{ "metadata": { "title": "U.S. Personal Finance Education Standards and Requirements", "updated": "2026-09-20", "coverage": "51 jurisdictions; publication readiness varies by researchStatus", "sources": "https://personalfinancestandards.com/sources/" }, "jurisdictions": [ { "name": "Alabama", "abbreviation": "AL", "slug": "alabama", "jurisdictionType": "state", "lastReviewed": "2026-09-20", "researchStatus": "verified", "indexable": true, "seo": { "title": "Alabama Personal Finance Standards & Requirements", "description": "Alabama requires covered students to complete approved financial literacy instruction and a 50-question exam. Review the cohort, course pathways, topics, and official sources.", "socialImage": "/icon-512.png" }, "summary": "Alabama students entering grade 9 in the 2024-25 school year and later must complete approved personal financial literacy instruction and take a 50-question state financial literacy exam. The instruction is embedded in approved Career Preparedness courses, which carry one credit within Alabama's diploma framework, rather than imposed as a separate additional personal finance credit. Students must take the exam, but they do not have to earn its 30-answer passing score to graduate.", "summarySourceIds": [ "al-guidance", "al-rule", "al-grad-chart" ], "requirement": { "overallStatuses": [ "graduation_requirement", "integrated_requirement" ], "standaloneCourseRequired": false, "graduationRequirement": true, "creditRequirement": "Financial literacy instruction is completed through an approved course; Career Preparedness is a 1-credit diploma requirement", "gradeLevels": [ "Students entering grade 9 in 2024-25 and later" ], "effectiveDate": null, "effectiveSchoolYear": "2024-25", "firstGraduatingClass": "2028", "assessmentRequired": true, "responsibleAgency": "Alabama State Department of Education", "deliveryNotes": "The Department's current guidance identifies Career Preparedness and Career Preparedness B as approved courses. A June 2026 State Board resolution also authorizes districts to use revised Business Software Applications I standards beginning in 2026-27. The financial literacy exam has 50 questions; 30 correct is a passing score, but a passing score is not required for graduation. A school administrator may waive exam completion for a special education student who is not learning at grade level.", "sourceIds": [ "al-act", "al-rule", "al-guidance", "al-grad-chart", "al-board-2026" ] }, "standardsDocument": { "title": "Career Preparedness Plan of Instruction", "adoptingAuthority": "Alabama State Department of Education", "adoptionDate": null, "effectiveDate": null, "officialUrl": "https://www.alabamaachieves.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/CTE_2022929_CareerPreparednessPlanofInstruction_V1.0.pdf", "sourceId": "al-standards" }, "narrative": [ { "text": "Alabama's requirement applies to students who entered grade 9 in the 2024-25 academic year and later. Covered students must complete approved personal financial literacy instruction and take the accompanying state examination before course credit is awarded.", "sourceIds": [ "al-act", "al-guidance", "al-rule" ] }, { "text": "The statewide rule does not add a separate personal finance credit. Alabama's Class of 2028-and-beyond graduation chart assigns one credit to Career Preparedness and notes that students complete the financial literacy exam as part of that course. The Department's implementation guidance names Career Preparedness and Career Preparedness B as approved delivery routes.", "sourceIds": [ "al-grad-chart", "al-guidance" ] }, { "text": "The exam contains 50 multiple-choice questions covering the required instructional areas. Thirty correct answers is the Department's passing score, but the Department explicitly says a passing score is not required for graduation. The student's score must still be recorded before credit is awarded.", "sourceIds": [ "al-guidance", "al-rule" ] }, { "text": "Alabama's Career Preparedness framework contains detailed standards for budgeting, banking, credit, saving, investing, risk, and insurance. Beginning in 2026-27, districts may also implement revised Business Software Applications I standards that embed the required career-preparation and financial-literacy competencies.", "sourceIds": [ "al-standards", "al-board-2026" ] }, { "text": "The Department permits a school administrator to waive exam completion for a special education student who is not learning at grade level. Earlier course-embedding waivers are transitional: they expire on their stated date or June 30, 2026, subject to a possible one-year extension, and the prior JROTC embedding memorandum was rescinded effective in 2025-26.", "sourceIds": [ "al-guidance" ] } ], "domains": [ { "name": "Financial management and budgeting", "summary": "Career Preparedness standards require students to build and use a personal financial plan, compare purchasing choices, and use common payment methods.", "standards": [ { "code": "AL.CT21.WB.CP.15", "title": "Develop a personal plan for managing income, expenses, savings, and…", "description": "Develop a personal plan for managing income, expenses, savings, and charitable contributions using financial-planning tools.", "gradeOrCourse": "Career Preparedness", "sourceId": "al-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 58-65" }, { "code": "AL.CT21.WB.CP.15a", "title": "Create and adjust budgets, net-worth statements, and income and expense…", "description": "Create and adjust budgets, net-worth statements, and income and expense statements.", "gradeOrCourse": "Career Preparedness", "sourceId": "al-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 58-65" }, { "code": "AL.CT21.WB.CP.15b", "title": "Identify income other than wages, including rent, interest, and profit", "description": "Identify income other than wages, including rent, interest, and profit.", "gradeOrCourse": "Career Preparedness", "sourceId": "al-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 58-65" }, { "code": "AL.CT21.WB.CP.15c", "title": "Investigate and evaluate methods for acquiring goods and making major…", "description": "Investigate and evaluate methods for acquiring goods and making major purchases.", "gradeOrCourse": "Career Preparedness", "sourceId": "al-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 58-65" }, { "code": "AL.CT21.WB.CP.15d", "title": "Compare total costs and value, including taxes, tips, discounts,…", "description": "Compare total costs and value, including taxes, tips, discounts, quality, and unit price.", "gradeOrCourse": "Career Preparedness", "sourceId": "al-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 58-65" }, { "code": "AL.CT21.WB.CP.15e", "title": "Explain cash, debit, credit, mobile and online payments, checks, payroll…", "description": "Explain cash, debit, credit, mobile and online payments, checks, payroll cards, layaway, and automatic deductions.", "gradeOrCourse": "Career Preparedness", "sourceId": "al-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 58-65" } ] }, { "name": "Banking and financial institutions", "summary": "Students compare institutions and services and demonstrate account-management skills.", "standards": [ { "code": "AL.CT21.WB.CP.16", "title": "Describe the functions, advantages, and disadvantages of major types of…", "description": "Describe the functions, advantages, and disadvantages of major types of financial institutions.", "gradeOrCourse": "Career Preparedness", "sourceId": "al-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 66-74" }, { "code": "AL.CT21.WB.CP.16a", "title": "Evaluate personal-banking services and their costs at different…", "description": "Evaluate personal-banking services and their costs at different financial institutions.", "gradeOrCourse": "Career Preparedness", "sourceId": "al-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 66-74" }, { "code": "AL.CT21.WB.CP.17", "title": "Manage checking and savings accounts, balance statements, and use online…", "description": "Manage checking and savings accounts, balance statements, and use online financial services.", "gradeOrCourse": "Career Preparedness", "sourceId": "al-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 66-74" } ] }, { "name": "Credit, debt, and legal agreements", "summary": "The credit standards address borrowing cost, reports and scores, contracts, loans, high-cost credit, and bankruptcy.", "standards": [ { "code": "AL.CT21.WB.CP.18", "title": "Explain advantages and disadvantages of using credit", "description": "Explain advantages and disadvantages of using credit.", "gradeOrCourse": "Career Preparedness", "sourceId": "al-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 75-89" }, { "code": "AL.CT21.WB.CP.18a", "title": "Assess how credit-card terms and interest calculations affect personal…", "description": "Assess how credit-card terms and interest calculations affect personal finances.", "gradeOrCourse": "Career Preparedness", "sourceId": "al-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 75-89" }, { "code": "AL.CT21.WB.CP.19", "title": "Explain why credit ratings and credit reports matter to consumers", "description": "Explain why credit ratings and credit reports matter to consumers.", "gradeOrCourse": "Career Preparedness", "sourceId": "al-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 75-89" }, { "code": "AL.CT21.WB.CP.19a", "title": "Identify ways to build and maintain a good credit score", "description": "Identify ways to build and maintain a good credit score.", "gradeOrCourse": "Career Preparedness", "sourceId": "al-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 75-89" }, { "code": "AL.CT21.WB.CP.19b", "title": "Determine the implications of contracts and binding agreements", "description": "Determine the implications of contracts and binding agreements.", "gradeOrCourse": "Career Preparedness", "sourceId": "al-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 75-89" }, { "code": "AL.CT21.WB.CP.19c", "title": "Compare loans, including college, payday, personal, vehicle, collateral,…", "description": "Compare loans, including college, payday, personal, vehicle, collateral, passbook, and mortgage loans.", "gradeOrCourse": "Career Preparedness", "sourceId": "al-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 75-89" }, { "code": "AL.CT21.WB.CP.19d", "title": "Describe legal and illegal high-interest credit arrangements", "description": "Describe legal and illegal high-interest credit arrangements.", "gradeOrCourse": "Career Preparedness", "sourceId": "al-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 75-89" }, { "code": "AL.CT21.WB.CP.19e", "title": "Explain bankruptcy eligibility, means tests, and credit counseling", "description": "Explain bankruptcy eligibility, means tests, and credit counseling.", "gradeOrCourse": "Career Preparedness", "sourceId": "al-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 75-89" }, { "code": "AL.CT21.WB.CP.19f", "title": "Assess consumer effects of Chapter 7, Chapter 11, and Chapter 13…", "description": "Assess consumer effects of Chapter 7, Chapter 11, and Chapter 13 bankruptcy filings.", "gradeOrCourse": "Career Preparedness", "sourceId": "al-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 75-89" } ] }, { "name": "Saving and investing", "summary": "Students distinguish short-term saving from long-term investing and compare major investment forms.", "standards": [ { "code": "AL.CT21.WB.CP.20", "title": "Gather and evaluate information about saving for short-term goals", "description": "Gather and evaluate information about saving for short-term goals.", "gradeOrCourse": "Career Preparedness", "sourceId": "al-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 90-95" }, { "code": "AL.CT21.WB.CP.21", "title": "Evaluate investments for income, retirement, and other long-term goals,…", "description": "Evaluate investments for income, retirement, and other long-term goals, including their advantages and disadvantages.", "gradeOrCourse": "Career Preparedness", "sourceId": "al-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 90-95" } ] }, { "name": "Risk management and insurance", "summary": "Students evaluate insurance, insurable risks, workplace safety, and disaster preparation.", "standards": [ { "code": "AL.CT21.WB.CP.22", "title": "Determine insurance options for automobile, liability, property, health,…", "description": "Determine insurance options for automobile, liability, property, health, life, long-term care, and disability risks.", "gradeOrCourse": "Career Preparedness", "sourceId": "al-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 96-102" }, { "code": "AL.CT21.WB.CP.22a", "title": "Identify factors that affect insurance cost", "description": "Identify factors that affect insurance cost.", "gradeOrCourse": "Career Preparedness", "sourceId": "al-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 96-102" }, { "code": "AL.CT21.WB.CP.22b", "title": "Identify perils that are insurable", "description": "Identify perils that are insurable.", "gradeOrCourse": "Career Preparedness", "sourceId": "al-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 96-102" }, { "code": "AL.CT21.WB.CP.23", "title": "Summarize workplace safety and health standards for routine and…", "description": "Summarize workplace safety and health standards for routine and emergency procedures.", "gradeOrCourse": "Career Preparedness", "sourceId": "al-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 96-102" }, { "code": "AL.CT21.WB.CP.24", "title": "Develop a financial and personal security plan for disasters, records,…", "description": "Develop a financial and personal security plan for disasters, records, cash reserves, inventories, and estate documents.", "gradeOrCourse": "Career Preparedness", "sourceId": "al-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 96-102" } ] } ], "policyTimeline": [ { "date": "2023", "event": "Act 2023-179 established required personal financial literacy instruction and an examination for students entering grade 9 in 2024-25 and later.", "sourceId": "al-act" }, { "date": "2023-12-14", "event": "The State Board amended Rule 290-3-1-.02 to align graduation requirements with Act 2023-179.", "sourceId": "al-board-2026" }, { "date": "2024-25", "event": "The first covered grade-9 cohort entered high school.", "sourceId": "al-guidance" }, { "date": "2026-06-11", "event": "The State Board approved embedding the required competencies in revised Business Software Applications I standards beginning in 2026-27.", "sourceId": "al-board-2026" } ], "lawsAndRules": [ { "identifier": "Ala. Code § 16-40-12 (Act 2023-179)", "title": "Instruction in personal financial literacy and money management", "summary": "Requires covered public-school students to complete personal financial literacy instruction and take the state examination.", "officialUrl": "https://alison.legislature.state.al.us/code-of-alabama?section=16-40-12", "effectiveDate": null, "sourceId": "al-act" }, { "identifier": "Ala. Admin. Code r. 290-3-1-.02", "title": "Regulations governing public schools", "summary": "Places the required financial literacy instruction and 50-question exam within approved graduation coursework for the 2024-25 entering cohort and later.", "officialUrl": "https://admincode.legislature.state.al.us/administrative-code/290-3-1-.02", "effectiveDate": null, "sourceId": "al-rule" } ], "educatorNotes": [ { "text": "Schedule every covered student into an ALSDE-approved course and administer the state exam at course completion. Record the score before awarding the course credit.", "sourceIds": [ "al-guidance" ] }, { "text": "Do not treat the exam's passing score as a diploma threshold. Students must take the exam, but ALSDE says they need not earn 30 correct answers to graduate.", "sourceIds": [ "al-guidance" ] }, { "text": "A school administrator may waive exam completion for a special education student who is not learning at grade level. This is an exam-completion waiver, not a general exemption from the approved instruction.", "sourceIds": [ "al-guidance" ] }, { "text": "Do not rely on an older local embedding arrangement without checking its expiration. Existing waivers sunset on their stated date or June 30, 2026, subject to the Department's limited extension process, and the former JROTC embedding memorandum no longer applies beginning in 2025-26.", "sourceIds": [ "al-guidance" ] }, { "text": "For 2026-27 and later schedules, verify whether the district has implemented the State Board-approved Business Software Applications I pathway or continues using Career Preparedness options.", "sourceIds": [ "al-board-2026", "al-guidance" ] } ], "sources": [ { "id": "al-act", "title": "Ala. Code § 16-40-12 — Instruction in Personal Financial Literacy and Money Management", "authority": "Alabama Legislature", "url": "https://alison.legislature.state.al.us/code-of-alabama?section=16-40-12", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": "2023", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Subsections (a)-(c), enacted by Act 2023-179", "supports": [ "enacted mandate", "grade-9 cohort", "course completion", "exam" ], "excerpt": "Beginning with public school students entering ninth grade in the 2024-2025 school year, each student shall complete a course in personal financial literacy and money management before graduation from high school." }, { "id": "al-rule", "title": "Alabama Administrative Code Rule 290-3-1-.02", "authority": "Alabama State Board of Education", "url": "https://admincode.legislature.state.al.us/administrative-code/290-3-1-.02", "sourceType": "regulation", "publicationDate": "2025-02-14", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Current compiled rule; high-school graduation requirements and financial literacy examination", "supports": [ "regulatory implementation", "50 questions", "required Career Preparedness delivery" ], "excerpt": "Effective for students entering the ninth grade in the 2024-2025 school year, all students shall complete a multiple-choice financial literacy examination." }, { "id": "al-guidance", "title": "Alabama High School Graduation Requirements: Guidelines for Implementation and Additional Information", "authority": "Alabama State Department of Education", "url": "https://www.alabamaachieves.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/GR_20251024_ALHighSchoolGradReqAddGuidance_v1.pdf", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2025-10-24", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Financial Literacy Course Requirement and Examination and transition guidance", "supports": [ "first cohort", "approved courses", "exam administration", "passing score", "special education waiver", "embedding-waiver transition" ], "excerpt": "A passing score is NOT required for graduation." }, { "id": "al-grad-chart", "title": "Alabama High School Graduation Requirements, Graduating Class of 2028 and Beyond, Option B", "authority": "Alabama State Department of Education", "url": "https://www.alabamaachieves.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/INSTRUCSER_GradRegs_20250218_AHSG-Requirements-2028-and-Beyond-Option-B_V1.0.pdf", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2025-02-11", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Graduation requirement table, Career Preparedness row", "supports": [ "one Career Preparedness credit", "class of 2028", "exam within course", "24-credit total" ], "excerpt": "Career Preparedness ... Students are required to complete an accompanying financial literacy examination as part of this course. 1 credit." }, { "id": "al-standards", "title": "Career Preparedness Plan of Instruction", "authority": "Alabama State Department of Education", "url": "https://www.alabamaachieves.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/CTE_2022929_CareerPreparednessPlanofInstruction_V1.0.pdf", "sourceType": "standards", "publicationDate": "2022-01-08", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "PDF pages 58-102, standards AL.CT21.WB.CP.15 through AL.CT21.WB.CP.24", "supports": [ "complete financial standards", "integrated course design", "budgeting", "banking", "credit", "saving", "insurance" ], "excerpt": "Career Preparedness focuses on three integrated areas of instruction: academic planning and career development, financial literacy, and technology." }, { "id": "al-board-2026", "title": "Resolution to Embed Career Preparation Standards and Financial Literacy Requirements into Business Software Applications I", "authority": "Alabama State Board of Education", "url": "https://www.alabamaachieves.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/SBOE_AR_20260612_ResEmbedCarrPrepStadFinLitBSApp1_v1.pdf", "sourceType": "board_action", "publicationDate": "2026-06-11", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Resolution, full text", "supports": [ "additional course pathway", "2026-27 implementation", "embedded delivery" ], "excerpt": "Local education agencies are authorized to implement the revised Business Software Applications I standards beginning with the 2026-2027 school year." } ], "faq": [ { "question": "Does Alabama require financial literacy to graduate?", "answer": "Yes. Students entering grade 9 in 2024-25 and later must complete approved personal financial literacy instruction and take the state financial literacy examination.", "sourceIds": [ "al-act", "al-guidance" ] }, { "question": "Does Alabama require a separate personal finance course?", "answer": "No separate additional credit is required. The approved instruction is delivered through Career Preparedness options, and districts may begin using the approved Business Software Applications I pathway in 2026-27.", "sourceIds": [ "al-guidance", "al-grad-chart", "al-board-2026" ] }, { "question": "Must Alabama students pass the financial literacy exam?", "answer": "No. Students must take the 50-question exam, but the Department says its 30-correct passing score is not required for graduation.", "sourceIds": [ "al-guidance" ] }, { "question": "Can Alabama waive the financial literacy exam for a student with a disability?", "answer": "A school administrator may waive exam completion for a special education student who is not learning at grade level. The guidance does not create a blanket exemption from the approved financial literacy instruction.", "sourceIds": [ "al-guidance" ] }, { "question": "Which Alabama students are first covered?", "answer": "The rule first covers students who entered grade 9 during the 2024-25 school year, generally the graduating Class of 2028.", "sourceIds": [ "al-guidance", "al-grad-chart" ] }, { "question": "What do Alabama's financial literacy standards cover?", "answer": "The approved Career Preparedness standards cover budgeting, income, consumer choices, banking, payment methods, credit reports and scores, loans, contracts, bankruptcy, saving, investing, insurance, and disaster planning.", "sourceIds": [ "al-standards" ] } ], "relatedStates": [] }, { "name": "Alaska", "abbreviation": "AK", "slug": "alaska", "jurisdictionType": "state", "lastReviewed": "2026-09-20", "researchStatus": "verified", "indexable": true, "seo": { "title": "Alaska Personal Finance Standards & Requirements", "description": "Alaska has 13 high-school personal finance standards but no statewide personal finance graduation credit. Review the standards, diploma rule, pending legislation, and official sources.", "socialImage": "/icon-512.png" }, "summary": "Alaska has adopted 13 personal finance standards for grades 9-12 within its social studies economics framework, but the statewide graduation rule does not require a personal finance or financial literacy course or credit. District graduation plans must require at least 21 credits in specified subject areas, and districts may add local requirements. A proposed statewide half-credit financial literacy program did not become part of the current graduation rule reviewed for this record.", "summarySourceIds": [ "ak-standards", "ak-graduation", "ak-sb22" ], "requirement": { "overallStatuses": [ "standards_only", "no_statewide_requirement_located" ], "standaloneCourseRequired": false, "graduationRequirement": false, "creditRequirement": null, "gradeLevels": [ "Grades 9-12 standards" ], "effectiveDate": null, "effectiveSchoolYear": null, "firstGraduatingClass": null, "assessmentRequired": null, "responsibleAgency": "Alaska Department of Education and Early Development", "deliveryNotes": "The 13 personal finance expectations are part of Alaska's adopted grade 9-12 social studies economics standards. The statewide 21-credit graduation rule does not assign a personal finance credit, so districts determine course placement and may add local diploma requirements.", "sourceIds": [ "ak-standards", "ak-standards-page", "ak-graduation" ] }, "standardsDocument": { "title": "Alaska Social Studies Standards", "adoptingAuthority": "Alaska State Board of Education and Early Development", "adoptionDate": "2024-12-05", "effectiveDate": null, "officialUrl": "https://education.alaska.gov/akstandards/Adopted-AK-SS-Standards-2024.pdf", "sourceId": "ak-standards" }, "narrative": [ { "text": "Alaska's current financial literacy policy begins with standards rather than a statewide course mandate. The December 2024 social studies standards include a Decision-Making and Personal Finance anchor for grades 9-12 with 13 expectations covering currency, income, taxes, saving, inflation, fraud, budgeting, credit, loans, and insurance.", "sourceIds": [ "ak-standards", "ak-standards-page" ] }, { "text": "The statewide diploma rule requires at least 21 credits and names language arts, social studies, mathematics, science, and health or physical education. It does not list a personal finance or financial literacy credit. Each district develops its own graduation plan and can establish requirements beyond the statewide minimum.", "sourceIds": [ "ak-graduation" ] }, { "text": "Because the personal finance expectations sit inside the social studies standards and Alaska does not prescribe a statewide personal finance credit, the evidence does not establish a stand-alone course, a required number of instructional hours, or a first affected graduating class.", "sourceIds": [ "ak-standards", "ak-graduation" ] }, { "text": "Senate Bill 22 proposed a grades 9-12 financial literacy program equivalent to a half-credit course and a diploma-completion condition. The official record still lists the bill in Senate Finance after the 2025-26 legislature rather than as enacted, so the proposal is documented separately and is not treated as current Alaska law.", "sourceIds": [ "ak-sb22", "ak-sb22-text" ] } ], "domains": [ { "name": "Decision-Making and Personal Finance", "summary": "Alaska's grade 9-12 Economics Anchor Standard 12 contains 13 personal finance expectations.", "standards": [ { "code": "SS.9-12.12.1", "title": "Explain the various types of currency", "description": "Explain the various types of currency.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 social studies economics", "sourceId": "ak-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 102" }, { "code": "SS.9-12.12.2", "title": "Examine opportunities for earning income, including wages and salaries,…", "description": "Examine opportunities for earning income, including wages and salaries, commissions, benefits, asset development, and dividends.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 social studies economics", "sourceId": "ak-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 102" }, { "code": "SS.9-12.12.3", "title": "Relate how intangible job benefits can affect personal life, career…", "description": "Relate how intangible job benefits can affect personal life, career choices, and income.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 social studies economics", "sourceId": "ak-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 102" }, { "code": "SS.9-12.12.4", "title": "Identify jobs, career sectors, business and nonprofit development…", "description": "Identify jobs, career sectors, business and nonprofit development opportunities, and other ways to contribute in the economic workforce.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 social studies economics", "sourceId": "ak-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 102" }, { "code": "SS.9-12.12.5", "title": "Calculate tax contributions to local, state, and federal governments and…", "description": "Calculate tax contributions to local, state, and federal governments and describe benefits those taxes may provide to individuals and society.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 social studies economics", "sourceId": "ak-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 102" }, { "code": "SS.9-12.12.6", "title": "Assess the economic advantages of saving in personal accounts and other…", "description": "Assess the economic advantages of saving in personal accounts and other long- and short-term investment accounts.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 social studies economics", "sourceId": "ak-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 102" }, { "code": "SS.9-12.12.7", "title": "Assess how inflation affects a personal finance portfolio, including…", "description": "Assess how inflation affects a personal finance portfolio, including income, spending, and saving.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 social studies economics", "sourceId": "ak-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 102" }, { "code": "SS.9-12.12.8", "title": "Investigate ways personal information is fraudulently obtained", "description": "Investigate ways personal information is fraudulently obtained.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 social studies economics", "sourceId": "ak-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 102" }, { "code": "SS.9-12.12.9", "title": "Prepare a budget or spending plan showing income sources, planned…", "description": "Prepare a budget or spending plan showing income sources, planned saving, taxes, and fixed and variable spending.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 social studies economics", "sourceId": "ak-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 102" }, { "code": "SS.9-12.12.10", "title": "Evaluate credit-card payment options and the consequences of each option", "description": "Evaluate credit-card payment options and the consequences of each option.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 social studies economics", "sourceId": "ak-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 102" }, { "code": "SS.9-12.12.11", "title": "Describe how a credit score affects the ability to borrow money and the…", "description": "Describe how a credit score affects the ability to borrow money and the applicable rate.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 social studies economics", "sourceId": "ak-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 102" }, { "code": "SS.9-12.12.12", "title": "Calculate the total cost of repaying a loan under different interest…", "description": "Calculate the total cost of repaying a loan under different interest rates and repayment periods.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 social studies economics", "sourceId": "ak-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 102" }, { "code": "SS.9-12.12.13", "title": "Explain types of insurance and how insurance protects financial interests", "description": "Explain types of insurance and how insurance protects financial interests.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 social studies economics", "sourceId": "ak-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 102" } ] } ], "policyTimeline": [ { "date": "2015-04", "event": "The filed version of 4 AAC 06.075 set the statewide 21-credit minimum and subject-area graduation requirements without a personal finance credit.", "sourceId": "ak-graduation" }, { "date": "2024-12-05", "event": "The State Board adopted the current social studies standards, including 13 grade 9-12 Decision-Making and Personal Finance expectations.", "sourceId": "ak-board-report" }, { "date": "2025-01-22", "event": "Senate Bill 22 was introduced to propose a half-credit-equivalent financial literacy program; the official record does not show enactment.", "sourceId": "ak-sb22" } ], "lawsAndRules": [ { "identifier": "4 AAC 06.075", "title": "High school graduation requirements", "summary": "Requires district graduation plans to include at least 21 credits in named subject areas; personal finance is not a separately listed statewide credit.", "officialUrl": "https://education.alaska.gov/regs/filed/4aac_06.075.pdf", "effectiveDate": "2015-04", "sourceId": "ak-graduation" } ], "educatorNotes": [ { "text": "Use the 13 adopted personal finance standards when a local course or social studies sequence addresses Decision-Making and Personal Finance.", "sourceIds": [ "ak-standards", "ak-standards-page" ] }, { "text": "Do not describe Alaska as requiring a statewide half-credit personal finance course. The current graduation rule does not contain that credit, and Senate Bill 22 is not controlling law.", "sourceIds": [ "ak-graduation", "ak-sb22" ] }, { "text": "Check the local district graduation plan because districts develop their own requirements within Alaska's statewide minimum framework.", "sourceIds": [ "ak-graduation" ] } ], "sources": [ { "id": "ak-standards", "title": "Alaska Social Studies Standards", "authority": "Alaska Department of Education and Early Development", "url": "https://education.alaska.gov/akstandards/Adopted-AK-SS-Standards-2024.pdf", "sourceType": "standards", "publicationDate": "2024-12", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Cover and PDF page 102, SS.9-12.12.1 through SS.9-12.12.13", "supports": [ "adopted standards document", "13 high-school personal finance standards", "content framework" ], "excerpt": "Economics Anchor Standard 12, Decision-Making and Personal Finance." }, { "id": "ak-board-report", "title": "2024 State Board of Education Report to the Legislature", "authority": "Alaska State Board of Education and Early Development", "url": "https://education.alaska.gov/State_Board/pdf/SBOE%20Report%20to%20the%20Legislature%20Report%20January%202025.pdf", "sourceType": "board_action", "publicationDate": "2025-01", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "PDF page 25, Alaska Social Studies Standards", "supports": [ "December 5, 2024 adoption date", "State Board adoption" ], "excerpt": "On December 5, 2024, the Social Studies Standards were adopted by the SBOE." }, { "id": "ak-standards-page", "title": "Social Studies", "authority": "Alaska Department of Education and Early Development", "url": "https://education.alaska.gov/standards/social", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Alaska Social Studies Standards (2024) and grades 9-12 standards links", "supports": [ "current standards document", "grade-band resources", "implementation resources" ], "excerpt": "Alaska Social Studies Standards (2024)." }, { "id": "ak-graduation", "title": "4 AAC 06.075: High school graduation requirements", "authority": "Alaska Department of Education and Early Development", "url": "https://education.alaska.gov/regs/filed/4aac_06.075.pdf", "sourceType": "regulation", "publicationDate": "2015-04", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Subsections (a)-(e), PDF pages 1-2", "supports": [ "21-credit minimum", "named subject credits", "district graduation plans", "transfer exception", "absence of a separate personal finance credit" ], "excerpt": "Each chief school administrator shall develop and submit to the district board for approval a plan consisting of district high school graduation requirements." }, { "id": "ak-sb22", "title": "Bill History and Action for Senate Bill 22", "authority": "Alaska State Legislature", "url": "https://www.akleg.gov/basis/Bill/detail/34?Root=SB22", "sourceType": "bill", "publicationDate": "2025-01-22", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Current status, actions, and full-text history", "supports": [ "proposed change", "committee status", "lack of enacted status in official bill record" ], "excerpt": "Current Status (S) FIN." }, { "id": "ak-sb22-text", "title": "Senate Bill 22, Version A", "authority": "Alaska State Legislature", "url": "https://www.akleg.gov/basis/get_documents.asp?docid=1016&session=34", "sourceType": "bill", "publicationDate": "2025-01-22", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Proposed AS 14.30.850(a)-(b), bill pages 1-3", "supports": [ "proposed half-credit-equivalent program", "proposed diploma condition", "proposed topics", "proposed transfer exception" ], "excerpt": "A school may not issue a high school diploma to a student unless the student has completed a financial literacy program under this section." } ], "faq": [ { "question": "Does Alaska require financial literacy to graduate?", "answer": "No statewide personal finance credit appears in Alaska's current graduation rule. Districts may add local requirements, and Alaska has adopted personal finance standards for grades 9-12.", "sourceIds": [ "ak-graduation", "ak-standards" ] }, { "question": "Does Alaska require a personal finance course?", "answer": "The reviewed statewide sources do not establish a required stand-alone personal finance course. The content appears in Alaska's social studies economics standards, while course placement remains a district decision.", "sourceIds": [ "ak-standards", "ak-graduation" ] }, { "question": "What do Alaska's financial literacy standards cover?", "answer": "The 13 high-school standards address currency, income and careers, taxes, saving and investing, inflation, fraud, budgeting, credit cards, credit scores, loan repayment, and insurance.", "sourceIds": [ "ak-standards" ] }, { "question": "How many credits does Alaska require for graduation?", "answer": "The statewide rule requires district graduation plans to include at least 21 credits, but it does not assign a separate personal finance credit.", "sourceIds": [ "ak-graduation" ] }, { "question": "Did Alaska enact Senate Bill 22's financial literacy requirement?", "answer": "The official record reviewed for this initial research pass lists Senate Bill 22 in committee rather than as enacted law, so its proposed half-credit program is not presented as a current requirement.", "sourceIds": [ "ak-sb22", "ak-sb22-text" ] } ], "relatedStates": [] }, { "name": "Arizona", "abbreviation": "AZ", "slug": "arizona", "jurisdictionType": "state", "lastReviewed": "2026-09-20", "researchStatus": "verified", "indexable": true, "seo": { "title": "Arizona Personal Finance Standards & Requirements", "description": "Learn how Arizona's half-credit economics graduation requirement incorporates personal finance, which standards apply, and what official state sources require.", "socialImage": "/icon-512.png" }, "summary": "Arizona requires high school students to complete at least one-half credit in economics for graduation, and that economics credit must include financial literacy and personal financial management. Arizona does not currently require a separate statewide personal finance course. Districts and charter schools may add a stand-alone course or additional integrated instruction beyond the state minimum.", "summarySourceIds": [ "az-statute", "az-graduation", "az-local-options" ], "requirement": { "overallStatuses": [ "graduation_requirement", "integrated_requirement" ], "standaloneCourseRequired": false, "graduationRequirement": true, "creditRequirement": "0.5 credit in economics including financial literacy and personal financial management", "gradeLevels": [ "Grades 9-12" ], "effectiveDate": "2019-08-27", "effectiveSchoolYear": "Statutory amendment effective August 27, 2019; no first covered school year is stated", "firstGraduatingClass": null, "assessmentRequired": false, "responsibleAgency": "Arizona State Board of Education", "deliveryNotes": "The statewide minimum is an economics credit that incorporates financial literacy and personal financial management. A district or charter school may adopt an additional stand-alone personal finance course or integrate additional content into existing courses and curricula. Students who qualify for the Grand Canyon Diploma are exempt from the otherwise applicable course requirements.", "sourceIds": [ "az-statute", "az-graduation", "az-local-options", "az-standards" ] }, "standardsDocument": { "title": "Arizona History and Social Science Standards", "adoptingAuthority": "Arizona State Board of Education", "adoptionDate": "2018-10-22", "effectiveDate": null, "officialUrl": "https://www.azed.gov/sites/default/files/2018/10/History%20and%20Social%20Science%20Standards%20for%20publication.pdf?id=5bd773421dcb250b94e9170a", "sourceId": "az-standards" }, "narrative": [ { "text": "Arizona's financial literacy graduation requirement is part of the required high-school economics credit. State law directs the Board of Education to require at least one-half credit in economics that includes financial literacy and personal financial management, while the statewide graduation rule places the half-credit within the three-credit social studies program.", "sourceIds": [ "az-statute", "az-graduation" ] }, { "text": "The requirement is integrated rather than a statewide stand-alone mandate. Arizona law allows the State Board to consider a separate course, but the current state minimum remains economics with required personal finance content. Local districts and charter schools may impose an additional separate course or expand instruction through existing curricula.", "sourceIds": [ "az-statute", "az-local-options", "az-graduation" ] }, { "text": "Arizona's adopted high-school economics standards contain five expressly financial-literacy standards on economic well-being, budgeting and saving, credit, investments, and insurance. The same required economics framework also covers economic reasoning, markets, the national economy, and global trade.", "sourceIds": [ "az-standards" ] }, { "text": "The State Board adopted the current History and Social Science Standards on October 22, 2018. Senate Bill 1184 then codified the half-credit economics requirement in 2019 without creating a separate personal finance credit; the Legislature's official effective-date table establishes August 27, 2019 as the act's effective date.", "sourceIds": [ "az-standards", "az-sb1184", "az-effective-dates", "az-statute" ] }, { "text": "The general course requirements have a statutory exception: a student who qualifies for the Grand Canyon Diploma is exempt from the course requirements in section 15-701.01(A).", "sourceIds": [ "az-statute" ] } ], "domains": [ { "name": "Financial literacy and personal finance", "summary": "Five high-school standards identify the personal finance content within Arizona's required economics framework.", "standards": [ { "code": "HS.E1.1", "title": "Economic well-being", "description": "Evaluate how and why people make choices to improve their economic well-being.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school economics", "sourceId": "az-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 51" }, { "code": "HS.E1.2", "title": "Budgeting and saving choices", "description": "Analyze the factors that influence how and why people make budgeting and saving choices.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school economics", "sourceId": "az-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 51" }, { "code": "HS.E1.3", "title": "Using credit", "description": "Evaluate the costs and benefits of using credit.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school economics", "sourceId": "az-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 51" }, { "code": "HS.E1.4", "title": "Investment choices", "description": "Compare the costs and benefits of several types of investments.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school economics", "sourceId": "az-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 51" }, { "code": "HS.E1.5", "title": "Insurance and financial risk", "description": "Evaluate the ways insurance may minimize personal financial risk.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school economics", "sourceId": "az-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 51" } ] }, { "name": "Economic reasoning, markets, and national and global economics", "summary": "The remaining high-school economics standards complete the state framework that surrounds the required financial-literacy content.", "standards": [ { "code": "HS.E2.1", "title": "Scarcity and economic decisions", "description": "Explain how scarcity produces economic decisions and evaluate effects on individuals, institutions, and societies.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school economics", "sourceId": "az-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 51" }, { "code": "HS.E2.2", "title": "Economic incentives", "description": "Analyze how incentives influence economic choices for individuals, institutions, and societies.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school economics", "sourceId": "az-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 51" }, { "code": "HS.E2.3", "title": "Cost-benefit and marginal analysis", "description": "Use cost-benefit analysis or marginal analysis to evaluate an economic issue.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school economics", "sourceId": "az-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 51" }, { "code": "HS.E3.1", "title": "Markets and market structures", "description": "Explain how buyers and sellers interact to create markets and market structures.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school economics", "sourceId": "az-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 51" }, { "code": "HS.E3.2", "title": "Market prices", "description": "Evaluate how factors and conditions influence market prices.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school economics", "sourceId": "az-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 51" }, { "code": "HS.E3.3", "title": "Government regulation", "description": "Evaluate the role of government in regulating marketplaces.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school economics", "sourceId": "az-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 51" }, { "code": "HS.E3.4", "title": "Business organization and entrepreneurship", "description": "Explain types of business organizations and analyze innovation and entrepreneurship in a market economy.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school economics", "sourceId": "az-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 51" }, { "code": "HS.E4.1", "title": "National economic health", "description": "Use economic data to analyze the health of a national economy.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school economics", "sourceId": "az-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 51" }, { "code": "HS.E4.2", "title": "Fiscal and monetary policy", "description": "Evaluate conditions leading to fiscal and monetary policy choices and their effects on households and businesses.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school economics", "sourceId": "az-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 51" }, { "code": "HS.E4.3", "title": "Economic institutions", "description": "Explain the roles of institutions in a market economy.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school economics", "sourceId": "az-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 51" }, { "code": "HS.E4.4", "title": "Technology, training, and growth", "description": "Explain how advances in technology and training affect economic growth and standards of living.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school economics", "sourceId": "az-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 51" }, { "code": "HS.E5.1", "title": "Advantages and disadvantages of trade", "description": "Evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of global trade.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school economics", "sourceId": "az-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 51" }, { "code": "HS.E5.2", "title": "Economic interdependence", "description": "Evaluate how interdependence affects individuals, institutions, and societies.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school economics", "sourceId": "az-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 51" }, { "code": "HS.E5.3", "title": "Why nations trade", "description": "Explain why nations choose to trade and how trade is regulated.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school economics", "sourceId": "az-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 51" }, { "code": "HS.E5.4", "title": "National economies and trade", "description": "Explain how national economies influence trade.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school economics", "sourceId": "az-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 51" } ] } ], "policyTimeline": [ { "date": "2018-10-22", "event": "The State Board adopted the current Arizona History and Social Science Standards.", "sourceId": "az-standards" }, { "date": "2019-08-27", "event": "Senate Bill 1184 took effect and codified the half-credit economics requirement with financial literacy and personal financial management.", "sourceId": "az-sb1184" } ], "lawsAndRules": [ { "identifier": "A.R.S. § 15-701.01(A)(2)", "title": "High school graduation requirements", "summary": "Requires at least one-half credit in economics that includes financial literacy and personal financial management, while allowing the Board to consider a separate personal finance course.", "officialUrl": "https://www.azleg.gov/ars/15/00701-01.htm", "effectiveDate": "2019-08-27", "sourceId": "az-statute" }, { "identifier": "A.A.C. R7-2-302", "title": "Minimum course of study and competency requirements", "summary": "Places one-half credit of economics within Arizona's three-credit social studies graduation minimum.", "officialUrl": "https://azsbe.az.gov/schools/graduation-requirements", "effectiveDate": null, "sourceId": "az-graduation" }, { "identifier": "A.R.S. § 15-720.02", "title": "Instruction on personal finance in high schools", "summary": "Allows districts and charter schools to add a separate personal finance course or incorporate additional instruction into an existing course or curriculum beyond the state minimum.", "officialUrl": "https://www.azleg.gov/ars/15/00720-02.htm", "effectiveDate": null, "sourceId": "az-local-options" } ], "educatorNotes": [ { "text": "Ensure the required half-credit economics course covers the five HS.E1 financial-literacy standards as well as the broader adopted economics standards.", "sourceIds": [ "az-statute", "az-standards" ] }, { "text": "Do not describe Arizona's current statewide minimum as a separate personal finance course. Local governing boards may add one, but the controlling state requirement is integrated into economics.", "sourceIds": [ "az-statute", "az-local-options", "az-graduation" ] }, { "text": "Local districts and charter schools may establish requirements beyond the 22-credit statewide minimum.", "sourceIds": [ "az-graduation" ] }, { "text": "Check whether a student is pursuing the Grand Canyon Diploma before applying the general half-credit economics course requirement; qualifying students are exempt from the subsection A course requirements.", "sourceIds": [ "az-statute" ] } ], "sources": [ { "id": "az-statute", "title": "A.R.S. § 15-701.01: High schools; graduation; requirements", "authority": "Arizona Legislature", "url": "https://www.azleg.gov/ars/15/00701-01.htm", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": "2026", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Subsections A(2) and K", "supports": [ "half-credit economics graduation requirement", "required financial literacy and personal financial management", "separate-course distinction", "Grand Canyon Diploma exception" ], "excerpt": "The state board shall require at least one-half of a course credit in economics, which shall include financial literacy and personal financial management." }, { "id": "az-graduation", "title": "High School Graduation Requirements", "authority": "Arizona State Board of Education", "url": "https://azsbe.az.gov/schools/graduation-requirements", "sourceType": "regulation", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "A.A.C. R7-2-302; statewide minimum course of study", "supports": [ "22-credit minimum", "three social-studies credits", "half-credit economics", "local additional requirements" ], "excerpt": "Three credits in social studies ... [including] one-half credit of economics." }, { "id": "az-local-options", "title": "A.R.S. § 15-720.02: Instruction on personal finance in high schools", "authority": "Arizona Legislature", "url": "https://www.azleg.gov/ars/15/00720-02.htm", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": "2026", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Subsections A-C", "supports": [ "local stand-alone option", "integrated local option", "required topic list", "local curriculum discretion" ], "excerpt": "A school district governing board or charter school may prescribe a separate personal finance course ... or incorporate personal finance instruction into an existing course or existing curricula." }, { "id": "az-standards", "title": "Arizona History and Social Science Standards", "authority": "Arizona Department of Education", "url": "https://www.azed.gov/sites/default/files/2018/10/History%20and%20Social%20Science%20Standards%20for%20publication.pdf?id=5bd773421dcb250b94e9170a", "sourceType": "standards", "publicationDate": "2018-10-22", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Adoption statement, PDF page 3; High School Economics, standards HS.E1.1-HS.E5.4, PDF page 51", "supports": [ "Board adoption date", "complete high-school economics standards", "five financial-literacy standards", "required content framework" ], "excerpt": "A financially literate individual understands how to manage income, spending, and investment." }, { "id": "az-sb1184", "title": "Chapter 84, Senate Bill 1184", "authority": "Arizona Legislature", "url": "https://www.azleg.gov/legtext/54leg/1r/laws/0084.htm", "sourceType": "bill", "publicationDate": "2019-04-11", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Section 1, A.R.S. § 15-701.01(A)(2)", "supports": [ "2019 codification", "half-credit economics", "integrated personal finance content" ], "excerpt": "The state board shall require at least one-half of a course credit in economics, which shall include financial literacy and personal financial management." }, { "id": "az-effective-dates", "title": "General Effective Dates", "authority": "Arizona Legislature", "url": "https://www.azleg.gov/general-effective-dates/", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Fifty-fourth Legislature, First Regular Session", "supports": [ "August 27, 2019 effective date for non-emergency legislation" ], "excerpt": "Fifty-fourth Legislature, First Regular Session: August 27, 2019." } ], "faq": [ { "question": "Does Arizona require financial literacy to graduate?", "answer": "Yes. Arizona's required half-credit economics course must include financial literacy and personal financial management as part of the statewide high-school graduation minimum.", "sourceIds": [ "az-statute", "az-graduation" ] }, { "question": "Does Arizona require a stand-alone personal finance course?", "answer": "No. Current statewide law requires personal finance content within the half-credit economics requirement. Districts and charter schools may add a separate personal finance course locally.", "sourceIds": [ "az-statute", "az-local-options" ] }, { "question": "How much economics and personal finance credit does Arizona require?", "answer": "Arizona requires one-half credit in economics, and that credit must include financial literacy and personal financial management. It is part of the three-credit social studies minimum.", "sourceIds": [ "az-statute", "az-graduation" ] }, { "question": "What do Arizona's personal finance standards cover?", "answer": "Standards HS.E1.1 through HS.E1.5 cover economic well-being, budgeting and saving, credit, investments, and insurance. The required economics framework also addresses economic reasoning, markets, national policy, and global trade.", "sourceIds": [ "az-standards" ] }, { "question": "Can an Arizona district require more personal finance instruction?", "answer": "Yes. District and charter governing boards may establish a separate course or incorporate additional instruction into existing courses and curricula beyond the statewide minimum.", "sourceIds": [ "az-local-options", "az-graduation" ] } ], "relatedStates": [] }, { "name": "Arkansas", "abbreviation": "AR", "slug": "arkansas", "jurisdictionType": "state", "lastReviewed": "2026-09-20", "researchStatus": "verified", "indexable": true, "seo": { "title": "Arkansas Personal Finance Standards & Requirements", "description": "Arkansas requires personal finance credit in grades 9-12 and currently includes 0.5 credit of Economics with Personal Finance. Review pathways and standards.", "socialImage": "/icon-512.png" }, "summary": "Arkansas requires covered public high school students to earn credit before graduation in a grade 9-12 course containing the State Board-approved Personal Finance Standards. The current 22-credit diploma framework includes 0.5 credit of Economics with Personal Finance, while DESE also identifies approved mathematics, Advanced Placement, career-focus, and dedicated Financial Literacy courses that embed the statutory standards. Arkansas therefore requires personal finance for graduation but not one universally titled stand-alone course.", "summarySourceIds": [ "ar-act480", "ar-act466", "ar-dese-personal-finance", "ar-graduation" ], "requirement": { "overallStatuses": [ "graduation_requirement", "integrated_requirement" ], "standaloneCourseRequired": false, "graduationRequirement": true, "creditRequirement": "Credit in a grade 9-12 course containing the Personal and Family Finance Standards; the current diploma framework includes 0.5 credit of Economics with Personal Finance, while other approved implementing courses carry 0.5 to 1.5 credits", "gradeLevels": [ "Grades 9-12" ], "effectiveDate": null, "effectiveSchoolYear": "2017-18 entering grade-9 cohort", "firstGraduatingClass": null, "assessmentRequired": null, "responsibleAgency": "Arkansas Department of Education, Division of Elementary and Secondary Education", "deliveryNotes": "The current diploma framework includes 0.5 credit of Economics with Personal Finance. DESE also lists approved courses with the 2017 Personal Finance Standards embedded; using another approved course requires state course approval. The alternate pathway for students with the most significant cognitive disabilities includes 0.5 credit of Economics, Personal Finance, and Financial Literacy Exploration.", "sourceIds": [ "ar-act480", "ar-act466", "ar-dese-personal-finance", "ar-graduation" ] }, "standardsDocument": { "title": "Personal Finance Standards", "adoptingAuthority": "Arkansas State Board of Education", "adoptionDate": "2017-12-14", "effectiveDate": null, "officialUrl": "https://dese.ade.arkansas.gov/Files/20210427081238_Personal-Finance-Standards_PDF.pdf", "sourceId": "ar-personal-finance-standards" }, "narrative": [ { "text": "Arkansas has a student-completion and graduation requirement, not merely optional financial literacy standards. Act 480 applies to students who entered grade 9 in 2017-18 or later, and Act 466 later clarified that the qualifying course may be taken in grade 9 as well as grades 10-12.", "sourceIds": [ "ar-act480", "ar-act466" ] }, { "text": "The current diploma framework lists 0.5 credit of ADE-approved Economics with Personal Finance. Separately, DESE's statutory implementation page lists seven preapproved courses containing the 2017 standards; another approved course may be used only after state course approval.", "sourceIds": [ "ar-graduation", "ar-dese-personal-finance" ] }, { "text": "Approved implementing courses carry different credit values: Financial Literacy and the economics options carry one-half credit, Quantitative Reasoning and AP Business with Personal Finance carry one credit, and Financial Planning carries one and one-half credits. The requirement is therefore integrated rather than a universal stand-alone personal finance course mandate.", "sourceIds": [ "ar-dese-personal-finance" ] }, { "text": "The State Board approved the dedicated 2017 Personal Finance Standards on December 14, 2017. They contain 38 expectations across employment and income, college and career planning, credit, money management, insurance, and saving and investing. The later 2022 Economics with Personal Finance framework is the current required economics course framework, not a replacement for the complete cross-course statutory standards.", "sourceIds": [ "ar-board-minutes", "ar-personal-finance-standards", "ar-econ-standards", "ar-social-studies-page" ] } ], "domains": [ { "name": "Arkansas Personal Finance Standards", "summary": "The complete 2017 State Board-approved framework contains 38 expectations. Asterisks in the official document identify the expectations expressly required when the standards are embedded in another course.", "standards": [ { "code": "PF.1.EI.1", "title": "Career and job selection", "description": "Explain factors that influence career and job selection.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 approved course pathways", "sourceId": "ar-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" }, { "code": "PF.1.EI.2", "title": "Job search and application", "description": "Locate and apply for a job by completing a search, application, cover letter, resume, and follow-up letter.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 approved course pathways", "sourceId": "ar-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" }, { "code": "PF.1.EI.3", "title": "Job interviews", "description": "Evaluate ways to make a positive impression during a job interview.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 approved course pathways", "sourceId": "ar-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" }, { "code": "PF.1.EI.4", "title": "Job offers and benefits", "description": "Compare job offers based on time, income, insurance, retirement, and other employee benefits.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 approved course pathways", "sourceId": "ar-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" }, { "code": "PF.1.EI.5", "title": "Workplace success", "description": "Summarize communication, time-management, and basic employer-expectation skills needed in the workplace.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 approved course pathways", "sourceId": "ar-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" }, { "code": "PF.2.EI.1", "title": "Payment methods", "description": "Compare methods by which employees are paid, including direct deposit, paper checks, and payroll cards.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 approved course pathways", "sourceId": "ar-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "PF.2.EI.2", "title": "Income deductions", "description": "Represent and analyze taxes, deductions, gross pay, and net pay and their effects on income.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 approved course pathways", "sourceId": "ar-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "PF.2.EI.3", "title": "Compensation structures", "description": "Analyze differences among salary, hourly, commission, and overtime pay.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 approved course pathways", "sourceId": "ar-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "PF.2.EI.4", "title": "Employment forms", "description": "Complete W-4, I-9, medical, life-insurance, and retirement forms.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 approved course pathways", "sourceId": "ar-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "PF.3.CCP.1", "title": "Career planning", "description": "Explore careers, employment forecasts, and the steps needed to enter a career based on interests or talents.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 approved course pathways", "sourceId": "ar-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 5" }, { "code": "PF.3.CCP.2", "title": "Work-based experiences", "description": "Explore internships, job shadowing, and other real-world experiences for determining career paths.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 approved course pathways", "sourceId": "ar-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 5" }, { "code": "PF.3.CCP.3", "title": "Education and training path", "description": "Develop a flowchart for the education, training, applications, aid, and equipment needed for a chosen career.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 approved course pathways", "sourceId": "ar-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 5" }, { "code": "PF.4.C.1", "title": "Fraud and identity theft", "description": "Identify fraud and credit abuse and develop strategies to protect against identity fraud and theft.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 approved course pathways", "sourceId": "ar-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" }, { "code": "PF.4.C.2", "title": "Consumer crimes and laws", "description": "Discuss common crimes against consumers and examine federal consumer-protection laws.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 approved course pathways", "sourceId": "ar-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" }, { "code": "PF.4.C.3", "title": "Renting and owning", "description": "Compare the advantages and disadvantages of renting and owning a home, including costs, taxes, and insurance.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 approved course pathways", "sourceId": "ar-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" }, { "code": "PF.4.C.4", "title": "Mortgage costs", "description": "Analyze how interest rates, term length, and credit ratings influence mortgage costs.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 approved course pathways", "sourceId": "ar-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" }, { "code": "PF.4.C.5", "title": "Credit components", "description": "Compare credit sources and evaluate credit use, scores, costs, problem-solving methods, and overextension risks.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 approved course pathways", "sourceId": "ar-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" }, { "code": "PF.4.C.6", "title": "Bankruptcy", "description": "Identify types of bankruptcy and evaluate effects on future financial opportunities.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 approved course pathways", "sourceId": "ar-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" }, { "code": "PF.4.C.7", "title": "Loans", "description": "Differentiate loans and examine applications, approval, true costs, interest rates, and default consequences.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 approved course pathways", "sourceId": "ar-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" }, { "code": "PF.5.MM.1", "title": "Banking institutions", "description": "Compare banking institutions and the products and services they offer.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 approved course pathways", "sourceId": "ar-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 7" }, { "code": "PF.5.MM.2", "title": "Account management", "description": "Explore opening and managing checking, savings, and other accounts.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 approved course pathways", "sourceId": "ar-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 7" }, { "code": "PF.5.MM.3", "title": "Retirement plans", "description": "Analyze the advantages and disadvantages of pensions, 401(k)s, IRAs, Social Security, and other retirement plans.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 approved course pathways", "sourceId": "ar-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 7" }, { "code": "PF.5.MM.4", "title": "Household budget", "description": "Analyze expenses to create a household budget covering housing, utilities, food, saving, insurance, taxes, and giving.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 approved course pathways", "sourceId": "ar-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 7" }, { "code": "PF.5.MM.5", "title": "Financial-planning influences", "description": "Examine needs, wants, priorities, values, life stages, and estate planning as influences on financial decisions.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 approved course pathways", "sourceId": "ar-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 7" }, { "code": "PF.6.I.1", "title": "Insurance and risk", "description": "Analyze the need for insurance in managing risk and how risk affects cost.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 approved course pathways", "sourceId": "ar-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 8" }, { "code": "PF.6.I.2", "title": "Premiums and deductibles", "description": "Investigate the relationship between insurance premiums and deductibles.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 approved course pathways", "sourceId": "ar-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 8" }, { "code": "PF.6.I.3", "title": "Auto insurance", "description": "Evaluate auto-insurance options and the factors that affect coverage cost.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 approved course pathways", "sourceId": "ar-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 8" }, { "code": "PF.6.I.4", "title": "Health-related insurance", "description": "Assess health, dental, vision, disability, long-term-care, and other health-related coverage options.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 approved course pathways", "sourceId": "ar-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 8" }, { "code": "PF.6.I.5", "title": "Life insurance", "description": "Analyze term, whole, and other types of life insurance.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 approved course pathways", "sourceId": "ar-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 8" }, { "code": "PF.6.I.6", "title": "Property insurance", "description": "Investigate homeowners, renters, mortgage, and related property-insurance riders.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 approved course pathways", "sourceId": "ar-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 8" }, { "code": "PF.7.SI.1", "title": "Interest and financial choices", "description": "Compare the effects of interest rates on saving and borrowing.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 approved course pathways", "sourceId": "ar-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 9" }, { "code": "PF.7.SI.2", "title": "Changing interest rates", "description": "Examine how consumers are affected when interest rates rise or fall.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 approved course pathways", "sourceId": "ar-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 9" }, { "code": "PF.7.SI.3", "title": "Simple and compound interest", "description": "Calculate simple and compound interest and explain their differences.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 approved course pathways", "sourceId": "ar-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 9" }, { "code": "PF.7.SI.4", "title": "Risk and return", "description": "Analyze the relationship between investment risk and return.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 approved course pathways", "sourceId": "ar-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 9" }, { "code": "PF.7.SI.5", "title": "Saving tools", "description": "Compare liquidity, interest rates, term length, and other characteristics of saving tools against financial goals.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 approved course pathways", "sourceId": "ar-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 9" }, { "code": "PF.7.SI.6", "title": "Financial goals", "description": "Explain goal setting as part of financial planning and construct a well-written goal.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 approved course pathways", "sourceId": "ar-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 9" }, { "code": "PF.7.SI.7", "title": "Investments and diversification", "description": "Research annuities, bonds, money-market funds, mutual funds, real estate, and stocks and consider diversification.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 approved course pathways", "sourceId": "ar-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 9" }, { "code": "PF.7.SI.8", "title": "Investment regulation", "description": "Understand the regulation of savings and investments.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 approved course pathways", "sourceId": "ar-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 9" } ] } ], "policyTimeline": [ { "date": "2017-03-14", "event": "Act 480 established the personal and family finance standards and the course-credit requirement for the entering grade-9 class of 2017-18.", "sourceId": "ar-act480" }, { "date": "2017-18", "event": "The requirement began with students entering grade 9.", "sourceId": "ar-act480" }, { "date": "2019-03-14", "event": "Act 466 allowed students to earn the qualifying credit in grade 9 as well as grades 10-12.", "sourceId": "ar-act466" }, { "date": "2017-12-14", "event": "The State Board approved the 38-expectation Personal Finance Standards used to implement Act 480.", "sourceId": "ar-board-minutes" }, { "date": "2022-12", "event": "The State Board adopted revised social studies standards, including the current Economics with Personal Finance course framework.", "sourceId": "ar-social-studies-page" }, { "date": "2024-25", "event": "Full implementation of the 2022 social studies standards became required.", "sourceId": "ar-social-studies-page" } ], "lawsAndRules": [ { "identifier": "A.C.A. § 6-16-135; Act 480 of 2017", "title": "Personal Finance and Job Readiness Act", "summary": "Defines the required personal and family finance content and requires covered public high school students to earn credit in a course containing the standards before graduation.", "officialUrl": "https://www.arkleg.state.ar.us/Home/FTPDocument?path=%2FACTS%2F2017R%2FPublic%2FACT480.pdf", "effectiveDate": null, "sourceId": "ar-act480" }, { "identifier": "Act 466 of 2019", "title": "Personal and Family Finance Standards", "summary": "Amends section 6-16-135 so the qualifying course may be taken in grade 9, 10, 11, or 12.", "officialUrl": "https://arkleg.state.ar.us/Home/FTPDocument?path=%2FACTS%2F2019R%2FPublic%2FACT466.pdf", "effectiveDate": null, "sourceId": "ar-act466" } ], "educatorNotes": [ { "text": "Use one of DESE's approved courses with the personal finance standards already embedded, or submit a course-approval request when embedding the standards in another approved course.", "sourceIds": [ "ar-dese-personal-finance" ] }, { "text": "Distinguish the current 0.5-credit Economics with Personal Finance diploma course from the separate statutory requirement, whose approved implementing courses range from one-half credit to one and one-half credits.", "sourceIds": [ "ar-graduation", "ar-dese-personal-finance" ] } ], "sources": [ { "id": "ar-act480", "title": "Act 480 of 2017, Personal Finance and Job Readiness Act", "authority": "Arkansas General Assembly", "url": "https://www.arkleg.state.ar.us/Home/FTPDocument?path=%2FACTS%2F2017R%2FPublic%2FACT480.pdf", "sourceType": "bill", "publicationDate": "2017-03-14", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "A.C.A. § 6-16-135; Act pages 1-3", "supports": [ "required content", "student completion", "entering 2017-18 cohort", "credit in a course" ], "excerpt": "Each public high school student shall be required before graduation to earn a credit in a course ... that includes the personal and family finance standards." }, { "id": "ar-act466", "title": "Act 466 of 2019, Personal and Family Finance Standards", "authority": "Arkansas General Assembly", "url": "https://arkleg.state.ar.us/Home/FTPDocument?path=%2FACTS%2F2019R%2FPublic%2FACT466.pdf", "sourceType": "bill", "publicationDate": "2019-03-14", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Section 1, amendment to A.C.A. § 6-16-135(c)", "supports": [ "grade 9 option", "grades 9-12", "covered cohort" ], "excerpt": "A course taken in grade nine (9), grade ten (10), grade eleven (11), or grade twelve (12)." }, { "id": "ar-dese-personal-finance", "title": "Personal Finance Standards and Approved Courses", "authority": "Arkansas Department of Education, Division of Elementary and Secondary Education", "url": "https://dese.ade.arkansas.gov/Offices/learning-services/curriculum-support/personal-finance", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Personal Finance Standards; Approved Courses; Embedding Standards in Additional Courses", "supports": [ "approved pathways", "credit values", "integrated delivery", "course approval", "grades 9-12" ], "excerpt": "Beginning with the freshmen class of 2017-18, these acts require students to complete a course that includes specific personal finance standards in grade 9, 10, 11, or 12." }, { "id": "ar-personal-finance-standards", "title": "Personal Finance Standards", "authority": "Arkansas Department of Education", "url": "https://dese.ade.arkansas.gov/Files/20210427081238_Personal-Finance-Standards_PDF.pdf", "sourceType": "standards", "publicationDate": "2017", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "PDF pages 2-9, PF.1.EI.1-PF.7.SI.8", "supports": [ "complete 38-expectation framework", "embedding requirements", "employment", "credit", "money management", "insurance", "saving and investing" ], "excerpt": "If embedding Personal Finance in other courses, these standards must be included." }, { "id": "ar-board-minutes", "title": "Arkansas State Board of Education Minutes — December 14, 2017", "authority": "Arkansas State Board of Education", "url": "https://dese.ade.arkansas.gov/Files/20210331164025_14December2017_SBE_Minutes_SIGNED.pdf", "sourceType": "board_action", "publicationDate": "2017-12-14", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Agenda item B-3, PDF page 7", "supports": [ "standards adoption", "Act 480 implementation", "stand-alone and embedded options", "0.5-credit dedicated option" ], "excerpt": "The motion to approve Personal Finance standards to meet the intent of Act 480 of 2017 carried unanimously." }, { "id": "ar-econ-standards", "title": "Economics with Personal Finance Academic Standards", "authority": "Arkansas Department of Education, Division of Elementary and Secondary Education", "url": "https://dese.ade.arkansas.gov/Files/AR_Economics_with_Personal_Finance_Standards_2022_LS.pdf", "sourceType": "standards", "publicationDate": "2022-12", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "PDF pages 11-16, E.6.ECON.PF.1-E.6.ECON.PF.9", "supports": [ "complete course standards", "personal finance content", "one-semester course" ], "excerpt": "Students will understand the factors affecting income, wealth, and financial risk. This includes the role of credit in personal finance." }, { "id": "ar-social-studies-page", "title": "Social Studies Standards and Courses", "authority": "Arkansas Department of Education, Division of Elementary and Secondary Education", "url": "https://dese.ade.arkansas.gov/Offices/learning-services/curriculum-support/social-studies-standards-and-courses", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2022-12", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "2022 Approved Social Studies Standards and Personal Finance Standards and Courses", "supports": [ "board adoption", "2024-25 implementation", "current standards document" ], "excerpt": "The Arkansas State Board of Education approved revised Social Studies Standards in December 2022." }, { "id": "ar-graduation", "title": "Arkansas Graduation Requirements", "authority": "Arkansas Department of Education, Division of Elementary and Secondary Education", "url": "https://dese.ade.arkansas.gov/Files/AR_Graduation_Requirements_12.3.25_LS.pdf", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2025-12-03", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Social Studies and Other Requirements", "supports": [ "current 0.5-credit Economics with Personal Finance course", "current graduation requirement", "grades 9-12", "alternate pathway" ], "excerpt": "An AR graduate must earn credit in a course that includes Personal and Family Finance Standards in grades 9-12." } ], "faq": [ { "question": "Does Arkansas require financial literacy to graduate?", "answer": "Yes. Covered public high school students must earn credit before graduation in a grade 9-12 course that includes Arkansas's personal and family finance standards.", "sourceIds": [ "ar-act480", "ar-act466" ] }, { "question": "Does Arkansas require a stand-alone personal finance course?", "answer": "No. Arkansas approves both dedicated Financial Literacy and Economics with Personal Finance courses and courses in mathematics, AP economics, financial planning, or business with the standards embedded.", "sourceIds": [ "ar-dese-personal-finance" ] }, { "question": "How much personal finance credit does Arkansas require?", "answer": "The current diploma framework includes 0.5 credit of Economics with Personal Finance. The separate statutory requirement is credit in a qualifying course, and DESE's approved implementing courses range from 0.5 to 1.5 credits.", "sourceIds": [ "ar-graduation", "ar-dese-personal-finance" ] }, { "question": "Which Arkansas students are covered?", "answer": "The rule applies to public high school students who entered grade 9 in the 2017-18 school year or later.", "sourceIds": [ "ar-act480", "ar-act466" ] }, { "question": "What do Arkansas personal finance standards cover?", "answer": "The 38 State Board-approved expectations cover employment and income, college and career planning, credit, money management, insurance, and saving and investing.", "sourceIds": [ "ar-personal-finance-standards", "ar-board-minutes" ] } ], "relatedStates": [ "oklahoma", "tennessee" ] }, { "name": "California", "abbreviation": "CA", "slug": "california", "jurisdictionType": "state", "lastReviewed": "2026-09-19", "researchStatus": "verified", "indexable": true, "summary": "California requires a separate, stand-alone one-semester personal finance course beginning with the graduating class of 2030–31. Public schools, including charter schools, must begin offering the course in 2027–28.", "summarySourceIds": [ "ca-cde-personal-finance", "ca-ab-2927" ], "requirement": { "overallStatuses": [ "standalone_course_required", "graduation_requirement", "pending_or_phased" ], "standaloneCourseRequired": true, "graduationRequirement": true, "creditRequirement": "One semester", "gradeLevels": [ "High school" ], "effectiveDate": "2030-07-01", "effectiveSchoolYear": "Course offering required in 2027–28", "firstGraduatingClass": "2030–31", "assessmentRequired": null, "responsibleAgency": "California Department of Education", "deliveryNotes": "The course must be separate and stand-alone and may not be combined with another course. Beginning with the 2030–31 graduating class, an LEA may exempt a pupil who completes it from the one-semester economics requirement.", "sourceIds": [ "ca-cde-personal-finance", "ca-cde-graduation-faq", "ca-ab-2927" ] }, "standardsDocument": { "title": "California Personal Finance Curriculum Guide", "adoptingAuthority": "California State Board of Education", "adoptionDate": "2026-03-11", "effectiveDate": null, "officialUrl": "https://www.cde.ca.gov/ci/cr/cf/personalfinance.asp", "sourceId": "ca-cde-personal-finance" }, "narrative": [ { "text": "AB 2927 added personal finance to California’s minimum high school graduation requirements. The state distinguishes the future graduation mandate from the earlier date when public schools must make the course available.", "sourceIds": [ "ca-ab-2927", "ca-cde-personal-finance" ] }, { "text": "The State Board of Education adopted a curriculum guide on March 11, 2026. The Department of Education says a professionally edited PDF is expected in fall 2026.", "sourceIds": [ "ca-cde-personal-finance" ] } ], "domains": [ { "name": "Complete required course content", "summary": "California Education Code section 51284.5 requires the state curriculum guide to cover all 13 personal finance topic areas below in the separate high school course.", "standards": [ { "code": "EC §51284.5(a)(1)", "title": "Banking fundamentals", "description": "Understand savings and checking accounts, personal banking services, and ways to manage accounts while minimizing fees.", "gradeOrCourse": "One-semester high school course", "sourceId": "ca-cde-personal-finance", "sourcePage": "Foundational Principles, statutory topic 1" }, { "code": "EC §51284.5(a)(2)", "title": "Budgeting for independent living", "description": "Apply budgeting principles to the income, expenses, and financial tradeoffs involved in living independently.", "gradeOrCourse": "One-semester high school course", "sourceId": "ca-cde-personal-finance", "sourcePage": "Foundational Principles, statutory topic 2" }, { "code": "EC §51284.5(a)(3)", "title": "Employment and net income", "description": "Examine employment, compensation, worker protections, payroll deductions, and other factors that determine take-home income.", "gradeOrCourse": "One-semester high school course", "sourceId": "ca-cde-personal-finance", "sourcePage": "Foundational Principles, statutory topic 3" }, { "code": "EC §51284.5(a)(4)", "title": "Credit, debt, and credit scores", "description": "Understand the uses and effects of credit, how credit scores are managed, and how debt and interest affect financial choices.", "gradeOrCourse": "One-semester high school course", "sourceId": "ca-cde-personal-finance", "sourcePage": "Foundational Principles, statutory topic 4" }, { "code": "EC §51284.5(a)(5)", "title": "Loans and student debt", "description": "Compare the uses and costs of loans, including student loans and programs that may provide student-loan forgiveness.", "gradeOrCourse": "One-semester high school course", "sourceId": "ca-cde-personal-finance", "sourcePage": "Foundational Principles, statutory topic 5" }, { "code": "EC §51284.5(a)(6)", "title": "Insurance", "description": "Evaluate the purposes, types, and costs of insurance, including home, automobile, health, and life coverage.", "gradeOrCourse": "One-semester high school course", "sourceId": "ca-cde-personal-finance", "sourcePage": "Foundational Principles, statutory topic 6" }, { "code": "EC §51284.5(a)(7)", "title": "Taxes, tax forms, and pay stubs", "description": "Understand how taxes affect personal income, how individuals file taxes, and how to read common tax forms and pay stubs.", "gradeOrCourse": "One-semester high school course", "sourceId": "ca-cde-personal-finance", "sourcePage": "Foundational Principles, statutory topic 7" }, { "code": "EC §51284.5(a)(8)", "title": "Investing and building wealth", "description": "Compare ways to build long-term financial security, including pensions, 401(k) plans, IRAs, stocks, bonds, mutual funds, and index funds.", "gradeOrCourse": "One-semester high school course", "sourceId": "ca-cde-personal-finance", "sourcePage": "Foundational Principles, statutory topic 8" }, { "code": "EC §51284.5(a)(9)", "title": "Consumer protection and identity theft", "description": "Build consumer-protection skills by recognizing common scams and fraud and taking steps to prevent identity theft.", "gradeOrCourse": "One-semester high school course", "sourceId": "ca-cde-personal-finance", "sourcePage": "Foundational Principles, statutory topic 9" }, { "code": "EC §51284.5(a)(10)", "title": "Paying for college and career training", "description": "Identify ways to finance college, community college, workforce education, career technical pathways, and apprenticeships through scholarships, aid, savings programs, and student loans.", "gradeOrCourse": "One-semester high school course", "sourceId": "ca-cde-personal-finance", "sourcePage": "Foundational Principles, statutory topic 10" }, { "code": "EC §51284.5(a)(11)", "title": "Financial psychology and well-being", "description": "Examine how habits, emotions, social influences, and decision-making psychology can affect financial well-being.", "gradeOrCourse": "One-semester high school course", "sourceId": "ca-cde-personal-finance", "sourcePage": "Foundational Principles, statutory topic 11" }, { "code": "EC §51284.5(a)(12)", "title": "Charitable giving", "description": "Understand charitable giving as a personal financial decision, including planning, evaluating organizations, and considering tradeoffs.", "gradeOrCourse": "One-semester high school course", "sourceId": "ca-cde-personal-finance", "sourcePage": "Foundational Principles, statutory topic 12" }, { "code": "EC §51284.5(a)(13)", "title": "Other directly relevant personal finance topics", "description": "Address additional practical topics such as buying or leasing a vehicle, renting, homeownership, digital finance, cryptocurrency, predatory lending, and California-specific aid and savings programs.", "gradeOrCourse": "One-semester high school course", "sourceId": "ca-cde-personal-finance", "sourcePage": "Foundational Principles, statutory topic 13" } ] } ], "policyTimeline": [ { "date": "2024-06-29", "event": "AB 2927 was chaptered as Chapter 37, Statutes of 2024.", "sourceId": "ca-ab-2927" }, { "date": "2026-03-11", "event": "The State Board of Education adopted the Personal Finance Curriculum Guide.", "sourceId": "ca-cde-personal-finance" }, { "date": "2027–28", "event": "Public schools, including charter schools, must offer the course.", "sourceId": "ca-cde-personal-finance" }, { "date": "2030–31", "event": "The graduation requirement first applies.", "sourceId": "ca-cde-graduation-faq" } ], "lawsAndRules": [ { "identifier": "AB 2927 (Chapter 37, Statutes of 2024)", "title": "Personal finance education", "summary": "Adds a separate one-semester personal finance course to minimum graduation requirements and establishes the phased implementation schedule.", "officialUrl": "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB2927", "effectiveDate": "2024-06-29", "sourceId": "ca-ab-2927" } ], "educatorNotes": [ { "text": "District planning should treat 2027–28 as the course-availability deadline and 2030–31 as the first graduating cohort covered by the statewide graduation requirement.", "sourceIds": [ "ca-cde-personal-finance" ] } ], "sources": [ { "id": "ca-cde-personal-finance", "title": "Personal Finance — Curriculum Frameworks & Instructional Materials", "authority": "California Department of Education", "url": "https://www.cde.ca.gov/ci/cr/cf/personalfinance.asp", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-19", "isPrimary": true }, { "id": "ca-cde-graduation-faq", "title": "High School Graduation Frequently Asked Questions", "authority": "California Department of Education", "url": "https://www.cde.ca.gov/ci/gs/hs/hsgrfaq.asp", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-19", "isPrimary": true }, { "id": "ca-ab-2927", "title": "AB-2927 Pupil instruction: high school graduation requirements: personal finance", "authority": "California Legislative Information", "url": "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB2927", "sourceType": "bill", "publicationDate": "2024-06-29", "accessedDate": "2026-09-19", "isPrimary": true } ], "faq": [ { "question": "Does California require a stand-alone personal finance course?", "answer": "Yes. Beginning with the 2030–31 graduating class, the state minimum requires a separate, stand-alone one-semester course that is not combined with another course.", "sourceIds": [ "ca-cde-graduation-faq" ] }, { "question": "When must California schools begin offering the course?", "answer": "Public schools, including charter schools, must offer the course during the 2027–28 school year.", "sourceIds": [ "ca-cde-personal-finance" ] } ], "relatedStates": [ "florida" ] }, { "name": "Colorado", "abbreviation": "CO", "slug": "colorado", "jurisdictionType": "state", "lastReviewed": "2026-09-20", "researchStatus": "verified", "indexable": true, "seo": { "title": "Colorado Personal Finance Standards & Requirements", "description": "Learn how Colorado's financial literacy graduation requirement works, what the required course must cover, and how districts may deliver it under official state law.", "socialImage": "/icon-512.png" }, "summary": "Colorado requires public high school students to complete a course containing all of the state's high-school financial literacy standards as a condition of graduation. The requirement is in effect beginning in the 2025-26 school year. Colorado does not require the course to be named financial literacy or delivered as a separate stand-alone class: a district may place all five standards in an existing graduation-required course such as social studies, mathematics, or economics. State law does not assign a uniform credit amount.", "summarySourceIds": [ "co-hb1192", "co-fact-sheet", "co-standards" ], "requirement": { "overallStatuses": [ "graduation_requirement", "integrated_requirement" ], "standaloneCourseRequired": false, "graduationRequirement": true, "creditRequirement": "Completion of one locally designated graduation-required course containing all high-school financial literacy standards; no statewide credit amount specified", "gradeLevels": [ "High school" ], "effectiveDate": "2025-08-06", "effectiveSchoolYear": "2025-26", "firstGraduatingClass": null, "assessmentRequired": null, "responsibleAgency": "Colorado Department of Education", "deliveryNotes": "All five high-school standards must be taught within one course required for graduation. A district may use an existing required course or a stand-alone financial literacy course and retains broad discretion over implementation and which existing local requirement the course fulfills.", "sourceIds": [ "co-hb1192", "co-fact-sheet", "co-cde-finlit" ] }, "standardsDocument": { "title": "Colorado Academic Standards: Financial Literacy", "adoptingAuthority": "Colorado State Board of Education", "adoptionDate": "2022-11", "effectiveDate": null, "officialUrl": "https://ed.cde.state.co.us/fs/resource-manager/view/95f241f6-f71b-4cc7-80b3-45495d8e4eb0", "sourceId": "co-standards" }, "narrative": [ { "text": "Colorado's financial literacy graduation requirement is a course-completion rule, not merely a set of optional learning standards. HB 25-1192 amended state law to direct each school district to incorporate all high-school financial literacy standards into a course that every student must complete to graduate.", "sourceIds": [ "co-hb1192", "co-fact-sheet" ] }, { "text": "The required course does not have to be called financial literacy. Colorado Department of Education guidance says districts may use an existing graduation requirement, including social studies, mathematics, or economics, as long as one course contains all five high-school standards. A district may instead create a stand-alone required financial literacy course.", "sourceIds": [ "co-fact-sheet", "co-cde-finlit" ] }, { "text": "Colorado's 2022 standards make personal financial literacy a separate social studies standard. At high school, the five expectations address reliable decision-making, income and career preparation, budgeting and credit, investing, and risk management. The standards were adopted in November 2022 and scheduled for district implementation by fall 2024.", "sourceIds": [ "co-standards" ] }, { "text": "The course requirement is in effect for the 2025-26 school year, but the law does not establish a statewide credit value or name a first graduating class. Beginning in 2027-28, each student's Individual Career and Academic Plan must also include exposure to financial-aid eligibility tools and practice completing the FAFSA or Colorado state-aid application, subject to statutory exceptions.", "sourceIds": [ "co-hb1192", "co-fact-sheet" ] } ], "domains": [ { "name": "High-school personal financial literacy standards", "summary": "HB 25-1192 requires all five high-school standards to be taught within a single course required for graduation.", "standards": [ { "code": "FL.HS.5.1", "title": "Reliable financial decision-making", "description": "Apply reliable information to systematic personal financial decisions; recognize consequences and responsibilities, protect personal information, keep financial records, and compare institutions and products.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school graduation-required course", "sourceId": "co-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 19" }, { "code": "FL.HS.5.2", "title": "Income, careers, and postsecondary choices", "description": "Analyze income sources, economic conditions, education and training costs, financial aid, student-loan repayment, employee benefits, and sustainable household income across career choices.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school graduation-required course", "sourceId": "co-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 20-21" }, { "code": "FL.HS.5.3", "title": "Budgeting, spending, saving, and borrowing", "description": "Apply consumer skills to budgets, inflation, saving, credit histories, borrowing choices, payment accounts, and major purchase or lease decisions.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school graduation-required course", "sourceId": "co-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 22-23" }, { "code": "FL.HS.5.4", "title": "Investing for financial goals", "description": "Explore diversified investment strategies aligned with goals, risk tolerance, life stage, retirement choices, and changing market conditions.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school graduation-required course", "sourceId": "co-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 24" }, { "code": "FL.HS.5.5", "title": "Risk management and consumer protection", "description": "Choose strategies addressing lost income, damaged property, health costs, insurance, identity fraud, data protection, consumer rights, and financial information credibility.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school graduation-required course", "sourceId": "co-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 25-26" } ] } ], "policyTimeline": [ { "date": "2022-11", "event": "The State Board adopted the current Colorado Academic Standards for personal financial literacy.", "sourceId": "co-standards" }, { "date": "Fall 2024", "event": "District implementation of the 2022 social studies standards was expected by fall 2024.", "sourceId": "co-standards" }, { "date": "2025-05-23", "event": "The governor signed HB 25-1192.", "sourceId": "co-hb1192" }, { "date": "2025-08-06", "event": "HB 25-1192 took effect, with the course requirement operating in the 2025-26 school year.", "sourceId": "co-hb1192" }, { "date": "2027-28", "event": "The financial-aid exposure and application-practice component becomes part of each student's ICAP, with allowed opt-outs and feasibility exceptions.", "sourceId": "co-hb1192" } ], "lawsAndRules": [ { "identifier": "HB 25-1192 / C.R.S. § 22-32-135(4)", "title": "Financial Literacy Graduation Requirement", "summary": "Requires districts to incorporate all high-school financial literacy standards into one course required for graduation while preserving local control over course design and placement.", "officialUrl": "https://content.leg.colorado.gov/sites/default/files/documents/2025A/bills/2025a_1192_enr.pdf", "effectiveDate": "2025-08-06", "sourceId": "co-hb1192" } ], "educatorNotes": [ { "text": "Place all five high-school financial literacy standards in one graduation-required course. The course may be an existing requirement or a new stand-alone class, but distributing the standards across unrelated courses would not match CDE's single-course guidance.", "sourceIds": [ "co-fact-sheet", "co-standards" ] }, { "text": "Colorado does not prescribe a statewide textbook, curriculum, course name, or credit value for this requirement. Districts choose materials and determine which local graduation requirement the course fulfills.", "sourceIds": [ "co-fact-sheet", "co-cde-finlit" ] } ], "sources": [ { "id": "co-hb1192", "title": "HB25-1192 Financial Literacy Graduation Requirement, Enrolled Act", "authority": "Colorado General Assembly", "url": "https://content.leg.colorado.gov/sites/default/files/documents/2025A/bills/2025a_1192_enr.pdf", "sourceType": "bill", "publicationDate": "2025-05-23", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Sections 1 and 3; C.R.S. § 22-32-135(4); effective-date clause", "supports": [ "enactment", "effective date", "graduation-required course", "district discretion", "2027-28 ICAP requirement" ], "excerpt": "The act requires each school district board of education to incorporate all the financial literacy standards into a course that is required for high school graduation." }, { "id": "co-fact-sheet", "title": "House Bill 25-1192, Financial Literacy Requirements", "authority": "Colorado Department of Education", "url": "https://www.cde.state.co.us/cofinancialliteracy/hb25-1192-fact-sheet", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2025-11-13", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "PDF pages 1-2, Overview and Requirements", "supports": [ "2025-26 implementation", "single-course rule", "integrated delivery", "stand-alone option", "local discretion" ], "excerpt": "All the high school financial literacy standards must be taught within a single course, but that course is not required to be called financial literacy." }, { "id": "co-standards", "title": "Colorado Academic Standards: Financial Literacy", "authority": "Colorado Department of Education", "url": "https://ed.cde.state.co.us/fs/resource-manager/view/95f241f6-f71b-4cc7-80b3-45495d8e4eb0", "sourceType": "standards", "publicationDate": "2023-01", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Adoption and implementation statement, PDF pages 1 and 5; high-school standards FL.HS.5.1-FL.HS.5.5, PDF pages 19-26", "supports": [ "November 2022 adoption", "fall 2024 implementation", "complete high-school standards", "five grade-level expectations" ], "excerpt": "The social studies standards were revised and then approved by the State Board of Education in November 2022, and districts will be expected to implement them by the fall of 2024." }, { "id": "co-cde-finlit", "title": "Financial Literacy", "authority": "Colorado Department of Education", "url": "https://ed.cde.state.co.us/cofinancialliteracy", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Required High School Financial Literacy Course; Financial Literacy Standards; Curriculum Support", "supports": [ "current requirement overview", "standards context", "local curriculum authority" ], "excerpt": "High schools shall incorporate all the financial literacy standards into a course that is required for high school graduation." }, { "id": "co-graduation-guidelines", "title": "Graduation Guidelines", "authority": "Colorado Department of Education", "url": "https://ed.cde.state.co.us/postsecondary/graduationguidelines", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Purpose, local graduation requirements, and Menu of Options", "supports": [ "local graduation framework", "district implementation responsibility" ], "excerpt": "Graduation Guidelines ... outline the minimum components, expectations, and responsibilities of local districts and the state." } ], "faq": [ { "question": "Does Colorado require financial literacy to graduate?", "answer": "Yes. Beginning in the 2025-26 school year, students must complete a graduation-required course that contains all five Colorado high-school financial literacy standards.", "sourceIds": [ "co-hb1192", "co-fact-sheet" ] }, { "question": "Does Colorado require a stand-alone personal finance course?", "answer": "No. Districts may create a stand-alone course, but they may also place all five standards in one existing course already required for graduation, such as mathematics, social studies, or economics.", "sourceIds": [ "co-fact-sheet" ] }, { "question": "How much personal finance credit does Colorado require?", "answer": "State law requires completion of a course but does not specify a statewide credit amount. Local districts determine the course structure and which existing graduation requirement it fulfills.", "sourceIds": [ "co-hb1192", "co-fact-sheet" ] }, { "question": "What do Colorado's high-school financial literacy standards cover?", "answer": "The five standards cover informed financial decisions, income and career preparation, budgeting and credit, investing, and risk management with consumer protection.", "sourceIds": [ "co-standards" ] }, { "question": "When does Colorado's financial-aid planning requirement begin?", "answer": "Beginning in 2027-28, a student's ICAP must include exposure to financial-aid eligibility tools and practice completing the FAFSA or Colorado state-aid application unless an allowed opt-out or feasibility exception applies.", "sourceIds": [ "co-hb1192", "co-fact-sheet" ] } ], "relatedStates": [] }, { "name": "Connecticut", "abbreviation": "CT", "slug": "connecticut", "jurisdictionType": "state", "lastReviewed": "2026-09-20", "researchStatus": "verified", "indexable": true, "seo": { "title": "Connecticut Personal Finance Standards & Requirements", "description": "Connecticut requires 0.5 credit in personal financial management and financial literacy for the class of 2027 and later, with several approved delivery pathways.", "socialImage": "/icon-512.png" }, "summary": "Connecticut requires students in the graduating class of 2027 and later to earn one-half credit in personal financial management and financial literacy. The credit may count toward humanities, science, technology, engineering and mathematics, or electives within the state's 25-credit minimum. Connecticut does not mandate one universal stand-alone course: districts may use aligned existing courses, mastery-based learning, capstones, work-based learning, independent study, online coursework, or other approved credit-bearing pathways.", "summarySourceIds": [ "ct-statute", "ct-csde", "ct-standards" ], "requirement": { "overallStatuses": [ "graduation_requirement", "integrated_requirement" ], "standaloneCourseRequired": false, "graduationRequirement": true, "creditRequirement": "0.5 credit", "gradeLevels": [ "High school" ], "effectiveDate": "2023-07-01", "effectiveSchoolYear": null, "firstGraduatingClass": "2027", "assessmentRequired": null, "responsibleAgency": "Connecticut State Department of Education", "deliveryNotes": "The required subject credit may count toward humanities, STEM, or electives. CSDE permits aligned existing courses and multiple mastery-, work-, online-, and experience-based pathways, so no universal stand-alone course is required.", "sourceIds": [ "ct-statute", "ct-act", "ct-csde" ] }, "standardsDocument": { "title": "Connecticut Standards for Personal Financial Management & Financial Literacy", "adoptingAuthority": "Connecticut State Board of Education", "adoptionDate": "2022-05-04", "effectiveDate": null, "officialUrl": "https://portal.ct.gov/-/media/sde/cte/ct-standards-for-personal-financial-management--financial-literacy-performance-elements-and-indicato.pdf", "sourceId": "ct-standards" }, "narrative": [ { "text": "Connecticut's financial literacy law establishes a student-completion and graduation requirement, not merely a local course-offering obligation. Beginning with the class of 2027, students must earn one-half credit in personal financial management and financial literacy as part of the statewide 25-credit diploma minimum.", "sourceIds": [ "ct-statute", "ct-act" ] }, { "text": "The half credit may be applied to humanities, science, technology, engineering and mathematics, or electives. This flexibility changes where the credit is counted but does not eliminate the required personal finance subject credit or add another half credit to the 25-credit total.", "sourceIds": [ "ct-statute" ] }, { "text": "Connecticut's State Board of Education adopted the current personal financial management and financial literacy standards on May 4, 2022. The standards contain 34 performance indicators spanning money, taxes, budgeting, banking, credit, investing, insurance, postsecondary financing, retirement, and consumer protection.", "sourceIds": [ "ct-board", "ct-standards" ] }, { "text": "The requirement is not a universal stand-alone-course mandate. CSDE identifies multiple possible course codes and permits credit through aligned existing courses, mastery-based learning, capstones, online coursework, independent study, work-based learning, and postsecondary articulation. The controlling graduation requirement remains Connecticut General Statutes section 10-221a as amended by Public Act 23-21.", "sourceIds": [ "ct-csde", "ct-statute", "ct-act" ] } ], "domains": [ { "name": "Personal financial management and financial literacy standards", "summary": "The State Board's adopted framework contains the following 34 performance indicators for Connecticut's personal financial management and financial literacy instruction.", "standards": [ { "code": "FI:058", "title": "Forms of financial exchange", "description": "Explain common forms of financial exchange and how consumers use them.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial management and financial literacy", "sourceId": "ct-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 1" }, { "code": "FI:059", "title": "Types of currency", "description": "Identify forms of currency used in financial transactions.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial management and financial literacy", "sourceId": "ct-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 1" }, { "code": "FI:060", "title": "Functions of money", "description": "Describe money's functions as a medium of exchange, unit of account, and store of value.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial management and financial literacy", "sourceId": "ct-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 1" }, { "code": "FI:061", "title": "Income and compensation", "description": "Describe sources of income and compensation and how work choices affect earnings.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial management and financial literacy", "sourceId": "ct-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 1-2" }, { "code": "FI:062", "title": "Time value of money", "description": "Explain how time, interest, and compounding change the value of money.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial management and financial literacy", "sourceId": "ct-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 2" }, { "code": "FI:002", "title": "Purpose and importance of credit", "description": "Explain why consumers use credit and how credit affects financial choices.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial management and financial literacy", "sourceId": "ct-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 2" }, { "code": "FI:063", "title": "Legal responsibilities for financial products", "description": "Explain consumer legal responsibilities associated with financial products and services.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial management and financial literacy", "sourceId": "ct-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 2" }, { "code": "FI:270", "title": "Saving and investing", "description": "Explain the need to save and invest for future goals and financial security.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial management and financial literacy", "sourceId": "ct-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" }, { "code": "FI:065", "title": "Financial goals", "description": "Set measurable financial goals and connect them to planning decisions.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial management and financial literacy", "sourceId": "ct-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" }, { "code": "FI:066", "title": "Personal budget", "description": "Develop a personal budget that accounts for income, expenses, saving, and priorities.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial management and financial literacy", "sourceId": "ct-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" }, { "code": "FI:562", "title": "Personal net worth", "description": "Determine personal net worth by comparing assets and liabilities.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial management and financial literacy", "sourceId": "ct-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" }, { "code": "FI:067", "title": "Tax liabilities", "description": "Explain the nature of tax liabilities and their effect on personal income.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial management and financial literacy", "sourceId": "ct-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 3-4" }, { "code": "FI:068", "title": "Pay stubs", "description": "Interpret earnings, deductions, and net pay shown on a pay stub.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial management and financial literacy", "sourceId": "ct-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "FI:560", "title": "Writing checks", "description": "Correctly prepare checks and related payment records.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial management and financial literacy", "sourceId": "ct-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "FI:069", "title": "Financial records", "description": "Maintain personal financial records for informed money management.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial management and financial literacy", "sourceId": "ct-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "FI:070", "title": "Balancing an account", "description": "Balance a bank account by reconciling personal and institution records.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial management and financial literacy", "sourceId": "ct-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "FI:567", "title": "Charitable giving", "description": "Explain the nature of charitable giving and its place in a financial plan.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial management and financial literacy", "sourceId": "ct-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 5" }, { "code": "FI:782", "title": "Cost of credit", "description": "Calculate the cost of credit, including interest and fees.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial management and financial literacy", "sourceId": "ct-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 5" }, { "code": "FI:071", "title": "Wise use of credit", "description": "Demonstrate responsible use of credit and borrowing.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial management and financial literacy", "sourceId": "ct-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 5" }, { "code": "FI:072", "title": "Credit history", "description": "Validate and monitor credit history and recognize its financial consequences.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial management and financial literacy", "sourceId": "ct-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 5" }, { "code": "FI:783", "title": "Responsible financial decisions", "description": "Use relevant information and tradeoffs to make responsible financial decisions.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial management and financial literacy", "sourceId": "ct-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 5-6" }, { "code": "FI:073", "title": "Identity-theft protection", "description": "Protect personal and financial information against identity theft.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial management and financial literacy", "sourceId": "ct-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" }, { "code": "FI:565", "title": "Paying bills", "description": "Apply reliable practices for paying bills accurately and on time.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial management and financial literacy", "sourceId": "ct-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" }, { "code": "FI:625", "title": "Consumer loans", "description": "Apply for a consumer loan and evaluate terms and borrower obligations.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial management and financial literacy", "sourceId": "ct-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" }, { "code": "FI:568", "title": "Debt control", "description": "Use strategies to control, reduce, and avoid unmanageable debt.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial management and financial literacy", "sourceId": "ct-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 6-7" }, { "code": "FI:074", "title": "Income-tax forms", "description": "Prepare basic personal income-tax forms using appropriate records.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial management and financial literacy", "sourceId": "ct-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 7" }, { "code": "FI:831", "title": "Financing college", "description": "Discuss grants, scholarships, savings, work, and borrowing options for college.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial management and financial literacy", "sourceId": "ct-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 7" }, { "code": "FI:569", "title": "Retirement planning", "description": "Discuss retirement-planning needs and common sources of retirement income.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial management and financial literacy", "sourceId": "ct-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 7-8" }, { "code": "FI:075", "title": "Financial-service providers", "description": "Describe types of financial-service providers and their roles.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial management and financial literacy", "sourceId": "ct-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 8" }, { "code": "FI:076", "title": "Selecting a provider", "description": "Discuss costs, services, protections, and access when choosing a financial-service provider.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial management and financial literacy", "sourceId": "ct-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 8" }, { "code": "FI:077", "title": "Investments", "description": "Explain common types of investments and their risk, return, and liquidity characteristics.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial management and financial literacy", "sourceId": "ct-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 8-9" }, { "code": "FI:081", "title": "Insurance", "description": "Describe insurance as a tool for transferring and managing financial risk.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial management and financial literacy", "sourceId": "ct-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 9" }, { "code": "FI:571", "title": "Insurance needs", "description": "Determine appropriate insurance needs based on risks, responsibilities, and life stage.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial management and financial literacy", "sourceId": "ct-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 9" }, { "code": "PD:154", "title": "Personal banking services", "description": "Describe personal banking products and services used to manage money.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial management and financial literacy", "sourceId": "ct-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 9" } ] } ], "policyTimeline": [ { "date": "2022-05-04", "event": "The State Board of Education adopted Connecticut's personal financial management and financial literacy standards.", "sourceId": "ct-board" }, { "date": "2023-07-20", "event": "The governor signed Public Act 23-21, adding the half-credit graduation requirement.", "sourceId": "ct-governor" }, { "date": "2024-03", "event": "CSDE published implementation guidance describing flexible course and mastery-based pathways for the required half credit.", "sourceId": "ct-csde" }, { "date": "Class of 2027", "event": "The half-credit personal financial management and financial literacy graduation requirement first applies.", "sourceId": "ct-statute" } ], "lawsAndRules": [ { "identifier": "Conn. Gen. Stat. § 10-221a(d); Public Act 23-21", "title": "High school graduation credit requirements", "summary": "Requires students in the class of 2027 and later to complete one-half credit in personal financial management and financial literacy, countable toward humanities, STEM, or electives.", "officialUrl": "https://www.cga.ct.gov/current/PUB/chap_170.htm#sec_10-221a", "effectiveDate": "2023-07-01", "sourceId": "ct-statute" } ], "educatorNotes": [ { "text": "Schedule the required half credit for students graduating in 2027 and later, and document whether it is applied to humanities, STEM, or elective credit within the 25-credit minimum.", "sourceIds": [ "ct-statute", "ct-csde" ] }, { "text": "Use the State Board-adopted performance indicators as the standards framework; the CSDE model course and resource kit are implementation supports rather than a substitute for the statutory credit requirement.", "sourceIds": [ "ct-standards", "ct-csde" ] } ], "sources": [ { "id": "ct-statute", "title": "Chapter 170, Boards of Education: Section 10-221a", "authority": "Connecticut General Assembly", "url": "https://www.cga.ct.gov/current/PUB/chap_170.htm#sec_10-221a", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": "2026", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "§ 10-221a(d), minimum credits and class-of-2027 provision", "supports": [ "graduation requirement", "half credit", "first affected class", "humanities, STEM, or elective treatment", "25-credit total" ], "excerpt": "For classes graduating in 2027 and thereafter, at least one-half credit in personal financial management and financial literacy." }, { "id": "ct-act", "title": "Public Act No. 23-21, An Act Concerning Financial Literacy Instruction", "authority": "Connecticut General Assembly", "url": "https://cga.ct.gov/2023/ACT/PA/PDF/2023PA-00021-R00SB-01165-PA.PDF", "sourceType": "bill", "publicationDate": "2023-07-20", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Sections 1-2, amendments to § 10-221a; effective-date clause", "supports": [ "enactment", "July 1, 2023 effective date", "half-credit requirement", "class of 2027", "credit placement" ], "excerpt": "For classes graduating in 2027 and thereafter ... one-half credit in personal financial management and financial literacy." }, { "id": "ct-csde", "title": "CSDE Financial Literacy Course Kit: Guidance for Design, Development, and Implementation", "authority": "Connecticut State Department of Education", "url": "https://portal.ct.gov/-/media/sde/cte/coursekit_financialliteracy.pdf", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2024-03", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "PDF pages 1-3, statutory requirement, possible course codes, accumulation of credit, and flexible pathways", "supports": [ "agency implementation guidance", "half credit", "class of 2027", "integrated and alternative delivery", "local course design" ], "excerpt": "Local and regional boards of education may grant a student credit ... through 40-minute periods, college credit, online coursework, or demonstration of mastery." }, { "id": "ct-standards", "title": "Connecticut Standards for Personal Financial Management & Financial Literacy", "authority": "Connecticut State Department of Education", "url": "https://portal.ct.gov/-/media/sde/cte/ct-standards-for-personal-financial-management--financial-literacy-performance-elements-and-indicato.pdf", "sourceType": "standards", "publicationDate": "2022-05-04", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "PDF pages 1-9, performance indicators FI:058 through PD:154", "supports": [ "complete standards framework", "performance indicators", "content coverage" ], "excerpt": "CONNECTICUT Standards for Personal Financial Management & Financial Literacy Performance Elements & Indicators." }, { "id": "ct-board", "title": "May 4, 2022 State Board of Education Meeting", "authority": "Connecticut State Board of Education", "url": "https://portal.ct.gov/sde/board/state-board-of-education-meetings/2022-board-and-committee-meetings", "sourceType": "board_action", "publicationDate": "2022-05-04", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "May 4, 2022 agenda, Adoption of MBA Research Standards", "supports": [ "standards adoption date", "adopting authority" ], "excerpt": "Adoption of MBA Research Standards for Business Management and Administration, Finance, and Marketing." }, { "id": "ct-governor", "title": "Governor Lamont Signs Legislation Requiring Completion of Personal Financial Management Course", "authority": "Office of Governor Ned Lamont", "url": "https://portal.ct.gov/governor/news/press-releases/2023/07-2023/governor-lamont-signs-legislation-requiring-completion-of-personal-financial-management-course", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2023-07-20", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Announcement of Public Act 23-21 and diploma-credit treatment", "supports": [ "signing date", "half-credit course", "class of 2027", "no increase to 25 credits" ], "excerpt": "The requirement begins with the class of 2027 and does not increase the total number of credits needed to graduate." } ], "faq": [ { "question": "Does Connecticut require financial literacy to graduate?", "answer": "Yes. Students in the graduating class of 2027 and later must earn one-half credit in personal financial management and financial literacy.", "sourceIds": [ "ct-statute", "ct-act" ] }, { "question": "Does Connecticut require a stand-alone personal finance course?", "answer": "No. Connecticut requires a defined half credit in the subject, but CSDE permits aligned existing courses and several mastery-, work-, online-, and experience-based pathways.", "sourceIds": [ "ct-statute", "ct-csde" ] }, { "question": "Does the Connecticut requirement add to the total credits needed for graduation?", "answer": "No. The state minimum remains 25 credits because the half credit can count toward humanities, STEM, or electives.", "sourceIds": [ "ct-statute" ] }, { "question": "When did Connecticut adopt its financial literacy standards?", "answer": "The State Board of Education adopted the personal financial management and financial literacy standards on May 4, 2022.", "sourceIds": [ "ct-board", "ct-standards" ] }, { "question": "What do Connecticut's personal finance standards cover?", "answer": "The 34 indicators cover money and income, taxes, banking, budgeting, credit, debt, identity theft, college financing, retirement, investing, insurance, charitable giving, and financial-service providers.", "sourceIds": [ "ct-standards" ] } ], "relatedStates": [] }, { "name": "Delaware", "abbreviation": "DE", "slug": "delaware", "jurisdictionType": "state", "lastReviewed": "2026-09-20", "researchStatus": "verified", "indexable": true, "seo": { "title": "Delaware Personal Finance Standards & Requirements", "description": "Delaware requires a half credit in financial literacy for students entering grade 9 in 2026-27. Review both course pathways, all high school standards, and official state sources.", "socialImage": "/icon-512.png" }, "summary": "Delaware requires students entering grade 9 in the 2026-27 school year or later to complete one-half credit in financial literacy for a high school diploma. The credit may be earned through a course aligned only to Delaware's financial literacy standards or through a one-credit economics course aligned to both the financial literacy and economics standards. Because the combined option is permitted, Delaware does not impose a universal stand-alone personal finance course requirement.", "summarySourceIds": [ "de-statute", "de-final-rule", "de-rule-text" ], "requirement": { "overallStatuses": [ "graduation_requirement", "integrated_requirement", "pending_or_phased" ], "standaloneCourseRequired": false, "graduationRequirement": true, "creditRequirement": "0.5 credit", "gradeLevels": [ "High school" ], "effectiveDate": "2025-09-19", "effectiveSchoolYear": "Students entering grade 9 in 2026-27 and later", "firstGraduatingClass": null, "assessmentRequired": true, "responsibleAgency": "Delaware Department of Education", "deliveryNotes": "Students may complete a course aligned solely to the Financial Literacy Content Standards, counted within electives, or a one-credit economics course aligned to both the Financial Literacy and Social Studies Economics standards, counted within social studies. The statute requires standards-aligned curriculum that includes assessments, but it does not establish a statewide end-of-course assessment.", "sourceIds": [ "de-statute", "de-final-rule", "de-rule-text" ] }, "standardsDocument": { "title": "Delaware K-12 Financial Literacy Standards", "adoptingAuthority": "Delaware State Board of Education", "adoptionDate": "2018-01", "effectiveDate": null, "officialUrl": "https://education.delaware.gov/legacy/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2024/06/de_final_k-12_fin_lit_standards_jan_2018.pdf", "sourceId": "de-standards" }, "narrative": [ { "text": "Delaware's financial literacy requirement is a student-completion and graduation rule. For students entering grade 9 in 2026-27 or later, a district or charter school must provide at least one-half credit and the student must successfully complete that credit within the state's existing 24-credit diploma structure.", "sourceIds": [ "de-statute", "de-final-rule", "de-rule-text" ] }, { "text": "The requirement does not force every student into a stand-alone personal finance course. Regulation 505 provides two pathways: a financial-literacy-only course that counts as an elective, or a one-credit course aligned to both financial literacy and economics that counts toward social studies. A financial-literacy-only course cannot be used for the social studies credit.", "sourceIds": [ "de-rule-text", "de-final-rule" ] }, { "text": "A student who enrolls in a Delaware public high school from an out-of-state school or a Delaware nonpublic school on or after October 1 of grade 12 is exempt from the financial literacy credit, but must still meet the other diploma requirements and earn at least 24 total credits.", "sourceIds": [ "de-rule-text", "de-final-rule" ] }, { "text": "Delaware's State Board approved K-12 Financial Literacy Standards in January 2018. At the high school level, seven expectations cover financial planning and decisions, money management and credit, saving and investing, risk management, and consumer law. The 2025 statute now requires the half credit to align with these standards.", "sourceIds": [ "de-standards-page", "de-standards", "de-statute" ] } ], "domains": [ { "name": "Financial Planning and Decision-Making", "summary": "High school students assess the consequences of financial choices and create a plan that connects earning, spending, and saving to personal goals.", "standards": [ { "code": "Standard 1, 9-12a", "title": "Students will apply problem-solving strategies to assess the…", "description": "Students will apply problem-solving strategies to assess the consequences of financial decisions.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "de-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 1" }, { "code": "Standard 1, 9-12b", "title": "Students will create an overall financial plan for earning, spending,…", "description": "Students will create an overall financial plan for earning, spending, and saving in order to achieve personal goals.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "de-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 1" } ] }, { "name": "Money Management", "summary": "Students compare payment choices and examine how repayment ability and credit history affect financial opportunities.", "standards": [ { "code": "Standard 2, 9-12a", "title": "Students will evaluate the costs and benefits of various payment options…", "description": "Students will evaluate the costs and benefits of various payment options while applying the mechanics of money management.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "de-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 2" }, { "code": "Standard 2, 9-12b", "title": "Students will examine how ability to pay and personal credit history…", "description": "Students will examine how ability to pay and personal credit history influences an individual's financial opportunities and choices.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "de-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 2" } ] }, { "name": "Saving and Investing", "summary": "Students evaluate how government and financial markets shape saving and investment decisions.", "standards": [ { "code": "Standard 3, 9-12", "title": "Students will evaluate the role of the government and financial markets…", "description": "Students will evaluate the role of the government and financial markets in savings and investment decisions.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "de-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" } ] }, { "name": "Risk Protection", "summary": "Students compare methods of managing financial risk and analyze how laws and regulations affect consumers.", "standards": [ { "code": "Standard 4, 9-12a", "title": "Students will analyze costs and benefits of various methods of managing risk", "description": "Students will analyze costs and benefits of various methods of managing risk.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "de-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "Standard 4, 9-12b", "title": "Students will analyze how local, state, and federal laws and regulations…", "description": "Students will analyze how local, state, and federal laws and regulations affect consumers.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "de-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" } ] } ], "policyTimeline": [ { "date": "2018-01", "event": "The State Board of Education approved Delaware's K-12 Financial Literacy Standards.", "sourceId": "de-standards-page" }, { "date": "2025-09-19", "event": "House Substitute 1 for House Bill 203, as amended by Senate Amendment 1, became law and created the half-credit graduation requirement.", "sourceId": "de-session-law" }, { "date": "2026-09-11", "event": "The final amendments to Regulation 505 took effect ten days after publication, establishing the course pathways and transfer exception.", "sourceId": "de-final-rule" }, { "date": "2026-27", "event": "The requirement begins with students entering grade 9 in this school year.", "sourceId": "de-statute" } ], "lawsAndRules": [ { "identifier": "14 Del. C. § 4152", "title": "Financial literacy education as a required half credit", "summary": "Requires districts and charter schools serving high school students to provide at least one-half credit and requires covered students to complete it within social studies or elective diploma credits.", "officialUrl": "https://www.delcode.delaware.gov/title14/c041/sc01/index.html#4152", "effectiveDate": "2025-09-19", "sourceId": "de-statute" }, { "identifier": "14 DE Admin. Code 505", "title": "High School Graduation Requirements and Diplomas", "summary": "Implements the half-credit requirement through either a financial-literacy-only course or a combined economics course and provides a limited late-transfer exemption.", "officialUrl": "https://regulations.delaware.gov/AdminCode/title14/500/505.shtml", "effectiveDate": "2026-09-11", "sourceId": "de-final-rule" } ], "educatorNotes": [ { "text": "Plan for every student entering grade 9 in 2026-27 or later to earn the half credit unless the grade-12 late-transfer exception applies.", "sourceIds": [ "de-statute", "de-rule-text" ] }, { "text": "A financial-literacy-only course counts within electives. A combined one-credit course must align to both the financial literacy and economics standards to count within social studies.", "sourceIds": [ "de-rule-text", "de-final-rule" ] }, { "text": "The local curriculum must align to the current Delaware Financial Literacy Standards and include assessments; the statute does not prescribe a statewide end-of-course exam.", "sourceIds": [ "de-statute", "de-standards" ] } ], "sources": [ { "id": "de-statute", "title": "14 Del. C. § 4152: Financial literacy education as a required half credit", "authority": "Delaware General Assembly", "url": "https://www.delcode.delaware.gov/title14/c041/sc01/index.html#4152", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": "2025-09-19", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Subsections (b), (c), (e), and (f)", "supports": [ "half-credit requirement", "2026-27 grade-nine cohort", "graduation requirement", "standards alignment", "assessments" ], "excerpt": "Beginning with students entering grade 9 in the 2026 through 2027 school year, students must successfully complete a half credit in financial literacy." }, { "id": "de-session-law", "title": "85 Del. Laws, Chapter 224: HS 1 for HB 203, as amended by SA 1", "authority": "Delaware General Assembly", "url": "https://legis.delaware.gov/SessionLaws/Chapter?id=42387", "sourceType": "bill", "publicationDate": "2025-09-19", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Section 1, new 14 Del. C. § 4152", "supports": [ "enactment", "half credit", "grade-nine cohort", "social studies or elective credit" ], "excerpt": "Students must successfully complete a half credit in financial literacy as part of the social studies or elective credits required to receive a high school diploma." }, { "id": "de-final-rule", "title": "Final Order: 505 High School Graduation Requirements and Diplomas", "authority": "Delaware Department of Education and State Board of Education", "url": "https://regulations.delaware.gov/api/register/September2026/3c0b68f1-74f8-45f1-9df0-57d9922813a9", "sourceType": "regulation", "publicationDate": "2026-09-01", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "30 DE Reg. 144, PDF pages 46-47", "supports": [ "final adoption", "September 11 effective date", "June 2026 re-proposal adopted without change" ], "excerpt": "The effective date of this Order shall be ten days from the date this Order is published in the Register of Regulations." }, { "id": "de-rule-text", "title": "Re-proposed Regulation 505: High School Graduation Requirements and Diplomas", "authority": "Delaware Department of Education", "url": "https://regulations.delaware.gov/api/register/June2026/f39490be-2a48-420b-a3c6-9c75392db0b2", "sourceType": "regulation", "publicationDate": "2026-06-01", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "29 DE Reg. 960-962 and incorporated Regulation 505 sections 7.1 and 7.3.5", "supports": [ "course pathways", "credit placement", "24-credit total", "late-transfer exception", "local scheduling flexibility" ], "excerpt": "Students may fulfill the half credit in Financial Literacy requirement by either completing a course aligned solely to the State Content Standards for Financial Literacy or completing a one credit course aligned to both the State Content Standards of Financial Literacy and the Social Studies Content Standards in Economics." }, { "id": "de-standards", "title": "Delaware K-12 Financial Literacy Standards", "authority": "Delaware Department of Education", "url": "https://education.delaware.gov/legacy/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2024/06/de_final_k-12_fin_lit_standards_jan_2018.pdf", "sourceType": "standards", "publicationDate": "2018-01", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "PDF pages 1-4, high school expectations 9-12 and 9-12a-b", "supports": [ "complete high school standards", "four domains", "seven expectations" ], "excerpt": "Financial Literacy Standard One: Students will set financial goals and create financial plans to meet those goals." }, { "id": "de-standards-page", "title": "Delaware K-12 Financial Literacy Standards", "authority": "Delaware Department of Education", "url": "https://education.delaware.gov/legacy/home/instruction-and-assessment/standards-and-instruction/financial-literacy-standards/", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2023-10-12", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Standards overview and adoption statement", "supports": [ "January 2018 State Board approval", "local curriculum resources", "professional learning" ], "excerpt": "In January 2018, the Delaware State Board of Education approved Financial Literacy Standards for grades K-12." } ], "faq": [ { "question": "Does Delaware require financial literacy to graduate?", "answer": "Yes. Students entering grade 9 in 2026-27 or later must successfully complete one-half credit in financial literacy for a Delaware high school diploma, subject to a limited exception for certain students who enter a Delaware public school late in grade 12.", "sourceIds": [ "de-statute", "de-rule-text" ] }, { "question": "Does Delaware require a stand-alone personal finance course?", "answer": "No. A student may take a course aligned only to the financial literacy standards or a one-credit economics course aligned to both the financial literacy and economics standards.", "sourceIds": [ "de-rule-text", "de-final-rule" ] }, { "question": "Where does Delaware's financial literacy credit count?", "answer": "The financial-literacy-only pathway counts within elective credits. The combined financial literacy and economics pathway counts within the social studies requirement. The state minimum remains 24 total credits.", "sourceIds": [ "de-rule-text" ] }, { "question": "Which Delaware students first have to complete the half credit?", "answer": "The rule begins with students entering grade 9 in the 2026-27 school year. The official statute and rule identify the entry cohort rather than naming a graduating class, so this record does not infer one.", "sourceIds": [ "de-statute", "de-rule-text" ] }, { "question": "What do Delaware's high school financial literacy standards cover?", "answer": "The seven high school expectations cover financial planning and decision-making, money management and credit history, saving and investing, risk management, and consumer laws and regulations.", "sourceIds": [ "de-standards" ] } ], "relatedStates": [] }, { "name": "Florida", "abbreviation": "FL", "slug": "florida", "jurisdictionType": "state", "lastReviewed": "2026-09-19", "researchStatus": "verified", "indexable": true, "summary": "Florida students entering grade 9 in 2023–24 or later must earn one-half credit in personal financial literacy and money management for a standard high school diploma. Approved stand-alone and combined course options can satisfy the requirement.", "summarySourceIds": [ "fl-statute", "fl-rule-memo" ], "requirement": { "overallStatuses": [ "graduation_requirement", "integrated_requirement" ], "standaloneCourseRequired": false, "graduationRequirement": true, "creditRequirement": "0.5 credit", "gradeLevels": [ "Grades 9–12" ], "effectiveDate": "2023-08-22", "effectiveSchoolYear": "2023–24", "firstGraduatingClass": null, "assessmentRequired": null, "responsibleAgency": "Florida Department of Education", "deliveryNotes": "The requirement can be met through approved stand-alone personal finance courses or economics-with-personal-finance courses; it is a credit requirement, not a statewide stand-alone-course mandate.", "sourceIds": [ "fl-statute", "fl-rule-memo", "fl-course-list" ] }, "standardsDocument": { "title": "Florida State Academic Standards for Personal Financial Literacy and Money Management", "adoptingAuthority": "Florida State Board of Education", "adoptionDate": "2023-05", "effectiveDate": "2023-08-22", "officialUrl": "https://www.fldoe.org/core/fileparse.php/5574/urlt/2425-912PFLMMEC.pdf", "sourceId": "fl-standards" }, "narrative": [ { "text": "Senate Bill 1054 (2022) amended Florida’s diploma statute to add one-half credit of personal financial literacy and money management for students entering grade 9 in 2023–24. The State Board subsequently revised course rules and adopted standards used in approved courses.", "sourceIds": [ "fl-statute", "fl-rule-memo" ] }, { "text": "Because Florida lists both dedicated personal-finance courses and Economics with Personal Finance, the statewide rule should not be described as requiring every student to take a stand-alone course.", "sourceIds": [ "fl-course-list" ] } ], "domains": [ { "name": "Complete required instruction topics", "summary": "Florida’s official personal financial literacy and money management specifications list all 13 subjects that must be discussed or taught for the one-half-credit graduation requirement.", "standards": [ { "code": "F.S. §1003.4282(3)(h)1", "title": "Bank accounts and financial institutions", "description": "Compare types of bank accounts, learn how to open and manage an account, and assess the quality and cost of a financial institution’s services.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12 approved course", "sourceId": "fl-standards", "sourcePage": "Page 24, required topic 1" }, { "code": "F.S. §1003.4282(3)(h)2", "title": "Balancing a checkbook", "description": "Maintain an accurate transaction record and reconcile a checkbook or comparable account register against financial institution records.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12 approved course", "sourceId": "fl-standards", "sourcePage": "Page 24, required topic 2" }, { "code": "F.S. §1003.4282(3)(h)3", "title": "Spending, credit, credit scores, and debt", "description": "Apply core money-management principles to spending, consumer credit, credit scores, and retail and credit-card debt.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12 approved course", "sourceId": "fl-standards", "sourcePage": "Page 24, required topic 3" }, { "code": "F.S. §1003.4282(3)(h)4", "title": "Loan applications", "description": "Understand the information, disclosures, qualifications, and borrower responsibilities involved in completing a loan application.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12 approved course", "sourceId": "fl-standards", "sourcePage": "Page 24, required topic 4" }, { "code": "F.S. §1003.4282(3)(h)5", "title": "Inheritance", "description": "Examine the financial, tax, planning, and decision-making implications that can arise when receiving an inheritance.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12 approved course", "sourceId": "fl-standards", "sourcePage": "Page 24, required topic 5" }, { "code": "F.S. §1003.4282(3)(h)6", "title": "Personal insurance", "description": "Understand the basic purposes, policy features, costs, coverage limits, and consumer considerations of personal insurance.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12 approved course", "sourceId": "fl-standards", "sourcePage": "Page 24, required topic 6" }, { "code": "F.S. §1003.4282(3)(h)7", "title": "Federal income taxes", "description": "Compute federal income taxes and understand the income, deductions, forms, and calculations used in the filing process.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12 approved course", "sourceId": "fl-standards", "sourcePage": "Page 24, required topic 7" }, { "code": "F.S. §1003.4282(3)(h)8", "title": "Local tax assessments", "description": "Understand how local tax assessments are determined and how they affect individuals, property, and household financial decisions.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12 approved course", "sourceId": "fl-standards", "sourcePage": "Page 24, required topic 8" }, { "code": "F.S. §1003.4282(3)(h)9", "title": "Interest-rate calculations", "description": "Compute and compare interest rates using different mechanisms and evaluate their effect on borrowing, saving, and investing.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12 approved course", "sourceId": "fl-standards", "sourcePage": "Page 24, required topic 9" }, { "code": "F.S. §1003.4282(3)(h)10", "title": "Simple contracts", "description": "Read and interpret simple contracts, including essential terms, obligations, costs, and consequences for the parties involved.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12 approved course", "sourceId": "fl-standards", "sourcePage": "Page 24, required topic 10" }, { "code": "F.S. §1003.4282(3)(h)11", "title": "Billing-statement disputes", "description": "Identify an incorrect billing statement and follow an appropriate process to document and contest the error.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12 approved course", "sourceId": "fl-standards", "sourcePage": "Page 24, required topic 11" }, { "code": "F.S. §1003.4282(3)(h)12", "title": "Savings and investments", "description": "Compare common types of savings and investment products, their purposes, potential returns, risks, costs, and time horizons.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12 approved course", "sourceId": "fl-standards", "sourcePage": "Page 24, required topic 12" }, { "code": "F.S. §1003.4282(3)(h)13", "title": "State and federal finance laws", "description": "Understand state and federal laws that govern personal finance, consumer transactions, borrowing, and financial services.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12 approved course", "sourceId": "fl-standards", "sourcePage": "Page 24, required topic 13" } ] } ], "policyTimeline": [ { "date": "2022-03-22", "event": "The Dorothy L. Hukill Financial Literacy Act was signed.", "sourceId": "fl-law-announcement" }, { "date": "2023-05", "event": "The State Board adopted revised financial literacy standards.", "sourceId": "fl-rule-memo" }, { "date": "2023-08-22", "event": "The amended course-requirements rule became effective.", "sourceId": "fl-rule-memo" }, { "date": "2023–24", "event": "The requirement began with students entering grade 9.", "sourceId": "fl-rule-memo" } ], "lawsAndRules": [ { "identifier": "§ 1003.4282(3)(h), Florida Statutes", "title": "Requirements for a standard high school diploma", "summary": "Requires one-half credit in personal financial literacy and money management for the covered grade-9 entry cohorts.", "officialUrl": "https://www.flsenate.gov/Laws/Statutes/2026/1003.4282", "effectiveDate": null, "sourceId": "fl-statute" } ], "educatorNotes": [ { "text": "Confirm that the selected course carries Florida’s PL graduation-requirement designation. The Department lists multiple approved course pathways.", "sourceIds": [ "fl-course-list" ] } ], "sources": [ { "id": "fl-statute", "title": "Section 1003.4282 — Requirements for a standard high school diploma", "authority": "Florida Senate", "url": "https://www.flsenate.gov/Laws/Statutes/2026/1003.4282", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": "2026", "accessedDate": "2026-09-19", "isPrimary": true }, { "id": "fl-grad", "title": "Graduation Requirements", "authority": "Florida Department of Education", "url": "https://www.fldoe.org/schools/k-12-public-schools/sss/graduation-requirements/", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-19", "isPrimary": true }, { "id": "fl-rule-memo", "title": "Amendments to Rule 6A-1.09412 regarding Personal Financial Literacy and Money Management", "authority": "Florida Department of Education", "url": "https://info.fldoe.org/docushare/dsweb/Get/Document-10119/DPS-2024-09.pdf", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2024-01-12", "accessedDate": "2026-09-19", "isPrimary": true }, { "id": "fl-course-list", "title": "Florida Organization of Instructional Programs — Finance", "authority": "Florida Department of Education", "url": "https://www.fldoe.org/core/fileparse.php/20759/urlt/10-3.pdf", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2024", "accessedDate": "2026-09-19", "isPrimary": true }, { "id": "fl-standards", "title": "9–12 Personal Financial Literacy and Money Management Specifications", "authority": "Florida Department of Education", "url": "https://www.fldoe.org/core/fileparse.php/5574/urlt/2425-912PFLMMEC.pdf", "sourceType": "standards", "publicationDate": "2023", "accessedDate": "2026-09-19", "isPrimary": true }, { "id": "fl-law-announcement", "title": "Governor signs the Dorothy L. Hukill Financial Literacy Act", "authority": "Florida Department of Education", "url": "https://www.fldoe.org/newsroom/latest-news/icymi-governor-ron-desantis-signs-financial-literacy-bill-to-support-floridas-students.stml", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2022-03-22", "accessedDate": "2026-09-19", "isPrimary": true } ], "faq": [ { "question": "How much personal finance credit does Florida require?", "answer": "Covered students must earn one-half credit in personal financial literacy and money management.", "sourceIds": [ "fl-statute" ] }, { "question": "Does Florida require a separate stand-alone course?", "answer": "No. Florida approves both stand-alone courses and Economics with Personal Finance options, so the statewide rule is a credit requirement rather than a universal stand-alone-course mandate.", "sourceIds": [ "fl-course-list" ] } ], "relatedStates": [ "california" ] }, { "name": "Georgia", "abbreviation": "GA", "slug": "georgia", "jurisdictionType": "state", "lastReviewed": "2026-09-20", "researchStatus": "verified", "indexable": true, "seo": { "title": "Georgia Personal Finance Standards & Requirements", "description": "See Georgia's half-credit personal finance graduation requirement, grade-level timing, delivery options, course standards, and official state sources.", "socialImage": "/icon-512.png" }, "summary": "Georgia requires every student to complete at least one-half credit of financial literacy during grade 11 or 12 as a condition of graduation, beginning in the 2024-25 school year. The instruction may be provided within existing coursework, so Georgia does not require a separate stand-alone personal finance course.", "summarySourceIds": [ "ga-sb220", "ga-graduation-rule", "ga-standards" ], "requirement": { "overallStatuses": [ "graduation_requirement", "integrated_requirement" ], "standaloneCourseRequired": false, "graduationRequirement": true, "creditRequirement": "At least 0.5 credit", "gradeLevels": [ "Grade 11", "Grade 12" ], "effectiveDate": null, "effectiveSchoolYear": "2024-25", "firstGraduatingClass": null, "assessmentRequired": null, "responsibleAgency": "Georgia Department of Education", "deliveryNotes": "The local board must require the half-credit during grade 11 or 12. Senate Bill 220 permits the course to be provided within existing coursework and permits the credit to count toward mathematics, social studies, or an elective. The current graduation rule places Personal Finance and Economics in the social studies sequence for students entering grade 9 in 2023-24 and later.", "sourceIds": [ "ga-sb220", "ga-graduation-rule", "ga-standards" ] }, "standardsDocument": { "title": "Social Studies Georgia Standards of Excellence: Personal Finance and Economics", "adoptingAuthority": "Georgia Department of Education", "adoptionDate": "2021-12-09", "effectiveDate": "2022-07-01", "officialUrl": "https://case.georgiastandards.org/a446e74c-463e-11e7-94f5-b49cee8b2d8c", "sourceId": "ga-standards" }, "narrative": [ { "text": "Georgia law gives a direct answer for graduation: beginning in 2024-25, every student must complete at least one-half credit of financial literacy in grade 11 or 12. The statute does not tie implementation to a single entering cohort, so this record does not assign a first graduating class that the official sources do not expressly name.", "sourceIds": [ "ga-sb220" ] }, { "text": "Georgia's requirement is not a statewide stand-alone-course mandate. A local board may deliver the half-credit within existing coursework and may apply it toward mathematics, social studies, or elective credit. For students entering grade 9 in 2023-24 or later, the current state graduation rule lists a half-credit of Personal Finance and Economics in the three-credit social studies requirement.", "sourceIds": [ "ga-sb220", "ga-graduation-rule" ] }, { "text": "The state course is broader than financial literacy alone. Course 45.061 combines economic decision-making, microeconomics, macroeconomics, international economics, and ten personal finance standards addressing postsecondary choices, income, budgeting, banking, interest, taxation, credit, insurance, careers, consumer protection, and identity theft.", "sourceIds": [ "ga-standards", "ga-course-list" ] }, { "text": "House Bill 1114 proposed allowing the required course in any high-school grade, but the Senate's final 2026 tabled-legislation list shows the bill did not enact. The grade-11-or-12 rule in O.C.G.A. § 20-2-149.4 therefore remains controlling.", "sourceIds": [ "ga-hb1114-status", "ga-sb220" ] } ], "domains": [ { "name": "Economic decision-making foundations", "summary": "The complete foundations strand of Georgia course 45.061 covers scarcity, marginal analysis, economic systems, and standards of living.", "standards": [ { "code": "SSEF1", "title": "Scarcity and choices", "description": "Analyze how scarcity affects the choices of individuals, businesses, and governments.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance and Economics, course 45.061", "sourceId": "ga-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 1-2" }, { "code": "SSEF2", "title": "Marginal decision-making", "description": "Give examples of how rational decision-making compares marginal benefits and marginal costs.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance and Economics, course 45.061", "sourceId": "ga-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 2" }, { "code": "SSEF3", "title": "Economic systems", "description": "Analyze how economic systems influence the choices of individuals, businesses, and governments.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance and Economics, course 45.061", "sourceId": "ga-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 2" }, { "code": "SSEF4", "title": "Standards of living", "description": "Analyze factors that influence the standard of living of individuals and nations.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance and Economics, course 45.061", "sourceId": "ga-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" } ] }, { "name": "Personal finance", "summary": "The complete personal finance strand contains ten standards covering major life choices and practical money management.", "standards": [ { "code": "SSEPF1", "title": "Major life decisions", "description": "Analyze major life decisions using economics-based decision-making skills, including postsecondary choices and ways to pay for them.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance and Economics, course 45.061", "sourceId": "ga-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" }, { "code": "SSEPF2", "title": "Income, taxes, and budgeting", "description": "Analyze income as a scarce resource allocated through taxes, paychecks, budgets, account reconciliation, saving, and net-worth decisions.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance and Economics, course 45.061", "sourceId": "ga-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 3-4" }, { "code": "SSEPF3", "title": "Financial institutions and investing", "description": "Explain how the financial system channels funds from savers to investors and compare institutions, payments, savings, and investment options.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance and Economics, course 45.061", "sourceId": "ga-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "SSEPF4", "title": "Interest rates", "description": "Explain how interest rates affect saving, borrowing, credit cards, automobiles, and housing decisions.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance and Economics, course 45.061", "sourceId": "ga-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 5" }, { "code": "SSEPF5", "title": "Tax changes", "description": "Explain how changes in taxation affect an individual's spending and saving choices.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance and Economics, course 45.061", "sourceId": "ga-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 5" }, { "code": "SSEPF6", "title": "Using credit", "description": "Evaluate the costs and benefits of credit, including creditworthiness, reports, scores, borrowing costs, and bankruptcy.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance and Economics, course 45.061", "sourceId": "ga-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 5" }, { "code": "SSEPF7", "title": "Insurance and risk", "description": "Analyze how insurance and other risk-management strategies protect against financial loss.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance and Economics, course 45.061", "sourceId": "ga-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" }, { "code": "SSEPF8", "title": "Earnings and careers", "description": "Describe how worker earnings are determined and how skills, education, training, and a social-media footprint affect careers and finances.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance and Economics, course 45.061", "sourceId": "ga-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" }, { "code": "SSEPF9", "title": "Consumer protection", "description": "Explain how rules, agencies, complaint processes, and major consumer laws protect consumers.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance and Economics, course 45.061", "sourceId": "ga-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" }, { "code": "SSEPF10", "title": "Identity theft and scams", "description": "Explain common sources of identity theft, protective steps, victim responses, and basic investment scams.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance and Economics, course 45.061", "sourceId": "ga-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 7" } ] }, { "name": "Microeconomics, macroeconomics, and international economics", "summary": "The remaining required course standards explain markets, business organization, national indicators and policy, trade, and exchange rates.", "standards": [ { "code": "SSEMI1", "title": "Households and businesses", "description": "Describe how households and businesses interact through product and resource markets.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance and Economics, course 45.061", "sourceId": "ga-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 7" }, { "code": "SSEMI2", "title": "Supply, demand, and price", "description": "Explain how supply, demand, and prices determine resource allocation in a market economy.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance and Economics, course 45.061", "sourceId": "ga-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 7" }, { "code": "SSEMI3", "title": "Business organization", "description": "Explain business organization and analyze sole proprietorships, partnerships, and corporations.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance and Economics, course 45.061", "sourceId": "ga-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 8" }, { "code": "SSEMA1", "title": "Measuring economic activity", "description": "Explain measures of economic activity, including GDP, unemployment, inflation, and the business cycle.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance and Economics, course 45.061", "sourceId": "ga-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 8" }, { "code": "SSEMA2", "title": "Federal Reserve", "description": "Explain the role and functions of the Federal Reserve System and monetary policy.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance and Economics, course 45.061", "sourceId": "ga-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 9" }, { "code": "SSEMA3", "title": "Fiscal policy and debt", "description": "Analyze government fiscal policy and its effects on the national debt.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance and Economics, course 45.061", "sourceId": "ga-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 9" }, { "code": "SSEIN1", "title": "Trade and trade barriers", "description": "Explain benefits of international trade and the role and effects of trade barriers.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance and Economics, course 45.061", "sourceId": "ga-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 9" }, { "code": "SSEIN2", "title": "Exchange rates", "description": "Analyze how exchange-rate changes affect consumers, producers, and purchasing power.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance and Economics, course 45.061", "sourceId": "ga-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 10" } ] } ], "policyTimeline": [ { "date": "2022-04-28", "event": "Governor Brian Kemp signed Senate Bill 220 as Act 723.", "sourceId": "ga-sb220" }, { "date": "2022-23", "event": "The revised Personal Finance and Economics course standards became effective.", "sourceId": "ga-standards" }, { "date": "2023-24", "event": "The current graduation rule began applying to students entering grade 9 and lists 0.5 credit of Personal Finance and Economics within social studies.", "sourceId": "ga-graduation-rule" }, { "date": "2024-25", "event": "The statutory half-credit financial literacy graduation condition began for students in grade 11 or 12.", "sourceId": "ga-sb220" }, { "date": "2026-04-02", "event": "House Bill 1114, which proposed expanding the completion window to grades 9-12, remained tabled at adjournment and did not alter current law.", "sourceId": "ga-hb1114-status" } ], "lawsAndRules": [ { "identifier": "O.C.G.A. § 20-2-149.4", "title": "Financial literacy course requirement", "summary": "Requires all students to complete at least one-half credit of financial literacy in grade 11 or 12 beginning in 2024-25 and permits delivery within existing coursework.", "officialUrl": "https://gov.georgia.gov/document/2022-signed-legislation/sb-220/download", "effectiveDate": "2022-04-28", "sourceId": "ga-sb220" }, { "identifier": "Ga. Comp. R. & Regs. 160-4-2-.49", "title": "High School Graduation Requirements", "summary": "Lists 0.5 credit of Personal Finance and Economics or an approved equivalent within the social studies sequence for students entering grade 9 in 2023-24 and later.", "officialUrl": "https://rules.sos.ga.gov/gac/160-4-2", "effectiveDate": "2023-05-25", "sourceId": "ga-graduation-rule" } ], "educatorNotes": [ { "text": "Schedule the required half-credit while each student is in grade 11 or 12; the statute does not make an earlier middle- or high-school course a substitute for that timing.", "sourceIds": [ "ga-sb220" ] }, { "text": "Districts may integrate the requirement into existing coursework, but the student must still receive at least one-half credit and the content must align with State Board standards.", "sourceIds": [ "ga-sb220", "ga-standards" ] }, { "text": "For students under Rule 160-4-2-.49, use course 45.06100 or an equivalent substitute approved by the Georgia Department of Education.", "sourceIds": [ "ga-graduation-rule", "ga-course-list" ] } ], "sources": [ { "id": "ga-sb220", "title": "Senate Bill 220, Act 723", "authority": "State of Georgia", "url": "https://gov.georgia.gov/document/2022-signed-legislation/sb-220/download", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": "2022-04-28", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "O.C.G.A. § 20-2-149.4(a)-(b), enrolled Act pages 1-2", "supports": [ "half-credit graduation condition", "grades 11-12", "2024-25 start", "integrated delivery", "credit categories" ], "excerpt": "Beginning in the 2024-2025 school year ... all students ... during their eleventh or twelfth grade year, [must complete] at least a half-credit course in financial literacy." }, { "id": "ga-graduation-rule", "title": "Rule 160-4-2-.49 High School Graduation Requirements", "authority": "Georgia Secretary of State", "url": "https://rules.sos.ga.gov/gac/160-4-2", "sourceType": "regulation", "publicationDate": "2023-05-25", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Rule 160-4-2-.49(2)-(3), students entering grade 9 in 2023-24 and later", "supports": [ "23-unit diploma", "social studies placement", "0.5 Personal Finance and Economics", "approved substitutions" ], "excerpt": "Three units of credit shall be required in social studies ... 0.5 Personal Finance and Economics (45.06100)." }, { "id": "ga-standards", "title": "Social Studies - Georgia Department of Education", "authority": "Georgia Department of Education", "url": "https://case.georgiastandards.org/a446e74c-463e-11e7-94f5-b49cee8b2d8c", "sourceType": "standards", "publicationDate": "2021-12-09", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Current Versions framework; High School Social Studies 9-12; course 45.06100; standards SSEF1-SSEIN2", "supports": [ "complete current course standards", "course code", "personal-finance strand", "economics strands" ], "excerpt": "Personal Finance and Economics ... SSEF1-SSEF4, SSEPF1-SSEPF10, SSEMI1-SSEMI3, SSEMA1-SSEMA3, and SSEIN1-SSEIN2." }, { "id": "ga-course-list", "title": "State-Funded List of K-8 Subjects and 9-12 Courses", "authority": "Georgia Department of Education", "url": "https://case.georgiastandards.org/6345e226-252d-11eb-966e-0242ac140004", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Current State-Funded Course Guide, Social Sciences, course 45.06100", "supports": [ "current state-funded course code", "current course title" ], "excerpt": "45.06100 Personal Finance and Economics." }, { "id": "ga-standards-adoption", "title": "GaDOE Press Releases archive", "authority": "Georgia Department of Education", "url": "https://apps.gadoe.org/Lists/GaDOE%20Press%20Releases/Press%20Releases.aspx?PageFirstRow=991&Paged=TRUE&View=%7B70A11729-A4A4-454B-971D-59370E33A4A8%7D&p_ID=945&p_Release_x0020_Date=20220329+04%3A00%3A00", "sourceType": "board_action", "publicationDate": "2021-12-09", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "December 9, 2021 entry, Georgia expands personal finance education for all students", "supports": [ "standards adoption date", "state personal-finance standards action" ], "excerpt": "12/9/2021 Georgia expands personal finance education for all students." }, { "id": "ga-hb1114-status", "title": "Legislation Tabled at the 2026 Session", "authority": "Georgia State Senate", "url": "https://www.legis.ga.gov/api/document/docs/default-source/senate-calendars/20252026/legislation-tabled-2026-ld40.pdf", "sourceType": "bill", "publicationDate": "2026-04-02", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "House Bills tabled at adjournment, HB 1114", "supports": [ "HB 1114 did not enact", "current grade-11-or-12 law remains controlling" ], "excerpt": "HB 1114 ... Tabled Legislation." } ], "faq": [ { "question": "Does Georgia require personal finance to graduate?", "answer": "Yes. Beginning in the 2024-25 school year, every student must complete at least one-half credit of financial literacy during grade 11 or 12 as a condition of graduation.", "sourceIds": [ "ga-sb220" ] }, { "question": "Does Georgia require a stand-alone personal finance course?", "answer": "No. Senate Bill 220 expressly allows the required half-credit to be provided within the framework of existing coursework.", "sourceIds": [ "ga-sb220" ] }, { "question": "Where does Georgia's personal finance credit count?", "answer": "The statute allows the half-credit to count toward mathematics, social studies, or an elective. The current statewide graduation rule places Personal Finance and Economics within the social studies sequence for students entering grade 9 in 2023-24 and later.", "sourceIds": [ "ga-sb220", "ga-graduation-rule" ] }, { "question": "What does Georgia's Personal Finance and Economics course cover?", "answer": "Course 45.061 combines economics with ten personal finance standards covering postsecondary decisions, income, budgeting, financial institutions, interest, taxes, credit, insurance, careers, consumer protection, and identity theft.", "sourceIds": [ "ga-standards" ] }, { "question": "Which graduating class was first covered in Georgia?", "answer": "The law uses a school-year and grade-level trigger rather than naming a graduating class. It applies beginning in 2024-25 to students while they are in grade 11 or 12, so this record does not substitute an inferred class year for the statutory wording.", "sourceIds": [ "ga-sb220" ] } ], "relatedStates": [] }, { "name": "Hawaii", "abbreviation": "HI", "slug": "hawaii", "jurisdictionType": "state", "lastReviewed": "2026-09-20", "researchStatus": "verified", "indexable": true, "seo": { "title": "Hawaii Personal Finance Standards & Requirements", "description": "See Hawaii's Class of 2030 financial literacy graduation requirement, flexible delivery options, 30 program standards, and official HIDOE sources.", "socialImage": "/icon-512.png" }, "summary": "Beginning with the Class of 2030, Hawaii public school students must complete a financial literacy educational opportunity before graduation and document it through the required half-credit Personal Transition Plan. Hawaii does not require one stand-alone personal finance course: schools may use a stand-alone elective, integrate the standards into existing courses, offer self-paced learning, or use another aligned design.", "summarySourceIds": [ "hi-requirement", "hi-subject-standards", "hi-standards" ], "requirement": { "overallStatuses": [ "graduation_requirement", "integrated_requirement", "pending_or_phased" ], "standaloneCourseRequired": false, "graduationRequirement": true, "creditRequirement": "No separate personal-finance credit; completion is documented through the required 0.5-credit Personal Transition Plan", "gradeLevels": [ "High school", "Incoming freshmen in the Class of 2030 and later" ], "effectiveDate": null, "effectiveSchoolYear": "2026-27", "firstGraduatingClass": "Class of 2030", "assessmentRequired": null, "responsibleAgency": "Hawaiʻi State Department of Education", "deliveryNotes": "Schools may use a stand-alone elective, integrate the program standards into existing courses, provide self-paced learning, or use another aligned instructional design. Classes of 2027 through 2029 are encouraged, but not required, to document financial literacy in their PTP. A principal reviews transfer records to determine whether more coursework or documentation is needed.", "sourceIds": [ "hi-requirement", "hi-subject-standards", "hi-standards" ] }, "standardsDocument": { "title": "Hawaiʻi State Department of Education Financial Literacy Program Standards", "adoptingAuthority": "Hawaiʻi State Department of Education", "adoptionDate": null, "effectiveDate": null, "officialUrl": "https://hawaiipublicschools.org/wp-content/uploads/Financial-Literacy-Standards.pdf", "sourceId": "hi-standards" }, "narrative": [ { "text": "Hawaii's financial literacy graduation requirement starts with incoming freshmen in the Class of 2030. Covered students must complete an educational opportunity before graduation and record completion in the Personal Transition Plan, which is already a required half-credit course for the diploma.", "sourceIds": [ "hi-requirement", "hi-subject-standards" ] }, { "text": "The requirement is about demonstrated financial literacy rather than one prescribed course title. HIDOE expressly permits a stand-alone elective, integration into an existing course, self-paced learning, or another instructional design aligned to the state program standards.", "sourceIds": [ "hi-requirement", "hi-subject-standards" ] }, { "text": "HIDOE released 30 program standards in August 2025. Five standards appear in each of six themes: earning income, spending, saving, investing, managing credit, and managing risk.", "sourceIds": [ "hi-standards" ] }, { "text": "Implementation is phased. Schools are encouraged to document financial literacy for the Classes of 2027, 2028, and 2029, but the formal statewide requirement begins with the Class of 2030. Principals review records for students transferring from outside HIDOE.", "sourceIds": [ "hi-requirement" ] } ], "domains": [ { "name": "Earning Income", "summary": "Five standards cover take-home pay, compensation, education and training, labor-market change, and retirement income.", "standards": [ { "code": "HI.EI.1", "title": "Net income is the amount left from wages and salaries after taxes and…", "description": "Net income is the amount left from wages and salaries after taxes and payroll deductions.", "gradeOrCourse": "By high school graduation", "sourceId": "hi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 2" }, { "code": "HI.EI.2", "title": "Job compensation can include wages, salaries, commissions, tips,…", "description": "Job compensation can include wages, salaries, commissions, tips, bonuses, health insurance, retirement plans, and education reimbursement.", "gradeOrCourse": "By high school graduation", "sourceId": "hi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 2" }, { "code": "HI.EI.3", "title": "People weigh the present costs of education and training against future…", "description": "People weigh the present costs of education and training against future career and earning benefits.", "gradeOrCourse": "By high school graduation", "sourceId": "hi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 2" }, { "code": "HI.EI.4", "title": "Economic conditions, technology, and labor-market changes can affect…", "description": "Economic conditions, technology, and labor-market changes can affect income, career opportunities, and employment status.", "gradeOrCourse": "By high school graduation", "sourceId": "hi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 2" }, { "code": "HI.EI.5", "title": "Retirement income typically combines continued earnings, Social…", "description": "Retirement income typically combines continued earnings, Social Security, employer-sponsored plans, and personal investments.", "gradeOrCourse": "By high school graduation", "sourceId": "hi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 2" } ] }, { "name": "Spending", "summary": "Five standards address spending influences, budgeting, informed purchases, housing, and consumer protection.", "standards": [ { "code": "HI.SP.1", "title": "Price, other people's choices, peer pressure, and advertising can…", "description": "Price, other people's choices, peer pressure, and advertising can influence purchase decisions.", "gradeOrCourse": "By high school graduation", "sourceId": "hi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" }, { "code": "HI.SP.2", "title": "A budget supports informed choices about spending, saving, money…", "description": "A budget supports informed choices about spending, saving, money management, and financial goals.", "gradeOrCourse": "By high school graduation", "sourceId": "hi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" }, { "code": "HI.SP.3", "title": "An informed purchase requires evaluating price, product claims, and…", "description": "An informed purchase requires evaluating price, product claims, and quality information from multiple sources.", "gradeOrCourse": "By high school graduation", "sourceId": "hi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" }, { "code": "HI.SP.4", "title": "Housing decisions depend on preferences, circumstances, and costs and…", "description": "Housing decisions depend on preferences, circumstances, and costs and affect financial well-being.", "gradeOrCourse": "By high school graduation", "sourceId": "hi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" }, { "code": "HI.SP.5", "title": "Consumer-protection laws, regulations, and agencies help people avoid…", "description": "Consumer-protection laws, regulations, and agencies help people avoid unsafe products, unfair practices, and fraud.", "gradeOrCourse": "By high school graduation", "sourceId": "hi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" } ] }, { "name": "Saving", "summary": "Five standards cover savings goals, personal circumstances, compound interest, account choices, and tax incentives.", "standards": [ { "code": "HI.SA.1", "title": "People save for large purchases, education, retirement, emergencies, and…", "description": "People save for large purchases, education, retirement, emergencies, and other future purposes.", "gradeOrCourse": "By high school graduation", "sourceId": "hi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "HI.SA.2", "title": "Savings decisions depend on individual preferences and circumstances and…", "description": "Savings decisions depend on individual preferences and circumstances and can affect financial well-being.", "gradeOrCourse": "By high school graduation", "sourceId": "hi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "HI.SA.3", "title": "Compound interest applies to principal and prior interest, while simple…", "description": "Compound interest applies to principal and prior interest, while simple interest applies only to principal.", "gradeOrCourse": "By high school graduation", "sourceId": "hi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "HI.SA.4", "title": "Savings accounts, money-market accounts, and certificates of deposit…", "description": "Savings accounts, money-market accounts, and certificates of deposit differ in deposits, rates, and insurance coverage.", "gradeOrCourse": "By high school graduation", "sourceId": "hi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "HI.SA.5", "title": "Tax policies can encourage saving through pretax contributions or…", "description": "Tax policies can encourage saving through pretax contributions or reduced or deferred taxes on earnings.", "gradeOrCourse": "By high school graduation", "sourceId": "hi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" } ] }, { "name": "Investing", "summary": "Five standards explain returns, asset types, pooled investments, risk, and risk tolerance.", "standards": [ { "code": "HI.IN.1", "title": "Investors expect capital gains, regular income such as interest or…", "description": "Investors expect capital gains, regular income such as interest or dividends, or both.", "gradeOrCourse": "By high school graduation", "sourceId": "hi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 5" }, { "code": "HI.IN.2", "title": "Common financial assets include certificates of deposit, stocks, bonds,…", "description": "Common financial assets include certificates of deposit, stocks, bonds, mutual funds, and real estate.", "gradeOrCourse": "By high school graduation", "sourceId": "hi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 5" }, { "code": "HI.IN.3", "title": "Mutual funds and exchange-traded funds let investors buy shares of…", "description": "Mutual funds and exchange-traded funds let investors buy shares of pooled investments rather than individual securities.", "gradeOrCourse": "By high school graduation", "sourceId": "hi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 5" }, { "code": "HI.IN.4", "title": "Different investments expose investors to different levels of risk", "description": "Different investments expose investors to different levels of risk.", "gradeOrCourse": "By high school graduation", "sourceId": "hi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 5" }, { "code": "HI.IN.5", "title": "Risk tolerance depends on personality, financial resources, experience,…", "description": "Risk tolerance depends on personality, financial resources, experience, and life circumstances.", "gradeOrCourse": "By high school graduation", "sourceId": "hi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 5" } ] }, { "name": "Managing Credit", "summary": "Five standards address borrowing costs, debt, postsecondary financing, scores, and non-lender uses of credit reports.", "standards": [ { "code": "HI.CR.1", "title": "Interest rates and fees vary by lender, credit type, and market conditions", "description": "Interest rates and fees vary by lender, credit type, and market conditions.", "gradeOrCourse": "By high school graduation", "sourceId": "hi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" }, { "code": "HI.CR.2", "title": "Borrowing increases debt and can negatively affect personal finances", "description": "Borrowing increases debt and can negatively affect personal finances.", "gradeOrCourse": "By high school graduation", "sourceId": "hi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" }, { "code": "HI.CR.3", "title": "Postsecondary education is financed through combinations of…", "description": "Postsecondary education is financed through combinations of scholarships, grants, loans, work-study, and savings.", "gradeOrCourse": "By high school graduation", "sourceId": "hi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" }, { "code": "HI.CR.4", "title": "A credit score rates credit risk using information in a credit report", "description": "A credit score rates credit risk using information in a credit report.", "gradeOrCourse": "By high school graduation", "sourceId": "hi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" }, { "code": "HI.CR.5", "title": "Landlords, employers, insurers, and other non-lenders may request and…", "description": "Landlords, employers, insurers, and other non-lenders may request and use credit reports or scores.", "gradeOrCourse": "By high school graduation", "sourceId": "hi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" } ] }, { "name": "Managing Risk", "summary": "Five standards cover unexpected loss, mandatory insurance, health coverage, public insurance, and identity protection.", "standards": [ { "code": "HI.RI.1", "title": "Unexpected events can damage health, wealth, income, property, or future…", "description": "Unexpected events can damage health, wealth, income, property, or future opportunities and create financial loss.", "gradeOrCourse": "By high school graduation", "sourceId": "hi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 7" }, { "code": "HI.RI.2", "title": "Some forms of insurance coverage are mandatory", "description": "Some forms of insurance coverage are mandatory.", "gradeOrCourse": "By high school graduation", "sourceId": "hi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 7" }, { "code": "HI.RI.3", "title": "Health insurance covers medically necessary care and may include…", "description": "Health insurance covers medically necessary care and may include preventive care and employer premium contributions.", "gradeOrCourse": "By high school graduation", "sourceId": "hi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 7" }, { "code": "HI.RI.4", "title": "Unemployment insurance, Medicaid, and Medicare protect people from…", "description": "Unemployment insurance, Medicaid, and Medicare protect people from specified forms of economic hardship.", "gradeOrCourse": "By high school graduation", "sourceId": "hi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 7" }, { "code": "HI.RI.5", "title": "Online transactions and unprotected documents can expose consumers to…", "description": "Online transactions and unprotected documents can expose consumers to privacy infringement, identity theft, and fraud.", "gradeOrCourse": "By high school graduation", "sourceId": "hi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 7" } ] } ], "policyTimeline": [ { "date": "2025-08", "event": "HIDOE released the 30 Financial Literacy Program Standards.", "sourceId": "hi-standards" }, { "date": "2026-01-09", "event": "HIDOE announced the statewide graduation requirement and implementation details.", "sourceId": "hi-requirement" }, { "date": "2026-27", "event": "Incoming freshmen begin the required financial literacy educational opportunity.", "sourceId": "hi-requirement" }, { "date": "2030", "event": "The first covered graduating class reaches diploma eligibility.", "sourceId": "hi-requirement" } ], "lawsAndRules": [], "educatorNotes": [ { "text": "Document a covered student's completed financial literacy opportunity in the Personal Transition Plan.", "sourceIds": [ "hi-requirement" ] }, { "text": "A separate course is optional; any chosen design must align with HIDOE's 30 program standards.", "sourceIds": [ "hi-requirement", "hi-standards" ] }, { "text": "For an incoming transfer student, refer the record to the principal for a determination about additional coursework or documentation.", "sourceIds": [ "hi-requirement" ] } ], "sources": [ { "id": "hi-requirement", "title": "Financial literacy requirement for Hawai‘i public school students to begin next school year", "authority": "Hawaiʻi State Department of Education", "url": "https://hawaiipublicschools.org/2026-financial-literacy-requirement/", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2026-01-09", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Implementation announcement, paragraphs 1-8", "supports": [ "Class of 2030", "2026-27 start", "PTP documentation", "delivery options", "transfer review" ], "excerpt": "Starting with incoming freshmen in the Class of 2030, all students ... must successfully complete a financial literacy educational opportunity prior to graduation." }, { "id": "hi-subject-standards", "title": "Subject Matter Standards: Financial Literacy standards", "authority": "Hawaiʻi State Department of Education", "url": "https://hawaiipublicschools.org/academics/subject-matter-standards/", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Financial Literacy standards section", "supports": [ "graduation requirement", "PTP documentation", "flexible delivery" ], "excerpt": "Schools may meet the requirement through a variety of instructional approaches, including a standalone elective course, integration into existing courses, self-paced learning options, or other instructional designs." }, { "id": "hi-standards", "title": "Hawaiʻi State Department of Education Financial Literacy Program Standards", "authority": "Hawaiʻi State Department of Education", "url": "https://hawaiipublicschools.org/wp-content/uploads/Financial-Literacy-Standards.pdf", "sourceType": "standards", "publicationDate": "2025-08", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "PDF pages 1-7, all 30 content standards", "supports": [ "adopted program framework", "six themes", "complete standards list" ], "excerpt": "The standards identify the minimum knowledge, skills, and decision-making abilities that students should acquire by the time of high school graduation." } ], "faq": [ { "question": "Does Hawaii require financial literacy to graduate?", "answer": "Yes. Incoming freshmen in the Class of 2030 and later must complete a financial literacy educational opportunity before graduation and document it in their Personal Transition Plan.", "sourceIds": [ "hi-requirement" ] }, { "question": "Does Hawaii require a stand-alone personal finance course?", "answer": "No. HIDOE permits a stand-alone elective, integrated instruction, self-paced learning, or another design aligned to the program standards.", "sourceIds": [ "hi-requirement", "hi-subject-standards" ] }, { "question": "How much personal finance credit does Hawaii require?", "answer": "HIDOE does not specify a separate personal-finance credit. Completion is documented through the required half-credit Personal Transition Plan course.", "sourceIds": [ "hi-requirement" ] }, { "question": "Which Hawaii students are covered first?", "answer": "The Class of 2030 is the first required cohort. The Classes of 2027 through 2029 are encouraged, but not required, to document financial literacy in their PTPs.", "sourceIds": [ "hi-requirement" ] }, { "question": "What do Hawaii's financial literacy standards cover?", "answer": "The 30 standards cover earning income, spending, saving, investing, managing credit, and managing risk.", "sourceIds": [ "hi-standards" ] } ], "relatedStates": [] }, { "name": "Idaho", "abbreviation": "ID", "slug": "idaho", "jurisdictionType": "state", "lastReviewed": "2026-09-20", "researchStatus": "verified", "indexable": true, "seo": { "title": "Idaho Personal Finance Standards & Requirements", "description": "See Idaho's economics and financial literacy graduation credit, flexible course pathways, 24 economics standards, 2023-24 start, and official sources.", "socialImage": "/icon-512.png" }, "summary": "Idaho requires financial literacy coursework for graduation. The statewide social-studies minimum includes one credit in economics and financial literacy, effective in the 2023-24 school year. Idaho does not require every student to take one stand-alone course: an LEA may use one combined course, separate economics and financial literacy courses, an approved CTE pathway, or the state digital-learning personal finance course.", "summarySourceIds": [ "id-implementation", "id-rule", "id-standards" ], "requirement": { "overallStatuses": [ "graduation_requirement", "integrated_requirement" ], "standaloneCourseRequired": false, "graduationRequirement": true, "creditRequirement": "1 Idaho credit in economics and financial literacy within the 5-credit social-studies requirement", "gradeLevels": [ "Grades 9-12" ], "effectiveDate": "2023-07-01", "effectiveSchoolYear": "2023-24", "firstGraduatingClass": null, "assessmentRequired": false, "responsibleAgency": "Idaho Department of Education", "deliveryNotes": "LEAs may offer one combined Economics and Financial Literacy course or separate courses. With district approval, CTE coursework may fold in the economics and financial literacy standards and competencies. Idaho Digital Learning Alliance Personal Finance also qualifies. Districts could request a transitional waiver for 2024 graduates who had already completed the former economics component.", "sourceIds": [ "id-hb92", "id-implementation", "id-rule" ] }, "standardsDocument": { "title": "Idaho Content Standards: K-12 Social Studies, Economics Grades 9-12", "adoptingAuthority": "Idaho State Board of Education", "adoptionDate": "2025-11-20", "effectiveDate": "2026-07-01", "officialUrl": "https://www.sde.idaho.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/K-12-Social-Studies-Standards.pdf", "sourceId": "id-standards" }, "narrative": [ { "text": "Idaho's 2023 financial literacy law requires every LEA serving grades 9-12 to provide one or more personal financial literacy and money-management courses and makes completion part of graduation. The companion state graduation rule places one Idaho credit of economics and financial literacy inside the five-credit social-studies minimum.", "sourceIds": [ "id-hb92", "id-implementation", "id-rule" ] }, { "text": "The requirement does not prescribe a single stand-alone course. Districts may use one combined course, separate economics and financial literacy courses, approved CTE coursework with the competencies folded in, or the Idaho Digital Learning Alliance personal finance course.", "sourceIds": [ "id-implementation" ] }, { "text": "Idaho's current high-school economics framework contains 24 standards. The first 13 address economics and institutions; standards 14 through 24 are the personal finance set covering goals and spending, bank accounts, investing, credit, comparison shopping, creditworthiness, insurance, taxes, budgeting, and modern consumer tools.", "sourceIds": [ "id-standards", "id-rule" ] }, { "text": "Implementation began in 2023-24 without a state end-of-course assessment. The Department treated that first year as transitional and allowed LEAs to request a waiver for students expected to graduate in 2024 who had already met the prior economics requirement.", "sourceIds": [ "id-implementation" ] } ], "domains": [ { "name": "Fundamental economic concepts", "summary": "Six standards establish supply, demand, scarcity, incentives, production, business cycles, and economic systems.", "standards": [ { "code": "9-12.EC.1", "title": "Apply supply and demand, scarcity, opportunity cost, and incentives to…", "description": "Apply supply and demand, scarcity, opportunity cost, and incentives to decision-making.", "gradeOrCourse": "Economics, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "id-standards", "sourcePage": "Document pages 64-65" }, { "code": "9-12.EC.2", "title": "Identify how interactions among buyers and sellers influence prices", "description": "Identify how interactions among buyers and sellers influence prices.", "gradeOrCourse": "Economics, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "id-standards", "sourcePage": "Document pages 64-65" }, { "code": "9-12.EC.3", "title": "Identify how incentives determine what is produced and distributed in a…", "description": "Identify how incentives determine what is produced and distributed in a competitive market system.", "gradeOrCourse": "Economics, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "id-standards", "sourcePage": "Document pages 64-65" }, { "code": "9-12.EC.4", "title": "Describe the factors of production", "description": "Describe the factors of production.", "gradeOrCourse": "Economics, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "id-standards", "sourcePage": "Document pages 64-65" }, { "code": "9-12.EC.5", "title": "Analyze the parts of the business cycle and their effects on the economy", "description": "Analyze the parts of the business cycle and their effects on the economy.", "gradeOrCourse": "Economics, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "id-standards", "sourcePage": "Document pages 64-65" }, { "code": "9-12.EC.6", "title": "Compare characteristics of different economic systems and economic…", "description": "Compare characteristics of different economic systems and economic philosophies.", "gradeOrCourse": "Economics, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "id-standards", "sourcePage": "Document pages 64-65" } ] }, { "name": "Macroeconomics, trade, and institutions", "summary": "Seven standards address the business cycle, public policy, trade, entrepreneurship, and financial markets.", "standards": [ { "code": "9-12.EC.7", "title": "Analyze how wars, industrialization, and technological developments…", "description": "Analyze how wars, industrialization, and technological developments affect the business cycle.", "gradeOrCourse": "Economics, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "id-standards", "sourcePage": "Document pages 64-65" }, { "code": "9-12.EC.8", "title": "Explain monetary policy, fiscal policy, and the role of the Federal Reserve", "description": "Explain monetary policy, fiscal policy, and the role of the Federal Reserve.", "gradeOrCourse": "Economics, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "id-standards", "sourcePage": "Document pages 64-65" }, { "code": "9-12.EC.9", "title": "Examine the economic implications of federal taxation, spending, and the…", "description": "Examine the economic implications of federal taxation, spending, and the national debt.", "gradeOrCourse": "Economics, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "id-standards", "sourcePage": "Document pages 64-65" }, { "code": "9-12.EC.10", "title": "Analyze global economic interdependence and competition", "description": "Analyze global economic interdependence and competition.", "gradeOrCourse": "Economics, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "id-standards", "sourcePage": "Document pages 64-65" }, { "code": "9-12.EC.11", "title": "Apply economic concepts to the national and international roles of…", "description": "Apply economic concepts to the national and international roles of imports and exports.", "gradeOrCourse": "Economics, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "id-standards", "sourcePage": "Document pages 64-65" }, { "code": "9-12.EC.12", "title": "Describe entrepreneurship and successful businesses, including…", "description": "Describe entrepreneurship and successful businesses, including comparative advantage, specialization, and trade.", "gradeOrCourse": "Economics, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "id-standards", "sourcePage": "Document pages 64-65" }, { "code": "9-12.EC.13", "title": "Identify the roles of financial markets and institutions in the economy", "description": "Identify the roles of financial markets and institutions in the economy.", "gradeOrCourse": "Economics, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "id-standards", "sourcePage": "Document pages 64-65" } ] }, { "name": "Personal finance", "summary": "The complete 11-standard personal finance portion of Idaho's current high-school economics framework.", "standards": [ { "code": "9-12.EC.14", "title": "Set financial goals and analyze the costs and benefits of spending decisions", "description": "Set financial goals and analyze the costs and benefits of spending decisions.", "gradeOrCourse": "Economics and financial literacy, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "id-standards", "sourcePage": "Document pages 65-66" }, { "code": "9-12.EC.15", "title": "Open and manage checking and savings accounts, including checks, virtual…", "description": "Open and manage checking and savings accounts, including checks, virtual accounts, and statements.", "gradeOrCourse": "Economics and financial literacy, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "id-standards", "sourcePage": "Document pages 65-66" }, { "code": "9-12.EC.16", "title": "Evaluate investments against a personal financial plan, including…", "description": "Evaluate investments against a personal financial plan, including compound interest over time.", "gradeOrCourse": "Economics and financial literacy, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "id-standards", "sourcePage": "Document pages 65-66" }, { "code": "9-12.EC.17", "title": "Research and analyze consumer credit options", "description": "Research and analyze consumer credit options.", "gradeOrCourse": "Economics and financial literacy, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "id-standards", "sourcePage": "Document pages 65-66" }, { "code": "9-12.EC.18", "title": "Use comparison-shopping skills for major purchases and college education", "description": "Use comparison-shopping skills for major purchases and college education.", "gradeOrCourse": "Economics and financial literacy, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "id-standards", "sourcePage": "Document pages 65-66" }, { "code": "9-12.EC.19", "title": "Research factors that affect creditworthiness and credit scores", "description": "Research factors that affect creditworthiness and credit scores.", "gradeOrCourse": "Economics and financial literacy, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "id-standards", "sourcePage": "Document pages 65-66" }, { "code": "9-12.EC.20", "title": "Describe how life, health, home, and auto insurance protect against loss…", "description": "Describe how life, health, home, and auto insurance protect against loss and mitigate financial consequences.", "gradeOrCourse": "Economics and financial literacy, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "id-standards", "sourcePage": "Document pages 65-66" }, { "code": "9-12.EC.21", "title": "Analyze federal, state, and local tax systems and their relationship to…", "description": "Analyze federal, state, and local tax systems and their relationship to citizens, income, and society.", "gradeOrCourse": "Economics and financial literacy, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "id-standards", "sourcePage": "Document pages 65-66" }, { "code": "9-12.EC.22", "title": "Explain how sales and property taxes affect financial decisions in terms…", "description": "Explain how sales and property taxes affect financial decisions in terms of both personal finances and public services provided to citizens.", "gradeOrCourse": "Economics and financial literacy, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "id-standards", "sourcePage": "Document pages 65-66" }, { "code": "9-12.EC.23", "title": "Build a monthly budget for an individual or family using income, savings…", "description": "Build a monthly budget for an individual or family using income, savings goals, taxes, and fixed and variable expenses.", "gradeOrCourse": "Economics and financial literacy, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "id-standards", "sourcePage": "Document pages 65-66" }, { "code": "9-12.EC.24", "title": "Identify and evaluate modern consumer skills, tools, and practices", "description": "Identify and evaluate modern consumer skills, tools, and practices.", "gradeOrCourse": "Economics and financial literacy, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "id-standards", "sourcePage": "Document pages 65-66" } ] } ], "policyTimeline": [ { "date": "2023-03-22", "event": "House Bill 92 was signed into law, establishing financial literacy coursework for graduation.", "sourceId": "id-hb92" }, { "date": "2023-07-01", "event": "The financial literacy coursework requirement took effect.", "sourceId": "id-implementation" }, { "date": "2023-24", "event": "LEAs began implementing the new economics and financial literacy graduation component.", "sourceId": "id-implementation" }, { "date": "2024", "event": "A transitional waiver was available for expected 2024 graduates who had completed the former economics component.", "sourceId": "id-implementation" } ], "lawsAndRules": [ { "identifier": "House Bill 92 (2023)", "title": "Financial literacy and money-management coursework", "summary": "Requires LEAs serving grades 9-12 to provide one or more courses and makes completion satisfy the graduation component.", "officialUrl": "https://legislature.idaho.gov/wp-content/uploads/sessioninfo/2023/legislation/H0092.pdf", "effectiveDate": "2023-07-01", "sourceId": "id-hb92" }, { "identifier": "IDAPA 08.02.03.105", "title": "High school graduation requirements", "summary": "Places one credit of economics and financial literacy within Idaho's five-credit social-studies minimum.", "officialUrl": "https://adminrules.idaho.gov/rules/current/08/080203.pdf", "effectiveDate": null, "sourceId": "id-rule" } ], "educatorNotes": [ { "text": "Choose a locally approved pathway that covers both economics and financial literacy: one combined course, two courses, qualifying CTE coursework, or the qualifying IDLA course.", "sourceIds": [ "id-implementation" ] }, { "text": "No statewide end-of-course assessment is attached to the financial literacy graduation requirement.", "sourceIds": [ "id-implementation" ] }, { "text": "Local districts may set requirements beyond Idaho's statewide minimum.", "sourceIds": [ "id-rule" ] } ], "sources": [ { "id": "id-hb92", "title": "House Bill 92: Financial literacy", "authority": "Idaho Legislature", "url": "https://legislature.idaho.gov/wp-content/uploads/sessioninfo/2023/legislation/H0092.pdf", "sourceType": "bill", "publicationDate": "2023-03-22", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Sections 1-2", "supports": [ "course offering", "student completion", "graduation component", "effective date", "core competencies" ], "excerpt": "Each school district ... shall provide to all students in grades 9 through 12 one (1) or more courses in personal financial literacy and money management." }, { "id": "id-implementation", "title": "Financial Literacy Implementation Memo", "authority": "Idaho State Department of Education", "url": "https://www.sde.idaho.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/Financial-Literacy-Implementation-Memo-July-2023.pdf", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2023-07", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "PDF pages 1-2", "supports": [ "2023-24 implementation", "course pathways", "CTE option", "IDLA option", "no assessment", "2024 waiver" ], "excerpt": "Option 1: One Course: Economics and Financial Literacy. Option 2: Two Courses: Economics AND Financial Literacy." }, { "id": "id-rule", "title": "IDAPA 08.02.03: Rules Governing Thoroughness", "authority": "Idaho State Board of Education", "url": "https://adminrules.idaho.gov/rules/current/08/080203.pdf", "sourceType": "regulation", "publicationDate": "2026-07-01", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Sections 002.14 and 105.01.c, PDF pages 4 and 9", "supports": [ "current standards adoption", "November 20, 2025 revision", "July 1, 2026 rule date", "five social-studies credits", "one economics and financial literacy credit" ], "excerpt": "Five (5) credits are required, including ... economics and financial literacy (one (1) credit)." }, { "id": "id-standards", "title": "Idaho Content Standards: K-12 Social Studies", "authority": "Idaho Department of Education", "url": "https://www.sde.idaho.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/K-12-Social-Studies-Standards.pdf", "sourceType": "standards", "publicationDate": "2025-11-20", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Economics grades 9-12, standards 9-12.EC.1 through 9-12.EC.24, document pages 64-66", "supports": [ "complete 24-standard economics framework", "11 personal finance standards" ], "excerpt": "Students will explain basic economic concepts ... and explain the concepts of personal finance." } ], "faq": [ { "question": "Does Idaho require financial literacy to graduate?", "answer": "Yes. Financial literacy coursework is part of Idaho's statewide graduation requirements beginning in the 2023-24 school year.", "sourceIds": [ "id-hb92", "id-implementation", "id-rule" ] }, { "question": "Does Idaho require a stand-alone personal finance course?", "answer": "No. LEAs may combine economics and financial literacy, use separate courses, fold the standards into approved CTE coursework, or use the qualifying IDLA course.", "sourceIds": [ "id-implementation" ] }, { "question": "How much financial literacy credit does Idaho require?", "answer": "Idaho's state minimum assigns one Idaho credit to economics and financial literacy within the five-credit social-studies requirement. The required content may be delivered through one or more courses.", "sourceIds": [ "id-rule", "id-implementation" ] }, { "question": "Is there an Idaho financial literacy end-of-course test?", "answer": "No. The Department's implementation memo states that no end-of-course assessment is tied to this requirement.", "sourceIds": [ "id-implementation" ] }, { "question": "What do Idaho's personal finance standards cover?", "answer": "The 11 personal finance standards cover goals and spending, account management, investing, credit, comparison shopping, creditworthiness, insurance, taxes, budgeting, and modern consumer tools.", "sourceIds": [ "id-standards" ] } ], "relatedStates": [] }, { "name": "Illinois", "abbreviation": "IL", "slug": "illinois", "jurisdictionType": "state", "lastReviewed": "2026-09-20", "researchStatus": "verified", "indexable": true, "seo": { "title": "Illinois Personal Finance Standards & Requirements", "description": "Learn Illinois financial literacy rules, including the nine-week high school mandate, delivery options, standards, and official state sources.", "socialImage": "/icon-512.png" }, "summary": "Illinois requires every public high-school student to take at least nine weeks of consumer education before completing grade 12. The instruction includes personal finance and financial literacy and may be embedded in another course; the statewide diploma-credit statute does not make it a separate graduation credit or require a stand-alone personal finance course.", "summarySourceIds": [ "il-school-code", "il-admin-420", "il-admin-440", "il-graduation-statute" ], "requirement": { "overallStatuses": [ "integrated_requirement" ], "standaloneCourseRequired": false, "graduationRequirement": false, "creditRequirement": "Nine weeks or the equivalent; no separate statewide credit value specified", "gradeLevels": [ "Grades 9–12", "Completed before the end of grade 12" ], "effectiveDate": null, "effectiveSchoolYear": null, "firstGraduatingClass": null, "assessmentRequired": null, "responsibleAgency": "Illinois State Board of Education", "deliveryNotes": "Each student must receive consumer education for 50 minutes per day for nine weeks or the equivalent. A district may include that instruction in another course or teach it as a separate required course, and the superintendent must keep evidence that each student received adequate instruction before completing grade 12.", "sourceIds": [ "il-school-code", "il-admin-420", "il-admin-440", "il-mandates", "il-graduation-statute" ] }, "standardsDocument": { "title": "Illinois Learning Standards for Social Science", "adoptingAuthority": "Illinois State Board of Education", "adoptionDate": "2022-02-17", "effectiveDate": "2022–23 school year", "officialUrl": "https://www.isbe.net/Documents/IL-Social-Science-Standards.pdf", "sourceId": "il-social-science-standards" }, "narrative": [ { "text": "Illinois law requires consumer education in public-school courses for grades 9–12. The statutory content includes financial literacy topics such as budgeting, saving, investing, banking, credit, taxes, insurance, student loans, identity-theft protection, homeownership, contracts, and price comparison.", "sourceIds": [ "il-school-code" ] }, { "text": "The administrative rules turn that broad statute into a student-level participation requirement: each high-school student must take 50 minutes per day for nine weeks or the equivalent. The instruction must occur before completion of grade 12, but the state does not assign a separate credit value or list consumer education among the courses that are prerequisites to a diploma.", "sourceIds": [ "il-admin-420", "il-admin-440", "il-mandates", "il-graduation-statute" ] }, { "text": "Illinois distinguishes required instruction from course format. Consumer education can be incorporated into another course or offered as a separate required course. District superintendents must retain evidence that each student received adequate instruction, but the controlling sources do not make it a separately credited statewide graduation requirement.", "sourceIds": [ "il-admin-420", "il-mandates", "il-graduation-statute" ] }, { "text": "The Illinois Learning Standards for Social Science separately establish financial literacy expectations beginning in grade 1 and continuing through high school. Those standards describe what students should learn; the nine-week consumer education rules determine the minimum high-school instructional time and delivery obligation.", "sourceIds": [ "il-social-science-standards", "il-admin-420" ] }, { "text": "House Bill 5533 proposes a one-semester stand-alone financial literacy course as a diploma prerequisite beginning with students entering grade 9 in 2029–30. The official bill record shows the proposal was re-referred to the House Rules Committee on March 27, 2026, so it is not used to classify current Illinois law.", "sourceIds": [ "il-hb5533" ] } ], "domains": [ { "name": "Illinois financial literacy learning standards", "summary": "Illinois embeds financial literacy in its social science standards from elementary school through high school. The complete financial-literacy strand is listed below; related economics standards are not relabeled as personal finance.", "standards": [ { "code": "SS.1.EC.FL.1", "title": "Income from work", "description": "Explain how people earn pay or income in exchange for work.", "gradeOrCourse": "Illinois Learning Standards for Social Science", "sourceId": "il-social-science-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 16" }, { "code": "SS.2.EC.FL.1", "title": "Saving and spending", "description": "Explain that money can be saved or spent on goods and services.", "gradeOrCourse": "Illinois Learning Standards for Social Science", "sourceId": "il-social-science-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 16" }, { "code": "SS.3.EC.FL.1", "title": "Banks and financial institutions", "description": "Describe the role of banks and other financial institutions in an economy.", "gradeOrCourse": "Illinois Learning Standards for Social Science", "sourceId": "il-social-science-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 16" }, { "code": "SS.3.EC.FL.2", "title": "Borrowing and repayment", "description": "Explain that borrowers receive something of value now and agree to repay the lender over time.", "gradeOrCourse": "Illinois Learning Standards for Social Science", "sourceId": "il-social-science-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 16" }, { "code": "SS.4.EC.FL.1", "title": "Influences on spending", "description": "Analyze how prices, advertising, peer pressure, available options, and other factors influence spending choices.", "gradeOrCourse": "Illinois Learning Standards for Social Science", "sourceId": "il-social-science-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 16" }, { "code": "SS.4.EC.FL.2", "title": "Uses of income", "description": "Explain that income can be saved, spent on goods and services, or used to pay taxes.", "gradeOrCourse": "Illinois Learning Standards for Social Science", "sourceId": "il-social-science-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 16" }, { "code": "SS.5.EC.4", "title": "Interest as a borrowing cost", "description": "Explain that interest is the price a borrower pays for using someone else’s money.", "gradeOrCourse": "Illinois Learning Standards for Social Science", "sourceId": "il-social-science-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 16" }, { "code": "SS.6-8.EC.FL.1.LC", "title": "Education, work, and income", "description": "Analyze the relationship between skills, education, jobs, and income.", "gradeOrCourse": "Illinois Learning Standards for Social Science", "sourceId": "il-social-science-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 17" }, { "code": "SS.6-8.EC.FL.1.MdC", "title": "Budget-based purchasing", "description": "Identify how people purchase goods and services while maintaining a budget based on income, taxes, saving, and interest rates.", "gradeOrCourse": "Illinois Learning Standards for Social Science", "sourceId": "il-social-science-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 17" }, { "code": "SS.6-8.EC.FL.1.MC", "title": "Credit and credit history", "description": "Describe the relationship among credit options, interest, and credit history.", "gradeOrCourse": "Illinois Learning Standards for Social Science", "sourceId": "il-social-science-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 17" }, { "code": "SS.6-8.EC.FL.2.LC", "title": "Saving relationships", "description": "Explain the relationships among savers, borrowers, interest, time, and the purposes for saving.", "gradeOrCourse": "Illinois Learning Standards for Social Science", "sourceId": "il-social-science-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 17" }, { "code": "SS.6-8.EC.FL.2.MdC", "title": "Investments, risk, and wealth", "description": "Explain the relationship among investors, investment options and their risks, and income or wealth.", "gradeOrCourse": "Illinois Learning Standards for Social Science", "sourceId": "il-social-science-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 17" }, { "code": "SS.6-8.EC.FL.2.MC", "title": "Insurance and financial risk", "description": "Analyze the relationship among financial risks, protection, insurance, and costs.", "gradeOrCourse": "Illinois Learning Standards for Social Science", "sourceId": "il-social-science-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 17" }, { "code": "SS.9-12.EC.FL.1", "title": "Individual costs and benefits", "description": "Understand how costs and benefits can depend on individual circumstances and factors outside a person’s control.", "gradeOrCourse": "Illinois Learning Standards for Social Science", "sourceId": "il-social-science-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 17" }, { "code": "SS.9-12.EC.FL.2", "title": "Informed financial decisions", "description": "Explain the importance of collecting information, planning, and budgeting while accounting for circumstances that can limit access to capital.", "gradeOrCourse": "Illinois Learning Standards for Social Science", "sourceId": "il-social-science-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 17" }, { "code": "SS.9-12.EC.FL.3", "title": "Time, interest, inflation, and saving", "description": "Explain how time, interest rates, and inflation influence saving patterns over a lifetime.", "gradeOrCourse": "Illinois Learning Standards for Social Science", "sourceId": "il-social-science-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 17" }, { "code": "SS.9-12.EC.FL.4", "title": "Credit and payment options", "description": "Analyze different credit and payment options, the roles of lenders and interest, and their effects on individuals and communities.", "gradeOrCourse": "Illinois Learning Standards for Social Science", "sourceId": "il-social-science-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 17" }, { "code": "SS.9-12.EC.FL.5", "title": "Diversified investments", "description": "Evaluate investment risks and returns while accounting for differences in individual risk disposition.", "gradeOrCourse": "Illinois Learning Standards for Social Science", "sourceId": "il-social-science-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 17" }, { "code": "SS.9-12.EC.FL.7", "title": "Bias and financial decisions", "description": "Analyze how cognitive biases, environmental influences, and access to resources and necessities affect financial decision-making.", "gradeOrCourse": "Illinois Learning Standards for Social Science", "sourceId": "il-social-science-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 17" }, { "code": "SS.9-12.EC.FL.8", "title": "Risk disposition and opportunity", "description": "Evaluate risk disposition and opportunity recognition for individuals and communities while accounting for structural influences.", "gradeOrCourse": "Illinois Learning Standards for Social Science", "sourceId": "il-social-science-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 17" }, { "code": "SS.9-12.EC.FL.9", "title": "Banking, credit, and mortgage policy", "description": "Evaluate unequal effects of government and private policies related to banking, credit, and mortgage lending and use economic indicators to analyze or propose policy.", "gradeOrCourse": "Illinois Learning Standards for Social Science", "sourceId": "il-social-science-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 17" } ] }, { "name": "Required high school consumer education topics", "summary": "Section 27-305 identifies the minimum subject matter that grades 9–12 consumer education courses must include. These statutory topics operate alongside, but are not identical to, the social science learning standards.", "standards": [ { "code": "105 ILCS 5/27-305(a)(i)", "title": "Credit and installment purchasing", "description": "Understand consumer debt, installment purchases, credit scoring, managing credit debt, and completing a loan application.", "gradeOrCourse": "Required consumer education in grades 9–12", "sourceId": "il-school-code", "sourcePage": "Subsection (a)(i)" }, { "code": "105 ILCS 5/27-305(a)(i)", "title": "Budgeting", "description": "Develop and apply budgeting concepts to personal financial decisions.", "gradeOrCourse": "Required consumer education in grades 9–12", "sourceId": "il-school-code", "sourcePage": "Subsection (a)(i)" }, { "code": "105 ILCS 5/27-305(a)(i)", "title": "Saving and investing", "description": "Understand saving and investing as parts of personal financial planning.", "gradeOrCourse": "Required consumer education in grades 9–12", "sourceId": "il-school-code", "sourcePage": "Subsection (a)(i)" }, { "code": "105 ILCS 5/27-305(a)(i)", "title": "Banking and interest", "description": "Understand banking, including balancing a checkbook, opening a deposit account, and using interest rates.", "gradeOrCourse": "Required consumer education in grades 9–12", "sourceId": "il-school-code", "sourcePage": "Subsection (a)(i)" }, { "code": "105 ILCS 5/27-305(a)(i)", "title": "Simple contracts", "description": "Understand the basic terms and obligations of simple contracts.", "gradeOrCourse": "Required consumer education in grades 9–12", "sourceId": "il-school-code", "sourcePage": "Subsection (a)(i)" }, { "code": "105 ILCS 5/27-305(a)(i)", "title": "Income taxes", "description": "Understand State and federal income taxes.", "gradeOrCourse": "Required consumer education in grades 9–12", "sourceId": "il-school-code", "sourcePage": "Subsection (a)(i)" }, { "code": "105 ILCS 5/27-305(a)(i)", "title": "Personal insurance", "description": "Understand personal insurance policies and their financial role.", "gradeOrCourse": "Required consumer education in grades 9–12", "sourceId": "il-school-code", "sourcePage": "Subsection (a)(i)" }, { "code": "105 ILCS 5/27-305(a)(i)", "title": "Comparison shopping", "description": "Compare prices as part of informed consumer decision-making.", "gradeOrCourse": "Required consumer education in grades 9–12", "sourceId": "il-school-code", "sourcePage": "Subsection (a)(i)" }, { "code": "105 ILCS 5/27-305(a)(i)", "title": "Student loans", "description": "Understand higher-education student loans and their financial consequences.", "gradeOrCourse": "Required consumer education in grades 9–12", "sourceId": "il-school-code", "sourcePage": "Subsection (a)(i)" }, { "code": "105 ILCS 5/27-305(a)(i)", "title": "Identity-theft security", "description": "Understand practices that protect personal information and reduce identity-theft risk.", "gradeOrCourse": "Required consumer education in grades 9–12", "sourceId": "il-school-code", "sourcePage": "Subsection (a)(i)" }, { "code": "105 ILCS 5/27-305(a)(i)", "title": "Homeownership and mortgages", "description": "Understand obtaining a mortgage and compare fixed-rate, adjustable-rate, subprime, and predatory lending.", "gradeOrCourse": "Required consumer education in grades 9–12", "sourceId": "il-school-code", "sourcePage": "Subsection (a)(i)" }, { "code": "105 ILCS 5/27-305(a)(ii)", "title": "Consumers in the economic system", "description": "Understand how consumers interact with agriculture, business, labor unions, and government in a mixed free-enterprise system.", "gradeOrCourse": "Required consumer education in grades 9–12", "sourceId": "il-school-code", "sourcePage": "Subsection (a)(ii)" } ] } ], "policyTimeline": [ { "date": "2015-07-15", "event": "Illinois adopted financial literacy standards within the Illinois Learning Standards for Social Science.", "sourceId": "il-social-science-standards" }, { "date": "2022-02-17", "event": "The State Board adopted revised social science standards, including the current financial literacy strand.", "sourceId": "il-social-science-standards" }, { "date": "2022–23", "event": "The revised social science standards took effect for Illinois schools.", "sourceId": "il-social-science-standards" }, { "date": "2025-08-15", "event": "Public Act 104-391 reorganized the School Code and renumbered the consumer education statute as Section 27-305 without removing the statewide requirement.", "sourceId": "il-school-code" }, { "date": "Before grade 12 completion", "event": "Each student must complete nine weeks or the equivalent of consumer education, and the district superintendent must retain evidence of adequate instruction.", "sourceId": "il-admin-420" } ], "lawsAndRules": [ { "identifier": "105 ILCS 5/27-305", "title": "Consumer education", "summary": "Requires grades 9–12 public-school courses to include consumer education and identifies the minimum financial literacy and consumer topics.", "officialUrl": "https://www.ilga.gov/legislation/ILCS/details?ActID=1005&ActName=School+Code.&ChapAct=105+ILCS+5%2F&Chapter=SCHOOLS&ChapterID=17&MajorTopic=EDUCA&SeqEnd=188800000&SeqStart=188300000", "effectiveDate": "2025-08-15 renumbering", "sourceId": "il-school-code" }, { "identifier": "23 Ill. Admin. Code 1.420(k)", "title": "Consumer Education and Protection", "summary": "Allows embedded or separate delivery, requires evidence of instruction, sets a nine-week minimum, and specifies teacher qualifications.", "officialUrl": "https://www.ilga.gov/ftp/JCAR/AdminCode/023/023000010D04200R.html", "effectiveDate": null, "sourceId": "il-admin-420" }, { "identifier": "23 Ill. Admin. Code 1.440(a)(11), (b)(3)", "title": "Additional Criteria for High Schools", "summary": "Requires consumer education in each district’s high-school curriculum and requires each student to complete nine weeks or the equivalent.", "officialUrl": "https://www.ilga.gov/agencies/JCAR/EntirePart?titlepart=02300001", "effectiveDate": null, "sourceId": "il-admin-440" }, { "identifier": "105 ILCS 5/27-605", "title": "Required high school courses", "summary": "Lists the courses that are prerequisites to a public high-school diploma and does not create a separate consumer-education or personal-finance credit.", "officialUrl": "https://www.ilga.gov/legislation/ilcs/fulltext?DocName=010500050K27-605", "effectiveDate": null, "sourceId": "il-graduation-statute" }, { "identifier": "HB 5533 (104th General Assembly)", "title": "Proposed stand-alone financial literacy graduation course", "summary": "Would establish a future one-semester stand-alone diploma requirement, but remains pending in the House Rules Committee and is not current law.", "officialUrl": "https://www.ilga.gov/Legislation/BillStatus?DocNum=5533&DocTypeID=HB&GAID=18&LegID=167540&SessionID=114", "effectiveDate": null, "sourceId": "il-hb5533" } ], "educatorNotes": [ { "text": "Schedule at least 50 minutes per day for nine weeks or an equivalent amount of instructional time in grades 9–12. The requirement may be embedded, but the school must be able to document adequate consumer education for every student before grade 12 is complete.", "sourceIds": [ "il-admin-420", "il-admin-440" ] }, { "text": "Do not treat the social science standards as a substitute for the consumer education mandate. Curriculum should address both the learning standards and the statutory consumer topics in Section 27-305.", "sourceIds": [ "il-social-science-standards", "il-school-code" ] }, { "text": "Teachers assigned to consumer education must hold a license valid for the grade levels taught and have completed at least three semester hours in consumer education courses.", "sourceIds": [ "il-admin-420" ] } ], "sources": [ { "id": "il-school-code", "title": "105 ILCS 5/27-305: Consumer education", "authority": "Illinois General Assembly, Legislative Reference Bureau", "url": "https://www.ilga.gov/legislation/ilcs/fulltext?DocName=010500050K27-305", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": "2025-08-15", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "105 ILCS 5/27-305(a)", "supports": [ "grades covered", "required consumer education topics", "State Board curriculum authority" ], "excerpt": "Pupils in the public schools in grades 9 through 12 shall be taught and be required to study courses which include instruction in the area of consumer education." }, { "id": "il-admin-420", "title": "23 Ill. Admin. Code 1.420: Basic Standards", "authority": "Illinois General Assembly, Joint Committee on Administrative Rules", "url": "https://www.ilga.gov/ftp/JCAR/AdminCode/023/023000010D04200R.html", "sourceType": "regulation", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Section 1.420(k)(1)–(4)", "supports": [ "embedded or separate delivery", "nine-week minimum", "documentation requirement", "teacher qualifications" ], "excerpt": "Consumer education may be included in course content of other courses, or it may be taught as a separate required course." }, { "id": "il-admin-440", "title": "23 Ill. Admin. Code Part 1: Additional Criteria for High Schools", "authority": "Illinois General Assembly, Joint Committee on Administrative Rules", "url": "https://www.ilga.gov/agencies/JCAR/EntirePart?titlepart=02300001", "sourceType": "regulation", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Sections 1.440(a)(11) and 1.440(b)(3), Required Participation", "supports": [ "district curriculum duty", "student participation requirement", "duration", "distinction from specific graduation requirements" ], "excerpt": "Each student shall be required to take consumer education for 50 minutes per day for a period of nine weeks in any of grades 9-12." }, { "id": "il-mandates", "title": "Illinois Instructional Mandates", "authority": "Illinois State Board of Education", "url": "https://www.isbe.net/Documents/IL-Mandated-Units-of-Study.pdf", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2025-12", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Consumer Education, PDF page 17 (document page 16)", "supports": [ "current mandate summary", "grade range", "duration", "delivery options", "completion before grade 12" ], "excerpt": "Each high school student shall be required to take consumer education for 50 minutes per day for a period of nine weeks or the equivalent." }, { "id": "il-graduation-statute", "title": "105 ILCS 5/27-605: Required high school courses", "authority": "Illinois General Assembly, Legislative Reference Bureau", "url": "https://www.ilga.gov/legislation/ilcs/fulltext?DocName=010500050K27-605", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": "2025-08-15", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Subsections (e) and (e-5), courses required as prerequisites to a diploma", "supports": [ "statewide diploma course requirements", "no separate personal-finance or consumer-education diploma credit" ], "excerpt": "As a prerequisite to receiving a high school diploma, each pupil entering the 9th grade must ... successfully complete all of the following courses." }, { "id": "il-social-science-standards", "title": "Illinois Learning Standards for Social Science", "authority": "Illinois State Board of Education", "url": "https://www.isbe.net/Documents/IL-Social-Science-Standards.pdf", "sourceType": "standards", "publicationDate": "2025-05-05", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Economics and Financial Literacy, PDF pages 16–17", "supports": [ "elementary financial literacy standards", "middle-school financial literacy standards", "high-school financial literacy standards", "explicit no-standard entry at SS.9-12.EC.FL.6" ], "excerpt": "Explain the importance of making informed financial decisions by collecting information, planning, and budgeting." }, { "id": "il-hb5533", "title": "HB 5533: Proposed stand-alone financial literacy graduation course", "authority": "Illinois General Assembly", "url": "https://www.ilga.gov/Legislation/BillStatus?DocNum=5533&DocTypeID=HB&GAID=18&LegID=167540&SessionID=114", "sourceType": "bill", "publicationDate": "2026-02-06", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Last Action; synopsis; proposed amendments to 105 ILCS 5/27-305 and 27-605", "supports": [ "pending proposal distinguished from current law", "proposed 2029-30 entering cohort" ], "excerpt": "3/27/2026 - House: Rule 19(a) / Re-referred to Rules Committee." } ], "faq": [ { "question": "Does Illinois require financial literacy in high school?", "answer": "Yes. Every public high-school student must receive consumer education that includes financial literacy topics for at least nine weeks or the equivalent before completing grade 12.", "sourceIds": [ "il-school-code", "il-admin-420", "il-admin-440" ] }, { "question": "Does Illinois require a stand-alone personal finance course?", "answer": "No. Districts may teach consumer education inside another course or as a separate required course. The student-level instruction and time requirement applies either way.", "sourceIds": [ "il-admin-420", "il-mandates" ] }, { "question": "How much consumer education does Illinois require?", "answer": "The minimum is 50 minutes per day for nine weeks or the equivalent during grades 9–12. Illinois does not state a separate statewide personal finance credit value in this rule.", "sourceIds": [ "il-admin-420", "il-admin-440" ] }, { "question": "What personal finance topics must Illinois students learn?", "answer": "The statute names credit, budgeting, saving and investing, banking and interest, contracts, income taxes, insurance, comparison shopping, student loans, identity-theft security, homeownership, mortgages, and the consumer’s role in the economy. The social science standards add grade-banded financial literacy expectations.", "sourceIds": [ "il-school-code", "il-social-science-standards" ] }, { "question": "Is Illinois consumer education a graduation requirement?", "answer": "No separate statewide diploma credit is assigned. Illinois requires every public high-school student to take the nine-week consumer-education instruction before completing grade 12, but the diploma-course statute does not list consumer education or personal finance as a separate graduation prerequisite.", "sourceIds": [ "il-admin-420", "il-admin-440", "il-graduation-statute" ] } ], "relatedStates": [] }, { "name": "Indiana", "abbreviation": "IN", "slug": "indiana", "jurisdictionType": "state", "lastReviewed": "2026-09-20", "researchStatus": "verified", "indexable": true, "seo": { "title": "Indiana Personal Finance Standards & Requirements", "description": "Learn which Indiana students must complete personal finance, the approved course options, all 33 state competencies, and the official sources behind the requirement.", "socialImage": "/icon-512.png" }, "summary": "Indiana requires students in the Class of 2028 and later to complete personal financial responsibility as a separate subject before graduation. For the Class of 2028, state guidance identifies the one-semester Personal Financial Responsibility course as the preferred option and a two-course finance pathway as an alternative. Beginning with the Class of 2029, the redesigned Indiana Diploma places one credit of approved personal finance coursework within the mathematics requirement.", "summarySourceIds": [ "in-statute", "in-implementation", "in-diploma-eligibility" ], "requirement": { "overallStatuses": [ "standalone_course_required", "graduation_requirement", "pending_or_phased" ], "standaloneCourseRequired": true, "graduationRequirement": true, "creditRequirement": "1 Indiana credit in an approved personal finance course; the Class of 2028 may alternatively complete a two-course, two-credit finance pathway", "gradeLevels": [ "Grades 8-12", "Class of 2028 and later" ], "effectiveDate": "2023-07-01", "effectiveSchoolYear": "Class of 2028 first; redesigned diploma applies statewide beginning with the Class of 2029", "firstGraduatingClass": "2028", "assessmentRequired": false, "responsibleAgency": "Indiana Department of Education and Indiana State Board of Education", "deliveryNotes": "The law requires covered students to complete the instruction as a separate subject. Course 4540 Personal Financial Responsibility is the preferred one-semester option for the Class of 2028; the alternative pairs Principles of Business Management with Personal Finance and Banking. Under the redesigned diploma for the Class of 2029 and later, the approved one-credit options are courses 4540, 4519, and 7150.", "sourceIds": [ "in-statute", "in-sea35", "in-implementation", "in-diploma-rule", "in-diploma-eligibility" ] }, "standardsDocument": { "title": "Personal Financial Responsibility Course Competencies", "adoptingAuthority": "Indiana Department of Education and Indiana Commission for Higher Education", "adoptionDate": null, "effectiveDate": null, "officialUrl": "https://www.in.gov/che/cte/career-pathways-programs-of-study/2026-2027%20NLPS%20Review%20Document?language_id=1", "sourceId": "in-standards" }, "narrative": [ { "text": "Indiana's financial literacy mandate is a graduation requirement, not merely a set of optional standards. Senate Enrolled Act 35 and the current Indiana Code require students expected to graduate in 2028 or later to complete personal financial responsibility instruction as a separate subject, and the school must certify completion before awarding a diploma.", "sourceIds": [ "in-statute", "in-sea35" ] }, { "text": "The first covered students are the Class of 2028. IDOE's implementation memo names course 4540 Personal Financial Responsibility as the preferred route. It is a one-semester, one-credit directed elective. A finance-career alternative requires both Principles of Business Management and Personal Finance and Banking, totaling two semesters and two credits.", "sourceIds": [ "in-implementation" ] }, { "text": "Indiana's redesigned diploma changes where the requirement sits, but not the need to complete it. For the Class of 2029 and later, one personal finance credit counts within the diploma's seven mathematics credits. The February 2026 eligibility memo lists Personal Financial Responsibility, AP Business with Personal Finance, and Personal Finance and Banking as approved options.", "sourceIds": [ "in-diploma-rule", "in-diploma-eligibility" ] }, { "text": "Indiana's current course 4540 framework contains 33 competencies across financial decision-making, income and careers, money management, credit and debt, insurance, and saving and investing. The competencies appear in the current state career-pathways review document; the 2024 state correlation guide maps them to Indiana's earlier grade-eight and grade-twelve financial literacy standards without treating the older standards as a substitute for the required course.", "sourceIds": [ "in-standards", "in-current-competencies", "in-finance-page" ] } ], "domains": [ { "name": "Financial responsibility and decision making", "summary": "Students use reliable information, legal protections, goal setting, communication, and privacy practices to make financial decisions.", "standards": [ { "code": "4540.D1.1", "title": "Managing individual and family finances", "description": "Apply reliable information and systematic decision-making to individual and family financial management.", "gradeOrCourse": "Course 4540 Personal Financial Responsibility", "sourceId": "in-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 1" }, { "code": "4540.D1.2", "title": "Responsibility for financial decisions", "description": "Explain lifelong financial responsibility and analyze how responsibilities differ for people with and without dependents.", "gradeOrCourse": "Course 4540 Personal Financial Responsibility", "sourceId": "in-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 1" }, { "code": "4540.D1.3", "title": "Evaluating financial information", "description": "Analyze financial sources for objectivity, accuracy, relevance, and currency and investigate current consumer fraud and online scams.", "gradeOrCourse": "Course 4540 Personal Financial Responsibility", "sourceId": "in-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 1-2" }, { "code": "4540.D1.4", "title": "Consumer protection", "description": "Use Indiana consumer-protection services, analyze legal safeguards, and demonstrate steps for resolving a consumer complaint.", "gradeOrCourse": "Course 4540 Personal Financial Responsibility", "sourceId": "in-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 2" }, { "code": "4540.D1.5", "title": "Goals, alternatives, and consequences", "description": "Set measurable financial goals, evaluate results, and apply systematic decision-making to long-term goals.", "gradeOrCourse": "Course 4540 Personal Financial Responsibility", "sourceId": "in-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 2" }, { "code": "4540.D1.6", "title": "Financial communication and contracts", "description": "Discuss financial goals and information with a potential partner and describe essential elements of personal and business contracts.", "gradeOrCourse": "Course 4540 Personal Financial Responsibility", "sourceId": "in-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 2-3" }, { "code": "4540.D1.7", "title": "Protecting personal information", "description": "Use strategies to control personal information and identify actions an identity-theft victim can take to restore security.", "gradeOrCourse": "Course 4540 Personal Financial Responsibility", "sourceId": "in-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" } ] }, { "name": "Income and careers", "summary": "Students connect education, work, entrepreneurship, taxes, and employee benefits with income and long-term financial goals.", "standards": [ { "code": "4540.D2.1", "title": "Education, income, and life choices", "description": "Analyze how education, income, career, and life choices relate to achieving financial goals.", "gradeOrCourse": "Course 4540 Personal Financial Responsibility", "sourceId": "in-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" }, { "code": "4540.D2.2", "title": "Factors affecting income", "description": "Analyze how personal circumstances, career choices, economic conditions, and entrepreneurship affect income and career potential.", "gradeOrCourse": "Course 4540 Personal Financial Responsibility", "sourceId": "in-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 3-4" }, { "code": "4540.D2.3", "title": "Sources of personal income", "description": "Compare wages, gifts, rent, interest, dividends, capital gains, tips, commissions, and business profits and analyze government-assistance participation.", "gradeOrCourse": "Course 4540 Personal Financial Responsibility", "sourceId": "in-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "4540.D2.4", "title": "Taxes, benefits, and disposable income", "description": "Analyze employee benefits and employer-sponsored or personal saving options and explain their relationship to disposable income.", "gradeOrCourse": "Course 4540 Personal Financial Responsibility", "sourceId": "in-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" } ] }, { "name": "Planning and managing money", "summary": "Students build budgets and records, use financial services, make consumer choices, plan charitable giving, and examine estate planning.", "standards": [ { "code": "4540.D3.1", "title": "Financial goals and budgets", "description": "Manage money effectively by developing financial goals and budgets.", "gradeOrCourse": "Course 4540 Personal Financial Responsibility", "sourceId": "in-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 5" }, { "code": "4540.D3.2", "title": "Personal financial plan", "description": "Create and adjust a budget, build a one-year financial plan, and plan funding for a major financial goal.", "gradeOrCourse": "Course 4540 Personal Financial Responsibility", "sourceId": "in-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 5" }, { "code": "4540.D3.3", "title": "Financial records", "description": "Record income, spending, purchases, services, and taxes using organized and digital financial-management systems.", "gradeOrCourse": "Course 4540 Personal Financial Responsibility", "sourceId": "in-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" }, { "code": "4540.D3.4", "title": "Financial institutions and payment services", "description": "Evaluate payment methods, perform basic account tasks, and investigate applications for postsecondary financial assistance.", "gradeOrCourse": "Course 4540 Personal Financial Responsibility", "sourceId": "in-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 6-7" }, { "code": "4540.D3.5", "title": "Consumer purchase decisions", "description": "Evaluate marketing and economic influences, justify buying decisions, compare opportunity costs, and recognize fraud and online threats.", "gradeOrCourse": "Course 4540 Personal Financial Responsibility", "sourceId": "in-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 7-8" }, { "code": "4540.D3.6", "title": "Giving and community", "description": "Connect charitable giving, volunteer service, and philanthropy with community development and budget resources for a contribution.", "gradeOrCourse": "Course 4540 Personal Financial Responsibility", "sourceId": "in-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 7-8" }, { "code": "4540.D3.7", "title": "Estate planning", "description": "Compare wills, living wills, trusts, pensions, retirement benefits, Social Security, and annuities as estate-planning tools.", "gradeOrCourse": "Course 4540 Personal Financial Responsibility", "sourceId": "in-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 8" } ] }, { "name": "Managing credit and debt", "summary": "Students evaluate borrowing, maintain creditworthiness, manage excessive debt, and understand consumer-credit law.", "standards": [ { "code": "4540.D4.1", "title": "Creditworthy and financially secure", "description": "Manage credit and debt to remain creditworthy and financially secure.", "gradeOrCourse": "Course 4540 Personal Financial Responsibility", "sourceId": "in-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 8" }, { "code": "4540.D4.2", "title": "Costs and benefits of credit", "description": "Evaluate borrowing costs, grace periods, interest methods, fees, and purchase alternatives for student, home, auto, and credit-card debt.", "gradeOrCourse": "Course 4540 Personal Financial Responsibility", "sourceId": "in-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 8-9" }, { "code": "4540.D4.3", "title": "Credit reports and ratings", "description": "Analyze how positive and negative credit reports affect creditworthiness and identify steps for rebuilding credit.", "gradeOrCourse": "Course 4540 Personal Financial Responsibility", "sourceId": "in-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 9" }, { "code": "4540.D4.4", "title": "Avoiding and correcting debt problems", "description": "Evaluate living beyond one's resources and actions that reduce or better manage excessive debt.", "gradeOrCourse": "Course 4540 Personal Financial Responsibility", "sourceId": "in-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 9" }, { "code": "4540.D4.5", "title": "Consumer credit laws", "description": "Use current information about consumer-credit rights and describe the rights of debtors and creditors when debt is unpaid.", "gradeOrCourse": "Course 4540 Personal Financial Responsibility", "sourceId": "in-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 9-10" } ] }, { "name": "Risk management and insurance", "summary": "Students compare financial risks and insurance choices across different stages of life.", "standards": [ { "code": "4540.D5.1", "title": "Insurance in financial planning", "description": "Analyze insurance features and the role insurance plays in balancing risk and benefit.", "gradeOrCourse": "Course 4540 Personal Financial Responsibility", "sourceId": "in-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 10" }, { "code": "4540.D5.2", "title": "Managing financial risk", "description": "Examine financial risks and manage them through avoidance, reduction, retention, assumption, or transfer.", "gradeOrCourse": "Course 4540 Personal Financial Responsibility", "sourceId": "in-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 10-11" }, { "code": "4540.D5.3", "title": "Insurance purposes, types, and costs", "description": "Evaluate coverage and cost factors for health, property, life, disability, and liability insurance at different life stages.", "gradeOrCourse": "Course 4540 Personal Financial Responsibility", "sourceId": "in-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 11" } ] }, { "name": "Saving and investing", "summary": "Students use saving, investment, interest, inflation, taxes, and regulatory protections to build long-term financial security.", "standards": [ { "code": "4540.D6.1", "title": "Long-term financial security", "description": "Analyze saving and investing as tools for building long-term financial security and wealth.", "gradeOrCourse": "Course 4540 Personal Financial Responsibility", "sourceId": "in-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 11" }, { "code": "4540.D6.2", "title": "Saving and financial well-being", "description": "Evaluate saving strategies and compare simple and compound interest at different rates.", "gradeOrCourse": "Course 4540 Personal Financial Responsibility", "sourceId": "in-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 11-12" }, { "code": "4540.D6.3", "title": "Building wealth and assets", "description": "Compare investment strategies, apply time value of money and opportunity cost, and calculate lump-sum and periodic investment values.", "gradeOrCourse": "Course 4540 Personal Financial Responsibility", "sourceId": "in-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 12" }, { "code": "4540.D6.4", "title": "Saving and investment alternatives", "description": "Compare investment options by earnings, risk, liquidity, inflation, and other economic factors.", "gradeOrCourse": "Course 4540 Personal Financial Responsibility", "sourceId": "in-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 12-13" }, { "code": "4540.D6.5", "title": "Buying and selling investments", "description": "Compare investment channels and the objectives and historical returns of different investment options.", "gradeOrCourse": "Course 4540 Personal Financial Responsibility", "sourceId": "in-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 13" }, { "code": "4540.D6.6", "title": "Investment rates of return", "description": "Analyze returns using time value of money and economic conditions and calculate taxes on investments and tax-free earnings.", "gradeOrCourse": "Course 4540 Personal Financial Responsibility", "sourceId": "in-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 13-14" }, { "code": "4540.D6.7", "title": "Financial-market regulation", "description": "Explain how Indiana and federal regulators reduce risk and identify services that protect savers and investors.", "gradeOrCourse": "Course 4540 Personal Financial Responsibility", "sourceId": "in-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 14" } ] } ], "policyTimeline": [ { "date": "2023-05-04", "event": "Governor Eric Holcomb signed Senate Enrolled Act 35, creating the separate-subject graduation requirement for the Class of 2028 and later.", "sourceId": "in-sea35" }, { "date": "2023-07-01", "event": "Senate Enrolled Act 35 took effect.", "sourceId": "in-sea35" }, { "date": "2024-02-05", "event": "IDOE published course implementation guidance for the Class of 2028 requirement.", "sourceId": "in-implementation" }, { "date": "2024-04-30", "event": "IDOE published the current course 4540 correlation guide containing 33 competencies.", "sourceId": "in-standards" }, { "date": "2025-04-09", "event": "The State Board finally adopted the redesigned Indiana Diploma rule; the rule became effective July 1, 2025.", "sourceId": "in-diploma-rule" }, { "date": "2026-02-20", "event": "IDOE updated course eligibility for the 2026-27 transition year and confirmed three one-credit personal finance options for the redesigned diploma.", "sourceId": "in-diploma-eligibility" }, { "date": "2028", "event": "The first covered cohort must complete separate-subject personal financial responsibility instruction to graduate.", "sourceId": "in-sea35" }, { "date": "2029", "event": "The redesigned diploma applies statewide and counts one approved personal finance credit within mathematics.", "sourceId": "in-diploma-eligibility" } ], "lawsAndRules": [ { "identifier": "IC 20-30-5-19", "title": "Personal financial responsibility instruction", "summary": "Requires covered schools to include specified personal finance content and requires the Class of 2028 and later to complete it as a separate subject.", "officialUrl": "https://iga.in.gov/laws/current/ic/titles/20#20-30-5-19", "effectiveDate": "2023-07-01", "sourceId": "in-statute" }, { "identifier": "IC 20-32-4-17", "title": "Personal financial responsibility graduation condition", "summary": "Makes successful completion a condition of graduation for the Class of 2028 and later and requires the school to certify completion.", "officialUrl": "https://iga.in.gov/laws/current/ic/titles/20#20-32-4-17", "effectiveDate": "2023-07-01", "sourceId": "in-statute" }, { "identifier": "511 IAC 6-7.2", "title": "Indiana Diploma requirements", "summary": "Establishes the redesigned diploma for students entering high school in 2025-26 or later, including personal finance within required mathematics credits.", "officialUrl": "https://www.in.gov/doe/files/LSA24-220_FINAL-Rule-IDOE-Diplomas.pdf", "effectiveDate": "2025-07-01", "sourceId": "in-diploma-rule" } ], "educatorNotes": [ { "text": "Use the student's expected graduation year first. Class of 2028 students follow the 2024 implementation memo, while Class of 2029 and later students are governed by the redesigned diploma and its current course-eligibility list.", "sourceIds": [ "in-implementation", "in-diploma-eligibility" ] }, { "text": "Do not satisfy the covered-cohort requirement by placing a few personal finance units inside an unrelated course. SEA 35 requires the instruction to be completed as a separate subject.", "sourceIds": [ "in-sea35" ] }, { "text": "A locally developed or commercial curriculum may be used for course 4540 when it aligns with the state competencies. The standards determine coverage; Indiana does not prescribe one vendor curriculum.", "sourceIds": [ "in-implementation", "in-standards" ] } ], "sources": [ { "id": "in-statute", "title": "Indiana Code Title 20: IC 20-30-5-19 and IC 20-32-4-17", "authority": "Indiana General Assembly", "url": "https://iga.in.gov/laws/current/ic/titles/20#20-30-5-19", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": "2026", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "IC 20-30-5-19(d)-(e) and IC 20-32-4-17", "supports": [ "separate-subject instruction", "Class of 2028 and later", "graduation condition", "school certification" ], "excerpt": "An individual ... must successfully complete instruction on personal financial responsibility ... as a separate subject to be eligible to graduate from high school." }, { "id": "in-sea35", "title": "Senate Enrolled Act 35: Financial literacy", "authority": "Indiana General Assembly", "url": "https://s3.amazonaws.com/fn-document-service/file-by-sha384/0babd1d6dca7926c8e18bab82d273110fd5bf54d15cdea2e77108210bd1d15e385f639f5589b558ec8315053491938a8", "sourceType": "bill", "publicationDate": "2023-05-04", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Sections 1-2; IC 20-30-5-19(d)-(e) and IC 20-32-4-17", "supports": [ "separate-subject requirement", "Class of 2028", "graduation condition", "school certification", "July 1, 2023 effective date" ], "excerpt": "An individual ... must successfully complete instruction on personal financial responsibility ... as a separate subject to be eligible to graduate from high school." }, { "id": "in-finance-page", "title": "Personal Finance", "authority": "Indiana Department of Education", "url": "https://www.in.gov/doe/students/indiana-academic-standards/financial-literacy/", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Indiana High School diploma and course 4540 guidance", "supports": [ "current agency overview", "Class of 2029 diploma treatment", "standards guide" ], "excerpt": "The Indiana High School diploma requires one semester of a Personal Finance course ... beginning with the 2029 cohort." }, { "id": "in-implementation", "title": "High School Personal Financial Responsibility Course and Career Planning and Coaching Standards", "authority": "Indiana Department of Education", "url": "https://content.govdelivery.com/attachments/INDOE/2024/01/31/file_attachments/2766829/Memo_%20Personal%20Financial%20Responsibility%20Course%20%26%20Career%20Planning%202_5_24.pdf", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2024-02-05", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Personal Financial Responsibility, pages 1-2", "supports": [ "Class of 2028 implementation", "eligible courses", "course duration and credits", "local curriculum option" ], "excerpt": "4540 PFR: Personal Financial Responsibility (Preferred) ... Duration: One semester, one credit." }, { "id": "in-standards", "title": "Personal Financial Responsibility Course and Financial Literacy Standards Correlation Guide", "authority": "Indiana Department of Education", "url": "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Uf0Toc3AH3mrjirJLiU6AMRmvyl6hY_3/view", "sourceType": "standards", "publicationDate": "2024-04-30", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Course 4540 competencies D1.1-D6.7, PDF pages 1-14", "supports": [ "all 33 course competencies", "six domains", "correlation to earlier standards" ], "excerpt": "This document provides correlations between the standards defined for ... Personal Financial Responsibility ... and the 2011 Indiana Academic Standards." }, { "id": "in-current-competencies", "title": "2026-2027 Next Level Programs of Study Review Document", "authority": "Indiana Commission for Higher Education", "url": "https://www.in.gov/che/cte/career-pathways-programs-of-study/2026-2027%20NLPS%20Review%20Document?language_id=1", "sourceType": "standards", "publicationDate": "2026-07", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Course 4540 Personal Financial Responsibility; competencies D1.1-D6.7", "supports": [ "current course competencies", "course 4540", "six domains", "durable state-hosted standards source" ], "excerpt": "Personal Financial Responsibility prepares students for the choices and challenges of individual and family financial management." }, { "id": "in-diploma-rule", "title": "Final Rule LSA Document #24-220: Indiana Diploma Requirements", "authority": "Indiana State Board of Education", "url": "https://www.in.gov/doe/files/LSA24-220_FINAL-Rule-IDOE-Diplomas.pdf", "sourceType": "regulation", "publicationDate": "2025-04-09", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "511 IAC 6-7.2-1 and 6-7.2-20; effective-date clause", "supports": [ "new diploma applicability", "credit framework", "personal finance within mathematics", "July 1, 2025 effective date" ], "excerpt": "Applies to a student who enters high school in the 2025-2026 school year or a subsequent school year." }, { "id": "in-diploma-eligibility", "title": "Updated 2026-2027 New Indiana Diploma Course Eligibility", "authority": "Indiana Department of Education and Indiana Commission for Higher Education", "url": "https://www.in.gov/doe/files/2.20.26-UPDATED-26-27-Indiana-Diploma-Course-Eligibility.docx.pdf", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2026-02-20", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Pages 1-2, Mathematics: Personal Finance", "supports": [ "Class of 2029 statewide implementation", "one-credit requirement", "three eligible courses" ], "excerpt": "Personal Finance: 1 Credit ... 4540 Personal Financial Responsibility; 4519 AP Business with Personal Finance; 7150 Personal Finance and Banking." }, { "id": "in-course-descriptions", "title": "2026-2027 High School Course Titles and Descriptions", "authority": "Indiana Department of Education", "url": "https://www.in.gov/doe/students/indiana-academic-standards/course-titles-descriptions/2026-2027-High%20School%20Course%20Titles%20and%20Descriptions.pdf", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2026-07-27", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Current course descriptions and course codes", "supports": [ "course titles", "course descriptions", "current reporting codes" ], "excerpt": "Personal Financial Responsibility addresses the identification and management of personal financial resources." } ], "faq": [ { "question": "Does Indiana require a personal finance course to graduate?", "answer": "Yes. Students in the Class of 2028 and later must complete personal financial responsibility instruction before graduation, and their school must certify completion.", "sourceIds": [ "in-statute", "in-sea35" ] }, { "question": "Does Indiana require personal finance as a stand-alone subject?", "answer": "Yes for the covered cohorts. Indiana Code says the required instruction must be completed as a separate subject rather than only as units inside another course.", "sourceIds": [ "in-statute" ] }, { "question": "How long is Indiana's required personal finance course?", "answer": "The preferred Class of 2028 option, course 4540 Personal Financial Responsibility, lasts one semester and awards one Indiana credit. The approved finance-pathway alternative for that cohort requires two semesters and two credits. The redesigned diploma requires one approved personal finance credit for the Class of 2029 and later.", "sourceIds": [ "in-implementation", "in-diploma-eligibility" ] }, { "question": "Which Indiana class is first covered by the financial literacy requirement?", "answer": "The Class of 2028 is first. The redesigned Indiana Diploma then applies statewide beginning with the Class of 2029.", "sourceIds": [ "in-sea35", "in-diploma-eligibility" ] }, { "question": "Which courses satisfy Indiana's personal finance requirement?", "answer": "For the redesigned diploma, the February 2026 state list includes course 4540 Personal Financial Responsibility, course 4519 AP Business with Personal Finance, and course 7150 Personal Finance and Banking. Class of 2028 implementation guidance identifies course 4540 as preferred and a two-course finance pathway as the alternative.", "sourceIds": [ "in-implementation", "in-diploma-eligibility" ] } ], "relatedStates": [] }, { "name": "Iowa", "abbreviation": "IA", "slug": "iowa", "jurisdictionType": "state", "lastReviewed": "2026-09-20", "researchStatus": "verified", "indexable": true, "seo": { "title": "Iowa Personal Finance Standards & Requirements", "description": "Iowa requires schools to offer and teach one-half unit of personal finance, but state law no longer makes student completion a statewide graduation condition. See the standards and official sources.", "socialImage": "/icon-512.png" }, "summary": "Iowa requires each public school district and accredited nonpublic school to offer and teach one-half unit of personal finance literacy. The instruction may be a dedicated course or incorporated into science, social studies, English language arts, mathematics, additional mathematics, or career and technical education. Since July 1, 2023, completing the half unit is not a statewide graduation requirement; local boards may still require it, and approved flexible student and school support plans may temporarily exempt a school from the offer-and-teach standard.", "summarySourceIds": [ "ia-code", "ia-guidance", "ia-sf391" ], "requirement": { "overallStatuses": [ "integrated_requirement" ], "standaloneCourseRequired": false, "graduationRequirement": false, "creditRequirement": "Schools must offer and teach one-half unit; student completion for graduation is a local decision", "gradeLevels": [ "High school", "K-12 standards" ], "effectiveDate": "2023-07-01", "effectiveSchoolYear": null, "firstGraduatingClass": null, "assessmentRequired": null, "responsibleAgency": "Iowa Department of Education", "deliveryNotes": "The half unit may be taught as a dedicated course or incorporated into science, social studies, English language arts, mathematics, additional mathematics, or career and technical education. State law requires schools to offer and teach it but does not require every student to complete it for graduation. A state-approved flexible student and school support plan may grant a temporary exemption from the subsection 5 standard.", "sourceIds": [ "ia-code", "ia-guidance", "ia-sf391" ] }, "standardsDocument": { "title": "Iowa Academic Standards for Social Studies", "adoptingAuthority": "Iowa State Board of Education", "adoptionDate": "2026-01-15", "effectiveDate": null, "officialUrl": "https://educate.iowa.gov/media/5527/download?inline=", "sourceId": "ia-standards" }, "narrative": [ { "text": "Iowa's current financial literacy requirement applies directly to schools: every public district and accredited nonpublic school must offer and teach one-half unit. State law does not currently require every student to complete that half unit as a condition of graduation.", "sourceIds": [ "ia-code", "ia-guidance" ] }, { "text": "Delivery is intentionally flexible. Current Iowa law allows a dedicated personal finance course or incorporation into science, social studies, English language arts, mathematics, additional mathematics, or career and technical education, provided the required statutory curriculum is taught.", "sourceIds": [ "ia-code" ] }, { "text": "Senate File 391 changed the rule effective July 1, 2023. It preserved the offer-and-teach requirement and the statutory content but removed the earlier statewide student-completion condition; districts may still adopt a local graduation requirement.", "sourceIds": [ "ia-sf391", "ia-guidance" ] }, { "text": "The State Board adopted revised social studies standards on January 15, 2026. Their 11 high-school financial literacy standards cover careers, income, postsecondary planning, budgeting, saving, investing, taxes, credit, insurance, identity theft, and fraud. The statute separately specifies nine detailed curriculum categories for the offered half unit.", "sourceIds": [ "ia-de-page", "ia-standards", "ia-code" ] }, { "text": "Iowa Code also allows a school board to seek a flexible student and school support plan that may include a temporary exemption from subsection 256.11(5), including the personal-finance offer-and-teach provision. An approved exemption may last up to three years before renewal is required.", "sourceIds": [ "ia-code" ] } ], "domains": [ { "name": "Iowa high-school financial literacy standards", "summary": "The social studies standards adopted January 15, 2026 include 11 high-school financial literacy expectations.", "standards": [ { "code": "SS.9-12.FL.1", "title": "Career choices", "description": "Compare career choices using preparation, salary, benefits, and growth potential.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "ia-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 141" }, { "code": "SS.9-12.FL.2", "title": "Income", "description": "Identify sources of income and factors that affect earning potential.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "ia-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 141" }, { "code": "SS.9-12.FL3", "title": "Postsecondary plan", "description": "Create a post-high-school plan that includes career preparation and financial goals.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "ia-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 141" }, { "code": "SS.9-12.FL.4", "title": "Budgeting", "description": "Create and evaluate a budget based on financial goals, income, and expenses.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "ia-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 142" }, { "code": "SS.9-12.FL.5", "title": "Saving", "description": "Explain how saving supports financial security, resilience, and decision-making.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "ia-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 142" }, { "code": "SS.9-12.FL.6", "title": "Investing", "description": "Compare investment tools for meeting financial goals, including risk, return, liquidity, diversification, and time horizon.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "ia-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 143" }, { "code": "SS.9-12.FL.7", "title": "Taxes", "description": "Identify the impact of taxes on personal income and spending power.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "ia-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 144" }, { "code": "SS.9-12.FL.8", "title": "How credit works", "description": "Describe how credit works and how it is used, including credit reports, scores, products, costs, and responsibilities.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "ia-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 145" }, { "code": "SS.9-12.FL.9", "title": "Costs and benefits of credit", "description": "Analyze the costs and benefits of different types of credit.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "ia-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 145" }, { "code": "SS.9-12.FL.10", "title": "Insurance", "description": "Explain how insurance operates as a tool for risk management.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "ia-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 146" }, { "code": "SS.9-12.FL.11", "title": "Identity and fraud protection", "description": "Apply strategies for protecting personal information, identity, and financial accounts from fraud.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "ia-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 147" } ] }, { "name": "Required half-unit curriculum under Iowa Code section 256.11", "summary": "In addition to the academic standards, Iowa law enumerates nine content categories for the half unit schools must offer and teach.", "standards": [ { "code": "Iowa Code § 256.11(5)(a)(1)", "title": "Saving and wealth building", "description": "Teach saving for emergencies and major purchases and building long-term wealth.", "gradeOrCourse": "One-half-unit high-school offering", "sourceId": "ia-code", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" }, { "code": "Iowa Code § 256.11(5)(a)(2)", "title": "Investment fundamentals", "description": "Cover simple and compound interest, liquidity, diversification, risk and return, and common investment products.", "gradeOrCourse": "One-half-unit high-school offering", "sourceId": "ia-code", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" }, { "code": "Iowa Code § 256.11(5)(a)(3)", "title": "Retirement and education accounts", "description": "Address tax-favored savings, retirement plans, education savings, and transfers or gifts to minors.", "gradeOrCourse": "One-half-unit high-school offering", "sourceId": "ia-code", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" }, { "code": "Iowa Code § 256.11(5)(a)(4)", "title": "Credit and debt", "description": "Address credit, consumer debt, payday and rent-to-own products, leasing, cosigning, consolidation, and debt avoidance.", "gradeOrCourse": "One-half-unit high-school offering", "sourceId": "ia-code", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" }, { "code": "Iowa Code § 256.11(5)(a)(5)", "title": "Credit reporting and consumer law", "description": "Cover credit reports and scores, creditor practices, bankruptcy, debt collection, and consumer marketing.", "gradeOrCourse": "One-half-unit high-school offering", "sourceId": "ia-code", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" }, { "code": "Iowa Code § 256.11(5)(a)(6)", "title": "Budgeting and money management", "description": "Develop responsibility through written budgets, account records, negotiation, and understanding personal money traits.", "gradeOrCourse": "One-half-unit high-school offering", "sourceId": "ia-code", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "Iowa Code § 256.11(5)(a)(7)", "title": "Income, careers, taxes, and risk", "description": "Connect insurance and risk management with income, career choices, job search, payroll taxes, and public revenue.", "gradeOrCourse": "One-half-unit high-school offering", "sourceId": "ia-code", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "Iowa Code § 256.11(5)(a)(8)", "title": "Insurance products", "description": "Explain common insurance types, terms, costs, and consumer considerations.", "gradeOrCourse": "One-half-unit high-school offering", "sourceId": "ia-code", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "Iowa Code § 256.11(5)(a)(9)", "title": "Housing and mortgages", "description": "Compare buying, selling, and renting real estate and understand common mortgage products.", "gradeOrCourse": "One-half-unit high-school offering", "sourceId": "ia-code", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" } ] } ], "policyTimeline": [ { "date": "2018-04-17", "event": "Senate File 2415 established the earlier half-unit student-completion requirement.", "sourceId": "ia-sf2415" }, { "date": "2023-05-26", "event": "The governor approved Senate File 391, removing statewide student completion while preserving the offer-and-teach rule.", "sourceId": "ia-sf391" }, { "date": "2023-07-01", "event": "The current offer-and-teach framework took effect.", "sourceId": "ia-sf391" }, { "date": "2024-11-13", "event": "The Department published updated Financial Literacy Guidance explaining the current rule.", "sourceId": "ia-guidance" }, { "date": "2026-01-15", "event": "The State Board adopted revised social studies standards containing 11 high-school financial literacy standards.", "sourceId": "ia-de-page" } ], "lawsAndRules": [ { "identifier": "Iowa Code § 256.11(5)(k)", "title": "Educational standards: personal finance literacy", "summary": "Requires public districts and accredited nonpublic schools to offer and teach one-half unit of personal finance literacy, either separately or through permitted subject areas; subsection 8 permits approved temporary exemptions from subsection 5.", "officialUrl": "https://www.legis.iowa.gov/docs/code/256.11.pdf", "effectiveDate": "2023-07-01", "sourceId": "ia-code" } ], "educatorNotes": [ { "text": "Ensure the school offers and teaches the full half unit, whether through a dedicated course or an approved integrated plan covering every statutory topic.", "sourceIds": [ "ia-code", "ia-guidance" ] }, { "text": "Do not describe Iowa's statewide rule as requiring every student to complete personal finance for graduation. Student completion is now a local board decision.", "sourceIds": [ "ia-guidance", "ia-sf391" ] }, { "text": "Check whether the school operates under an approved flexible student and school support plan, because Iowa Code section 256.11(8) may temporarily exempt it from the subsection 5 offer-and-teach standard.", "sourceIds": [ "ia-code" ] } ], "sources": [ { "id": "ia-code", "title": "Iowa Code section 256.11, Educational standards", "authority": "Iowa General Assembly", "url": "https://www.legis.iowa.gov/docs/code/256.11.pdf", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": "2026", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "§ 256.11(5)(k) and (8), PDF pages 4-6", "supports": [ "half-unit offer-and-teach rule", "integrated delivery", "permitted subjects", "nine curriculum categories", "temporary exemption plan" ], "excerpt": "The board of directors of each school district shall offer and teach one-half unit of personal finance literacy." }, { "id": "ia-guidance", "title": "Financial Literacy Guidance", "authority": "Iowa Department of Education", "url": "https://educate.iowa.gov/media/6285/download?inline=", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2024-11-13", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Current requirements and delivery options, pages 1-2", "supports": [ "no statewide student completion", "local graduation discretion", "offer-and-teach rule", "implementation history" ], "excerpt": "Completion of one-half unit of personal finance literacy is no longer a condition for graduation." }, { "id": "ia-sf391", "title": "Senate File 391, Enrolled Act", "authority": "Iowa General Assembly", "url": "https://www.legis.iowa.gov/docs/publications/LGE/90/SF391.pdf", "sourceType": "bill", "publicationDate": "2023-05-26", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Section 1, amendment to Iowa Code § 256.11; effective-date clause", "supports": [ "removal of student completion", "continued school offering", "July 1, 2023 effective date" ], "excerpt": "The one-half unit of personal finance literacy ... may be taught as a standalone course or integrated into one or more other courses." }, { "id": "ia-standards", "title": "Iowa Academic Standards for Social Studies", "authority": "Iowa Department of Education", "url": "https://educate.iowa.gov/media/5527/download?inline=", "sourceType": "standards", "publicationDate": "2026-01-15", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "9th-12th Grade Financial Literacy, standards SS.9-12.FL.1 through SS.9-12.FL.11, PDF pages 141-147", "supports": [ "complete current high-school financial literacy standards", "standards codes", "content scope" ], "excerpt": "The financial literacy standards promote the goal of financial capability by equipping students with essential knowledge and skills to make informed and responsible financial decisions." }, { "id": "ia-de-page", "title": "Social Studies", "authority": "Iowa Department of Education", "url": "https://educate.iowa.gov/pk-12/standards/academics/social-studies", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2026-01-15", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Current social studies standards adoption notice and download", "supports": [ "current standards framework", "January 15, 2026 adoption", "implementation resources" ], "excerpt": "The State Board of Education adopted revised social studies standards on January 15, 2026." }, { "id": "ia-sf2415", "title": "Senate File 2415, Enrolled Act", "authority": "Iowa General Assembly", "url": "https://www.legis.iowa.gov/docs/publications/LGE/87/SF2415.pdf", "sourceType": "bill", "publicationDate": "2018-04-17", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Financial literacy amendments to Iowa Code § 256.11", "supports": [ "historical student-completion rule", "policy timeline" ], "excerpt": "All students shall complete at least one-half unit of personal finance literacy as a condition of graduation." } ], "faq": [ { "question": "Does Iowa require financial literacy to graduate?", "answer": "Not as a statewide student-completion condition. Iowa requires schools to offer and teach one-half unit, but local boards decide whether students must complete it for graduation.", "sourceIds": [ "ia-guidance", "ia-sf391" ] }, { "question": "Does Iowa require a stand-alone personal finance course?", "answer": "No. The half unit may be dedicated or incorporated into science, social studies, English language arts, mathematics, additional mathematics, or career and technical education.", "sourceIds": [ "ia-code" ] }, { "question": "Why do some older Iowa sources call personal finance a graduation requirement?", "answer": "An earlier law did require student completion. Senate File 391 removed that statewide condition effective July 1, 2023, while keeping the school offer-and-teach requirement.", "sourceIds": [ "ia-sf2415", "ia-sf391", "ia-guidance" ] }, { "question": "How much personal finance must Iowa schools offer?", "answer": "Each public district and accredited nonpublic school must offer and teach one-half unit of personal finance literacy.", "sourceIds": [ "ia-code" ] }, { "question": "Can an Iowa school be exempt from the offer-and-teach rule?", "answer": "Potentially. A state-approved flexible student and school support plan may temporarily exempt a school from subsection 256.11(5), with approval lasting no more than three years before renewal.", "sourceIds": [ "ia-code" ] }, { "question": "What do Iowa's current financial literacy standards cover?", "answer": "The 11 high-school standards adopted in 2026 cover careers, income, postsecondary planning, budgeting, saving, investing, taxes, credit, insurance, identity protection, and fraud prevention. The statute separately adds nine detailed curriculum categories.", "sourceIds": [ "ia-standards", "ia-code" ] } ], "relatedStates": [] }, { "name": "Kansas", "abbreviation": "KS", "slug": "kansas", "jurisdictionType": "state", "lastReviewed": "2026-09-20", "researchStatus": "verified", "indexable": true, "seo": { "title": "Kansas Personal Finance Standards & Requirements", "description": "Kansas requires the class of 2028 and later to complete one-half unit of financial literacy. Review the course rule, six adopted content areas, and official sources.", "socialImage": "/icon-512.png" }, "summary": "Kansas requires students in the class of 2028 and later to complete one-half unit of financial literacy for graduation. KSDE describes it as a one-semester Financial Literacy course focused on earning income, spending, saving, investing, managing credit, and managing risk. Districts retain flexibility over course placement and teacher assignment, but the half-unit is a distinct state minimum graduation requirement.", "summarySourceIds": [ "ks-grad-fact-sheet", "ks-financial-literacy", "ks-grad-faq" ], "requirement": { "overallStatuses": [ "standalone_course_required", "graduation_requirement" ], "standaloneCourseRequired": true, "graduationRequirement": true, "creditRequirement": "0.5 unit", "gradeLevels": [ "High school" ], "effectiveDate": null, "effectiveSchoolYear": null, "firstGraduatingClass": "2028", "assessmentRequired": null, "responsibleAgency": "Kansas State Department of Education", "deliveryNotes": "KSDE identifies a half-unit Financial Literacy course within Employability and Life Skills. Districts decide its curricular placement and verify teachers' financial-literacy training; local boards may require more than the state minimum.", "sourceIds": [ "ks-regulation", "ks-grad-fact-sheet", "ks-financial-literacy", "ks-grad-faq" ] }, "standardsDocument": { "title": "National Standards for Personal Financial Education", "adoptingAuthority": "Kansas State Board of Education", "adoptionDate": "2022-07", "effectiveDate": null, "officialUrl": "https://www.ksde.gov/docs/default-source/csas/national-standards-for-personal-financial-education.pdf?Status=Master&sfvrsn=b3a78513_4", "sourceId": "ks-standards" }, "narrative": [ { "text": "Kansas's class-of-2028 graduation framework includes one-half unit of financial literacy among the state minimum credits. Current K.A.R. 91-31-35 places the half-unit in the 21-unit minimum and prohibits one unit from satisfying two graduation categories at once.", "sourceIds": [ "ks-regulation", "ks-grad-fact-sheet" ] }, { "text": "The required course is distinct, but implementation remains locally flexible. KSDE places it within Employability and Life Skills, allows any appropriately leveled standard license when the district verifies targeted financial-literacy training, and leaves curricular placement to the district.", "sourceIds": [ "ks-grad-faq", "ks-financial-literacy" ] }, { "text": "The State Board adopted the 2021 National Standards for Personal Financial Education in July 2022, and the class-of-2028 graduation framework includes one-half unit of financial literacy. The six content areas are earning income, spending, saving, investing, managing credit, and managing risk.", "sourceIds": [ "ks-financial-literacy", "ks-grad-fact-sheet", "ks-standards", "ks-grad-faq" ] }, { "text": "FAFSA completion is not part of the current graduation requirements. A sentence on the KSDE Financial Literacy subject page still describes the former FAFSA-with-opt-out policy, but the May 30, 2025 regulation removed FAFSA and the current graduation FAQ expressly says it is no longer required.", "sourceIds": [ "ks-regulation", "ks-grad-faq", "ks-financial-literacy" ] }, { "text": "A separate Kansas statute directs the State Board to maintain personal financial literacy standards for all grade levels within mathematics or another appropriate subject and to include financial-literacy questions in statewide mathematics or social studies assessments. That broader K-12 framework is separate from the class-of-2028 half-unit graduation course.", "sourceIds": [ "ks-statute" ] } ], "domains": [ { "name": "Kansas-adopted personal financial education framework", "summary": "Kansas adopted the national framework's six complete content areas in July 2022. The class-of-2028 course description uses the same six areas.", "standards": [ { "code": "NSPFE I", "title": "Earning Income", "description": "Understand wages, salaries, entrepreneurship, employee benefits, education and training choices, career potential, taxes, and the difference between gross and spendable income.", "gradeOrCourse": "K-12 framework; emphasized in the high school graduation course", "sourceId": "ks-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 7 and 9-13" }, { "code": "NSPFE II", "title": "Spending", "description": "Use budgets and informed consumer decisions to allocate income among needs, wants, giving, saving, and investing while considering price, quality, payment method, and outside influences.", "gradeOrCourse": "K-12 framework; emphasized in the high school graduation course", "sourceId": "ks-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 7 and 14-18" }, { "code": "NSPFE III", "title": "Saving", "description": "Evaluate reasons to save, account types, deposit insurance, liquidity, fees, interest rates, and compounding when preparing for emergencies and future purchases.", "gradeOrCourse": "K-12 framework; emphasized in the high school graduation course", "sourceId": "ks-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 7 and 19-23" }, { "code": "NSPFE IV", "title": "Investing", "description": "Use risk, return, diversification, compounding, time horizon, and investment characteristics to plan for long-term financial goals.", "gradeOrCourse": "K-12 framework; emphasized in the high school graduation course", "sourceId": "ks-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 7-8 and 24-29" }, { "code": "NSPFE V", "title": "Managing Credit", "description": "Evaluate borrowing choices, creditworthiness, credit reports and scores, interest and fees, credit cards, auto and mortgage loans, and postsecondary financing.", "gradeOrCourse": "K-12 framework; emphasized in the high school graduation course", "sourceId": "ks-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 8 and 30-35" }, { "code": "NSPFE VI", "title": "Managing Risk", "description": "Identify personal and financial risks and evaluate risk acceptance, reduction, and transfer through insurance while protecting against identity theft and fraud.", "gradeOrCourse": "K-12 framework; emphasized in the high school graduation course", "sourceId": "ks-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 8 and 36-40" } ] } ], "policyTimeline": [ { "date": "2003", "event": "Kansas enacted the statutory K-12 personal financial literacy program and standards framework.", "sourceId": "ks-statute" }, { "date": "2022-07", "event": "The State Board adopted the National Standards for Personal Financial Education.", "sourceId": "ks-financial-literacy" }, { "date": "2024-07-05", "event": "K.A.R. 91-31-35 was amended to codify one-half unit of financial literacy in the state minimum graduation requirements.", "sourceId": "ks-regulation" }, { "date": "2025-05-30", "event": "The current regulation took effect after removing the FAFSA filing requirement while retaining the financial-literacy unit.", "sourceId": "ks-regulation" } ], "lawsAndRules": [ { "identifier": "K.A.R. 91-31-35", "title": "Kansas graduation requirements", "summary": "Requires local graduation policies to include one-half unit of financial literacy within the 21-unit state minimum and prohibits double counting a unit across graduation categories.", "officialUrl": "https://sos.ks.gov/publications/Register/Volume-44/Issues/Issue-20/05-15-25-53154.html", "effectiveDate": "2025-05-30", "sourceId": "ks-regulation" }, { "identifier": "K.S.A. 72-3236", "title": "Personal financial literacy programs", "summary": "Directs the State Board to develop K-12 standards, implementation resources, a common glossary, and financial-literacy assessment questions.", "officialUrl": "https://www.kslegislature.gov/b2025_26/laws/072_000_0000_chapter/072_032_0000_article/072_032_0036_section/072_032_0036_k/", "effectiveDate": "2003-07-01", "sourceId": "ks-statute" } ], "educatorNotes": [ { "text": "Schedule one-half unit of Financial Literacy for students in the class of 2028 and later and align the course to all six Kansas-adopted content areas.", "sourceIds": [ "ks-grad-fact-sheet", "ks-standards" ] }, { "text": "Document district-verified financial-literacy training for the assigned teacher; KSDE allows any standard license at the appropriate level when this training is verified.", "sourceIds": [ "ks-grad-faq" ] } ], "sources": [ { "id": "ks-regulation", "title": "K.A.R. 91-31-35 — Graduation requirements", "authority": "Kansas Secretary of State and Kansas State Department of Education", "url": "https://sos.ks.gov/publications/Register/Volume-44/Issues/Issue-20/05-15-25-53154.html", "sourceType": "regulation", "publicationDate": "2025-05-15", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Subsections (a)(7), (b)-(d), and amendment history", "supports": [ "half-unit requirement", "21-unit minimum", "no double counting", "local additions", "current effective date", "FAFSA removal" ], "excerpt": "One-half unit of financial literacy." }, { "id": "ks-grad-fact-sheet", "title": "Kansas Graduation Requirements — Class of 2028 and Beyond", "authority": "Kansas State Department of Education", "url": "https://www.ksde.gov/docs/default-source/csas/graduation-requirements-fact-sheet---class-of-2028-and-beyond.pdf?Status=Master&sfvrsn=fee11b5f_7", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "PDF page 1, minimum high school graduation requirements", "supports": [ "half-unit requirement", "class of 2028", "state minimum credits", "local board policy" ], "excerpt": "One half unit of financial literacy." }, { "id": "ks-financial-literacy", "title": "Financial Literacy", "authority": "Kansas State Department of Education", "url": "https://www.ksde.gov/student-success/resources-by-subject-area/financial-literacy", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Standards; Class of 2028 Graduation Requirement; Course Description", "supports": [ "one-semester course", "class of 2028", "course content", "July 2022 standards adoption" ], "excerpt": "Kansas now requires high school students, starting with the Class of 2028, to complete a one-semester financial literacy course to graduate." }, { "id": "ks-grad-faq", "title": "Graduation Requirement FAQs", "authority": "Kansas State Department of Education", "url": "https://www.ksde.gov/student-success/graduation/graduation-requirement-faqs", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Financial Literacy section", "supports": [ "course title", "course description", "teacher qualifications", "district flexibility", "six topics" ], "excerpt": "Financial literacy course provides students with an understanding of the concepts, principles and skills involved in making and applying sound financial decisions." }, { "id": "ks-standards", "title": "National Standards for Personal Financial Education", "authority": "Kansas State Department of Education and Kansas State Board of Education", "url": "https://www.ksde.gov/docs/default-source/csas/national-standards-for-personal-financial-education.pdf?Status=Master&sfvrsn=b3a78513_4", "sourceType": "standards", "publicationDate": "2021", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "PDF pages 7-40, content areas I-VI; KSDE page notes July 2022 adoption", "supports": [ "complete adopted framework", "six content areas", "grade-12 learning progression" ], "excerpt": "The National Standards are organized into six topic areas: Earning Income, Spending, Saving, Investing, Managing Credit, and Managing Risk." }, { "id": "ks-statute", "title": "K.S.A. 72-3236 — Personal financial literacy programs", "authority": "Kansas Legislature", "url": "https://www.kslegislature.gov/b2025_26/laws/072_000_0000_chapter/072_032_0000_article/072_032_0036_section/072_032_0036_k/", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": "2026", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Subsections (a)-(e)", "supports": [ "K-12 standards", "integration subjects", "state assessments", "state-board duties" ], "excerpt": "The state board of education shall develop state curriculum standards for personal financial literacy, for all grade levels." } ], "faq": [ { "question": "Does Kansas require financial literacy to graduate?", "answer": "Yes. Students in the class of 2028 and later must complete one-half unit of financial literacy as part of the Kansas minimum graduation requirements.", "sourceIds": [ "ks-grad-fact-sheet", "ks-financial-literacy" ] }, { "question": "Does Kansas require a personal finance course?", "answer": "Yes. KSDE describes the requirement as a one-semester Financial Literacy course worth one-half unit.", "sourceIds": [ "ks-financial-literacy", "ks-grad-fact-sheet" ] }, { "question": "What does the Kansas financial literacy course cover?", "answer": "The course emphasizes six areas: earning income, spending, saving, investing, managing credit, and managing risk.", "sourceIds": [ "ks-financial-literacy", "ks-standards" ] }, { "question": "Who may teach financial literacy in Kansas?", "answer": "KSDE allows an educator with any standard license at the appropriate level when the district verifies relevant financial-literacy training.", "sourceIds": [ "ks-grad-faq" ] }, { "question": "Does Kansas require FAFSA completion for graduation?", "answer": "No. Current KSDE graduation guidance states that FAFSA completion is not a graduation requirement.", "sourceIds": [ "ks-grad-fact-sheet", "ks-grad-faq" ] } ], "relatedStates": [ "nebraska", "oklahoma" ] }, { "name": "Kentucky", "abbreviation": "KY", "slug": "kentucky", "jurisdictionType": "state", "lastReviewed": "2026-09-20", "researchStatus": "verified", "indexable": true, "seo": { "title": "Kentucky Personal Finance Standards & Requirements", "description": "Kentucky requires a one-credit financial literacy course for students entering grade 9 on or after July 1, 2025. Review earlier cohorts, standards, course options, and official sources.", "socialImage": "/icon-512.png" }, "summary": "Kentucky requires students entering grade 9 on or after July 1, 2025 to complete a one-credit financial literacy course for public high school graduation. The credit counts as an elective and must align with the student's Individual Learning Plan. KDE publishes qualifying course-code options, including interdisciplinary and special-education routes, while districts choose their local offerings. Earlier covered cohorts, beginning with students who entered grade 9 in 2020-21, must complete one or more courses or programs meeting Kentucky's financial literacy standards but do not owe the new full-credit course.", "summarySourceIds": [ "ky-statute", "ky-guidance", "ky-standards" ], "requirement": { "overallStatuses": [ "graduation_requirement", "integrated_requirement" ], "standaloneCourseRequired": false, "graduationRequirement": true, "creditRequirement": "1 elective credit for students entering grade 9 on or after July 1, 2025; earlier covered cohorts complete one or more standards-aligned courses or programs", "gradeLevels": [ "Grades 9-12" ], "effectiveDate": "2025-06-27", "effectiveSchoolYear": "2025-26 entering grade-9 cohort", "firstGraduatingClass": null, "assessmentRequired": null, "responsibleAgency": "Kentucky Department of Education and Kentucky Board of Education", "deliveryNotes": "The one-credit course counts as an elective and applies to Early Graduation Program students. Districts choose local curricula aligned to the state standards. KDE identifies qualifying uniform course codes, including interdisciplinary and special-education options, and permits Carnegie-unit or qualifying performance-based credit under local board policy.", "sourceIds": [ "ky-statute", "ky-regulation", "ky-guidance", "ky-grad-page" ] }, "standardsDocument": { "title": "Kentucky Academic Standards: Career Studies and Financial Literacy", "adoptingAuthority": "Kentucky Board of Education", "adoptionDate": null, "effectiveDate": "2025-10-14", "officialUrl": "https://www.education.ky.gov/curriculum/standards/kyacadstand/Documents/MIR_704_KAR_8.080_Kentucky_Academic_Standards_for_Career_Studies.pdf", "sourceId": "ky-standards" }, "narrative": [ { "text": "Kentucky now has two cohort rules. Students who entered grade 9 on or before June 30, 2025 must complete one or more courses or programs meeting the financial literacy standards. Students entering grade 9 on or after July 1, 2025 must complete a full one-credit financial literacy course.", "sourceIds": [ "ky-statute", "ky-regulation" ] }, { "text": "The new course is a graduation requirement and must be accepted as an elective. It must align with the student's Individual Learning Plan and cover budgeting, saving and investing, credit and debt, insurance and risk, taxes, and careful review of documents before signing, including the ability to sign in cursive.", "sourceIds": [ "ky-statute", "ky-guidance" ] }, { "text": "Kentucky does not prescribe one statewide curriculum or require one universally stand-alone course. Local superintendents determine curricula after consulting local boards, school councils, and principals, while the Department identifies eligible course codes. Current guidance lists general, mathematics, CTE, interdisciplinary, and special-education course options.", "sourceIds": [ "ky-statute", "ky-guidance" ] }, { "text": "The 2025 Kentucky Academic Standards contain 26 high-school financial literacy standards across earning and income, credit and debt, decision-making and money management, saving and investing, money and the economy, and insurance and risk management.", "sourceIds": [ "ky-standards", "ky-standards-page" ] } ], "domains": [ { "name": "Earning and income", "summary": "Five standards connect education, careers, compensation, taxes, and postsecondary financing.", "standards": [ { "code": "FL.H.1", "title": "Identify the financial impacts of a career choice, including goals,…", "description": "Identify the financial impacts of a career choice, including goals, education, training, and employment type.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "ky-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 29-30" }, { "code": "FL.H.2", "title": "Analyze how economic conditions affect income and career opportunities", "description": "Analyze how economic conditions affect income and career opportunities.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "ky-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 29-30" }, { "code": "FL.H.3", "title": "Evaluate costs and funding sources for postsecondary education and…", "description": "Evaluate costs and funding sources for postsecondary education and training, including FAFSA and repayment obligations.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "ky-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 29-30" }, { "code": "FL.H.4", "title": "Analyze employment compensation, benefits, retirement plans, and…", "description": "Analyze employment compensation, benefits, retirement plans, and non-income tradeoffs.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "ky-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 29-30" }, { "code": "FL.H.5", "title": "Analyze net income, tax liability, earnings statements, taxable income,…", "description": "Analyze net income, tax liability, earnings statements, taxable income, and common federal forms.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "ky-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 29-30" } ] }, { "name": "Credit and debt", "summary": "Two broad standards require practical analysis of reports, scores, borrowing costs, debt, and consumer responsibilities.", "standards": [ { "code": "FL.H.6", "title": "Develop strategies to control and manage credit and debt, including…", "description": "Develop strategies to control and manage credit and debt, including reports, scores, repayment trouble, and bankruptcy.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "ky-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 30" }, { "code": "FL.H.7", "title": "Analyze credit costs and benefits, creditworthiness, loan types,…", "description": "Analyze credit costs and benefits, creditworthiness, loan types, borrower rights, and high-cost lending.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "ky-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 30" } ] }, { "name": "Decision-making and money management", "summary": "Six standards address behavioral influences, goals, budgets, institutions, payments, and professional services.", "standards": [ { "code": "FL.H.8", "title": "Identify why people make financial choices and analyze emotions,…", "description": "Identify why people make financial choices and analyze emotions, responsibility, opportunity cost, social media, and marketing.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "ky-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 30-31" }, { "code": "FL.H.9", "title": "Explore decision-making and goal-setting models for informed consumer…", "description": "Explore decision-making and goal-setting models for informed consumer choices.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "ky-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 30-31" }, { "code": "FL.H.10", "title": "Identify the components of a personal budget, including goals, fixed and…", "description": "Identify the components of a personal budget, including goals, fixed and variable expenses, emergency funds, insurance, and tracking tools.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "ky-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 30-31" }, { "code": "FL.H.11", "title": "Identify major financial institutions and their products and services", "description": "Identify major financial institutions and their products and services.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "ky-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 30-31" }, { "code": "FL.H.12", "title": "Demonstrate checks, debit cards, and digital payment methods", "description": "Demonstrate checks, debit cards, and digital payment methods.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "ky-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 30-31" }, { "code": "FL.H.13", "title": "Identify and compare the roles of financial planners, counselors,…", "description": "Identify and compare the roles of financial planners, counselors, accountants, investment consultants, and insurance agents.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "ky-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 30-31" } ] }, { "name": "Saving and investing", "summary": "Four standards cover time value, investment choices, strategy, and financial technology.", "standards": [ { "code": "FL.H.14", "title": "Examine inflation, compounding, return on investment, and other…", "description": "Examine inflation, compounding, return on investment, and other implications of the time value of money.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "ky-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 31-32" }, { "code": "FL.H.15", "title": "Evaluate insured deposits, savings accounts, retirement opportunities,…", "description": "Evaluate insured deposits, savings accounts, retirement opportunities, stocks, bonds, mutual funds, and exchange-traded funds.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "ky-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 31-32" }, { "code": "FL.H.16", "title": "Explain investment strategy in relation to goals, risk and reward,…", "description": "Explain investment strategy in relation to goals, risk and reward, tolerance, diversification, and rebalancing.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "ky-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 31-32" }, { "code": "FL.H.17", "title": "Explore investment technologies, automation, access, digital platforms,…", "description": "Explore investment technologies, automation, access, digital platforms, mobile applications, and robo-advising.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "ky-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 31-32" } ] }, { "name": "Money and the economy", "summary": "Six standards connect household finance to money, intermediaries, taxation, markets, public insurance, and regulators.", "standards": [ { "code": "FL.H.18", "title": "Interpret the functions of money and the effects of inflation on…", "description": "Interpret the functions of money and the effects of inflation on purchasing power.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "ky-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 32" }, { "code": "FL.H.19", "title": "Identify how financial intermediaries connect savers and lenders", "description": "Identify how financial intermediaries connect savers and lenders.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "ky-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 32" }, { "code": "FL.H.20", "title": "Explain how government uses taxation to raise revenue, manage the…", "description": "Explain how government uses taxation to raise revenue, manage the economy, and influence behavior.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "ky-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 32" }, { "code": "FL.H.21", "title": "Explain how supply and demand allocate scarce goods and services and…", "description": "Explain how supply and demand allocate scarce goods and services and determine prices.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "ky-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 32" }, { "code": "FL.H.22", "title": "Explain government administration of Medicare, Medicaid, Social…", "description": "Explain government administration of Medicare, Medicaid, Social Security, unemployment, and workers' compensation.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "ky-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 32" }, { "code": "FL.H.23", "title": "Identify federal and state financial regulators and their roles", "description": "Identify federal and state financial regulators and their roles.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "ky-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 32" } ] }, { "name": "Insurance and risk management", "summary": "Three standards require students to compare risk-management tools, insurance choices, and information-protection strategies.", "standards": [ { "code": "FL.H.24", "title": "Identify insurance, legal contracts, emergency funds, and estate…", "description": "Identify insurance, legal contracts, emergency funds, and estate planning as risk-management strategies.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "ky-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 32-33" }, { "code": "FL.H.25", "title": "Analyze insurance costs, benefits, required coverage, premiums, policy…", "description": "Analyze insurance costs, benefits, required coverage, premiums, policy losses, and tax implications.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "ky-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 32-33" }, { "code": "FL.H.26", "title": "Identify strategies to protect personal financial information and…", "description": "Identify strategies to protect personal financial information and respond to identity theft and fraud.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "ky-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 32-33" } ] } ], "policyTimeline": [ { "date": "2020-21", "event": "The first cohort covered by Kentucky's original standards-completion graduation requirement entered grade 9.", "sourceId": "ky-standards" }, { "date": "2025-03-24", "event": "The governor signed HB 342, creating the one-credit course requirement for the July 2025-and-later entering cohort.", "sourceId": "ky-hb342" }, { "date": "2025-10-14", "event": "The current 704 KAR 8:080 became effective, incorporating the June 2025 Career Studies and Financial Literacy standards.", "sourceId": "ky-regulation" }, { "date": "2026-06", "event": "KDE issued supplemental course-code and credit guidance for the new one-credit requirement.", "sourceId": "ky-guidance" } ], "lawsAndRules": [ { "identifier": "KRS 158.1411", "title": "Financial literacy requirements for high school graduation", "summary": "Creates the standards-completion requirement for earlier cohorts and the one-credit financial literacy course for students entering grade 9 on or after July 1, 2025.", "officialUrl": "https://apps.legislature.ky.gov/law/statutes/statute.aspx?id=56188", "effectiveDate": "2025-06-27", "sourceId": "ky-statute" }, { "identifier": "704 KAR 8:080", "title": "Kentucky Academic Standards for Career Studies and Financial Literacy", "summary": "Establishes the minimum statewide content standards in essential skills, careers, and financial literacy.", "officialUrl": "https://apps.legislature.ky.gov/law/kar/titles/704/008/080/", "effectiveDate": "2025-10-14", "sourceId": "ky-regulation" } ], "educatorNotes": [ { "text": "Apply the correct cohort rule. Students entering grade 9 on or after July 1, 2025 owe one full elective credit; earlier covered cohorts may complete standards through one or more courses or programs.", "sourceIds": [ "ky-statute", "ky-guidance" ] }, { "text": "Select an eligible local offering and ensure the curriculum covers all 26 high-school financial literacy standards plus the statutory document-review and cursive-signature content. KDE's current options include general, mathematics, CTE, interdisciplinary, and special-education course codes.", "sourceIds": [ "ky-guidance", "ky-standards" ] }, { "text": "The requirement also applies to students in the Early Graduation Program, even though that program does not otherwise require the standard 22-credit minimum.", "sourceIds": [ "ky-statute", "ky-early-grad" ] } ], "sources": [ { "id": "ky-statute", "title": "KRS 158.1411 — Financial literacy requirements for high school graduation", "authority": "Kentucky General Assembly", "url": "https://apps.legislature.ky.gov/law/statutes/statute.aspx?id=56188", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": "2025-06-27", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Subsections (1)-(10)", "supports": [ "cohort rules", "one-credit course", "elective treatment", "minimum content", "local curriculum", "early graduation" ], "excerpt": "For students entering grade nine on or after July 1, 2025, successful completion of a one credit course in financial literacy shall be a Kentucky public high school graduation requirement." }, { "id": "ky-hb342", "title": "House Bill 342, 2025 Regular Session", "authority": "Kentucky General Assembly", "url": "https://apps.legislature.ky.gov/record/25rs/hb342.html", "sourceType": "bill", "publicationDate": "2025-03-24", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Last action and Acts Chapter 58", "supports": [ "enactment", "signature date" ], "excerpt": "03/24/25: signed by Governor (Acts Ch. 58)." }, { "id": "ky-regulation", "title": "704 KAR 8:080 — Kentucky Academic Standards for Career Studies and Financial Literacy", "authority": "Kentucky Board of Education and Legislative Research Commission", "url": "https://apps.legislature.ky.gov/law/kar/titles/704/008/080/", "sourceType": "regulation", "publicationDate": "2025-10-14", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Section 1, incorporated June 2025 standards, and regulatory history", "supports": [ "standards authority", "grade bands", "three domains", "graduation alignment", "effective date" ], "excerpt": "The academic standards for career studies and financial literacy outline the minimum content standards that Kentucky students shall learn within each respective grade band." }, { "id": "ky-standards", "title": "Kentucky Academic Standards: Career Studies and Financial Literacy", "authority": "Kentucky Department of Education", "url": "https://www.education.ky.gov/curriculum/standards/kyacadstand/Documents/MIR_704_KAR_8.080_Kentucky_Academic_Standards_for_Career_Studies.pdf", "sourceType": "standards", "publicationDate": "2025-06", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "PDF pages 29-33, FL.H.1 through FL.H.26", "supports": [ "complete high-school standards", "six strands", "state graduation alignment" ], "excerpt": "The grade 9-12 financial literacy standards were developed in response to KRS 158.1411 to meet the Kentucky public high school graduation requirement." }, { "id": "ky-guidance", "title": "HB 342 Financial Literacy Elective Course Code Guidance", "authority": "Kentucky Department of Education", "url": "https://www.education.ky.gov/curriculum/hsgradreq/Documents/HB_342_2025_Financial_Literacy_Supplemental_Course_Code_Guidance.pdf", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2026-06", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "PDF pages 1-3, credit types and course-code considerations", "supports": [ "implementation", "course codes", "Carnegie and performance-based credit", "district discretion", "minimum topics" ], "excerpt": "Beginning with students entering grade 9 on or after July 1, 2025, successful completion of a one credit course in financial literacy [is required] for high school graduation." }, { "id": "ky-grad-page", "title": "Minimum High School Graduation Requirements", "authority": "Kentucky Department of Education", "url": "https://www.education.ky.gov/curriculum/hsgradreq", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2026-03-03", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Minimum graduation requirements and HB 342 resources", "supports": [ "current graduation framework", "official implementation resources" ], "excerpt": "704 KAR 3:305 establishes the minimum requirements for high school graduation for Kentucky public schools." }, { "id": "ky-standards-page", "title": "Career Studies Standards Resources", "authority": "Kentucky Department of Education", "url": "https://www.education.ky.gov/curriculum/conpro/Pages/CareerStudies.aspx", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2026-01-27", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Financial Literacy domain", "supports": [ "current standards access", "9-12 graduation alignment" ], "excerpt": "The 9-12 grade-band standards meet the KRS 158.1411 graduation requirement for financial literacy." }, { "id": "ky-early-grad", "title": "Early Graduation Program", "authority": "Kentucky Department of Education", "url": "https://www.education.ky.gov/educational/AL/earlygrad", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2026-03-03", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Coursework requirements, financial literacy", "supports": [ "early graduation application", "cohort distinction" ], "excerpt": "Meet the financial literacy requirement provided in KRS 158.1411." } ], "faq": [ { "question": "Does Kentucky require financial literacy to graduate?", "answer": "Yes. Students entering grade 9 on or after July 1, 2025 must complete a one-credit financial literacy course. Earlier covered cohorts must complete one or more courses or programs meeting the standards.", "sourceIds": [ "ky-statute" ] }, { "question": "When does Kentucky's one-credit personal finance requirement begin?", "answer": "It begins with students entering grade 9 on or after July 1, 2025. The controlling source defines the covered entering cohort rather than naming a graduating class.", "sourceIds": [ "ky-statute", "ky-guidance" ] }, { "question": "Does Kentucky require one dedicated stand-alone financial literacy course?", "answer": "No. Covered students must earn one credit in an eligible financial literacy course, but KDE guidance permits interdisciplinary and locally selected qualifying course options rather than one universal stand-alone course.", "sourceIds": [ "ky-statute", "ky-guidance" ] }, { "question": "How does the Kentucky financial literacy credit count?", "answer": "The required credit must be accepted as an elective. KDE guidance also explains how approved courses may use Carnegie-unit or qualifying performance-based credit.", "sourceIds": [ "ky-statute", "ky-guidance" ] }, { "question": "What must Kentucky's financial literacy course cover?", "answer": "State law requires budgeting, saving and investing, credit and debt, insurance and risk management, taxes, document review before signing, and a cursive signature. The adopted standards add detailed expectations across 26 high-school standards.", "sourceIds": [ "ky-statute", "ky-standards" ] }, { "question": "Who chooses Kentucky's financial literacy curriculum?", "answer": "Local superintendents determine curricula after consulting local boards, school councils, and principals, while KDE identifies course codes that qualify and the state standards define required learning.", "sourceIds": [ "ky-statute", "ky-guidance" ] } ], "relatedStates": [] }, { "name": "Louisiana", "abbreviation": "LA", "slug": "louisiana", "jurisdictionType": "state", "lastReviewed": "2026-09-20", "researchStatus": "verified", "indexable": true, "seo": { "title": "Louisiana Personal Finance Standards & Requirements", "description": "Louisiana requires a one-unit Financial Literacy course for students entering grade 9 in 2024-25 and later. Review required topics, diploma timing, TOPS treatment, and official sources.", "socialImage": "/icon-512.png" }, "summary": "Louisiana requires public high school students who entered grade 9 in the 2024-25 school year or later to successfully complete a one-unit Financial Literacy course for graduation. State law lists 14 minimum topics, from bank accounts and debt to taxes, contracts, investing, and postsecondary financial aid. The one-unit course is also incorporated into the state's career-diploma and TOPS-related curriculum rules, while the Department's course description confirms that successful completion earns one graduation unit.", "summarySourceIds": [ "la-statute", "la-act267", "la-course" ], "requirement": { "overallStatuses": [ "standalone_course_required", "graduation_requirement" ], "standaloneCourseRequired": true, "graduationRequirement": true, "creditRequirement": "1 unit of Financial Literacy", "gradeLevels": [ "High school", "Students entering grade 9 in 2024-25 and later" ], "effectiveDate": "2023-08-01", "effectiveSchoolYear": "2024-25 entering grade-9 cohort", "firstGraduatingClass": null, "assessmentRequired": null, "responsibleAgency": "Louisiana Department of Education and State Board of Elementary and Secondary Education", "deliveryNotes": "Covered students must successfully complete the one-unit Financial Literacy course. The statute specifies minimum content but does not prescribe a statewide end-of-course test. The Department's course description says grades are based on teacher-created assignments and assessments. The current planning guide lists the unit separately for TOPS University and counts it within the mathematics units for TOPS Tech.", "sourceIds": [ "la-statute", "la-act267", "la-course", "la-planning-guide" ] }, "standardsDocument": { "title": "Financial Literacy Course Description (160345)", "adoptingAuthority": "Louisiana Department of Education", "adoptionDate": null, "effectiveDate": null, "officialUrl": "https://doe.louisiana.gov/docs/default-source/academic-curriculum/financial-literacy-course-description-%28160345%29.pdf?sfvrsn=58136e18_4", "sourceId": "la-course" }, "narrative": [ { "text": "Louisiana's current personal finance mandate is a student-completion requirement. Act 267 of 2023 changed the earlier instruction rule into a one-unit Financial Literacy course required for public high school graduation, beginning with students who entered grade 9 during 2024-25.", "sourceIds": [ "la-act267", "la-statute" ] }, { "text": "The law identifies 14 minimum areas of instruction. They include account management, checkbook balancing, spending and debt, loan applications, inheritance, insurance, federal and local taxes, interest, contracts, billing disputes, saving and investing, finance law, and ways to pay for postsecondary education.", "sourceIds": [ "la-statute", "la-act48" ] }, { "text": "Louisiana's Department of Education course description assigns course code 160345 and confirms that students earn one unit after successful completion. Teachers use locally created assignments and assessments; neither the statute nor the course description establishes a separate statewide personal finance examination.", "sourceIds": [ "la-course", "la-statute" ] }, { "text": "The graduation requirement also affects Louisiana's broader credential framework. The Department's current High School Planning Guide lists Financial Literacy as a separate one-unit requirement for TOPS University and counts it within the mathematics units for TOPS Tech.", "sourceIds": [ "la-act267", "la-planning-guide" ] }, { "text": "For eligible students pursuing an alternate diploma pathway, an IEP team may establish course- and assessment-performance criteria under the state's disability provisions. Those provisions do not create a blanket exemption from the Financial Literacy course.", "sourceIds": [ "la-planning-guide" ] } ], "domains": [ { "name": "Required Financial Literacy course content", "summary": "Louisiana Revised Statutes section 17:270 lists these 14 minimum topics for the one-unit course; local instruction may include additional content.", "standards": [ { "code": "R.S. 17:270(B)(2)(a)", "title": "Explain bank-account types, opening and managing an account, and…", "description": "Explain bank-account types, opening and managing an account, and evaluating a depository institution's services.", "gradeOrCourse": "One-unit Financial Literacy course", "sourceId": "la-statute", "sourcePage": "R.S. 17:270(B)(2)(a)-(n)" }, { "code": "R.S. 17:270(B)(2)(b)", "title": "Balance a checkbook", "description": "Balance a checkbook.", "gradeOrCourse": "One-unit Financial Literacy course", "sourceId": "la-statute", "sourcePage": "R.S. 17:270(B)(2)(a)-(n)" }, { "code": "R.S. 17:270(B)(2)(c)", "title": "Apply money-management principles involving spending, credit, credit…", "description": "Apply money-management principles involving spending, credit, credit scores, and retail and credit-card debt.", "gradeOrCourse": "One-unit Financial Literacy course", "sourceId": "la-statute", "sourcePage": "R.S. 17:270(B)(2)(a)-(n)" }, { "code": "R.S. 17:270(B)(2)(d)", "title": "Complete a loan application", "description": "Complete a loan application.", "gradeOrCourse": "One-unit Financial Literacy course", "sourceId": "la-statute", "sourcePage": "R.S. 17:270(B)(2)(a)-(n)" }, { "code": "R.S. 17:270(B)(2)(e)", "title": "Understand receiving an inheritance and its implications", "description": "Understand receiving an inheritance and its implications.", "gradeOrCourse": "One-unit Financial Literacy course", "sourceId": "la-statute", "sourcePage": "R.S. 17:270(B)(2)(a)-(n)" }, { "code": "R.S. 17:270(B)(2)(f)", "title": "Understand basic principles of personal insurance policies", "description": "Understand basic principles of personal insurance policies.", "gradeOrCourse": "One-unit Financial Literacy course", "sourceId": "la-statute", "sourcePage": "R.S. 17:270(B)(2)(a)-(n)" }, { "code": "R.S. 17:270(B)(2)(g)", "title": "Compute federal income taxes", "description": "Compute federal income taxes.", "gradeOrCourse": "One-unit Financial Literacy course", "sourceId": "la-statute", "sourcePage": "R.S. 17:270(B)(2)(a)-(n)" }, { "code": "R.S. 17:270(B)(2)(h)", "title": "Understand local tax assessments", "description": "Understand local tax assessments.", "gradeOrCourse": "One-unit Financial Literacy course", "sourceId": "la-statute", "sourcePage": "R.S. 17:270(B)(2)(a)-(n)" }, { "code": "R.S. 17:270(B)(2)(i)", "title": "Compute interest rates using different mechanisms", "description": "Compute interest rates using different mechanisms.", "gradeOrCourse": "One-unit Financial Literacy course", "sourceId": "la-statute", "sourcePage": "R.S. 17:270(B)(2)(a)-(n)" }, { "code": "R.S. 17:270(B)(2)(j)", "title": "Understand simple contracts", "description": "Understand simple contracts.", "gradeOrCourse": "One-unit Financial Literacy course", "sourceId": "la-statute", "sourcePage": "R.S. 17:270(B)(2)(a)-(n)" }, { "code": "R.S. 17:270(B)(2)(k)", "title": "Contest an incorrect billing statement", "description": "Contest an incorrect billing statement.", "gradeOrCourse": "One-unit Financial Literacy course", "sourceId": "la-statute", "sourcePage": "R.S. 17:270(B)(2)(a)-(n)" }, { "code": "R.S. 17:270(B)(2)(l)", "title": "Compare types of savings and investments", "description": "Compare types of savings and investments.", "gradeOrCourse": "One-unit Financial Literacy course", "sourceId": "la-statute", "sourcePage": "R.S. 17:270(B)(2)(a)-(n)" }, { "code": "R.S. 17:270(B)(2)(m)", "title": "Understand state and federal laws concerning finance", "description": "Understand state and federal laws concerning finance.", "gradeOrCourse": "One-unit Financial Literacy course", "sourceId": "la-statute", "sourcePage": "R.S. 17:270(B)(2)(a)-(n)" }, { "code": "R.S. 17:270(B)(2)(n)", "title": "Examine scholarships, grants, and other financial opportunities for…", "description": "Examine scholarships, grants, and other financial opportunities for postsecondary education.", "gradeOrCourse": "One-unit Financial Literacy course", "sourceId": "la-statute", "sourcePage": "R.S. 17:270(B)(2)(a)-(n)" } ] } ], "policyTimeline": [ { "date": "2023-06-09", "event": "The governor signed Act 267, converting Louisiana's prior financial instruction rule into a one-unit Financial Literacy course requirement.", "sourceId": "la-act267" }, { "date": "2023-08-01", "event": "The graduation-course and cohort provisions of Act 267 became effective.", "sourceId": "la-act267" }, { "date": "2024-25", "event": "The first covered grade-9 cohort entered high school.", "sourceId": "la-act267" }, { "date": "2025-08-01", "event": "Act 48 added scholarships, grants, and other postsecondary financial opportunities to the minimum course content.", "sourceId": "la-act48" } ], "lawsAndRules": [ { "identifier": "La. R.S. 17:270", "title": "Financial literacy; required instruction", "summary": "Requires successful completion of a one-unit Financial Literacy course and lists its minimum instructional topics.", "officialUrl": "https://www.legis.la.gov/legis/Law.aspx?d=80394", "effectiveDate": "2023-08-01", "sourceId": "la-statute" }, { "identifier": "Act 267 of 2023", "title": "Financial Literacy course and related graduation curricula", "summary": "Established the one-unit course for students entering grade 9 in 2024-25 and later and aligned career-diploma and TOPS curriculum provisions.", "officialUrl": "https://www.legis.la.gov/legis/ViewDocument.aspx?d=1332429", "effectiveDate": "2023-08-01", "sourceId": "la-act267" }, { "identifier": "Act 48 of 2025", "title": "Postsecondary financial opportunities content", "summary": "Added scholarships, grants, and other postsecondary financing opportunities to the statutory course topics.", "officialUrl": "https://www.legis.la.gov/Legis/ViewDocument.aspx?d=1429548", "effectiveDate": "2025-08-01", "sourceId": "la-act48" } ], "educatorNotes": [ { "text": "Schedule the full one-unit Financial Literacy course for students who entered grade 9 in 2024-25 or later; do not substitute the former integrated personal-finance instruction model.", "sourceIds": [ "la-act267", "la-statute" ] }, { "text": "Cover every topic in R.S. 17:270(B)(2), including the postsecondary scholarship and grant topic added in 2025. The statutory list is a minimum, not a ceiling.", "sourceIds": [ "la-statute", "la-act48" ] }, { "text": "Use teacher-created assignments and assessments to establish successful course completion unless additional local policy applies; no statewide personal-finance end-of-course exam was located.", "sourceIds": [ "la-course" ] }, { "text": "Apply the diploma pathway correctly: Financial Literacy is listed separately for TOPS University and within the mathematics units for TOPS Tech. For an eligible alternate-diploma student, follow the IEP team's course- and assessment-performance criteria rather than assuming a general exemption.", "sourceIds": [ "la-planning-guide" ] } ], "sources": [ { "id": "la-statute", "title": "Louisiana Revised Statutes 17:270 — Financial literacy; required instruction", "authority": "Louisiana State Legislature", "url": "https://www.legis.la.gov/legis/Law.aspx?d=80394", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": "2025", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Subsections A-C, especially B(1)-(2)", "supports": [ "one-unit course", "graduation requirement", "14 minimum topics", "BESE materials clearinghouse" ], "excerpt": "Each student shall successfully complete a one-unit Financial Literacy course as a requirement for high school graduation." }, { "id": "la-act267", "title": "Act 267 of the 2023 Regular Session", "authority": "Louisiana State Legislature", "url": "https://www.legis.la.gov/legis/ViewDocument.aspx?d=1332429", "sourceType": "bill", "publicationDate": "2023-06-09", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Sections 1-4, especially R.S. 17:270 and applicability provision", "supports": [ "enactment", "one-unit course", "2024-25 grade-9 cohort", "career diploma", "TOPS and TOPS-Tech" ], "excerpt": "The provisions ... shall apply to students who enter the ninth grade during the 2024-2025 school year and thereafter." }, { "id": "la-act48", "title": "Act 48 of the 2025 Regular Session, Résumé Digest", "authority": "Louisiana State Legislature", "url": "https://www.legis.la.gov/Legis/ViewDocument.aspx?d=1429548", "sourceType": "bill", "publicationDate": "2025", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Résumé digest, R.S. 17:270(B)(2)(n)", "supports": [ "postsecondary financial-aid topic", "effective date" ], "excerpt": "New law adds a component: scholarships, grants, and other financial opportunities to pay for postsecondary education." }, { "id": "la-course", "title": "Financial Literacy Course Description (160345)", "authority": "Louisiana Department of Education", "url": "https://doe.louisiana.gov/docs/default-source/academic-curriculum/financial-literacy-course-description-%28160345%29.pdf?sfvrsn=58136e18_4", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2025-06-18", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "PDF pages 1-2, course description, units, assessment, and suggested topics", "supports": [ "course code", "one unit", "teacher-created assessment", "course design", "suggested content" ], "excerpt": "Upon successful completion of the course, students will earn one unit as a requirement for high school graduation." }, { "id": "la-planning-guide", "title": "2026-2027 High School Planning Guide", "authority": "Louisiana Department of Education", "url": "https://doe.louisiana.gov/docs/default-source/courses/2026-2027-high-school-planning-guidebook.pdf?sfvrsn=77e107de_14", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2026", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Current diploma minimum-course-requirement tables and alternate-diploma provisions", "supports": [ "TOPS University treatment", "TOPS Tech mathematics treatment", "24-unit total", "disability pathway" ], "excerpt": "Financial Literacy | 1 Unit." } ], "faq": [ { "question": "Does Louisiana require a personal finance course to graduate?", "answer": "Yes. Covered public high school students must successfully complete a one-unit course titled Financial Literacy.", "sourceIds": [ "la-statute", "la-act267" ] }, { "question": "Which Louisiana students must take Financial Literacy?", "answer": "The one-unit graduation course applies to students who entered grade 9 in the 2024-25 school year and later. The controlling law identifies an entering cohort rather than a graduating class.", "sourceIds": [ "la-act267" ] }, { "question": "What does Louisiana's Financial Literacy course cover?", "answer": "State law lists 14 minimum topics, including banking, budgeting, credit, debt, loans, inheritance, insurance, taxes, interest, contracts, billing disputes, investments, finance law, and postsecondary financial aid.", "sourceIds": [ "la-statute", "la-act48" ] }, { "question": "Is there a statewide Louisiana financial literacy exam?", "answer": "No separate statewide exam was located. The Department's official course description says teachers grade students through teacher-created assignments and assessments.", "sourceIds": [ "la-course" ] }, { "question": "How does Louisiana Financial Literacy count in current diploma pathways?", "answer": "The current planning guide lists the unit separately for TOPS University and counts it within the mathematics units for TOPS Tech.", "sourceIds": [ "la-planning-guide" ] } ], "relatedStates": [] }, { "name": "Maine", "abbreviation": "ME", "slug": "maine", "jurisdictionType": "state", "lastReviewed": "2026-09-20", "researchStatus": "verified", "indexable": true, "seo": { "title": "Maine Personal Finance Standards & Requirements", "description": "See how Maine includes personal finance in its two-year social-studies diploma requirement, the K-12 standards, flexible pathways, and official sources.", "socialImage": "/icon-512.png" }, "summary": "Maine requires personal finance as part of the two years of social studies and history needed for a high school diploma. The law permits separate, integrated, or applied learning and equivalent standards achievement, so Maine does not impose a separate statewide personal finance course or credit. The Maine Learning Results also include personal finance expectations from kindergarten through diploma level.", "summarySourceIds": [ "me-statute", "me-doe", "me-standards" ], "requirement": { "overallStatuses": [ "graduation_requirement", "integrated_requirement" ], "standaloneCourseRequired": false, "graduationRequirement": true, "creditRequirement": "Personal finance is included within 2 years of social studies and history; no separate statewide personal-finance credit", "gradeLevels": [ "Kindergarten through diploma standards", "High school diploma requirement" ], "effectiveDate": null, "effectiveSchoolYear": null, "firstGraduatingClass": null, "assessmentRequired": null, "responsibleAgency": "Maine Department of Education", "deliveryNotes": "Instruction may be provided through separate, integrated, or applied learning programs, and students may demonstrate standards achievement through multiple pathways and measures. CTE students may use approved separate or integrated study. Local school administrative units establish local curriculum and diploma implementation consistent with state law.", "sourceIds": [ "me-statute", "me-doe", "me-standards" ] }, "standardsDocument": { "title": "Maine Learning Results Social Studies: Personal Finance & Economics", "adoptingAuthority": "Maine Department of Education", "adoptionDate": "2019", "effectiveDate": null, "officialUrl": "https://www.maine.gov/doe/sites/maine.gov.doe/files/inline-files/Social%20Studies%20-%20MLR%20Social%20Studies%20(Personal%20Finance%20%26%20Economics)%202019%20-%2010.9.2025.pdf", "sourceId": "me-standards" }, "narrative": [ { "text": "Maine's diploma law expressly includes personal finance within two years of social studies and history, alongside American history, government, and civics. The requirement can be met through coursework or equivalent standards achievement.", "sourceIds": [ "me-statute" ] }, { "text": "Maine does not require one stand-alone personal finance course. State law allows separate, integrated, or applied learning, multiple ways to demonstrate achievement, and approved CTE integration. School administrative units make local curriculum and assessment choices within that framework.", "sourceIds": [ "me-statute" ] }, { "text": "The Maine Learning Results create a K-12 progression rather than a high-school-only list. The personal finance strand advances from the value and uses of money in elementary grades to spending, saving, credit, and risk-management decisions by diploma level.", "sourceIds": [ "me-standards" ] }, { "text": "Resolve 2025, chapter 125 became law without the Governor's signature on January 11, 2026 and directed a survey and working group review of personal finance course offerings. Public Law 2025, chapter 757 later moved the statutory reporting deadlines into 2027. Neither enactment replaced the current diploma statute or created a stand-alone statewide course requirement as of this research date.", "sourceIds": [ "me-doe", "me-ld1069", "me-deadline-amendment" ] } ], "domains": [ { "name": "K-12 Personal Finance performance expectations", "summary": "The complete personal-finance portion of Maine's current Personal Finance and Economics strand, from kindergarten through diploma level.", "standards": [ { "code": "K.PF", "title": "Describe how money has value and can be traded for goods and services", "description": "Describe how money has value and can be traded for goods and services.", "gradeOrCourse": "Kindergarten through diploma", "sourceId": "me-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 5-9" }, { "code": "1.PF", "title": "Describe spending, saving, and sharing as different ways to use money", "description": "Describe spending, saving, and sharing as different ways to use money.", "gradeOrCourse": "Kindergarten through diploma", "sourceId": "me-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 5-9" }, { "code": "2.PF", "title": "Describe why planning for the future is important to managing money", "description": "Describe why planning for the future is important to managing money.", "gradeOrCourse": "Kindergarten through diploma", "sourceId": "me-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 5-9" }, { "code": "3.PF", "title": "Describe situations in which personal choices are related to the use of…", "description": "Describe situations in which personal choices are related to the use of money.", "gradeOrCourse": "Kindergarten through diploma", "sourceId": "me-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 5-9" }, { "code": "4.PF", "title": "Describe situations in which financial institutions can be used to…", "description": "Describe situations in which financial institutions can be used to manage money.", "gradeOrCourse": "Kindergarten through diploma", "sourceId": "me-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 5-9" }, { "code": "5.PF", "title": "Describe situations in which choices involve financial resources and…", "description": "Describe situations in which choices involve financial resources and financial institutions.", "gradeOrCourse": "Kindergarten through diploma", "sourceId": "me-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 5-9" }, { "code": "6-8.PF.F1", "title": "Explain how scarcity influences choices and relates to the market economy", "description": "Explain how scarcity influences choices and relates to the market economy.", "gradeOrCourse": "Kindergarten through diploma", "sourceId": "me-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 5-9" }, { "code": "6-8.PF.F2", "title": "Identify factors that contribute to spending and saving decisions", "description": "Identify factors that contribute to spending and saving decisions.", "gradeOrCourse": "Kindergarten through diploma", "sourceId": "me-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 5-9" }, { "code": "6-8.PF.D1", "title": "Use a decision process based on work, wages, income, expenses, and…", "description": "Use a decision process based on work, wages, income, expenses, and budgets to study individual financial choices.", "gradeOrCourse": "Kindergarten through diploma", "sourceId": "me-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 5-9" }, { "code": "9-D.PF.F1", "title": "Explain how personal finance uses economics as the basis for saving,…", "description": "Explain how personal finance uses economics as the basis for saving, investing, and managing money.", "gradeOrCourse": "Kindergarten through diploma", "sourceId": "me-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 5-9" }, { "code": "9-D.PF.F2", "title": "Identify factors that affect consumer credit", "description": "Identify factors that affect consumer credit.", "gradeOrCourse": "Kindergarten through diploma", "sourceId": "me-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 5-9" }, { "code": "9-D.PF.D1", "title": "Evaluate ways credit can be used", "description": "Evaluate ways credit can be used.", "gradeOrCourse": "Kindergarten through diploma", "sourceId": "me-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 5-9" }, { "code": "9-D.PF.D2", "title": "Evaluate different strategies for money and risk management", "description": "Evaluate different strategies for money and risk management.", "gradeOrCourse": "Kindergarten through diploma", "sourceId": "me-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 5-9" } ] } ], "policyTimeline": [ { "date": "2019", "event": "Public Law 2019, chapter 202 amended the diploma statute to include personal finance expressly within social studies and history.", "sourceId": "me-statute" }, { "date": "2019", "event": "Maine adopted the current Personal Finance and Economics progression in the Maine Learning Results.", "sourceId": "me-standards" }, { "date": "2026-01-11", "event": "Resolve 2025, chapter 125 became law without the Governor's signature and directed the Department to review personal finance offerings and convene a working group.", "sourceId": "me-ld1069" }, { "date": "2026-07-29", "event": "Public Law 2025, chapter 757 moved the survey and working-group reporting deadlines into 2027 without changing the diploma requirement.", "sourceId": "me-deadline-amendment" }, { "date": "2026-06 to 2026-08", "event": "The Financial Literacy Working Group met and reviewed statewide course-offering information; the existing diploma rule remained in force.", "sourceId": "me-doe" } ], "lawsAndRules": [ { "identifier": "20-A M.R.S. §4722(2)(B)", "title": "High school diploma standards", "summary": "Requires two years of social studies and history, including personal finance, or equivalent standards achievement, with separate, integrated, and applied pathways available.", "officialUrl": "https://legislature.maine.gov/statutes/20-A/title20-Asec4722.html", "effectiveDate": null, "sourceId": "me-statute" }, { "identifier": "Resolve 2025, c. 125", "title": "Resolve, Directing the Department of Education to Review Personal Finance Course Offerings", "summary": "Directs a survey and working group; it is a review process and does not itself create a new stand-alone graduation course.", "officialUrl": "https://lldc.mainelegislature.org/Open/Laws/2025/2025_RES_c125.pdf", "effectiveDate": "2026-01-11", "sourceId": "me-ld1069" }, { "identifier": "Public Law 2025, c. 757, Part M", "title": "An Act to Make Supplemental Appropriations and Allocations", "summary": "Moves the personal-finance survey and working-group reporting deadlines into 2027 without changing the existing graduation requirement.", "officialUrl": "https://lldc.mainelegislature.org/Open/Laws/2025/2025_PL_c757.pdf", "effectiveDate": "2026-07-29", "sourceId": "me-deadline-amendment" } ], "educatorNotes": [ { "text": "Ensure local social-studies diploma evidence includes personal finance, whether delivered separately, integrated, or through an applied learning pathway.", "sourceIds": [ "me-statute" ] }, { "text": "Use the Maine Learning Results progression to connect elementary money concepts to the diploma-level credit and risk-management expectations.", "sourceIds": [ "me-standards" ] }, { "text": "Do not treat the working-group review or its amended 2027 deadlines as a change to current graduation law until a later enacted measure or adopted rule says so.", "sourceIds": [ "me-doe", "me-ld1069", "me-deadline-amendment" ] } ], "sources": [ { "id": "me-statute", "title": "Title 20-A, §4722: High school diploma standards", "authority": "Maine Legislature", "url": "https://legislature.maine.gov/statutes/20-A/title20-Asec4722.html", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": "2023", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Subsections 2(B), 3, and 4", "supports": [ "graduation requirement", "two-year social-studies duration", "integrated delivery", "multiple pathways", "exceptions" ], "excerpt": "Social studies and history, including American history, government, civics and personal finance--2 years or the equivalent in standards achievement." }, { "id": "me-standards", "title": "Maine Learning Results Social Studies: Personal Finance & Economics", "authority": "Maine Department of Education", "url": "https://www.maine.gov/doe/sites/maine.gov.doe/files/inline-files/Social%20Studies%20-%20MLR%20Social%20Studies%20(Personal%20Finance%20%26%20Economics)%202019%20-%2010.9.2025.pdf", "sourceType": "standards", "publicationDate": "2019", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "PDF pages 5-9, Personal Finance performance expectations", "supports": [ "K-12 standards progression", "complete personal finance expectations", "local curriculum flexibility" ], "excerpt": "Students draw from concepts and processes in personal finance to understand issues of money management, saving, investing, credit, and debt." }, { "id": "me-doe", "title": "Financial Literacy", "authority": "Maine Department of Education", "url": "https://www.maine.gov/doe/learning/financialliteracy", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2026", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Overview and Governing Process sections", "supports": [ "graduation inclusion", "embedded standards", "2026 working group", "survey status" ], "excerpt": "Financial Literacy and Personal Finance education ... are embedded in the Maine Learning Results and are included in the requirements for graduation from Maine high schools." }, { "id": "me-ld1069", "title": "Resolve 2025, chapter 125: Review of Personal Finance Course Offerings", "authority": "Maine Legislature", "url": "https://lldc.mainelegislature.org/Open/Laws/2025/2025_RES_c125.pdf", "sourceType": "bill", "publicationDate": "2026-01-11", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Resolve sections 1-3", "supports": [ "enacted course-offering survey", "working group", "review separated from current graduation law" ], "excerpt": "The Department of Education shall administer a survey to all school administrative units ... on the status of personal finance education in schools." }, { "id": "me-deadline-amendment", "title": "Public Law 2025, chapter 757, Part M", "authority": "Maine Legislature", "url": "https://lldc.mainelegislature.org/Open/Laws/2025/2025_PL_c757.pdf", "sourceType": "bill", "publicationDate": "2026-07-29", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Part M, sections M-1 and M-2", "supports": [ "January 15, 2027 survey deadline", "March 1, 2027 working-group report deadline", "no substantive graduation change" ], "excerpt": "The department shall submit the report ... no later than January 15, 2027." } ], "faq": [ { "question": "Does Maine require personal finance to graduate?", "answer": "Yes. Maine includes personal finance within the two years of social studies and history required for a diploma, or the equivalent in standards achievement.", "sourceIds": [ "me-statute" ] }, { "question": "Does Maine require a stand-alone personal finance course?", "answer": "No. Maine permits separate, integrated, and applied learning programs and multiple ways to demonstrate the required standards.", "sourceIds": [ "me-statute" ] }, { "question": "How much personal finance credit does Maine require?", "answer": "Maine does not set a separate personal-finance credit. Personal finance is one required part of the broader two-year social-studies and history requirement.", "sourceIds": [ "me-statute" ] }, { "question": "What do Maine's financial literacy standards cover?", "answer": "The K-12 progression covers the value and uses of money, planning, institutions, scarcity, spending and saving, work and budgets, consumer credit, investing, and risk management.", "sourceIds": [ "me-standards" ] }, { "question": "Did Maine create a new personal finance course in 2026?", "answer": "No statewide stand-alone course was established by the sources reviewed. Enacted law directed a Department survey and working group, and a later law moved reporting deadlines into 2027, while the existing integrated diploma requirement remained current.", "sourceIds": [ "me-doe", "me-ld1069", "me-deadline-amendment", "me-statute" ] } ], "relatedStates": [] }, { "name": "Maryland", "abbreviation": "MD", "slug": "maryland", "jurisdictionType": "state", "lastReviewed": "2026-09-20", "researchStatus": "verified", "indexable": true, "seo": { "title": "Maryland Personal Finance Standards & Requirements", "description": "Learn how Maryland requires grades 3-12 financial literacy instruction, how districts may integrate the six standards, and what official sources say about graduation.", "socialImage": "/icon-512.png" }, "summary": "Maryland requires every local school system to provide a personal financial literacy instructional program in the elementary, middle, and high school years, aligned to six state standards. The statewide rule does not require a separate personal finance course, a uniform credit, or completion of a financial literacy course for graduation. Local systems decide whether to embed the content across existing subjects, offer stand-alone classes, or add a local graduation requirement. Cross-filed 2026 bills proposing a statewide half-credit stand-alone course for the Class of 2030 did not enact and are not current law.", "summarySourceIds": [ "md-comar", "md-standards-page", "md-standards", "md-sb592", "md-hb943" ], "requirement": { "overallStatuses": [ "integrated_requirement" ], "standaloneCourseRequired": false, "graduationRequirement": false, "creditRequirement": null, "gradeLevels": [ "Grades 3-12", "Elementary, middle, and high school learning years" ], "effectiveDate": "2010-07-26", "effectiveSchoolYear": "2011-12 statewide implementation", "firstGraduatingClass": null, "assessmentRequired": null, "responsibleAgency": "Maryland State Department of Education", "deliveryNotes": "Local systems must include the six standards in their curriculum and provide an instructional program across elementary, middle, and high school. They may embed the content or offer stand-alone courses; statewide regulations require opportunity to participate but do not prescribe a high-school credit or course-completion requirement.", "sourceIds": [ "md-comar", "md-standards-page", "md-standards" ] }, "standardsDocument": { "title": "The Maryland State Curriculum for Personal Financial Literacy Education", "adoptingAuthority": "Maryland State Board of Education and Maryland State Department of Education", "adoptionDate": "2010-01-26", "effectiveDate": null, "officialUrl": "https://marylandpublicschools.org/programs/Documents/fin-literacy/FLStandards2016%20.pdf", "sourceId": "md-standards" }, "narrative": [ { "text": "Maryland's statewide policy is an instructional-program requirement rather than a diploma-credit mandate. COMAR 13A.04.06 directs each local school system to provide personal financial literacy programming in the elementary, middle, and high school years and to include all six state content standards in local curriculum documents.", "sourceIds": [ "md-comar", "md-standards-page" ] }, { "text": "Delivery remains local. The state framework says the standards may be embedded across existing courses or taught in stand-alone offerings, and local boards may add their own graduation requirement. The statewide regulation itself does not assign credit, require a semester course, or name a graduating class that must complete one.", "sourceIds": [ "md-comar", "md-standards" ] }, { "text": "The current Maryland personal financial literacy standards address responsible decision-making, careers and income, money management, credit and debt, saving and investing, and risk management. The 2016 framework publishes expectations through grade 12 and remains the current final framework during this review.", "sourceIds": [ "md-standards", "md-standards-page" ] }, { "text": "Maryland is revising the framework. In August 2026, MSDE opened public comment on eight proposed standards, but the agency expressly states that the draft is not final. Cross-filed Senate Bill 592 and House Bill 943 proposed a stand-alone half-credit graduation course beginning with the Class of 2030; both remained in their original committees after hearings and did not enact, so neither changes current requirements.", "sourceIds": [ "md-2026-draft", "md-sb592", "md-hb943" ] } ], "domains": [ { "name": "Maryland personal financial literacy standards through grade 12", "summary": "Local curricula must include all six standards. The framework supplies grade-band indicators and objectives for grades 3-5, 6-8, and 9-12.", "standards": [ { "code": "Standard 1", "title": "Make informed, financially responsible decisions", "description": "Evaluate financial choices using available resources, needs, wants, opportunity costs, obligations, public-policy effects, personal goals, and responsible decision-making processes.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "md-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 7-8" }, { "code": "Standard 2", "title": "Relate careers, education, and income", "description": "Connect interests, education and training, career paths, income sources, gross and net pay, postsecondary costs, debt, and repayment obligations to long-term choices.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "md-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 8-9" }, { "code": "Standard 3", "title": "Plan and manage money", "description": "Set financial goals, prepare spending plans, compare financial institutions and services, use account records, understand taxes, and analyze contractual rights and responsibilities.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "md-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 9-10" }, { "code": "Standard 4", "title": "Manage credit and debt", "description": "Build and maintain credit, evaluate when debt helps or harms, compare borrowing products and interest costs, identify predatory lending, and analyze credit reports and scores.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "md-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 10-12" }, { "code": "Standard 5", "title": "Create and build wealth", "description": "Develop short- and long-term savings plans, apply compounding and asset-allocation concepts, distinguish saving from investing, and select products aligned to financial goals.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "md-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 12-13" }, { "code": "Standard 6", "title": "Manage risks and preserve wealth", "description": "Evaluate risks to income and assets, use insurance and legal protections, recognize fraud and identity theft, protect private information, and identify consumer-assistance resources.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "md-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 13-14" } ] } ], "policyTimeline": [ { "date": "2010-01-26", "event": "The State Board unanimously accepted the Maryland State Curriculum for Personal Financial Literacy Education.", "sourceId": "md-board-adoption" }, { "date": "2010-07-26", "event": "COMAR 13A.04.06 took effect, establishing the statewide instructional-program requirement.", "sourceId": "md-comar" }, { "date": "2011-09", "event": "Local education agencies were required to offer aligned grades 3-12 financial literacy programming.", "sourceId": "md-standards-page" }, { "date": "2016", "event": "MSDE published the current revised standards framework.", "sourceId": "md-standards" }, { "date": "2026-08-11", "event": "MSDE opened public comment on eight proposed replacement standards; the draft was not final at this review.", "sourceId": "md-2026-draft" } ], "lawsAndRules": [ { "identifier": "COMAR 13A.04.06.01-.02", "title": "Program of Instruction in Personal Financial Literacy", "summary": "Requires local systems to provide elementary, middle, and high school financial literacy programs, include six standards in local curricula, and periodically certify compliance.", "officialUrl": "https://regs.maryland.gov/us/md/exec/comar/13A.04/index.full.html", "effectiveDate": "2010-07-26", "sourceId": "md-comar" }, { "identifier": "SB 592 / HB 943 (2026, not enacted)", "title": "State Board of Education - Financial Literacy - Graduation Requirement", "summary": "Proposed, but did not enact, a semester-long stand-alone course and at least one-half credit beginning with the Class of 2030.", "officialUrl": "https://mgaleg.maryland.gov/mgawebsite/Legislation/Details/SB0592?ys=2026RS", "effectiveDate": null, "sourceId": "md-sb592" } ], "educatorNotes": [ { "text": "Local curriculum documents must include all six COMAR standards and align with the state framework across elementary, middle, and high school learning years.", "sourceIds": [ "md-comar", "md-standards" ] }, { "text": "Do not describe Maryland as having a statewide financial literacy graduation credit. A district may create a local stand-alone course or graduation rule, but those local choices are not statewide requirements.", "sourceIds": [ "md-standards", "md-sb592" ] }, { "text": "Continue using the 2016 framework until the eight standards released for public comment in 2026 are formally adopted and an implementation date is established.", "sourceIds": [ "md-2026-draft", "md-standards" ] } ], "sources": [ { "id": "md-comar", "title": "COMAR 13A.04.06: Program of Instruction in Personal Financial Literacy", "authority": "Maryland State Board of Education", "url": "https://regs.maryland.gov/us/md/exec/comar/13A.04/index.full.html", "sourceType": "regulation", "publicationDate": "2010-07-26", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Chapter 06, Regulations .01-.02", "supports": [ "instructional-program requirement", "elementary-middle-high school coverage", "six standards", "local curriculum documents", "student opportunity", "certification" ], "excerpt": "Each local school system shall provide in public schools an instructional program in personal financial literacy in the elementary, middle, and high school learning years." }, { "id": "md-standards-page", "title": "Financial Literacy Education Standards", "authority": "Maryland State Department of Education", "url": "https://marylandpublicschools.org/programs/Pages/Financial-Literacy/standards.aspx", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Grades 3-12 program statement and Standards 1-6", "supports": [ "September 2011 implementation", "grades 3-12", "six current standards" ], "excerpt": "As of September 2011, all local education agencies are required to offer a program of instruction in financial literacy education for students in grades 3-12." }, { "id": "md-standards", "title": "The Maryland State Curriculum for Personal Financial Literacy Education", "authority": "Maryland State Department of Education", "url": "https://marylandpublicschools.org/programs/Documents/fin-literacy/FLStandards2016%20.pdf", "sourceType": "standards", "publicationDate": "2016", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Program and delivery guidance, PDF pages 5-7; grade-12 expectations, PDF pages 7-14", "supports": [ "complete current standards", "grade-band indicators", "embedded delivery", "stand-alone local option", "no statewide graduation requirement" ], "excerpt": "While there will not be a stand-alone graduation requirement, local leaders may decide to offer stand-alone courses ... or embed the content in other courses." }, { "id": "md-board-adoption", "title": "COMAR 13A.04.06.01-.02, Program of Instruction in Personal Financial Literacy", "authority": "Maryland State Board of Education", "url": "https://archives.marylandpublicschools.org/NR/rdonlyres/5710508E-618D-470E-B83D-1BB5140316E6/24796/COMAR13a04060102ProgramofInstructioninPersonalFina.pdf", "sourceType": "board_action", "publicationDate": "2010-06-22", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Board item pages 1-2, Background and Recommendation", "supports": [ "January 26, 2010 Board acceptance", "unanimous vote", "COMAR adoption process" ], "excerpt": "On January 26, 2010, the State Board unanimously accepted the Maryland State Curriculum for Personal Financial Literacy Education." }, { "id": "md-2026-draft", "title": "Personal Financial Literacy Standards 2026-2027", "authority": "Maryland State Department of Education", "url": "https://marylandpublicschools.org/programs/pages/cte/cte-programs-feedback.aspx", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2026-08-11", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Draft Standards for Public Feedback and final-status notice", "supports": [ "proposed eight-standard revision", "public comment through October 16, 2026", "not-final status" ], "excerpt": "This draft is not final: comments from this period go to the workgroup that revises the standards before they reach the State Board." }, { "id": "md-sb592", "title": "SB 592: State Board of Education - Financial Literacy - Graduation Requirement", "authority": "Maryland General Assembly", "url": "https://mgaleg.maryland.gov/mgawebsite/Legislation/Details/SB0592?ys=2026RS", "sourceType": "bill", "publicationDate": "2026-02-05", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Status, synopsis, cross-file, and legislative history", "supports": [ "unenacted proposal", "proposed Class of 2030", "proposed semester stand-alone course", "committee-only action" ], "excerpt": "Status: In the Senate - Hearing 3/04 at 1:00 p.m." }, { "id": "md-hb943", "title": "HB 943: State Board of Education - Financial Literacy - Graduation Requirement", "authority": "Maryland General Assembly", "url": "https://mgaleg.maryland.gov/mgawebsite/Legislation/Details/HB0943?ys=2026RS", "sourceType": "bill", "publicationDate": "2026-02-05", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Status, synopsis, cross-file, and legislative history", "supports": [ "unenacted cross-file", "proposed Class of 2030", "proposed semester stand-alone course", "committee-only action" ], "excerpt": "Status: In the House - Hearing 2/25 at 1:00 p.m." } ], "faq": [ { "question": "Does Maryland require financial literacy instruction?", "answer": "Yes. Every local school system must provide a personal financial literacy program across the elementary, middle, and high school years and include all six state standards in local curricula.", "sourceIds": [ "md-comar", "md-standards-page" ] }, { "question": "Does Maryland require a personal finance course to graduate?", "answer": "No statewide course or credit is currently required. Local boards may establish their own course or graduation requirement, but the statewide rule permits embedded instruction.", "sourceIds": [ "md-comar", "md-standards" ] }, { "question": "Can Maryland schools integrate financial literacy into other subjects?", "answer": "Yes. The state framework was designed for content to be embedded across the curriculum, while also allowing local stand-alone courses in areas such as economics, business, social studies, or family and consumer sciences.", "sourceIds": [ "md-standards" ] }, { "question": "What do Maryland's financial literacy standards cover?", "answer": "The six current standards cover responsible decisions, careers and income, money management, credit and debt, saving and investing, and risk management with wealth protection.", "sourceIds": [ "md-standards", "md-standards-page" ] }, { "question": "Did Maryland adopt a new half-credit course for the Class of 2030?", "answer": "No. SB 592 and HB 943 proposed that change in 2026, but the bills remained in their original committees and did not become current law. The proposed eight-standard framework was also still a draft under public review.", "sourceIds": [ "md-sb592", "md-hb943", "md-2026-draft" ] } ], "relatedStates": [] }, { "name": "Massachusetts", "abbreviation": "MA", "slug": "massachusetts", "jurisdictionType": "state", "lastReviewed": "2026-09-20", "researchStatus": "verified", "indexable": true, "seo": { "title": "Massachusetts Personal Finance Standards & Requirements", "description": "See Massachusetts' 24 high-school financial literacy standards, how schools may teach them, and why no statewide personal finance graduation credit currently applies.", "socialImage": "/icon-512.png" }, "summary": "Massachusetts has adopted 24 high-school personal financial literacy standards covering income, spending, saving, credit, investing, insurance, and identity protection. State law allows schools to integrate those standards into existing subjects, and the framework also permits a stand-alone course. As of September 20, 2026, Massachusetts does not require every student to complete a personal finance course or earn a financial literacy credit to graduate.", "summarySourceIds": [ "ma-framework", "ma-section-1r", "ma-current-graduation" ], "requirement": { "overallStatuses": [ "standards_only", "no_statewide_requirement_located" ], "standaloneCourseRequired": false, "graduationRequirement": false, "creditRequirement": null, "gradeLevels": [ "High school" ], "effectiveDate": null, "effectiveSchoolYear": "Local curriculum and graduation decisions remain controlling; no statewide student-completion year applies", "firstGraduatingClass": null, "assessmentRequired": false, "responsibleAgency": "Massachusetts Department of Elementary and Secondary Education", "deliveryNotes": "The standards are designed for roughly one quarter to one half of a school year. Districts may teach them as a separate course or incorporate them into history and social science, mathematics, family and consumer science, business, college and career readiness, or another locally selected curriculum.", "sourceIds": [ "ma-framework", "ma-section-1r", "ma-current-graduation" ] }, "standardsDocument": { "title": "2018 Massachusetts History and Social Science Curriculum Framework: High School Standards for Personal Financial Literacy", "adoptingAuthority": "Massachusetts Board of Elementary and Secondary Education", "adoptionDate": "2018-06-26", "effectiveDate": null, "officialUrl": "https://www.doe.mass.edu/frameworks/hss/2018-12.pdf", "sourceId": "ma-framework" }, "narrative": [ { "text": "Massachusetts' statewide policy establishes personal financial literacy standards without creating a universal course or diploma-credit mandate. General Laws chapter 69, section 1R defines the required subject matter for those standards and expressly permits districts and other covered schools to incorporate them into existing curriculum.", "sourceIds": [ "ma-section-1r", "ma-section-1d" ] }, { "text": "The Board of Elementary and Secondary Education adopted the current History and Social Science Framework on June 26, 2018. Its high-school personal finance section contains 24 standards in four topics: earning and spending income, saving money, using credit and making investments, and protecting and insuring assets.", "sourceIds": [ "ma-framework" ] }, { "text": "The framework describes a flexible instructional model rather than a prescribed course. The standards are designed for a quarter to a half of a school year and may be taught as a stand-alone course or adapted for history and social science, mathematics, family and consumer science, business, or college and career readiness.", "sourceIds": [ "ma-framework", "ma-section-1r" ] }, { "text": "Massachusetts' June 2026 statewide graduation framework recommends a required financial literacy module as a future MyCAP milestone, but the current statewide competency-determination rules and graduation guidance do not create a personal finance requirement. House Bill 4670 would separately require instruction, but it remained before the Senate Ways and Means Committee as of this review and is not current law.", "sourceIds": [ "ma-graduation-recommendation", "ma-current-graduation", "ma-h4670" ] } ], "domains": [ { "name": "Earning and spending income", "summary": "Six standards address work, income, taxes, advertising, payment methods, and consumer protection.", "standards": [ { "code": "PFL.T1.1", "title": "Choosing work", "description": "Explain how qualifications and factors such as satisfaction, independence, salary, learning opportunities, benefits, and location shape job choices.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial literacy", "sourceId": "ma-framework", "sourcePage": "PDF page 174" }, { "code": "PFL.T1.2", "title": "Labor markets and income", "description": "Explain how labor markets determine wages and salaries and how economic or industry changes affect income and unemployment.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial literacy", "sourceId": "ma-framework", "sourcePage": "PDF page 174" }, { "code": "PFL.T1.3", "title": "Federal income-tax rates", "description": "Analyze the impact of federal income-tax rates on people at different income levels from 1950 to the present.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial literacy", "sourceId": "ma-framework", "sourcePage": "PDF page 174" }, { "code": "PFL.T1.4", "title": "Advertising and purchasing", "description": "Describe how advertising and social media influence purchasing and use data to research their effects on durable and temporary purchases.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial literacy", "sourceId": "ma-framework", "sourcePage": "PDF page 174" }, { "code": "PFL.T1.5", "title": "Ways to pay", "description": "Compare the costs and benefits of cash, cards, checks, mobile payments, layaway, rent-to-own, and other ways of paying or donating.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial literacy", "sourceId": "ma-framework", "sourcePage": "PDF page 174" }, { "code": "PFL.T1.6", "title": "Consumer protection", "description": "Explain the roles of state and federal governments in protecting consumers.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial literacy", "sourceId": "ma-framework", "sourcePage": "PDF page 174" } ] }, { "name": "Saving money", "summary": "Six standards cover banking, interest, inflation, saving incentives, regulation, and goal-based planning.", "standards": [ { "code": "PFL.T2.1", "title": "Banks as financial intermediaries", "description": "Recognize that banks and other financial institutions lend funds received from depositors to borrowers.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial literacy", "sourceId": "ma-framework", "sourcePage": "PDF page 174" }, { "code": "PFL.T2.2", "title": "Principal and interest", "description": "Explain principal, interest, and compound interest and how each affects savings growth.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial literacy", "sourceId": "ma-framework", "sourcePage": "PDF page 174" }, { "code": "PFL.T2.3", "title": "Real and nominal returns", "description": "Explain the difference between a real savings return adjusted for inflation and a nominal interest rate.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial literacy", "sourceId": "ma-framework", "sourcePage": "PDF page 174" }, { "code": "PFL.T2.4", "title": "Government saving incentives", "description": "Research individual retirement accounts and education savings plans and analyze their effectiveness as saving incentives.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial literacy", "sourceId": "ma-framework", "sourcePage": "PDF page 174" }, { "code": "PFL.T2.5", "title": "Banking regulation and consumer safety", "description": "Analyze how the Federal Reserve, CFPB, FDIC, and state banking departments protect banking-system safety and consumers.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial literacy", "sourceId": "ma-framework", "sourcePage": "PDF page 174" }, { "code": "PFL.T2.6", "title": "Saving for a future goal", "description": "Formulate a saving or investment plan for a future goal such as college or retirement.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial literacy", "sourceId": "ma-framework", "sourcePage": "PDF page 174" } ] }, { "name": "Using credit and making investments", "summary": "Ten standards address borrowing terms, credit records, repayment, financial assets, markets, diversification, and regulation.", "standards": [ { "code": "PFL.T3.1", "title": "Credit cards as loans", "description": "Recognize credit-card purchases as loans and explain fees and comparatively high interest rates.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial literacy", "sourceId": "ma-framework", "sourcePage": "PDF page 175" }, { "code": "PFL.T3.2", "title": "Introductory credit rates", "description": "Explain why low introductory credit rates may rise after a late or missed payment.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial literacy", "sourceId": "ma-framework", "sourcePage": "PDF page 175" }, { "code": "PFL.T3.3", "title": "Credit bureaus, reports, and scores", "description": "Explain credit bureaus and ratings, factors leading to denial, and how reports and scores may affect hiring, renting, and insurance.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial literacy", "sourceId": "ma-framework", "sourcePage": "PDF page 175" }, { "code": "PFL.T3.4", "title": "Consequences of unpaid debt", "description": "Research long-term consequences of failing to repay loans, including credit damage, repossession, garnishment, future borrowing limits, and bankruptcy.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial literacy", "sourceId": "ma-framework", "sourcePage": "PDF page 175" }, { "code": "PFL.T3.5", "title": "Credit-disclosure rights", "description": "Explain a consumer's right to full disclosure of loan terms and to a free credit report for verification.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial literacy", "sourceId": "ma-framework", "sourcePage": "PDF page 175" }, { "code": "PFL.T3.6", "title": "Planning a major purchase", "description": "Create a credit plan for a major purchase such as a vehicle or home and compare interest rates.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial literacy", "sourceId": "ma-framework", "sourcePage": "PDF page 175" }, { "code": "PFL.T3.7", "title": "Financial assets", "description": "Define financial assets such as deposits, stocks, bonds, mutual funds, and real estate and explain why their values change.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial literacy", "sourceId": "ma-framework", "sourcePage": "PDF page 175" }, { "code": "PFL.T3.8", "title": "Prices and returns in financial markets", "description": "Explain how buyers and sellers determine asset prices and influence rates of return.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial literacy", "sourceId": "ma-framework", "sourcePage": "PDF page 175" }, { "code": "PFL.T3.9", "title": "Diversification", "description": "Analyze how holding different kinds of assets can reduce risk for an individual investor.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial literacy", "sourceId": "ma-framework", "sourcePage": "PDF page 175" }, { "code": "PFL.T3.10", "title": "Securities regulation", "description": "Analyze the Securities and Exchange Commission's role in regulating financial markets.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial literacy", "sourceId": "ma-framework", "sourcePage": "PDF page 175" } ] }, { "name": "Protecting and insuring assets", "summary": "Two standards cover insurance decisions and protecting personal information from identity theft.", "standards": [ { "code": "PFL.T4.1", "title": "Insurance purposes, costs, and coverage", "description": "Explain common insurance types, research competing costs and coverage, and select an appropriate option for a particular consumer.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial literacy", "sourceId": "ma-framework", "sourcePage": "PDF page 175" }, { "code": "PFL.T4.2", "title": "Identity theft and information security", "description": "Explain identity-theft risks and ways to protect sensitive information in online transactions, email scams, and telemarketing.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school personal financial literacy", "sourceId": "ma-framework", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 175-176" } ] } ], "policyTimeline": [ { "date": "2018-06-26", "event": "The Board adopted the current History and Social Science Framework, including 24 high-school personal financial literacy standards.", "sourceId": "ma-framework" }, { "date": "2019-11-26", "event": "The Student Opportunity Act added General Laws chapter 69, section 1R, defining personal financial literacy topics and permitting integration into existing curriculum.", "sourceId": "ma-section-1r" }, { "date": "2025-10-30", "event": "The House-approved financial literacy bill was referred to the Senate Committee on Ways and Means, where it remained pending at this review.", "sourceId": "ma-h4670" }, { "date": "2026-06-17", "event": "The administration released recommendations for a future statewide graduation framework that would include a financial literacy module; current student requirements did not change.", "sourceId": "ma-graduation-recommendation" } ], "lawsAndRules": [ { "identifier": "M.G.L. c. 69, § 1R", "title": "Financial literacy standards; establishment and implementation", "summary": "Specifies financial literacy topics, permits integration into existing subjects, and directs DESE to make instructional resources available.", "officialUrl": "https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartI/TitleXII/Chapter69/Section1R", "effectiveDate": "2019-11-26", "sourceId": "ma-section-1r" }, { "identifier": "M.G.L. c. 69, § 1D", "title": "Statewide educational goals and academic standards", "summary": "Authorizes the Board to include financial literacy and consumer skills in statewide academic standards.", "officialUrl": "https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartI/TitleXII/Chapter69/Section1D", "effectiveDate": null, "sourceId": "ma-section-1d" } ], "educatorNotes": [ { "text": "Treat the 24 high-school personal financial literacy standards as the complete state framework for this topic, but do not describe Massachusetts as requiring a statewide personal finance course or credit.", "sourceIds": [ "ma-framework", "ma-current-graduation" ] }, { "text": "Districts may use a stand-alone course or embed the standards in existing subjects. Local curriculum and diploma policies determine how students encounter the content.", "sourceIds": [ "ma-framework", "ma-section-1r" ] }, { "text": "The June 2026 graduation framework and House Bill 4670 describe possible future requirements. Neither changed current statewide graduation rules as of this review.", "sourceIds": [ "ma-current-graduation", "ma-h4670" ] } ], "sources": [ { "id": "ma-framework", "title": "2018 Massachusetts History and Social Science Curriculum Framework", "authority": "Massachusetts Department of Elementary and Secondary Education", "url": "https://www.doe.mass.edu/frameworks/hss/2018-12.pdf", "sourceType": "standards", "publicationDate": "2018-06-26", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Board adoption statement, PDF page 3; High School Standards for Personal Financial Literacy, PDF pages 173-176", "supports": [ "Board adoption date", "all 24 standards", "four topics", "instructional duration", "stand-alone and integrated delivery options" ], "excerpt": "The topics below could be taught as a separate course or adapted for use in a history and social science, mathematics, family and consumer science, business, or college and career readiness curriculum." }, { "id": "ma-section-1r", "title": "General Laws Chapter 69, Section 1R", "authority": "Massachusetts General Court", "url": "https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartI/TitleXII/Chapter69/Section1R", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": "2019-11-26", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Subsections (a)-(c)", "supports": [ "financial literacy standards topics", "optional integration into existing curriculum", "DESE resources" ], "excerpt": "A school district ... may incorporate the financial literacy standards ... into existing curriculum." }, { "id": "ma-section-1d", "title": "General Laws Chapter 69, Section 1D", "authority": "Massachusetts General Court", "url": "https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartI/TitleXII/Chapter69/Section1D", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Statewide academic standards", "supports": [ "Board authority for financial literacy standards", "relationship to curriculum frameworks" ], "excerpt": "The board may also include the teaching of family life skills, financial literacy and consumer skills." }, { "id": "ma-current-frameworks", "title": "Current Curriculum Frameworks", "authority": "Massachusetts Department of Elementary and Secondary Education", "url": "https://www.doe.mass.edu/frameworks/current.html", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2026-03-24", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "History and Social Science", "supports": [ "2018 framework remains current" ], "excerpt": "2018 History and Social Science Framework." }, { "id": "ma-current-graduation", "title": "Graduation Requirements", "authority": "Massachusetts Department of Elementary and Secondary Education", "url": "https://www.doe.mass.edu/ccte/graduation/default.html", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "State competency determination and local graduation requirements", "supports": [ "current statewide graduation framework", "local coursework requirements", "absence of a personal finance completion requirement" ], "excerpt": "Each local school district in Massachusetts establishes its own graduation requirements." }, { "id": "ma-graduation-recommendation", "title": "Governor Healey Releases Final Recommendations to Modernize High School Graduation Requirements", "authority": "Massachusetts Executive Office of Education", "url": "https://www.mass.gov/news/governor-healey-releases-final-recommendations-to-modernize-high-school-graduation-requirements", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2026-06-17", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Financial Literacy", "supports": [ "future module recommendation", "proposed flexible delivery" ], "excerpt": "Students will complete a financial literacy module ... as a required MyCAP milestone." }, { "id": "ma-h4670", "title": "House Bill 4670: An Act relative to personal financial literacy education", "authority": "Massachusetts General Court", "url": "https://malegislature.gov/Bills/194/H4670", "sourceType": "bill", "publicationDate": "2025-10-29", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Status and Bill History", "supports": [ "pending proposal distinguished from current law" ], "excerpt": "Status: Referred to Senate Committee on Ways and Means." } ], "faq": [ { "question": "Does Massachusetts require a personal finance course to graduate?", "answer": "No statewide personal finance course or credit is currently required for every Massachusetts student. Districts set current coursework requirements, while the state provides high-school financial literacy standards that may be taught in several ways.", "sourceIds": [ "ma-current-graduation", "ma-framework" ] }, { "question": "Does Massachusetts have financial literacy standards?", "answer": "Yes. The current state framework contains 24 high-school personal financial literacy standards in four topics: income and spending, saving, credit and investing, and protecting and insuring assets.", "sourceIds": [ "ma-framework", "ma-current-frameworks" ] }, { "question": "Must Massachusetts schools teach financial literacy as a stand-alone course?", "answer": "No. State law and the framework allow the standards to be incorporated into existing subjects, and the framework also allows districts to create a stand-alone course.", "sourceIds": [ "ma-section-1r", "ma-framework" ] }, { "question": "How much instructional time does Massachusetts recommend?", "answer": "The high-school standards are designed for approximately one quarter to one half of a school year, but the state does not attach a universal credit amount to them.", "sourceIds": [ "ma-framework" ] }, { "question": "Will Massachusetts add financial literacy to statewide graduation requirements?", "answer": "The administration recommended a required MyCAP financial literacy module in June 2026, and House Bill 4670 would create a statutory requirement. As of September 20, 2026, those proposals had not changed current graduation requirements.", "sourceIds": [ "ma-graduation-recommendation", "ma-current-graduation", "ma-h4670" ] } ], "relatedStates": [] }, { "name": "Michigan", "abbreviation": "MI", "slug": "michigan", "jurisdictionType": "state", "lastReviewed": "2026-09-20", "researchStatus": "verified", "indexable": true, "seo": { "title": "Michigan Personal Finance Standards & Requirements", "description": "See Michigan's half-credit personal finance graduation rule, grade-eight cohort, flexible course options, seven standards, and official sources.", "socialImage": "/icon-512.png" }, "summary": "Michigan requires students entering grade 8 in 2023 or later to earn one-half credit in personal finance before receiving a high school diploma. The state does not require a stand-alone course: districts may embed the seven expectations in economics, mathematics, Career and Technical Education, or another course and award credit after proficiency is demonstrated.", "summarySourceIds": [ "mi-law", "mi-requirements", "mi-content" ], "requirement": { "overallStatuses": [ "graduation_requirement", "integrated_requirement", "pending_or_phased" ], "standaloneCourseRequired": false, "graduationRequirement": true, "creditRequirement": "0.5 credit", "gradeLevels": [ "Grade 8 or high school, when high-school proficiency is demonstrated" ], "effectiveDate": null, "effectiveSchoolYear": "Students entering grade 8 in 2023 and later", "firstGraduatingClass": null, "assessmentRequired": true, "responsibleAgency": "Michigan Department of Education", "deliveryNotes": "Districts determine course structure, delivery, and proficiency measures. The standards may be taught in a specific course, embedded in another course or approved CTE program, or completed before high school for high-school credit. The credit must replace 0.5 of the fourth mathematics credit, arts credit, or world-language credit as locally determined. Credit decisions must be based at least in part on a state- or locally selected assessment of the applicable expectations; no separate statewide personal-finance test is prescribed.", "sourceIds": [ "mi-law", "mi-requirements", "mi-faq", "mi-content" ] }, "standardsDocument": { "title": "Michigan Merit Curriculum Personal Finance 9-12 Content Expectations", "adoptingAuthority": "Michigan State Board of Education", "adoptionDate": "2019", "effectiveDate": null, "officialUrl": "https://www.michigan.gov/mde/-/media/Project/Websites/mde/Academic-Standards/Personal-Finance/Personal_Finance_Content_Expectations.pdf", "sourceId": "mi-content" }, "narrative": [ { "text": "Michigan's graduation rule begins with students entering grade 8 in 2023. A diploma cannot be awarded until a covered student completes one-half credit aligned to the state personal finance content expectations. The official sources do not state a first graduating-class label, so this record preserves the statutory cohort wording.", "sourceIds": [ "mi-law", "mi-requirements" ] }, { "text": "Michigan does not require a course with a particular title or a semester of seat time. Credit is proficiency-based, and districts may embed the seven personal finance expectations in economics, mathematics, CTE, projects, or other experiences. Students may also test out or earn the credit before high school if they demonstrate the high-school expectations.", "sourceIds": [ "mi-requirements", "mi-faq" ] }, { "text": "The half-credit does not simply add to every student's Michigan Merit Curriculum total. Local boards must use it to fulfill one-half credit of the fourth mathematics credit, visual, performing, or applied arts, or world language. If it replaces part of the fourth mathematics credit, a district may structure a course to award both personal finance and mathematics credit.", "sourceIds": [ "mi-law", "mi-requirements", "mi-faq" ] }, { "text": "MDE's short online FAQ says 'six' recognized personal finance standards, but the controlling State Board expectations document and MDE's detailed course-credit appendix each publish seven, PF1 through PF7. This record follows the two formal documents and treats the short FAQ count as an agency webpage error.", "sourceIds": [ "mi-content", "mi-requirements", "mi-faq" ] }, { "text": "House Bill 4156 proposed reorganizing the Michigan Merit Curriculum and eventually placing personal finance in a new future-skills credit, but it remained in the Senate Education Committee and did not amend current law.", "sourceIds": [ "mi-hb4156", "mi-law" ] } ], "domains": [ { "name": "Michigan personal finance content expectations", "summary": "The complete state set contains seven expectations covering income, purchases, budgeting, credit, investing, insurance, and taxes.", "standards": [ { "code": "PF1", "title": "Earning Income", "description": "Research potential income and employee benefits, non-income career factors, education or technical-skill costs and benefits, likely taxes, and other income sources.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "mi-content", "sourcePage": "PDF page 2" }, { "code": "PF2", "title": "Buying Goods and Services", "description": "Describe factors consumers may consider when purchasing a good or service, including costs, benefits, and government's role in obtaining information.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "mi-content", "sourcePage": "PDF page 2" }, { "code": "PF3", "title": "Budgeting and Saving", "description": "Identify incentives to set aside income for future consumption and evaluate how time, interest rates, and inflation affect savings.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "mi-content", "sourcePage": "PDF page 2" }, { "code": "PF4", "title": "Using Credit", "description": "Evaluate the benefits, costs, and potential effects of using credit, including FAFSA, student loans, scholarships, work-study, and grants.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "mi-content", "sourcePage": "PDF page 2" }, { "code": "PF5", "title": "Financial Investing", "description": "Analyze investment risk, expected return, tax benefits, inflation, government agencies, and diversification.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "mi-content", "sourcePage": "PDF page 2" }, { "code": "PF6", "title": "Protecting and Insuring", "description": "Assess risks to income, assets, health, and identity and decide whether to accept, reduce, or transfer the risk.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "mi-content", "sourcePage": "PDF page 2" }, { "code": "PF7", "title": "Paying Taxes", "description": "Identify and evaluate federal, state, and local taxes, benefits and drawbacks, effects on take-home pay, IRS forms, and personal tax consequences.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "mi-content", "sourcePage": "PDF page 2" } ] } ], "policyTimeline": [ { "date": "2019", "event": "The State Board approved personal finance expectations within Michigan's social studies standards.", "sourceId": "mi-content" }, { "date": "2022-06-16", "event": "Public Act 105 amended the Michigan Merit Curriculum to create the half-credit personal finance requirement.", "sourceId": "mi-law" }, { "date": "2023", "event": "The requirement began with students entering grade 8, and MDE republished the personal finance expectations as a separate document.", "sourceId": "mi-content" }, { "date": "2025-04-22", "event": "House Bill 4156, a proposed Michigan Merit Curriculum reorganization, was referred to the Senate Education Committee and remained unenacted.", "sourceId": "mi-hb4156" } ], "lawsAndRules": [ { "identifier": "MCL 380.1278a(3)", "title": "Michigan Merit Curriculum personal finance credit", "summary": "Bars a district or public school academy from awarding a diploma to a covered student without the half-credit and specifies which other credit category it fulfills.", "officialUrl": "https://www.legislature.mi.gov/Laws/MCL?objectName=mcl-380-1278a", "effectiveDate": "2022-06-16", "sourceId": "mi-law" }, { "identifier": "Public Act 105 of 2022", "title": "Personal finance graduation credit", "summary": "Added the personal finance credit beginning with students entering grade 8 in 2023.", "officialUrl": "https://www.legislature.mi.gov/documents/2021-2022/publicact/pdf/2022-PA-0105.pdf", "effectiveDate": "2022-06-16", "sourceId": "mi-law" } ], "educatorNotes": [ { "text": "Award the half-credit only after the student demonstrates proficiency in all seven published personal finance expectations. Base the decision at least in part on an assessment developed or selected by the state or district.", "sourceIds": [ "mi-law", "mi-requirements", "mi-content" ] }, { "text": "A separate course is optional. Districts may embed the expectations in economics, mathematics, CTE, or another course and set local structure and proficiency measures.", "sourceIds": [ "mi-requirements", "mi-faq" ] }, { "text": "Document which permitted Michigan Merit Curriculum category the personal finance credit fulfills: fourth mathematics, visual/performing/applied arts, or world language.", "sourceIds": [ "mi-law", "mi-requirements" ] } ], "sources": [ { "id": "mi-law", "title": "Michigan Compiled Laws 380.1278a", "authority": "Michigan Legislature", "url": "https://www.legislature.mi.gov/Laws/MCL?objectName=mcl-380-1278a", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": "2022-06-16", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Subsections (3) and (5)", "supports": [ "grade-eight cohort", "half-credit diploma condition", "credit substitution", "CTE pathway", "proficiency-based credit", "assessment basis" ], "excerpt": "Beginning with pupils entering grade 8 in 2023 ... [a district] shall not award a high school diploma ... unless the pupil completes a 1/2 credit course in personal finance." }, { "id": "mi-requirements", "title": "Personal Finance Course/Credit Requirements", "authority": "Michigan Department of Education", "url": "https://www.michigan.gov/mde/-/media/Project/Websites/mde/Academic-Standards/Personal-Finance/Personal_Finance_Course_Credit.pdf", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2023", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "PDF pages 2-7 and Appendix A", "supports": [ "grade-eight cohort", "embedded delivery", "no seat-time rule", "credit substitutions", "PF1-PF7", "local proficiency measures" ], "excerpt": "Students must be awarded a 1/2 credit in personal finance once they have proven mastery of the personal finance content expectations." }, { "id": "mi-content", "title": "Personal Finance 9-12 Content Expectations", "authority": "Michigan Department of Education", "url": "https://www.michigan.gov/mde/-/media/Project/Websites/mde/Academic-Standards/Personal-Finance/Personal_Finance_Content_Expectations.pdf", "sourceType": "standards", "publicationDate": "2023-05", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Introduction and PF1-PF7, PDF page 2", "supports": [ "complete seven-expectation framework", "2019 State Board approval provenance", "grade-eight cohort" ], "excerpt": "PF1 Earning Income ... PF7 Paying Taxes." }, { "id": "mi-faq", "title": "Michigan Merit Curriculum Personal Finance FAQ", "authority": "Michigan Department of Education", "url": "https://www.michigan.gov/mde/services/academic-standards/mmc/michigan_merit_curriculum_faq_guidance/mmc-required-content/personal-finance", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Questions on course delivery and credit substitutions; webpage's 'six' count reconciled against PF1-PF7 in formal documents", "supports": [ "embedded-course option", "math treatment", "18-credit total", "documented count discrepancy" ], "excerpt": "Students can meet this requirement in any course that embeds the content standards." }, { "id": "mi-resources", "title": "Personal Finance: Requirements and Resources", "authority": "Michigan Department of Education", "url": "https://www.michigan.gov/mde/services/academic-standards/personal-finance", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Personal Finance Policy and Personal Finance Content Expectations", "supports": [ "current requirement", "credit placement", "CTE option", "current official resources" ], "excerpt": "Section 380.1278a ... requires Michigan students entering 8th grade in 2023 to complete a 1/2 credit course in personal finance." }, { "id": "mi-hb4156", "title": "House Bill 4156 (2025): Michigan Merit Curriculum modifications", "authority": "Michigan Legislature", "url": "https://legislature.mi.gov/Bills/Bill?ObjectName=2025-HB-4156", "sourceType": "bill", "publicationDate": "2025-02-26", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Bill history; House-passed H-3 substitute; referral to Senate Education Committee on April 22, 2025", "supports": [ "proposed future-skills reclassification", "unenacted status", "current law unchanged" ], "excerpt": "Referred To Committee On Education — 4/22/2025." } ], "faq": [ { "question": "Does Michigan require personal finance to graduate?", "answer": "Yes. Students entering grade 8 in 2023 or later must earn one-half credit in personal finance. Official sources identify the entering-grade-eight cohort but do not state a first graduating-class label.", "sourceIds": [ "mi-law", "mi-requirements" ] }, { "question": "Does Michigan require a stand-alone personal finance course?", "answer": "No. The standards may be embedded in economics, mathematics, a state-approved CTE program, or another course. Districts determine structure and proficiency measures.", "sourceIds": [ "mi-requirements", "mi-faq" ] }, { "question": "Can Michigan students earn the credit before high school?", "answer": "Yes. If a middle-school course teaches the high-school content expectations and the student demonstrates proficiency, the district must award the half-credit.", "sourceIds": [ "mi-requirements" ] }, { "question": "Does Michigan's personal finance credit increase the statewide diploma total?", "answer": "Not automatically. The half-credit must fulfill part of the fourth mathematics, arts, or world-language requirement as determined by the local board. Districts may add local requirements beyond the state minimum.", "sourceIds": [ "mi-law", "mi-requirements" ] }, { "question": "What do Michigan's personal finance standards cover?", "answer": "The seven expectations cover earning income, buying goods and services, budgeting and saving, using credit, investing, protecting and insuring, and paying taxes.", "sourceIds": [ "mi-content" ] }, { "question": "Does Michigan publish six or seven personal finance expectations?", "answer": "Seven. The formal State Board expectations document and MDE's course-credit appendix list PF1 through PF7. A short MDE FAQ says 'six,' but it does not reproduce the framework and conflicts with both formal documents.", "sourceIds": [ "mi-content", "mi-requirements", "mi-faq" ] } ], "relatedStates": [] }, { "name": "Minnesota", "abbreviation": "MN", "slug": "minnesota", "jurisdictionType": "state", "lastReviewed": "2026-09-20", "researchStatus": "verified", "indexable": true, "seo": { "title": "Minnesota Personal Finance Standards & Requirements", "description": "Learn which Minnesota students must complete a personal finance course, when the graduation rule begins, how local credit works, and what official guidance recommends.", "socialImage": "/icon-512.png" }, "summary": "Minnesota requires students who enter grade 9 in the 2024-25 school year or later to complete a personal finance course for credit in grade 10, 11, or 12 before graduating. The course must center personal finance, but districts determine its credit value, local standards, schedule, and curriculum. It is separate from Minnesota's required mathematics, economics, and broader social studies credits. Minnesota has not adopted statewide academic standards for this new course; Department of Education guidance instead recommends six content areas for local course development.", "summarySourceIds": [ "mn-statute", "mn-guidance", "mn-faq" ], "requirement": { "overallStatuses": [ "standalone_course_required", "graduation_requirement", "pending_or_phased" ], "standaloneCourseRequired": true, "graduationRequirement": true, "creditRequirement": "Course for locally determined credit; no statewide credit amount", "gradeLevels": [ "Grades 10-12" ], "effectiveDate": "2024-07-01", "effectiveSchoolYear": "2024-25 entering grade-nine cohort", "firstGraduatingClass": null, "assessmentRequired": null, "responsibleAgency": "Minnesota Department of Education", "deliveryNotes": "The course should make personal finance its primary focus and may sit within social studies, business education, mathematics, family and consumer sciences, agricultural education, or outside a department. It does not count toward the minimum required mathematics or social studies credits; local districts determine credit value and locally developed standards.", "sourceIds": [ "mn-statute", "mn-guidance", "mn-faq", "mn-graduation" ] }, "standardsDocument": null, "narrative": [ { "text": "Minnesota's personal finance mandate applies by cohort. Students entering grade 9 in 2024-25 or later must successfully complete a course for credit in personal finance during grade 10, 11, or 12. The statute does not name a first graduating class, and this record preserves the official entering-cohort language rather than converting it to an assumed class year.", "sourceIds": [ "mn-statute", "mn-session-law", "mn-faq" ] }, { "text": "The required course is separate from economics and mathematics graduation credits. MDE says personal finance content and skills should be the course's primary focus, and a personal finance offering placed in a mathematics or social studies department does not count toward that subject's minimum state credits. Approved CTE program options may be used when they meet applicable program rules.", "sourceIds": [ "mn-guidance", "mn-faq", "mn-graduation" ] }, { "text": "Minnesota does not prescribe a uniform credit amount. Districts choose the value under local credit policies and may account for semester, trimester, block, virtual, and other schedules. Qualifying teachers must hold a field license or out-of-field permission in agricultural education, business, family and consumer science, social studies, or mathematics.", "sourceIds": [ "mn-statute", "mn-guidance", "mn-faq" ] }, { "text": "No statewide academic standards or benchmarks govern the required personal finance course. The separate 2021 social studies economics standards include personal finance, but MDE expressly distinguishes those standards from the new course requirement. Statewide guidance recommends two recurring outcomes and six focus areas for districts developing local standards and curriculum.", "sourceIds": [ "mn-guidance", "mn-social-studies" ] } ], "domains": [ { "name": "Recommended course-content framework", "summary": "Minnesota has no binding academic standards for the required course. These six official guidance areas are recommendations for districts developing local course standards and content, not statewide performance benchmarks.", "standards": [ { "code": "Guidance Focus Area 1", "title": "Financial psychology", "description": "Evaluate beliefs, culture, information sources, advertising, social media, behavioral bias, decision-making processes, and goal setting that influence financial behavior.", "gradeOrCourse": "Locally developed grades 10-12 course", "sourceId": "mn-guidance", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 4-5" }, { "code": "Guidance Focus Area 2", "title": "Earning and income", "description": "Connect education, careers, employment offers, benefits, pay statements, taxes, economic conditions, and postsecondary decisions to income and financial security.", "gradeOrCourse": "Locally developed grades 10-12 course", "sourceId": "mn-guidance", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 4-6" }, { "code": "Guidance Focus Area 3", "title": "Financial systems", "description": "Compare financial institutions, products, services, payment systems, consumer protections, regulatory roles, financial technology, and access to financial services.", "gradeOrCourse": "Locally developed grades 10-12 course", "sourceId": "mn-guidance", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 4-7" }, { "code": "Guidance Focus Area 4", "title": "Credit and debt management", "description": "Evaluate credit products, scores, reports, interest, loan terms, student debt, predatory practices, repayment strategies, and the long-term consequences of borrowing.", "gradeOrCourse": "Locally developed grades 10-12 course", "sourceId": "mn-guidance", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 4-8" }, { "code": "Guidance Focus Area 5", "title": "Risk management", "description": "Assess financial risks, insurance products and costs, fraud, identity theft, data privacy, emergency planning, and strategies for protecting income and assets.", "gradeOrCourse": "Locally developed grades 10-12 course", "sourceId": "mn-guidance", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 4-9" }, { "code": "Guidance Focus Area 6", "title": "Budgeting and investing", "description": "Develop spending and saving plans, compare investments, apply compound growth, evaluate risk and diversification, and plan for retirement and other long-term goals.", "gradeOrCourse": "Locally developed grades 10-12 course", "sourceId": "mn-guidance", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 4-10" } ] } ], "policyTimeline": [ { "date": "2023-05-24", "event": "Chapter 55 enacted the personal finance course graduation requirement.", "sourceId": "mn-session-law" }, { "date": "2024-25", "event": "The requirement began with students entering grade 9 in the 2024-25 school year.", "sourceId": "mn-statute" }, { "date": "2025-02-28", "event": "MDE published final statewide implementation guidance for locally developed courses.", "sourceId": "mn-guidance" }, { "date": "2026-27", "event": "Minnesota's separate 2021 social studies standards, including the economics personal-finance anchor, reach full implementation.", "sourceId": "mn-social-studies" } ], "lawsAndRules": [ { "identifier": "Minn. Stat. § 120B.024, subd. 1(b)", "title": "Credits and personal finance graduation requirement", "summary": "Requires the covered grade-nine cohorts to complete a personal finance course for credit in grade 10, 11, or 12 and specifies eligible teacher-license fields.", "officialUrl": "https://www.revisor.mn.gov/statutes/cite/120b.024", "effectiveDate": "2024-07-01", "sourceId": "mn-statute" }, { "identifier": "Laws of Minnesota 2023, chapter 55, article 2, section 7", "title": "Education policy enactment", "summary": "Created the personal finance course requirement effective for the 2024-25 school year and later.", "officialUrl": "https://www.revisor.mn.gov/laws/2023/0/55/", "effectiveDate": "2024-07-01", "sourceId": "mn-session-law" } ], "educatorNotes": [ { "text": "Create local academic standards for the required course; Minnesota has not adopted statewide personal finance course standards. The MDE framework is recommended guidance rather than binding benchmarks.", "sourceIds": [ "mn-guidance", "mn-faq" ] }, { "text": "Keep the personal finance credit separate from required mathematics and social studies credits. Even when housed in one of those departments, the course cannot double-count toward the minimum credit in that subject.", "sourceIds": [ "mn-guidance", "mn-faq" ] }, { "text": "Set the course credit value through local policy and ensure the assigned teacher has an eligible field license or out-of-field permission.", "sourceIds": [ "mn-statute", "mn-guidance" ] } ], "sources": [ { "id": "mn-statute", "title": "Minnesota Statutes, section 120B.024: Credits", "authority": "Minnesota Revisor of Statutes", "url": "https://www.revisor.mn.gov/statutes/cite/120b.024", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": "2025", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Subdivision 1(b)", "supports": [ "graduation requirement", "2024-25 entering cohort", "grades 10-12", "course for credit", "teacher licensure" ], "excerpt": "Students who begin grade 9 in the 2024-2025 school year and later must successfully complete a course for credit in personal finance in grade 10, 11, or 12." }, { "id": "mn-session-law", "title": "Laws of Minnesota 2023, Chapter 55", "authority": "Minnesota Revisor of Statutes", "url": "https://www.revisor.mn.gov/laws/2023/0/55/", "sourceType": "bill", "publicationDate": "2023-05-24", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Article 2, section 7 and effective-date clause", "supports": [ "enactment", "2024-25 effective school year", "original course language" ], "excerpt": "This section is effective for the 2024-2025 school year and later." }, { "id": "mn-guidance", "title": "2024 Minnesota Personal Finance Education Statewide Guidance", "authority": "Minnesota Department of Education", "url": "https://education.mn.gov/mdeprod/idcplg?IdcService=GET_FILE&Rendition=primary&RevisionSelectionMethod=latestReleased&dDocName=PROD085901", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2025-02-28", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "PDF pages 1-10 and 34-44", "supports": [ "implementation", "local credit amount", "no statewide course standards", "course focus", "six recommended content areas", "CTE options" ], "excerpt": "Minnesota does not have academic standards or benchmarks for the required course in personal finance. Districts and charter schools may choose to create local standards." }, { "id": "mn-faq", "title": "Frequently Asked Questions: Personal Finance Legislation", "authority": "Minnesota Department of Education", "url": "https://education.mn.gov/mdeprod/idcplg?IdcService=GET_FILE&Rendition=primary&RevisionSelectionMethod=latestReleased&dDocName=PROD082410", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2025-04-09", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "PDF pages 1-2, questions 1-7", "supports": [ "covered students", "qualifying courses", "local credit determination", "separation from economics", "lack of state course standards" ], "excerpt": "The credit amount awarded for the personal finance course is a locally determined decision." }, { "id": "mn-graduation", "title": "Graduation Requirements", "authority": "Minnesota Department of Education", "url": "https://education.mn.gov/MDE/dse/gradreq/", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Minimum state credits, personal finance course, and credit equivalencies", "supports": [ "current graduation requirements", "personal finance course", "separate subject credits" ], "excerpt": "Students who begin grade 9 in the 2024-25 school year and later must successfully complete a course for credit in personal finance in grade 10, 11, or 12." }, { "id": "mn-social-studies", "title": "Social Studies Education Standards Review and Revision", "authority": "Minnesota Department of Education", "url": "https://education.mn.gov/MDE/dse/stds/soc/socialstand/", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2026", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "2021 standards status and implementation schedule", "supports": [ "separate social studies standards", "2026-27 full implementation" ], "excerpt": "The 2021 K-12 Academic Standards in Social Studies will be fully implemented in the 2026-27 school year." } ], "faq": [ { "question": "Does Minnesota require a personal finance course to graduate?", "answer": "Yes. Students entering grade 9 in 2024-25 or later must complete a course for credit in personal finance during grade 10, 11, or 12.", "sourceIds": [ "mn-statute", "mn-faq" ] }, { "question": "How much personal finance credit does Minnesota require?", "answer": "Minnesota requires a course for credit but does not set one statewide credit value. Each district determines the amount under its local credit policy and schedule.", "sourceIds": [ "mn-guidance", "mn-faq" ] }, { "question": "Can Minnesota's personal finance course replace economics or mathematics credit?", "answer": "No. MDE treats the personal finance course as separate from the required economics, social studies, and mathematics credits, even when the course is housed in one of those departments.", "sourceIds": [ "mn-guidance", "mn-faq" ] }, { "question": "What standards govern Minnesota's required personal finance course?", "answer": "Minnesota has no statewide academic standards for the course. Districts develop local standards and may use MDE's six recommended content areas for course planning.", "sourceIds": [ "mn-guidance", "mn-faq" ] }, { "question": "Who may teach the Minnesota personal finance course?", "answer": "The teacher must have a field license or out-of-field permission in agricultural education, business, family and consumer science, social studies, or mathematics.", "sourceIds": [ "mn-statute" ] } ], "relatedStates": [] }, { "name": "Mississippi", "abbreviation": "MS", "slug": "mississippi", "jurisdictionType": "state", "lastReviewed": "2026-09-20", "researchStatus": "verified", "indexable": true, "seo": { "title": "Mississippi Personal Finance Standards & Requirements", "description": "Mississippi enacted a class-of-2032 personal finance graduation requirement and uses financial literacy in its CCR curriculum. Review credits, options, dates, and official sources.", "socialImage": "/icon-512.png" }, "summary": "Mississippi has enacted a personal finance graduation requirement beginning with the class of 2032. Covered students must pass either a one-half Carnegie unit personal finance course or a full Carnegie unit course in which at least half of the standards concern financial literacy. Financial literacy is already embedded in the state's one-unit College and Career Readiness curriculum, but current graduation policy also permits approved substitutes for that CCR credit. Middle-grade integration begins in 2027-28.", "summarySourceIds": [ "ms-sb2294", "ms-legislative-summary", "ms-accountability", "ms-ccr-curriculum" ], "requirement": { "overallStatuses": [ "graduation_requirement", "integrated_requirement", "pending_or_phased" ], "standaloneCourseRequired": false, "graduationRequirement": true, "creditRequirement": "Beginning with the class of 2032: 0.5 Carnegie unit in personal finance, or 1.0 Carnegie unit in a course where at least half the standards concern financial literacy", "gradeLevels": [ "Grades 6-8 integrated instruction beginning 2027-28", "Grades 9-12 course completion beginning with class of 2032" ], "effectiveDate": "2026-07-01", "effectiveSchoolYear": "2027-28 middle-grade integration; class of 2032 high school requirement", "firstGraduatingClass": "2032", "assessmentRequired": null, "responsibleAgency": "Mississippi State Board of Education and Mississippi Department of Education", "deliveryNotes": "The class-of-2032 rule may be met through a half-unit personal finance course or a full-unit course with at least half of its standards in financial literacy. Current CCR policy requires one CCR unit but permits several approved substitute courses; MDE implementation updates for SB 2294 were still forthcoming at review.", "sourceIds": [ "ms-sb2294", "ms-legislative-summary", "ms-accountability", "ms-ccr-curriculum" ] }, "standardsDocument": { "title": "Mississippi College and Career Readiness Course Curriculum (2025)", "adoptingAuthority": "Mississippi State Board of Education", "adoptionDate": "2025-04-17", "effectiveDate": null, "officialUrl": "https://mdek12.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/29/2025/02/Tab-E-College-and-Career-Readiness-course-item-and-back-up.pdf", "sourceId": "ms-ccr-curriculum" }, "narrative": [ { "text": "Mississippi's current diploma framework requires one Carnegie unit of College and Career Readiness for students who entered grade 9 in 2018-19 or later. Unit 6 of the current CCR curriculum is Financial Literacy, but current MDE guidance lists five approved substitute routes for the CCR credit. Because those substitutes are not stated to reproduce Unit 6, the existing CCR rule alone is not represented as a universal personal-finance course mandate.", "sourceIds": [ "ms-accountability", "ms-ccr-curriculum", "ms-ccr-page", "ms-financial-brief" ] }, { "text": "Senate Bill 2294 created a clearer future requirement. Beginning with the class of 2032, every student must pass either a half-unit personal finance course or a full-unit course where at least half of the standards concern financial literacy. Because the second option is integrated, the law does not mandate a stand-alone course for every student.", "sourceIds": [ "ms-sb2294", "ms-legislative-summary" ] }, { "text": "The same 2026 law phases financial literacy into grades 6-8 beginning in 2027-28 and applies to all schools accredited by MDE, including public charter schools. Its high-school topic list covers financial decisions, income and taxes, budgeting and cash flow, financial services and credit, postsecondary financing, and consumer protection.", "sourceIds": [ "ms-sb2294" ] }, { "text": "MDE was still preparing accountability-standard updates related to SB 2294 during this review. That future administrative work may add course codes and operational detail, but it does not make the enacted class-of-2032 requirement or its two statutory credit pathways uncertain.", "sourceIds": [ "ms-counselor-update", "ms-sb2294", "ms-legislative-summary" ] } ], "domains": [ { "name": "Current CCR Unit 6 financial literacy competencies", "summary": "The current College and Career Readiness curriculum organizes Financial Literacy into five competency areas.", "standards": [ { "code": "CCR.FL.a", "title": "Income and compensation", "description": "Compare sources of personal income and compensation and analyze factors that affect net income, including benefits, career choices, cost of living, payroll deductions, taxes, and employment forms.", "gradeOrCourse": "College and Career Readiness, Unit 6", "sourceId": "ms-ccr-curriculum", "sourcePage": "Curriculum pages 14-15" }, { "code": "CCR.FL.b", "title": "Spending and saving decisions", "description": "Apply reliable information and systematic decision-making to spending and saving goals, consumer choices, inflation, marketing, housing, budgeting, and emergencies.", "gradeOrCourse": "College and Career Readiness, Unit 6", "sourceId": "ms-ccr-curriculum", "sourcePage": "Curriculum page 15" }, { "code": "CCR.FL.c", "title": "Financial institutions", "description": "Analyze the purpose and functions of financial institutions, account features, transaction methods, account reconciliation, bill payment, and barriers faced by unbanked consumers.", "gradeOrCourse": "College and Career Readiness, Unit 6", "sourceId": "ms-ccr-curriculum", "sourcePage": "Curriculum pages 15-16" }, { "code": "CCR.FL.d", "title": "Credit and debt", "description": "Develop strategies to control and manage credit and debt, including cards, statements, credit reports and scores, payday loans, compound interest, student loans, and vehicle financing.", "gradeOrCourse": "College and Career Readiness, Unit 6", "sourceId": "ms-ccr-curriculum", "sourcePage": "Curriculum page 16" }, { "code": "CCR.FL.e", "title": "Investing and wealth", "description": "Explain how saving, investing, retirement income, employer plans, compound interest, and the time value of money help build wealth and meet financial goals.", "gradeOrCourse": "College and Career Readiness, Unit 6", "sourceId": "ms-ccr-curriculum", "sourcePage": "Curriculum pages 16-17" } ] }, { "name": "Enacted high-school financial literacy program topics", "summary": "SB 2294 identifies these six topics for grades 9-12 in addition to financial-literacy standards administratively required in CCR.", "standards": [ { "code": "SB2294 §27(rr)(i)", "title": "Financial decision-making", "description": "Teach students to make and evaluate personal financial decisions.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12; class-of-2032 course pathways", "sourceId": "ms-sb2294", "sourcePage": "Bill page 71, lines 1753-1755" }, { "code": "SB2294 §27(rr)(ii)", "title": "Income and taxes", "description": "Cover earning income, tax obligations, and withholding.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12; class-of-2032 course pathways", "sourceId": "ms-sb2294", "sourcePage": "Bill page 71, lines 1755-1757" }, { "code": "SB2294 §27(rr)(iii)", "title": "Budgeting and cash flow", "description": "Cover personal budgeting, saving, spending, and cash-flow management.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12; class-of-2032 course pathways", "sourceId": "ms-sb2294", "sourcePage": "Bill page 71, lines 1757-1759" }, { "code": "SB2294 §27(rr)(iv)", "title": "Financial services and credit", "description": "Cover financial services, types and uses of credit, credit reports, and interest calculations.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12; class-of-2032 course pathways", "sourceId": "ms-sb2294", "sourcePage": "Bill page 71, lines 1759-1761" }, { "code": "SB2294 §27(rr)(v)", "title": "Postsecondary financing", "description": "Cover education loans, repayment, and cost-benefit analysis tied to expected employment.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12; class-of-2032 course pathways", "sourceId": "ms-sb2294", "sourcePage": "Bill page 71, lines 1761-1764" }, { "code": "SB2294 §27(rr)(vi)", "title": "Consumer protection", "description": "Cover consumer rights, identity protection, and fraud avoidance.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12; class-of-2032 course pathways", "sourceId": "ms-sb2294", "sourcePage": "Bill page 71, lines 1764-1766" } ] } ], "policyTimeline": [ { "date": "2018-19 entering cohort", "event": "Mississippi's 24-unit diploma framework began requiring one College and Career Readiness unit, whose curriculum includes Financial Literacy.", "sourceId": "ms-accountability" }, { "date": "2025-04-17", "event": "The State Board gave final approval to the 2025 revision of the current College and Career Readiness curriculum; its financial-literacy Unit 6 remains part of the course.", "sourceId": "ms-ccr-board" }, { "date": "2026-04-08", "event": "The Governor signed SB 2294, enacting the J.P. Wilemon, Jr., Financial Literacy Act.", "sourceId": "ms-legislative-summary" }, { "date": "2026-07-01", "event": "SB 2294 took effect.", "sourceId": "ms-sb2294" }, { "date": "2027-28", "event": "Financial literacy components must be incorporated into grades 6-8 curricula.", "sourceId": "ms-sb2294" }, { "date": "Class of 2032", "event": "The half-unit personal finance or qualifying full-unit course graduation requirement begins.", "sourceId": "ms-sb2294" } ], "lawsAndRules": [ { "identifier": "SB 2294 (2026), Sections 25-28 and 32", "title": "J.P. Wilemon, Jr., Financial Literacy Act", "summary": "Phases financial literacy into grades 6-8 and requires the class of 2032 and later to pass either a half-unit personal finance course or a qualifying full-unit course.", "officialUrl": "https://billstatus.ls.state.ms.us/documents/2026/html/SB/2200-2299/SB2294SG.htm", "effectiveDate": "2026-07-01", "sourceId": "ms-sb2294" }, { "identifier": "Mississippi Public School Accountability Standards, Appendix A-6", "title": "Traditional Diploma Graduation Requirements", "summary": "Requires one College and Career Readiness unit for the entering 2018-19 cohort and later and lists approved substitutions and scheduling options.", "officialUrl": "https://mdek12.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/5/2025/08/Accountability-Resource-Binder_v2.pdf", "effectiveDate": "2018-19", "sourceId": "ms-accountability" } ], "educatorNotes": [ { "text": "For the class of 2032 and later, plan either a half-unit personal finance course or a full-unit course in which at least half of the standards concern financial literacy.", "sourceIds": [ "ms-sb2294" ] }, { "text": "Monitor forthcoming MDE accountability and course-code updates before assigning a current CCR substitute as the future SB 2294 compliance pathway.", "sourceIds": [ "ms-counselor-update", "ms-accountability" ] } ], "sources": [ { "id": "ms-sb2294", "title": "Senate Bill 2294, As Sent to Governor", "authority": "Mississippi Legislature", "url": "https://billstatus.ls.state.ms.us/documents/2026/html/SB/2200-2299/SB2294SG.htm", "sourceType": "bill", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Sections 25-28 and 32; bill pages 33-36 and 70-72", "supports": [ "class of 2032", "credit pathways", "grades 6-8", "required topics", "July 1 2026 effective date" ], "excerpt": "Beginning with the graduating class of 2032, each student ... shall take and pass a one-half Carnegie Unit course in personal finance or a full Carnegie Unit course where at least one-half of the course standards concern financial literacy." }, { "id": "ms-legislative-summary", "title": "2026 Regular Session Summary of General and Local Legislation", "authority": "Mississippi Legislature", "url": "https://www.legislature.ms.gov/media/1368/26-summary.pdf", "sourceType": "other", "publicationDate": "2026", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "SB 2294 enactment summary", "supports": [ "enactment", "governor approval", "effective date", "financial literacy act" ], "excerpt": "SB 2294 ... J.P. Wilemon, Jr., Financial Literacy Act ... effective July 1, 2026." }, { "id": "ms-accountability", "title": "Mississippi Public School Accountability Standards, 2025 — Accountability Resource Binder", "authority": "Mississippi State Board of Education", "url": "https://mdek12.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/5/2025/08/Accountability-Resource-Binder_v2.pdf", "sourceType": "regulation", "publicationDate": "2025", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Appendix A-6, Traditional Diploma and note 11", "supports": [ "current CCR credit", "entering 2018-19 cohort", "approved substitutions", "course sequences" ], "excerpt": "Beginning school year 2018-2019 and thereafter, all entering ninth graders will be required to have a minimum of 24 Carnegie units ... College- and Career-Readiness 1." }, { "id": "ms-ccr-curriculum", "title": "Mississippi College and Career Readiness Course Curriculum", "authority": "Mississippi Department of Education and Mississippi State Board of Education", "url": "https://mdek12.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/29/2025/02/Tab-E-College-and-Career-Readiness-course-item-and-back-up.pdf", "sourceType": "standards", "publicationDate": "2025", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Unit 6: Financial Literacy, curriculum pages 14-17", "supports": [ "current financial literacy competencies", "income", "budgeting", "banking", "credit", "investing", "2025 curriculum version" ], "excerpt": "Unit 6: Financial Literacy." }, { "id": "ms-ccr-board", "title": "Mississippi Board of Education April 17, 2025 Agenda and Final Action", "authority": "Mississippi Board of Education", "url": "https://mdek12.org/mbe/april-17-2025-board-agenda/", "sourceType": "board_action", "publicationDate": "2025-04-17", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Consent agenda item 5.E", "supports": [ "final Board approval", "current CCR revision", "Administrative Procedures Act completion" ], "excerpt": "Approval to revise Unit 8: Digital Literacy and Citizenship of the College- and Career-Readiness course." }, { "id": "ms-ccr-page", "title": "College and Career Readiness", "authority": "Mississippi Department of Education", "url": "https://www.mdek12.org/secondaryeducation/college-and-career-readiness/", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Resources; Approved CCR Course Substitutions and Course Sequencing", "supports": [ "current 2025 standards", "approved substitutes", "course sequencing", "teacher licensure" ], "excerpt": "The following courses are approved substitutions for the CCR course." }, { "id": "ms-financial-brief", "title": "Financial Literacy Requirements for Mississippi Students", "authority": "Mississippi Department of Education", "url": "https://mdek12.org/sites/default/files/documents/Secondary%20Ed/financial_literacy_brief_may_2022.pdf", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2022-05-10", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "PDF page 1, Requirements for Mississippi Students", "supports": [ "CCR embedding", "2018-19 cohort", "one-semester financial literacy description" ], "excerpt": "Beginning with cohort class of 2018-2019, the MDE implemented new graduation requirements which included ... the College and Career Readiness (CCR) class." }, { "id": "ms-counselor-update", "title": "High school counselors can register for fall 2026 regional trainings", "authority": "Mississippi Department of Education", "url": "https://msachieves.mdek12.org/high-school-counselors-can-register-for-fall-2026-regional-trainings/", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2026-09-14", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Training topics", "supports": [ "SB 2294 implementation pending", "accountability standards updates" ], "excerpt": "Upcoming updates to Accountability Standards related to SB 2294 (Personal Finance, Civics, and Computer Science)." } ], "faq": [ { "question": "Does Mississippi require financial literacy to graduate?", "answer": "Yes, beginning with the class of 2032. Students must pass either a half-unit personal finance course or a full-unit course with at least half of its standards in financial literacy.", "sourceIds": [ "ms-sb2294", "ms-legislative-summary" ] }, { "question": "Does Mississippi require a stand-alone personal finance course?", "answer": "No. A stand-alone half-unit course is one option, but a full-unit course qualifies when at least half of its standards concern financial literacy.", "sourceIds": [ "ms-sb2294" ] }, { "question": "When does Mississippi's new requirement begin?", "answer": "Middle-grade integration begins in 2027-28, and the high school course-completion rule first applies to the graduating class of 2032.", "sourceIds": [ "ms-sb2294" ] }, { "question": "Is financial literacy already taught in Mississippi's CCR course?", "answer": "Yes. Financial Literacy is Unit 6 of the current College and Career Readiness curriculum. Current diploma policy, however, also permits approved substitutes for the CCR credit.", "sourceIds": [ "ms-ccr-curriculum", "ms-accountability" ] }, { "question": "What topics will Mississippi financial literacy courses cover?", "answer": "The enacted law names financial decisions, income and taxes, budgeting and cash flow, credit and financial services, postsecondary financing, and consumer rights and fraud protection.", "sourceIds": [ "ms-sb2294" ] } ], "relatedStates": [ "arkansas", "tennessee" ] }, { "name": "Missouri", "abbreviation": "MO", "slug": "missouri", "jurisdictionType": "state", "lastReviewed": "2026-09-20", "researchStatus": "verified", "indexable": true, "seo": { "title": "Missouri Personal Finance Standards & Requirements", "description": "Learn how Missouri's half-credit personal finance graduation requirement works, the three completion pathways, assessment rules, and official course expectations.", "socialImage": "/icon-512.png" }, "summary": "Missouri requires public high school students to earn one-half unit of personal finance for graduation. The requirement has applied since the graduating Class of 2010. It does not require every student to take a stand-alone class: districts may offer a dedicated course, embed the state personal finance expectations in other coursework, or allow a student to test out by scoring at least 90 percent on the state personal finance assessment. Students receiving embedded instruction must take the assessment, while students in a stand-alone course are not required by the state to take it.", "summarySourceIds": [ "mo-rule", "mo-graduation", "mo-social-studies", "mo-eoc" ], "requirement": { "overallStatuses": [ "graduation_requirement", "integrated_requirement" ], "standaloneCourseRequired": false, "graduationRequirement": true, "creditRequirement": "0.5 unit of personal finance", "gradeLevels": [ "Grades 9-12; DESE recommends completion after grade 9" ], "effectiveDate": "2006-01-30", "effectiveSchoolYear": "Class of 2010 and later", "firstGraduatingClass": "2010", "assessmentRequired": null, "responsibleAgency": "Missouri Department of Elementary and Secondary Education", "deliveryNotes": "Districts may award the half-unit through a stand-alone course, coursework that embeds all personal finance expectations, or a test-out score of at least 90 percent. The state assessment is required for embedded-course and test-out pathways but optional for a stand-alone course. Districts set the passing score for students in embedded coursework. Local boards must address disability accommodations and may authorize variances or substitutions only through officially adopted, consistently applied policies.", "sourceIds": [ "mo-rule", "mo-graduation", "mo-social-studies", "mo-eoc" ] }, "standardsDocument": { "title": "Missouri Personal Finance Course Level Expectations, Grades 9-12", "adoptingAuthority": "Missouri State Board of Education", "adoptionDate": "2017-09", "effectiveDate": "2019-20", "officialUrl": "https://dese.mo.gov/sites/g/files/zuston521/files/media/pdf/2020/06/curr-mls-personal-finance-cle-sboe.pdf", "sourceId": "mo-standards" }, "narrative": [ { "text": "Missouri's statewide graduation rule requires 24 units, including one-half unit of personal finance. DESE says the State Board adopted the requirement in 2005 and applied it beginning with the Class of 2010. Local boards may impose additional requirements, must provide nondiscriminatory credit opportunities for students with disabilities, and may authorize variances or substitutions only through officially adopted, consistently applied policies.", "sourceIds": [ "mo-rule", "mo-graduation" ] }, { "text": "Students do not all have to enroll in a course titled Personal Finance. A district may teach all state course-level expectations in a stand-alone course or embed them in other coursework. Missouri also permits a test-out route for students who score 90 percent or higher on the state personal finance assessment.", "sourceIds": [ "mo-social-studies", "mo-eoc" ] }, { "text": "Assessment rules depend on the delivery route. The state assessment is required when the expectations are embedded in another course, and the district decides the passing score. It is also required for test-out, where 90 percent is the statewide threshold. For a stand-alone personal finance course, taking the state assessment is optional.", "sourceIds": [ "mo-social-studies", "mo-eoc" ] }, { "text": "Missouri's 2017 Personal Finance Course Level Expectations organize the required learning into seven domains: financial decision-making, earning income, buying goods and services, saving, using credit, protecting and insuring, and financial investing. The standards were scheduled for implementation in the 2019-20 school year.", "sourceIds": [ "mo-standards", "mo-social-studies" ] } ], "domains": [ { "name": "Financial decision-making", "summary": "Students apply choice, rational decision-making, future consequences, opportunity cost, and unintended consequences to personal financial decisions.", "standards": [ { "code": "I.1.A-B", "title": "Unlimited wants and limited resources", "description": "Evaluate the role of choice and apply a rational decision-making process to satisfy wants.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 personal finance", "sourceId": "mo-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 2" }, { "code": "I.2.A-C", "title": "Choice and decision-making", "description": "Explain how present choices create future consequences, opportunity costs, and possible unintended results.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 personal finance", "sourceId": "mo-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 2" } ] }, { "name": "Earning income", "summary": "Students connect career preparation, labor markets, compensation, taxes, and deductions to income.", "standards": [ { "code": "II.1.A-E", "title": "Career choices and consequences", "description": "Evaluate how careers affect income and quality of life; connect education and skills to earning potential; explain labor-market wages, changing economic conditions, and entrepreneurial opportunity.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 personal finance", "sourceId": "mo-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" }, { "code": "II.2.A-C", "title": "Forms of compensation", "description": "Examine wages, salaries, commissions, employee benefits, and nonwage income including rent, interest, gifts, dividends, profits, and capital gains.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 personal finance", "sourceId": "mo-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" }, { "code": "II.3.A-C", "title": "Taxes and other deductions", "description": "Compare gross and net income, explain common payroll deductions, and explain how taxes support public goods and services.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 personal finance", "sourceId": "mo-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" } ] }, { "name": "Buying goods and services", "summary": "Students create budgets, make major purchases, compare substitutes, and evaluate financial institutions.", "standards": [ { "code": "III.1.A-E", "title": "Creating a budget", "description": "Differentiate income and expenses, analyze spending and saving patterns, build a budget with savings and emergency funds, consider charitable giving, and prioritize expenses and due dates.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 personal finance", "sourceId": "mo-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "III.2.A-E", "title": "Purchasing high-value items", "description": "Research major purchases; compare price, quality, service, and features; respond to deceptive sales; identify payment methods; and compare their costs and benefits.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 personal finance", "sourceId": "mo-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "III.3.A-B", "title": "Considering alternative goods and services", "description": "Evaluate substitutes when an item exceeds the budget and compare features, durability, and maintenance costs.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 personal finance", "sourceId": "mo-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "III.4.A-D", "title": "Selecting financial institutions", "description": "Compare institutions, fees, and requirements; calculate account balances; assess the costs and benefits of formal institutions and virtual exchanges; and explain deposit protections.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 personal finance", "sourceId": "mo-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 5" } ] }, { "name": "Saving", "summary": "Students plan for goals, apply interest and time-value concepts, and compare saving instruments.", "standards": [ { "code": "IV.1.A-D", "title": "Reasons for saving", "description": "Identify short-, medium-, and long-term goals, develop a savings plan, plan for emergencies, and compare retirement savings choices.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 personal finance", "sourceId": "mo-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" }, { "code": "IV.2.A-C", "title": "Interest on savings", "description": "Compare simple and compound interest, apply the Rule of 72, and explain how the time value of money affects decisions.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 personal finance", "sourceId": "mo-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" }, { "code": "IV.3.A-B", "title": "Saving instruments", "description": "Identify savings accounts and certificates of deposit and compare their liquidity, interest, and penalties.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 personal finance", "sourceId": "mo-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" } ] }, { "name": "Using credit", "summary": "Students compare credit products, calculate borrowing costs, evaluate creditworthiness, and apply consumer protections.", "standards": [ { "code": "V.1.A-E", "title": "Facets of credit", "description": "Distinguish credit from debit, compare consumer-credit sources, evaluate higher-education financing, analyze loan terms, and explain mortgages.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 personal finance", "sourceId": "mo-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 7" }, { "code": "V.2.A-D", "title": "Interest on credit", "description": "Compare APRs and fees, calculate total purchase price, connect risk and creditworthiness to interest, and distinguish secured from unsecured loans.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 personal finance", "sourceId": "mo-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 7" }, { "code": "V.3.A-H", "title": "Creditworthiness", "description": "Evaluate payment history, credit reports, correction strategies, nonlending uses of scores, report accuracy, annual review, consumer laws, and borrower responsibilities.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 personal finance", "sourceId": "mo-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 8" } ] }, { "name": "Protecting and insuring", "summary": "Students assess financial risks, insurance choices, identity protection, and cybersecurity.", "standards": [ { "code": "VI.1.A-E", "title": "Protecting against financial risk", "description": "Analyze risks to health, property, wealth, and opportunity; explain policies and premiums; choose coverage; connect behavior to cost; and evaluate health-insurance options.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 personal finance", "sourceId": "mo-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 9" }, { "code": "VI.2.A-C", "title": "Protecting personal identity", "description": "Analyze legal remedies for identity theft, protect personal information online, and use current approaches to counter cyberattacks.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 personal finance", "sourceId": "mo-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 9" } ] }, { "name": "Financial investing", "summary": "Students compare investments and connect risk, return, markets, time horizon, and diversification.", "standards": [ { "code": "VII.1.A-C", "title": "Investment instruments", "description": "Compare major asset classes and their risk and rewards, explain stock returns and ownership, and explain how markets establish asset prices.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 personal finance", "sourceId": "mo-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 10" }, { "code": "VII.2.A-E", "title": "Risk and reward", "description": "Connect risk to expected return, explain market influences, compare speculative and longer-term choices, and explain how diversification can reduce risk.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 personal finance", "sourceId": "mo-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 10" } ] } ], "policyTimeline": [ { "date": "2005", "event": "The State Board adopted the half-unit personal finance graduation requirement.", "sourceId": "mo-graduation" }, { "date": "2006-01-30", "event": "The graduation-requirements rule became effective.", "sourceId": "mo-rule" }, { "date": "2010", "event": "The personal finance graduation requirement first applied to the Class of 2010.", "sourceId": "mo-graduation" }, { "date": "2017-09", "event": "The State Board approved the current Personal Finance Course Level Expectations.", "sourceId": "mo-social-studies" }, { "date": "2019-20", "event": "District implementation of the 2017 expectations began.", "sourceId": "mo-social-studies" } ], "lawsAndRules": [ { "identifier": "5 CSR 20-100.190", "title": "Graduation Requirements for Students in Public High Schools", "summary": "Requires at least 24 units for graduation, including one-half unit of personal finance, while allowing local boards to add requirements and establish official substitution or exception policies.", "officialUrl": "https://www.sos.mo.gov/cmsimages/adrules/csr/current/5csr/5c20-100.pdf", "effectiveDate": "2006-01-30", "sourceId": "mo-rule" } ], "educatorNotes": [ { "text": "For embedded delivery, include all Missouri Personal Finance Course Level Expectations and administer the state assessment. The local district determines the passing score for this pathway.", "sourceIds": [ "mo-social-studies", "mo-eoc", "mo-standards" ] }, { "text": "For test-out, administer the state personal finance assessment and award the half-unit only when the student scores at least 90 percent.", "sourceIds": [ "mo-social-studies", "mo-eoc" ] }, { "text": "For a stand-alone course, the state assessment is optional. DESE says districts determine course grade level and recommends that students complete personal finance after grade 9.", "sourceIds": [ "mo-eoc" ] }, { "text": "Apply the district's formally adopted graduation policies when considering disability accommodations, variances, or substitutions. The state rule requires nondiscriminatory opportunities to earn credit and fair, consistent application of any local alternative.", "sourceIds": [ "mo-rule" ] } ], "sources": [ { "id": "mo-rule", "title": "5 CSR 20-100.190: Graduation Requirements for Students in Public High Schools", "authority": "Missouri Secretary of State", "url": "https://www.sos.mo.gov/cmsimages/adrules/csr/current/5csr/5c20-100.pdf", "sourceType": "regulation", "publicationDate": "2024-10-31", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "PDF page 16, sections (1)-(5) and authority note", "supports": [ "24-unit graduation minimum", "0.5 personal finance unit", "local additional requirements", "disability accommodations", "local variances and substitutions", "effective date" ], "excerpt": "The program of study will include a minimum of ... one-half (1/2) unit of personal finance." }, { "id": "mo-graduation", "title": "Graduation Requirements: How Many Credits Does a Student Need to Graduate?", "authority": "Missouri Department of Elementary and Secondary Education", "url": "https://dese.mo.gov/graduation-requirements-how-many-credits-does-student-need-graduate", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Personal Finance requirement and implementation statement", "supports": [ "2005 adoption", "Class of 2010", "0.5 unit", "24-credit framework" ], "excerpt": "The State Board of Education established a requirement in 2005 that all students receive 1/2 credit in Personal Finance beginning with the class of 2010." }, { "id": "mo-social-studies", "title": "Social Studies and Personal Finance", "authority": "Missouri Department of Elementary and Secondary Education", "url": "https://dese.mo.gov/college-career-readiness/curriculum/social-studies", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Personal Finance section; Missouri Learning Standards; assessment pathways", "supports": [ "2017 standards approval", "2019-20 implementation", "0.5 credit", "embedded assessment", "test-out threshold", "stand-alone assessment option" ], "excerpt": "Students who are receiving personal finance embedded coursework: The online assessment is REQUIRED." }, { "id": "mo-eoc", "title": "End-of-Course Assessments: Personal Finance", "authority": "Missouri Department of Elementary and Secondary Education", "url": "https://dese.mo.gov/quality-schools/assessment/end-course", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Personal Finance assessment section and FAQ", "supports": [ "three completion pathways", "assessment rules", "90 percent test-out", "local passing score", "recommended timing", "assessment accommodations", "credit placement" ], "excerpt": "Students who wish to test out of the course must take the Personal Finance Assessment and receive a score of 90% or better." }, { "id": "mo-standards", "title": "Personal Finance Course Level Expectations, Grades 9-12", "authority": "Missouri Department of Elementary and Secondary Education", "url": "https://dese.mo.gov/sites/g/files/zuston521/files/media/pdf/2020/06/curr-mls-personal-finance-cle-sboe.pdf", "sourceType": "standards", "publicationDate": "2017", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "PDF pages 2-10, domains I-VII and all concept expectations", "supports": [ "complete course expectations", "seven domains", "grades 9-12" ], "excerpt": "Personal Finance Course Level Expectations, Grades 9-12" } ], "faq": [ { "question": "Does Missouri require personal finance to graduate?", "answer": "Yes. Missouri requires one-half unit of personal finance within the 24-unit public high school graduation minimum.", "sourceIds": [ "mo-rule", "mo-graduation" ] }, { "question": "Does Missouri require a stand-alone personal finance course?", "answer": "No. A stand-alone course is one option, but districts may embed all personal finance expectations in other coursework or allow a student to test out with a score of at least 90 percent.", "sourceIds": [ "mo-social-studies", "mo-eoc" ] }, { "question": "Who must take Missouri's personal finance assessment?", "answer": "Students receiving embedded instruction must take it, with the district setting the passing score. Students testing out must score at least 90 percent. The assessment is optional for students completing a stand-alone course.", "sourceIds": [ "mo-social-studies", "mo-eoc" ] }, { "question": "When did Missouri's financial literacy requirement begin?", "answer": "The State Board adopted the requirement in 2005, and it first applied to the graduating Class of 2010.", "sourceIds": [ "mo-graduation" ] }, { "question": "What do Missouri's personal finance standards cover?", "answer": "The seven domains cover financial decision-making, income, spending, saving, credit, insurance and identity protection, and investing.", "sourceIds": [ "mo-standards" ] } ], "relatedStates": [] }, { "name": "Montana", "abbreviation": "MT", "slug": "montana", "jurisdictionType": "state", "lastReviewed": "2026-09-20", "researchStatus": "verified", "indexable": true, "seo": { "title": "Montana Personal Finance Standards & Requirements", "description": "Montana generally requires the class of 2026 and later to earn a half unit of economics or financial literacy, with an approved one-year Billings variance. Review official sources.", "socialImage": "/icon-512.png" }, "summary": "Montana generally requires students in the graduating class of 2026 and later to complete one-half unit of economics or financial literacy. The half unit must fit within the required social studies, mathematics, or career and technical education units, and aligned equivalent courses are permitted. The Board approved a one-year variance delaying the requirement to the class of 2027 for Billings Public Schools. Because economics and equivalent courses can satisfy the rule, Montana does not impose a universal stand-alone personal finance course requirement.", "summarySourceIds": [ "mt-rule", "mt-effective-date", "mt-bpe-minutes", "mt-billings-variance" ], "requirement": { "overallStatuses": [ "graduation_requirement", "integrated_requirement" ], "standaloneCourseRequired": false, "graduationRequirement": true, "creditRequirement": "0.5 unit of economics or financial literacy", "gradeLevels": [ "High school" ], "effectiveDate": "2025-07-01", "effectiveSchoolYear": "Class of 2026 statewide; Class of 2027 in Billings under an approved one-year variance", "firstGraduatingClass": "2026 statewide; 2027 in Billings under an approved variance", "assessmentRequired": true, "responsibleAgency": "Montana Office of Public Instruction", "deliveryNotes": "The half unit may be completed within the required social studies, mathematics, or career and technical education units. An equivalent course may satisfy the rule if it meets locally adopted curriculum and assessment requirements aligned to Montana content standards. Economics is an alternative to financial literacy. The Board approved Billings Public Schools' one-year variance through the class of 2026, making class of 2027 the district's first covered class.", "sourceIds": [ "mt-rule", "mt-effective-date", "mt-opi", "mt-crosswalk", "mt-bpe-minutes", "mt-billings-variance" ] }, "standardsDocument": { "title": "Montana Content Standards for Social Studies for K-12", "adoptingAuthority": "Montana Board of Public Education", "adoptionDate": "2020-11-05", "effectiveDate": "2021-07-01", "officialUrl": "https://opifiles.mt.gov/portals/182/Page%20Files/K-12%20Content%20Standards%20%26%20Revision/Social%20Studies/SIPL_CSI_Standards%20Revision_Social%20Studies_Montana%20K-12%20Content%20Standards%20for%20Social%20Studies_2021.04.05.pdf", "sourceId": "mt-social-studies" }, "narrative": [ { "text": "Montana's financial literacy graduation rule took effect July 1, 2025 and first applies to the graduating class of 2026. It adds one-half unit of economics or financial literacy within the state's existing 20-unit minimum rather than adding a separate credit above that total.", "sourceIds": [ "mt-rule", "mt-effective-date", "mt-opi" ] }, { "text": "The requirement is flexible. The half unit may count within social studies, mathematics, or career and technical education, and a locally approved equivalent course can satisfy the requirement when it meets the district's curriculum and assessment rules aligned to state content standards.", "sourceIds": [ "mt-rule", "mt-chapter55-report" ] }, { "text": "Montana does not have one stand-alone set of adopted high school personal finance standards. OPI instead publishes a multidisciplinary crosswalk that organizes relevant standards around six financial literacy themes and provides eligible financial literacy and economics course codes. The social studies standards also require students to explain how economic cycles affect personal financial decisions.", "sourceIds": [ "mt-opi", "mt-crosswalk", "mt-social-studies" ] }, { "text": "House Bill 535, enacted in 2023, added financial literacy instruction to Montana's legislative goals. The graduation requirement itself comes from Board of Public Education Rule 10.55.905, so the statute and rule should not be treated as interchangeable.", "sourceIds": [ "mt-hb535", "mt-rule" ] }, { "text": "The statewide rule begins with the class of 2026, but the Board of Public Education approved Billings Public Schools' initial one-year variance in November 2025. The district's application delays ARM 10.55.905(2)(h) to the class of 2027, so the statewide first-class label has a documented local exception.", "sourceIds": [ "mt-bpe-minutes", "mt-billings-variance" ] } ], "domains": [ { "name": "Montana's six financial literacy themes", "summary": "OPI's grades 9-12 multidisciplinary crosswalk uses six themes to organize economics and financial literacy standards across content areas.", "standards": [ { "code": "Theme I", "title": "Earning Income: examine wage and nonwage income, employee benefits,…", "description": "Earning Income: examine wage and nonwage income, employee benefits, education and training decisions, career potential, opportunity cost, and taxes that reduce gross income.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 multidisciplinary crosswalk", "sourceId": "mt-crosswalk", "sourcePage": "Summary of Themes, rows 6-11" }, { "code": "Theme II", "title": "Spending: use budgets to allocate spendable income and evaluate price,…", "description": "Spending: use budgets to allocate spendable income and evaluate price, quality, product information, payment methods, personal preferences, needs, peers, and advertising.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 multidisciplinary crosswalk", "sourceId": "mt-crosswalk", "sourcePage": "Summary of Themes, rows 6-11" }, { "code": "Theme III", "title": "Saving: connect saving decisions to goals and circumstances and compare…", "description": "Saving: connect saving decisions to goals and circumstances and compare insured transaction accounts, interest rates, fees, access, risk, and compound interest.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 multidisciplinary crosswalk", "sourceId": "mt-crosswalk", "sourcePage": "Summary of Themes, rows 6-11" }, { "code": "Theme IV", "title": "Investing: evaluate financial assets, long-term goals, compound growth,…", "description": "Investing: evaluate financial assets, long-term goals, compound growth, expected return, risk tolerance, diversification, and the relationship between risk and return.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 multidisciplinary crosswalk", "sourceId": "mt-crosswalk", "sourcePage": "Summary of Themes, rows 6-11" }, { "code": "Theme V", "title": "Managing Credit: evaluate borrowing choices, interest and fees,…", "description": "Managing Credit: evaluate borrowing choices, interest and fees, creditworthiness, credit reports and scores, common loan types, and ways to finance postsecondary education.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 multidisciplinary crosswalk", "sourceId": "mt-crosswalk", "sourcePage": "Summary of Themes, rows 6-11" }, { "code": "Theme VI", "title": "Managing Risk: identify risks to income, property, health, life, and…", "description": "Managing Risk: identify risks to income, property, health, life, and identity and evaluate risk reduction, insurance, premiums, expected losses, and identity-theft prevention.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 multidisciplinary crosswalk", "sourceId": "mt-crosswalk", "sourcePage": "Summary of Themes, rows 6-11" } ] }, { "name": "High school economics standard connected to personal finance", "summary": "Montana's adopted social studies standards include a direct expectation about economic cycles and personal financial decisions.", "standards": [ { "code": "SS.E.9-12.2", "title": "Explain how economic cycles affect personal financial decisions", "description": "Explain how economic cycles affect personal financial decisions.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 economics", "sourceId": "mt-social-studies", "sourcePage": "PDF page 15" } ] } ], "policyTimeline": [ { "date": "2020-11-05", "event": "The Board of Public Education approved the current social studies standards, including the high school economics standard on personal financial decisions.", "sourceId": "mt-opi" }, { "date": "2021-07-01", "event": "The current social studies standards became effective.", "sourceId": "mt-social-studies" }, { "date": "2023-04-12", "event": "The Board of Public Education voted to delay the new graduation requirement to July 1, 2025, making the class of 2026 the first covered class.", "sourceId": "mt-effective-date" }, { "date": "2023", "event": "House Bill 535 added support for financial literacy instruction to Montana's legislative goals for public schools.", "sourceId": "mt-hb535" }, { "date": "2025-07-01", "event": "The half-unit economics or financial literacy graduation requirement took effect.", "sourceId": "mt-rule" }, { "date": "2026", "event": "The first graduating class is required to satisfy the half-unit rule.", "sourceId": "mt-effective-date" }, { "date": "2025-11", "event": "The Board approved Billings Public Schools' one-year variance, delaying that district's implementation to the class of 2027.", "sourceId": "mt-bpe-minutes" } ], "lawsAndRules": [ { "identifier": "ARM 10.55.905(2)(h)", "title": "Graduation Requirements", "summary": "Requires one-half unit of economics or financial literacy within the required social studies, mathematics, or career and technical education units and permits equivalent courses aligned to local curriculum and assessment requirements.", "officialUrl": "https://rules.mt.gov/gateway/RuleNo.asp?RN=10.55.905", "effectiveDate": "2025-07-01", "sourceId": "mt-rule" }, { "identifier": "MCA § 20-1-102(9)", "title": "Legislative goals for public elementary and secondary schools", "summary": "States a legislative goal of supporting financial literacy instruction so students obtain the knowledge and skills required to succeed financially.", "officialUrl": "https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0200/chapter_0010/part_0010/section_0020/0200-0010-0010-0020.html", "effectiveDate": "2023", "sourceId": "mt-hb535" } ], "educatorNotes": [ { "text": "Schedule the half unit within social studies, mathematics, or CTE and document how the course or equivalent learning experience meets local curriculum and assessment requirements aligned to state standards.", "sourceIds": [ "mt-rule", "mt-chapter55-report" ] }, { "text": "Do not describe Montana as requiring a stand-alone personal finance course. Economics is expressly permitted, and OPI identifies multiple eligible subject areas and course codes.", "sourceIds": [ "mt-rule", "mt-opi" ] }, { "text": "Use the OPI multidisciplinary crosswalk to identify the relevant standards for the locally selected delivery path.", "sourceIds": [ "mt-crosswalk", "mt-opi" ] }, { "text": "Apply the class-of-2027 start only to Billings Public Schools under the approved one-year variance; the statewide rule otherwise begins with the class of 2026.", "sourceIds": [ "mt-bpe-minutes", "mt-billings-variance" ] } ], "sources": [ { "id": "mt-rule", "title": "ARM 10.55.905: Graduation Requirements", "authority": "Montana Board of Public Education", "url": "https://rules.mt.gov/gateway/RuleNo.asp?RN=10.55.905", "sourceType": "regulation", "publicationDate": "2023", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Subsections (1), (2), and (2)(h), effective July 1, 2025", "supports": [ "half-unit requirement", "graduation requirement", "20-unit minimum", "eligible subject areas", "equivalent courses", "local assessment" ], "excerpt": "1/2 unit of economics or financial literacy within the 2 units of social studies, the 2 units of mathematics, or the 1 unit of career and technical education." }, { "id": "mt-effective-date", "title": "Superintendent Arntzen Acknowledges the Importance of Changing New Graduation Requirement Effective Date", "authority": "Montana Office of Public Instruction", "url": "https://news.mt.gov/Office-of-Public-Instruction/Superintendent-Arntzen-Acknowledges-the-Importance-of-Changing-New-Graduation-Requirement-Effective-Date", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2023-04-12", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Board action and implementation statement", "supports": [ "July 1, 2025 effective date", "class of 2026", "unanimous Board vote" ], "excerpt": "This means that the graduating class of 2026 will be the first class required to complete half a unit of financial literacy or economics." }, { "id": "mt-opi", "title": "K-12 Content Standards and Resources: Financial Literacy in Montana", "authority": "Montana Office of Public Instruction", "url": "https://opi.mt.gov/Educators/Teaching-Learning/K-12-Content-Standards/", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Financial Literacy in Montana section", "supports": [ "class of 2026", "multidisciplinary standards crosswalk", "course codes", "current social studies implementation" ], "excerpt": "The Office of Public Instruction has developed this webpage to support local school districts concerning financial literacy instruction for K-12 schools." }, { "id": "mt-crosswalk", "title": "Economics-Financial Literacy Multidisciplinary Standards Crosswalk, Grades 9-12", "authority": "Montana Office of Public Instruction", "url": "https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1PAWPwByQsWQGRcHX-IapKGGeBhVpZ5qA/edit?ouid=112370028503542670421&rtpof=true&sd=true&usp=sharing", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Summary of Themes and grades 9-12 standards crosswalk", "supports": [ "six financial literacy themes", "multidisciplinary alignment", "standards guidance" ], "excerpt": "Summary of Themes of Economic and Financial Literacy Instruction." }, { "id": "mt-social-studies", "title": "Montana Content Standards for Social Studies for K-12", "authority": "Montana Office of Public Instruction", "url": "https://opifiles.mt.gov/portals/182/Page%20Files/K-12%20Content%20Standards%20%26%20Revision/Social%20Studies/SIPL_CSI_Standards%20Revision_Social%20Studies_Montana%20K-12%20Content%20Standards%20for%20Social%20Studies_2021.04.05.pdf", "sourceType": "standards", "publicationDate": "2021-04-05", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "PDF page 15, SS.E.9-12.2", "supports": [ "adopted high school economics standard", "personal financial decisions", "July 1, 2021 effective date" ], "excerpt": "Explain how economic cycles affect personal financial decisions." }, { "id": "mt-chapter55-report", "title": "Financial Literacy and Economics Standards", "authority": "Montana Board of Public Education", "url": "https://archive.legmt.gov/bills/2023/Minutes/Senate/Exhibits/230322EDSa4.pdf", "sourceType": "board_action", "publicationDate": "2023-03-22", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "ARM 10.55.904 and 10.55.905 excerpts", "supports": [ "integration flexibility", "existing 20-unit total", "social studies, mathematics, and CTE placement" ], "excerpt": "1/2 unit of economics or financial literacy within the 3 units of social studies, the 3 units of mathematics, or the 2 units of career and technical education." }, { "id": "mt-hb535", "title": "MCA § 20-1-102: Legislative goals for public elementary and secondary schools", "authority": "Montana Legislature", "url": "https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0200/chapter_0010/part_0010/section_0020/0200-0010-0010-0020.html", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Subsection (9), enacted by House Bill 535 in 2023", "supports": [ "legislative goal", "financial literacy instruction" ], "excerpt": "Supports instruction of financial literacy, where students obtain the knowledge and skills required to succeed financially." }, { "id": "mt-bpe-minutes", "title": "Montana Board of Public Education Meeting Minutes, November 19-20, 2025", "authority": "Montana Board of Public Education", "url": "https://bpe.mt.gov/BPE-Minutes-November.pdf", "sourceType": "board_action", "publicationDate": "2025-11", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "PDF pages 3-4, Item 9", "supports": [ "Billings variance approval", "Board action", "financial literacy variance" ], "excerpt": "Motion passed with Board member Schmidt dissenting and Board member Maxwell abstaining." }, { "id": "mt-billings-variance", "title": "Billings Public Schools Initial Variance to Standards Application", "authority": "Montana Office of Public Instruction and Billings Public Schools", "url": "https://opi.mt.gov/Portals/182/Page%20Files/School%20Accreditation/Variances%20to%20Standards/FY2026%20Folder/Billings%20High%20Schools.pdf?ver=2025-12-23-133610-807", "sourceType": "board_action", "publicationDate": "2025", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "PDF pages 22-23, Billings Board action", "supports": [ "one-year variance", "class of 2027 implementation", "ARM 10.55.905(2)(h)" ], "excerpt": "BPS is requesting from the Montana Board of Public Education a one-year variance, delaying implementation until the class of 2027." } ], "faq": [ { "question": "Does Montana require financial literacy to graduate?", "answer": "Montana requires one-half unit of economics or financial literacy for the class of 2026 and later. A student can satisfy the rule through economics, so personal finance is not the only permitted subject.", "sourceIds": [ "mt-rule", "mt-effective-date" ] }, { "question": "Does Montana require a stand-alone personal finance course?", "answer": "No. The half unit may be placed within social studies, mathematics, or career and technical education, and an aligned equivalent course may satisfy the rule.", "sourceIds": [ "mt-rule", "mt-chapter55-report" ] }, { "question": "Which Montana graduating class is first affected?", "answer": "The class of 2026 is the first class under the statewide rule. An approved one-year variance delays implementation for Billings Public Schools until the class of 2027.", "sourceIds": [ "mt-effective-date", "mt-rule", "mt-bpe-minutes", "mt-billings-variance" ] }, { "question": "What standards apply to Montana financial literacy courses?", "answer": "OPI publishes a multidisciplinary grades 9-12 crosswalk built around earning income, spending, saving, investing, managing credit, and managing risk. Districts select the applicable state standards for their chosen delivery path.", "sourceIds": [ "mt-crosswalk", "mt-opi" ] }, { "question": "Can Montana districts require more than the state minimum?", "answer": "Yes. ARM 10.55.905 establishes a statewide minimum, while local districts set their own graduation requirements and curriculum within that framework.", "sourceIds": [ "mt-rule" ] } ], "relatedStates": [] }, { "name": "Nebraska", "abbreviation": "NE", "slug": "nebraska", "jurisdictionType": "state", "lastReviewed": "2026-09-20", "researchStatus": "verified", "indexable": true, "seo": { "title": "Nebraska Personal Finance Standards & Requirements", "description": "Nebraska requires public school students to complete five high school credits in personal finance or financial literacy. Review timing, content, exceptions, and official sources.", "socialImage": "/icon-512.png" }, "summary": "Nebraska requires public school students graduating in 2024 and later to complete at least five high school credit hours in personal finance or financial literacy. Five Nebraska credit hours represent at least one semester of instruction. Districts decide which course or combination of courses meets the requirement, provided the curriculum covers the Financial Literacy Act's required components; the state therefore does not mandate one uniformly titled stand-alone course.", "summarySourceIds": [ "ne-statute-729", "ne-statute-3003", "ne-guidance" ], "requirement": { "overallStatuses": [ "graduation_requirement", "integrated_requirement" ], "standaloneCourseRequired": false, "graduationRequirement": true, "creditRequirement": "At least five Nebraska high school credit hours (at least one semester)", "gradeLevels": [ "K-8 instruction in public schools", "Grades 9-12 course completion" ], "effectiveDate": "2021-08-28", "effectiveSchoolYear": "2023-24", "firstGraduatingClass": "2024", "assessmentRequired": null, "responsibleAgency": "Nebraska Department of Education", "deliveryNotes": "A district chooses the course or combination of courses that satisfies the statutory content. NDE recommends Personal Finance, Wealth Building Fundamentals, and Life and Career Readiness but permits other local courses. The statewide graduation rule applies to public school students, with a different course of instruction allowed when prescribed by an IEP.", "sourceIds": [ "ne-statute-729", "ne-statute-3003", "ne-statute-3002", "ne-guidance" ] }, "standardsDocument": { "title": "Nebraska Financial Literacy Act statutory minimum content", "adoptingAuthority": "Nebraska Legislature", "adoptionDate": null, "effectiveDate": null, "officialUrl": "https://nebraskalegislature.gov/laws/statutes.php?statute=79-3002", "sourceId": "ne-statute-3002" }, "narrative": [ { "text": "Nebraska's Financial Literacy Act creates both instruction and graduation requirements. Beginning in 2023-24, public elementary and middle schools must include age-appropriate financial literacy, and each public school student must complete at least one five-credit high school course before graduation.", "sourceIds": [ "ne-statute-3003", "ne-statute-729" ] }, { "text": "The first affected graduating class was 2024. Nebraska defines a high school credit hour as no less than the credit for one class period per week for at least one semester, so the five-credit requirement represents at least a semester within the state's 200-credit minimum.", "sourceIds": [ "ne-guidance", "ne-statute-729" ] }, { "text": "Delivery is locally controlled. NDE says a district may determine which course and/or courses meet the requirement as long as they cover the statutory components. Recommended options include Personal Finance, Wealth Building Fundamentals, and Life and Career Readiness, but districts may document another course in their annual financial literacy status report.", "sourceIds": [ "ne-guidance", "ne-statute-3004" ] }, { "text": "The statute's content framework covers budget and record keeping, banking, taxes, credit, debt, savings, risk management, insurance, and investment strategies. It is a minimum list rather than a prescribed daily curriculum.", "sourceIds": [ "ne-statute-3002" ] } ], "domains": [ { "name": "Financial Literacy Act content", "summary": "Nebraska Revised Statute 79-3002 defines the minimum knowledge and skills that qualifying district courses must address.", "standards": [ { "code": "Neb. Rev. Stat. §79-3002(1)", "title": "Budget and financial records", "description": "Develop knowledge and skills for budgeting and maintaining personal financial records.", "gradeOrCourse": "K-8 instruction and qualifying high school course(s)", "sourceId": "ne-statute-3002", "sourcePage": "Statutory definition" }, { "code": "Neb. Rev. Stat. §79-3002(2)", "title": "Banking", "description": "Understand banking institutions, accounts, and personal banking practices.", "gradeOrCourse": "K-8 instruction and qualifying high school course(s)", "sourceId": "ne-statute-3002", "sourcePage": "Statutory definition" }, { "code": "Neb. Rev. Stat. §79-3002(3)", "title": "Taxes", "description": "Understand taxes and their effects on personal financial decisions.", "gradeOrCourse": "K-8 instruction and qualifying high school course(s)", "sourceId": "ne-statute-3002", "sourcePage": "Statutory definition" }, { "code": "Neb. Rev. Stat. §79-3002(4)", "title": "Credit", "description": "Learn how to establish, build, maintain, and monitor credit.", "gradeOrCourse": "K-8 instruction and qualifying high school course(s)", "sourceId": "ne-statute-3002", "sourcePage": "Statutory definition" }, { "code": "Neb. Rev. Stat. §79-3002(5)", "title": "Debt", "description": "Understand borrowing obligations and debt management.", "gradeOrCourse": "K-8 instruction and qualifying high school course(s)", "sourceId": "ne-statute-3002", "sourcePage": "Statutory definition" }, { "code": "Neb. Rev. Stat. §79-3002(6)", "title": "Savings", "description": "Use saving strategies to prepare for goals and financial needs.", "gradeOrCourse": "K-8 instruction and qualifying high school course(s)", "sourceId": "ne-statute-3002", "sourcePage": "Statutory definition" }, { "code": "Neb. Rev. Stat. §79-3002(7)", "title": "Risk management", "description": "Recognize and manage personal financial risks.", "gradeOrCourse": "K-8 instruction and qualifying high school course(s)", "sourceId": "ne-statute-3002", "sourcePage": "Statutory definition" }, { "code": "Neb. Rev. Stat. §79-3002(8)", "title": "Insurance", "description": "Understand insurance as a tool for managing financial loss.", "gradeOrCourse": "K-8 instruction and qualifying high school course(s)", "sourceId": "ne-statute-3002", "sourcePage": "Statutory definition" }, { "code": "Neb. Rev. Stat. §79-3002(9)", "title": "Investment strategies", "description": "Understand investment choices and strategies for longer-term goals.", "gradeOrCourse": "K-8 instruction and qualifying high school course(s)", "sourceId": "ne-statute-3002", "sourcePage": "Statutory definition" } ] } ], "policyTimeline": [ { "date": "2021-05-26", "event": "LB 452, the Financial Literacy Act, was signed into law; this enactment date is not represented as a standards-adoption date.", "sourceId": "ne-guidance" }, { "date": "2021-08-28", "event": "The Financial Literacy Act took effect, before its instructional requirements began in 2023-24.", "sourceId": "ne-guidance" }, { "date": "2023-24", "event": "K-8 instruction and the five-credit high school graduation requirement began.", "sourceId": "ne-statute-3003" }, { "date": "Class of 2024", "event": "The first students covered by the high school completion requirement graduated.", "sourceId": "ne-guidance" } ], "lawsAndRules": [ { "identifier": "Neb. Rev. Stat. § 79-729", "title": "High school graduation requirements", "summary": "Requires public school students to include at least five high school credit hours in personal finance or financial literacy beginning in 2023-24, subject to the statute's IEP exception.", "officialUrl": "https://nebraskalegislature.gov/laws/statutes.php?statute=79-729", "effectiveDate": null, "sourceId": "ne-statute-729" }, { "identifier": "Neb. Rev. Stat. §§ 79-3002 to 79-3004", "title": "Financial Literacy Act", "summary": "Defines financial literacy, requires K-8 instruction and high school completion, and requires district status reports.", "officialUrl": "https://nebraskalegislature.gov/laws/statutes.php?statute=79-3003", "effectiveDate": null, "sourceId": "ne-statute-3003" } ], "educatorNotes": [ { "text": "Designate and document at least five credits of high school coursework that covers all nine statutory financial-literacy components.", "sourceIds": [ "ne-statute-729", "ne-statute-3002" ] }, { "text": "If using a locally designed course or combination not listed in the course-code manual, retain the course topics, materials, and student-progress evidence for the annual district status report.", "sourceIds": [ "ne-guidance", "ne-statute-3004" ] } ], "sources": [ { "id": "ne-statute-729", "title": "Nebraska Revised Statute 79-729 — High school graduation requirements", "authority": "Nebraska Legislature", "url": "https://nebraskalegislature.gov/laws/statutes.php?statute=79-729", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": "2025", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Subsections (2)(a), (6), and (7)", "supports": [ "public school graduation requirement", "five credits", "2023-24", "IEP exception", "credit-hour definition" ], "excerpt": "Beginning in school year 2023-24, at least five of the minimum credit hours shall be a high school course in personal finance or financial literacy." }, { "id": "ne-statute-3002", "title": "Nebraska Revised Statute 79-3002 — Financial literacy defined", "authority": "Nebraska Legislature", "url": "https://nebraskalegislature.gov/laws/statutes.php?statute=79-3002", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": "2021", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Complete statutory definition", "supports": [ "complete content framework", "budgeting", "banking", "taxes", "credit", "debt", "saving", "risk", "insurance", "investing" ], "excerpt": "Financial literacy includes, but is not limited to, knowledge and skills regarding budget and financial record keeping; banking; taxes ... credit; debt; savings; risk management; insurance; and investment strategies." }, { "id": "ne-statute-3003", "title": "Nebraska Revised Statute 79-3003 — Financial literacy instruction required", "authority": "Nebraska Legislature", "url": "https://nebraskalegislature.gov/laws/statutes.php?statute=79-3003", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": "2022", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Complete section", "supports": [ "K-8 instruction", "public schools", "five-credit high school course", "2023-24" ], "excerpt": "Beginning with school year 2023-24, each school district ... shall include financial literacy instruction ... and require each student attending a public school to complete at least one five-credit high school course." }, { "id": "ne-statute-3004", "title": "Nebraska Revised Statute 79-3004 — Financial literacy status report", "authority": "Nebraska Legislature", "url": "https://nebraskalegislature.gov/laws/statutes.php?statute=79-3004", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": "2021", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Annual report requirements", "supports": [ "district reporting", "local implementation documentation" ], "excerpt": "Each school district shall provide an annual financial literacy status report to its local board of education." }, { "id": "ne-guidance", "title": "Financial Literacy Act Guidance", "authority": "Nebraska Department of Education", "url": "https://www.education.ne.gov/socialstudies/financial-literacy-act-guidance/", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2026-08-26", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Frequently Asked Questions: effective date, definition, and qualifying courses", "supports": [ "class of 2024", "district discretion", "recommended courses", "course combinations", "implementation" ], "excerpt": "Each school district is able to determine which course and/or courses best satisfy their needs ... as long as they satisfy the necessary components found in Nebraska State Statute 79-3002." } ], "faq": [ { "question": "Does Nebraska require financial literacy to graduate?", "answer": "Yes. Public school students graduating in 2024 and later must complete at least five high school credit hours in personal finance or financial literacy.", "sourceIds": [ "ne-statute-729", "ne-guidance" ] }, { "question": "Does Nebraska require a stand-alone personal finance course?", "answer": "Not uniformly. The law requires five credits in personal finance or financial literacy, but NDE lets districts choose the course or combination of courses that covers the statutory components.", "sourceIds": [ "ne-statute-3003", "ne-guidance" ] }, { "question": "How long is Nebraska's financial literacy requirement?", "answer": "It is at least five Nebraska credit hours. State law defines a credit hour so that five credits represent at least one semester of coursework.", "sourceIds": [ "ne-statute-729" ] }, { "question": "What must Nebraska financial literacy instruction cover?", "answer": "The statute names budgeting and records, banking, taxes, credit, debt, saving, risk management, insurance, and investment strategies.", "sourceIds": [ "ne-statute-3002" ] }, { "question": "Are there exceptions to Nebraska's graduation requirement?", "answer": "The statutory graduation section does not apply when a student's individualized education program prescribes a different course of instruction.", "sourceIds": [ "ne-statute-729" ] } ], "relatedStates": [ "kansas", "iowa" ] }, { "name": "Nevada", "abbreviation": "NV", "slug": "nevada", "jurisdictionType": "state", "lastReviewed": "2026-09-20", "researchStatus": "verified", "indexable": true, "seo": { "title": "Nevada Personal Finance Standards & Requirements", "description": "Nevada requires financial literacy instruction in grades 3-12 and adds a 0.5-credit Economics and Financial Literacy diploma requirement for the class of 2029 and later.", "socialImage": "/icon-512.png" }, "summary": "Nevada requires age-appropriate financial literacy instruction in grades 3 through 12. For the class of 2029 and later, standard and advanced diploma tables require 0.5 credit in the combined subject Economics and Financial Literacy; the 2025-28 diploma tables instead require 0.5 credit in Economics while students still receive the statewide financial literacy instruction. Nevada does not mandate a separate stand-alone personal finance course.", "summarySourceIds": [ "nv-nac", "nv-nrs", "nv-diploma-tables" ], "requirement": { "overallStatuses": [ "graduation_requirement", "integrated_requirement", "pending_or_phased" ], "standaloneCourseRequired": false, "graduationRequirement": true, "creditRequirement": "0.5 credit in Economics and Financial Literacy for standard and advanced diplomas beginning with the class of 2029; earlier current cohorts require 0.5 credit in Economics", "gradeLevels": [ "Grades 3-12 instruction", "High school diploma credit" ], "effectiveDate": "2028-07-01", "effectiveSchoolYear": null, "firstGraduatingClass": "2029", "assessmentRequired": null, "responsibleAgency": "Nevada Department of Education", "deliveryNotes": "Financial literacy instruction may be delivered in a standards-aligned course such as economics, mathematics, or social studies. The combined Economics and Financial Literacy diploma row begins with the class of 2029; 2025-28 diploma tables retain Economics. Adjusted and alternative diplomas use different credit tables.", "sourceIds": [ "nv-nac", "nv-nrs", "nv-diploma-tables" ] }, "standardsDocument": { "title": "Nevada Academic Content Standards for Social Studies", "adoptingAuthority": "Nevada State Board of Education", "adoptionDate": "2018-09", "effectiveDate": null, "officialUrl": "https://webapp-strapi-paas-prod-nde-001.azurewebsites.net/uploads/NVAC_Sfor_Social_Studies_ea0a1df6ac.pdf", "sourceId": "nv-standards" }, "narrative": [ { "text": "Nevada's diploma rules have a cohort transition. The 2025-28 standard and advanced diploma tables require one-half credit in Economics; the class of 2029 and later tables require one-half credit in the combined subject Economics and Financial Literacy. The regulation's August 1, 2022 retroactivity clause does not erase those class-specific rows.", "sourceIds": [ "nv-nac", "nv-r099-23", "nv-diploma-tables" ] }, { "text": "The statewide requirement is not a stand-alone-course mandate. Nevada law directs schools to include financial literacy within a course aligned to state standards and expressly names economics, mathematics, and social studies as examples of possible delivery settings.", "sourceIds": [ "nv-nrs" ] }, { "text": "Nevada separately requires districts and charter schools to provide age-appropriate financial literacy instruction in grades 3 through 12. The statutory topics cover decision-making, budgeting, credit, debt, saving, investing, identity protection, taxes, insurance, college, and careers.", "sourceIds": [ "nv-nrs" ] }, { "text": "At high school, Nevada's adopted social studies framework includes 13 financial literacy standards. An optional Seal of Financial Literacy has additional coursework and demonstration requirements, but those seal criteria should not be confused with the phased diploma credit. Adjusted and alternative diplomas also use separate credit frameworks.", "sourceIds": [ "nv-standards", "nv-seal", "nv-diploma-tables" ] } ], "domains": [ { "name": "Nevada high-school financial literacy standards", "summary": "The 2018 Nevada Academic Content Standards for Social Studies identify 13 high-school financial literacy expectations.", "standards": [ { "code": "SS.9-12.FL.1", "title": "Financial alternatives and goals", "description": "Analyze alternatives and consequences when setting and pursuing personal financial goals.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "nv-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 47" }, { "code": "SS.9-12.FL.2", "title": "Taxes", "description": "Analyze local, state, and federal taxes and their effect on personal financial decisions.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "nv-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 47" }, { "code": "SS.9-12.FL.3", "title": "Financial information", "description": "Locate and evaluate reliable financial information for personal decision-making.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "nv-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 47" }, { "code": "SS.9-12.FL.4", "title": "Financial planning", "description": "Create a personal financial plan that includes saving, spending, and accurate recordkeeping.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "nv-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 47" }, { "code": "SS.9-12.FL.5", "title": "Credit and debt", "description": "Analyze the costs and benefits of credit and debt and strategies for avoiding or resolving debt problems.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "nv-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 47" }, { "code": "SS.9-12.FL.6", "title": "Credit reports and scores", "description": "Explain the purpose and use of credit reports and scores, access rights, and consumer responsibilities.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "nv-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 47" }, { "code": "SS.9-12.FL.7", "title": "Loans", "description": "Compare loan products, costs, terms, and borrower obligations.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "nv-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 47" }, { "code": "SS.9-12.FL.8", "title": "Identity theft and fraud", "description": "Apply strategies to prevent or limit identity theft, financial fraud, and related harm.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "nv-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 47" }, { "code": "SS.9-12.FL.9", "title": "Investing", "description": "Evaluate investment strategies and products, including securities, stocks, bonds, compounding, risk, and trading.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "nv-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 47" }, { "code": "SS.9-12.FL.10", "title": "Insurance", "description": "Compare insurance plans and evaluate provider quality, costs, and coverage.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "nv-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 47" }, { "code": "SS.9-12.FL.11", "title": "College, career, and income", "description": "Analyze how college and career choices affect income, disposable income, unemployment, and underemployment.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "nv-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 47" }, { "code": "SS.9-12.FL.12", "title": "Applications and employment documents", "description": "Complete common loan, scholarship, job, and resume documents accurately.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "nv-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 47" }, { "code": "SS.9-12.FL.13", "title": "Financing postsecondary education", "description": "Compare FAFSA-based aid, regional programs, Nevada scholarships, prepaid tuition, 529 plans, savings, and borrowing.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "nv-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 47" } ] } ], "policyTimeline": [ { "date": "2018-09", "event": "Nevada revised its Academic Content Standards for Social Studies, including the high-school financial literacy standards.", "sourceId": "nv-standards" }, { "date": "2022-08-01", "event": "Regulation R099-23's diploma-table amendments apply retroactively to diplomas issued on or after this date, subject to the tables' separate cohort rows.", "sourceId": "nv-r099-23" }, { "date": "Class of 2029", "event": "Standard and advanced diploma tables first replace the 0.5-credit Economics row with 0.5 credit in Economics and Financial Literacy.", "sourceId": "nv-nac" }, { "date": "2028-07-01", "event": "The future version of NRS 389.018 changes the statutory standard-diploma row from Economics to Economics and Financial Literacy and expands a required planning topic.", "sourceId": "nv-nrs" } ], "lawsAndRules": [ { "identifier": "NRS 389.074", "title": "Financial literacy instruction", "summary": "Requires age-appropriate financial literacy instruction in grades 3-12 and permits delivery in a standards-aligned course, including economics, mathematics, or social studies.", "officialUrl": "https://www.leg.state.nv.us/NRS/NRS-389.html#NRS389Sec074", "effectiveDate": null, "sourceId": "nv-nrs" }, { "identifier": "NAC 390.430 and 390.440", "title": "Advanced and standard high school diplomas", "summary": "Require 0.5 credit in Economics for classes before 2029 and 0.5 credit in Economics and Financial Literacy for the class of 2029 and later.", "officialUrl": "https://www.leg.state.nv.us/nac/NAC-390.html#NAC390Sec430", "effectiveDate": null, "sourceId": "nv-nac" }, { "identifier": "NRS 389.018", "title": "Standard high school diploma", "summary": "The current version requires 0.5 credit in Economics; the July 1, 2028 version requires 0.5 credit in Economics and Financial Literacy.", "officialUrl": "https://www.leg.state.nv.us/NRS/NRS-389.html#NRS389Sec018", "effectiveDate": "2028-07-01", "sourceId": "nv-nrs" } ], "educatorNotes": [ { "text": "Use the correct diploma table: classes 2025-28 retain 0.5 credit in Economics, while the class of 2029 and later uses 0.5 credit in Economics and Financial Literacy. Do not describe either framework as requiring a separate personal finance course.", "sourceIds": [ "nv-nac", "nv-diploma-tables", "nv-nrs" ] }, { "text": "Keep the optional Seal of Financial Literacy separate from the standard diploma rule. The seal has additional criteria and does not replace the baseline graduation credit.", "sourceIds": [ "nv-seal", "nv-nac" ] } ], "sources": [ { "id": "nv-nrs", "title": "Nevada Revised Statutes Chapter 389, Academics and Textbooks", "authority": "Nevada Legislature", "url": "https://www.leg.state.nv.us/NRS/NRS-389.html", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": "2025", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "NRS 389.074 and NRS 389.018, current and July 1, 2028 versions", "supports": [ "grades 3-12 instruction", "integrated delivery", "current Economics credit", "future Economics and Financial Literacy credit", "future 2028 change" ], "excerpt": "Each school district and charter school shall ensure that instruction in financial literacy is provided to pupils enrolled in grades 3 to 12, inclusive." }, { "id": "nv-nac", "title": "Nevada Administrative Code Chapter 390, Testing and High School Equivalency", "authority": "Nevada Legislature", "url": "https://www.leg.state.nv.us/nac/NAC-390.html", "sourceType": "regulation", "publicationDate": "2026-08-26", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "NAC 390.430 and NAC 390.440, class-specific standard and advanced diploma tables", "supports": [ "0.5 credit", "Economics for pre-2029 classes", "Economics and Financial Literacy for class of 2029 and later", "standard diploma", "advanced diploma" ], "excerpt": "For the graduating class of 2029 and each graduating class thereafter ... Economics and Financial Literacy ... 0.5." }, { "id": "nv-r099-23", "title": "Adopted Regulation R099-23", "authority": "Nevada State Board of Education and Legislative Counsel Bureau", "url": "https://www.leg.state.nv.us/Register/2023Register/R099-23AP.pdf", "sourceType": "regulation", "publicationDate": "2024-11-15", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Class-specific diploma tables and effective-date note", "supports": [ "regulatory amendment", "class of 2029 transition", "retroactive August 1, 2022 application of table amendments" ], "excerpt": "The amendatory provisions of this regulation apply retroactively to diplomas issued on or after August 1, 2022." }, { "id": "nv-standards", "title": "Nevada Academic Content Standards for Social Studies", "authority": "Nevada Department of Education", "url": "https://webapp-strapi-paas-prod-nde-001.azurewebsites.net/uploads/NVAC_Sfor_Social_Studies_ea0a1df6ac.pdf", "sourceType": "standards", "publicationDate": "2018-09", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Financial Literacy standards SS.9-12.FL.1 through SS.9-12.FL.13, PDF page 47", "supports": [ "complete high-school standards", "standards codes", "content scope" ], "excerpt": "Financial Literacy: Students will develop the skills necessary to make informed and effective decisions with all of their financial resources." }, { "id": "nv-grad", "title": "High School Graduation", "authority": "Nevada Department of Education", "url": "https://doe.nv.gov/offices/office-of-teaching-and-learning/high-school-graduation", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Diploma requirements resources and diploma-type distinctions", "supports": [ "current diploma framework", "standard, advanced, adjusted, and alternative diploma distinctions", "graduation guidance" ], "excerpt": "Nevada has several types of high school diplomas, each with specific credit and assessment requirements." }, { "id": "nv-diploma-tables", "title": "Nevada High School Diploma Requirements", "authority": "Nevada Department of Education", "url": "https://webapp-strapi-paas-prod-nde-001.azurewebsites.net/uploads/diploma_requirements_1018352e30.pdf", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2026-03-18", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Standard and advanced diploma tables for classes 2025-28 and 2029 and beyond; adjusted and alternative diploma tables", "supports": [ "current transition", "class of 2029", "Economics credit", "Economics and Financial Literacy credit", "diploma exceptions" ], "excerpt": "2025-2028 ... Economics .5; 2029 and beyond ... Economics & Financial Literacy .5." }, { "id": "nv-seal", "title": "Seal of Financial Literacy Information and Criteria", "authority": "Nevada Department of Education", "url": "https://doe.nv.gov/offices/office-of-teaching-and-learning/nevada-seal-programs/seal-of-civics-and-seal-of-financial-literacy-information-and-criteria", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Seal of Financial Literacy criteria", "supports": [ "optional seal distinction", "additional criteria", "assessment distinction" ], "excerpt": "The Nevada State Seal of Financial Literacy is an award given to high school graduates who have attained a high level of proficiency in financial literacy." } ], "faq": [ { "question": "Does Nevada require financial literacy to graduate?", "answer": "For the class of 2029 and later, standard and advanced diplomas require 0.5 credit in Economics and Financial Literacy. The 2025-28 tables require 0.5 credit in Economics while Nevada separately requires financial literacy instruction in grades 3-12.", "sourceIds": [ "nv-nac", "nv-nrs", "nv-diploma-tables" ] }, { "question": "Does Nevada require a stand-alone personal finance course?", "answer": "No. Nevada permits financial literacy instruction in a standards-aligned course such as economics, mathematics, or social studies, and the diploma credit itself combines economics and financial literacy.", "sourceIds": [ "nv-nrs", "nv-nac" ] }, { "question": "Which Nevada students receive financial literacy instruction?", "answer": "State law requires age-appropriate financial literacy instruction for students in grades 3 through 12. The diploma credit applies at high school.", "sourceIds": [ "nv-nrs" ] }, { "question": "When does Nevada's combined Economics and Financial Literacy diploma credit begin?", "answer": "The class of 2029 is the first class identified in the standard and advanced diploma tables. The earlier August 1, 2022 retroactivity clause applies to the table amendments generally; it does not replace the tables' cohort-specific subject rows.", "sourceIds": [ "nv-r099-23", "nv-nac", "nv-diploma-tables" ] }, { "question": "Do all Nevada diplomas use the same financial literacy credit table?", "answer": "No. Standard and advanced diplomas use the phased Economics/Economics and Financial Literacy rows, while adjusted and alternative diplomas have separate credit frameworks.", "sourceIds": [ "nv-diploma-tables" ] }, { "question": "Is Nevada's Seal of Financial Literacy required for graduation?", "answer": "No. The seal is an optional recognition with additional criteria; it is separate from the baseline diploma requirements.", "sourceIds": [ "nv-seal", "nv-nac" ] } ], "relatedStates": [] }, { "name": "New Hampshire", "abbreviation": "NH", "slug": "new-hampshire", "jurisdictionType": "state", "lastReviewed": "2026-09-20", "researchStatus": "verified", "indexable": true, "seo": { "title": "New Hampshire Personal Finance Standards & Requirements", "description": "See New Hampshire's financial literacy instruction law, new half-credit diploma requirement for 2026-27 entrants, local competencies, and official sources.", "socialImage": "/icon-512.png" }, "summary": "New Hampshire requires personal finance literacy instruction in every public-school curriculum and allows it to be embedded in an existing course or grade-level program. Students entering high school in 2026-27 or later must also earn a separate half credit in financial literacy for graduation. State rules define five required content areas but leave districts to establish local competencies and curriculum.", "summarySourceIds": [ "nh-statute", "nh-adequate-education", "nh-rule" ], "requirement": { "overallStatuses": [ "graduation_requirement", "integrated_requirement", "pending_or_phased" ], "standaloneCourseRequired": false, "graduationRequirement": true, "creditRequirement": "0.5 financial literacy credit for students entering high school in 2026-27 or later; earlier cohorts have 0.5 credit in economics including personal finance", "gradeLevels": [ "K-12 curriculum", "High school graduation" ], "effectiveDate": "2024-12-13", "effectiveSchoolYear": "2026-27 for students entering high school", "firstGraduatingClass": null, "assessmentRequired": true, "responsibleAgency": "New Hampshire Department of Education", "deliveryNotes": "RSA 189:10 permits personal finance literacy skills to be embedded. Ed 306 requires districts to establish local competencies and curriculum in five content areas and follow competency-based assessment practices. A separate statewide half-credit category begins with students entering high school in 2026-27, but the rules do not require one course title or seat-time model.", "sourceIds": [ "nh-statute", "nh-adequate-education", "nh-rule" ] }, "standardsDocument": { "title": "Ed 306.28(c) Personal Finance Literacy Competency Areas", "adoptingAuthority": "New Hampshire State Board of Education", "adoptionDate": "2024-12-13", "effectiveDate": "2024-12-13", "officialUrl": "https://gc.nh.gov/rules/state_agencies/ed300.html", "sourceId": "nh-rule" }, "narrative": [ { "text": "New Hampshire law requires school boards to ensure personal finance literacy instruction is taught as part of the curriculum. The statute expressly allows schools to embed the skills in an existing course or grade-level program, so required instruction does not itself mean a stand-alone course.", "sourceIds": [ "nh-statute" ] }, { "text": "The diploma rule is changing by cohort. Earlier students complete a half credit in economics including personal finance. Beginning in 2026-27, students entering high school must complete a distinct half-credit financial literacy category in addition to a half credit in economics.", "sourceIds": [ "nh-rule" ] }, { "text": "New Hampshire's current approval rules require districts to establish competencies and curriculum across earning income, spending, saving, managing credit, and managing risk. Districts choose curriculum and sequence, while student credit is based on demonstrated competencies and local assessment practices.", "sourceIds": [ "nh-rule", "nh-adequate-education" ] }, { "text": "The rule does not identify a first graduating class by year. Because the trigger is students entering high school in 2026-27, this record reports the entering cohort rather than inferring a graduation year.", "sourceIds": [ "nh-rule" ] } ], "domains": [ { "name": "Personal finance literacy competency content", "summary": "Ed 306.28(c) requires local competencies and curriculum to cover all 20 listed content elements across five areas.", "standards": [ { "code": "Ed 306.28(c)(1)(a)", "title": "Understand career paths and their potential compensation", "description": "Understand career paths and their potential compensation.", "gradeOrCourse": "District personal finance literacy competencies", "sourceId": "nh-rule", "sourcePage": "Ed 306.28(c)(1)-(5)" }, { "code": "Ed 306.28(c)(1)(b)", "title": "Understand wage and salary compensation and employee benefits", "description": "Understand wage and salary compensation and employee benefits.", "gradeOrCourse": "District personal finance literacy competencies", "sourceId": "nh-rule", "sourcePage": "Ed 306.28(c)(1)-(5)" }, { "code": "Ed 306.28(c)(1)(c)", "title": "Understand major federal and state income-tax and sales-tax schemes", "description": "Understand major federal and state income-tax and sales-tax schemes.", "gradeOrCourse": "District personal finance literacy competencies", "sourceId": "nh-rule", "sourcePage": "Ed 306.28(c)(1)-(5)" }, { "code": "Ed 306.28(c)(1)(d)", "title": "Understand how economic conditions, technology, and labor markets can…", "description": "Understand how economic conditions, technology, and labor markets can change income, careers, and employment.", "gradeOrCourse": "District personal finance literacy competencies", "sourceId": "nh-rule", "sourcePage": "Ed 306.28(c)(1)-(5)" }, { "code": "Ed 306.28(c)(2)(a)", "title": "Develop budgeting competence", "description": "Develop budgeting competence.", "gradeOrCourse": "District personal finance literacy competencies", "sourceId": "nh-rule", "sourcePage": "Ed 306.28(c)(1)-(5)" }, { "code": "Ed 306.28(c)(2)(b)", "title": "Understand consumer decision-making and influences on spending", "description": "Understand consumer decision-making and influences on spending.", "gradeOrCourse": "District personal finance literacy competencies", "sourceId": "nh-rule", "sourcePage": "Ed 306.28(c)(1)-(5)" }, { "code": "Ed 306.28(c)(2)(c)", "title": "Understand federal and state consumer-protection laws", "description": "Understand federal and state consumer-protection laws.", "gradeOrCourse": "District personal finance literacy competencies", "sourceId": "nh-rule", "sourcePage": "Ed 306.28(c)(1)-(5)" }, { "code": "Ed 306.28(c)(2)(d)", "title": "Use financial record-keeping, including financial-technology options", "description": "Use financial record-keeping, including financial-technology options.", "gradeOrCourse": "District personal finance literacy competencies", "sourceId": "nh-rule", "sourcePage": "Ed 306.28(c)(1)-(5)" }, { "code": "Ed 306.28(c)(3)(a)", "title": "Understand financial institutions, their regulators, and the products…", "description": "Understand financial institutions, their regulators, and the products and services offered.", "gradeOrCourse": "District personal finance literacy competencies", "sourceId": "nh-rule", "sourcePage": "Ed 306.28(c)(1)-(5)" }, { "code": "Ed 306.28(c)(3)(b)", "title": "Understand interest rates, bank and investment fees, inflation, and…", "description": "Understand interest rates, bank and investment fees, inflation, and their effects on saving.", "gradeOrCourse": "District personal finance literacy competencies", "sourceId": "nh-rule", "sourcePage": "Ed 306.28(c)(1)-(5)" }, { "code": "Ed 306.28(c)(3)(c)", "title": "Plan for retirement and long-term financial goals", "description": "Plan for retirement and long-term financial goals.", "gradeOrCourse": "District personal finance literacy competencies", "sourceId": "nh-rule", "sourcePage": "Ed 306.28(c)(1)-(5)" }, { "code": "Ed 306.28(c)(3)(d)", "title": "Understand investing", "description": "Understand investing.", "gradeOrCourse": "District personal finance literacy competencies", "sourceId": "nh-rule", "sourcePage": "Ed 306.28(c)(1)-(5)" }, { "code": "Ed 306.28(c)(4)(a)", "title": "Understand secured and unsecured loans, cards, mortgages, alternative…", "description": "Understand secured and unsecured loans, cards, mortgages, alternative services, borrowing costs, and repayment.", "gradeOrCourse": "District personal finance literacy competencies", "sourceId": "nh-rule", "sourcePage": "Ed 306.28(c)(1)-(5)" }, { "code": "Ed 306.28(c)(4)(b)", "title": "Understand postsecondary financing through loans, scholarships, grants,…", "description": "Understand postsecondary financing through loans, scholarships, grants, work-study, and savings.", "gradeOrCourse": "District personal finance literacy competencies", "sourceId": "nh-rule", "sourcePage": "Ed 306.28(c)(1)-(5)" }, { "code": "Ed 306.28(c)(4)(c)", "title": "Understand credit bureaus, scores, reports, and assessments of…", "description": "Understand credit bureaus, scores, reports, and assessments of creditworthiness.", "gradeOrCourse": "District personal finance literacy competencies", "sourceId": "nh-rule", "sourcePage": "Ed 306.28(c)(1)-(5)" }, { "code": "Ed 306.28(c)(4)(d)", "title": "Understand consumer-credit protection laws and protections", "description": "Understand consumer-credit protection laws and protections.", "gradeOrCourse": "District personal finance literacy competencies", "sourceId": "nh-rule", "sourcePage": "Ed 306.28(c)(1)-(5)" }, { "code": "Ed 306.28(c)(5)(a)", "title": "Understand insurance types, coverage, risk exposure, premiums, and…", "description": "Understand insurance types, coverage, risk exposure, premiums, and deductibles.", "gradeOrCourse": "District personal finance literacy competencies", "sourceId": "nh-rule", "sourcePage": "Ed 306.28(c)(1)-(5)" }, { "code": "Ed 306.28(c)(5)(b)", "title": "Understand extended warranties and service contracts on consumer goods", "description": "Understand extended warranties and service contracts on consumer goods.", "gradeOrCourse": "District personal finance literacy competencies", "sourceId": "nh-rule", "sourcePage": "Ed 306.28(c)(1)-(5)" }, { "code": "Ed 306.28(c)(5)(c)", "title": "Safeguard personal financial data", "description": "Safeguard personal financial data.", "gradeOrCourse": "District personal finance literacy competencies", "sourceId": "nh-rule", "sourcePage": "Ed 306.28(c)(1)-(5)" }, { "code": "Ed 306.28(c)(5)(d)", "title": "Understand identity theft and fraud", "description": "Understand identity theft and fraud.", "gradeOrCourse": "District personal finance literacy competencies", "sourceId": "nh-rule", "sourcePage": "Ed 306.28(c)(1)-(5)" } ] } ], "policyTimeline": [ { "date": "2022-07-26", "event": "RSA 189:10 III took effect, requiring personal finance literacy instruction and permitting embedded delivery.", "sourceId": "nh-statute" }, { "date": "2023-24", "event": "The Department identified the statutory personal finance instruction requirement for school implementation.", "sourceId": "nh-statute" }, { "date": "2024-12-13", "event": "The current Ed 306 approval and graduation rules took effect.", "sourceId": "nh-rule" }, { "date": "2026-27", "event": "Students entering high school become subject to the separate half-credit financial literacy graduation category.", "sourceId": "nh-rule" } ], "lawsAndRules": [ { "identifier": "RSA 189:10 III", "title": "Personal finance literacy instruction", "summary": "Requires instruction designed to prepare students for financial decisions and expressly allows embedded delivery.", "officialUrl": "https://gc.nh.gov/rsa/html/XV/189/189-10.htm", "effectiveDate": "2022-07-26", "sourceId": "nh-statute" }, { "identifier": "RSA 193-E:2-a", "title": "Substantive educational content of an adequate education", "summary": "Lists personal finance literacy as a separate learning area and assigns local responsibility for curriculum choices.", "officialUrl": "https://gc.nh.gov/rsa/html/XV/193-E/193-E-2-a.htm", "effectiveDate": "2022-07-26", "sourceId": "nh-adequate-education" }, { "identifier": "Ed 306.23 and Ed 306.28(c)", "title": "Graduation credits and personal finance literacy competencies", "summary": "Creates the future half-credit financial literacy category and specifies the five required competency areas.", "officialUrl": "https://gc.nh.gov/rules/state_agencies/ed300.html", "effectiveDate": "2024-12-13", "sourceId": "nh-rule" } ], "educatorNotes": [ { "text": "Apply the correct diploma table by cohort: economics including personal finance for earlier students, and a separate half-credit financial literacy category for students entering high school in 2026-27 or later.", "sourceIds": [ "nh-rule" ] }, { "text": "Develop local competencies covering every content element in Ed 306.28(c) and assess student evidence under the district's competency-based practices.", "sourceIds": [ "nh-rule" ] }, { "text": "Embedded instruction remains legally permitted; the separate credit category does not by itself prescribe a single stand-alone course title.", "sourceIds": [ "nh-statute", "nh-rule" ] } ], "sources": [ { "id": "nh-statute", "title": "RSA 189:10 Studies", "authority": "New Hampshire General Court", "url": "https://gc.nh.gov/rsa/html/XV/189/189-10.htm", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": "2022-07-26", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Paragraph III", "supports": [ "required instruction", "embedded delivery", "school-board duty" ], "excerpt": "Personal finance literacy skills may be embedded in an existing course or grade level program of studies." }, { "id": "nh-adequate-education", "title": "RSA 193-E:2-a Substantive Educational Content of an Adequate Education", "authority": "New Hampshire General Court", "url": "https://gc.nh.gov/rsa/html/XV/193-E/193-E-2-a.htm", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": "2026", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Paragraphs I(a)(10), II, and V", "supports": [ "personal finance learning area", "K-12 standards", "local curriculum responsibility" ], "excerpt": "An adequate education shall be defined and identified ... [to include] Personal finance literacy." }, { "id": "nh-rule", "title": "Ed 300: Minimum Standards for Public School Approval", "authority": "New Hampshire State Board of Education", "url": "https://gc.nh.gov/rules/state_agencies/ed300.html", "sourceType": "regulation", "publicationDate": "2024-12-13", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Ed 306.22(c), (g)-(n), Ed 306.23(g)-(j), and Ed 306.28(c)", "supports": [ "current and future graduation credits", "2026-27 entering cohort", "20 competency elements", "competency assessment", "interdisciplinary and alternative learning opportunities", "transfer review" ], "excerpt": "Beginning in the 2026-2027 school year for those students entering high school ... Financial literacy | ½ credit." } ], "faq": [ { "question": "Does New Hampshire require financial literacy instruction?", "answer": "Yes. RSA 189:10 requires school boards to ensure personal finance literacy instruction is taught as part of the curriculum.", "sourceIds": [ "nh-statute" ] }, { "question": "Does New Hampshire require financial literacy for graduation?", "answer": "Yes. Earlier cohorts complete economics including personal finance; students entering high school in 2026-27 or later must earn a separate half credit in financial literacy.", "sourceIds": [ "nh-rule" ] }, { "question": "Does New Hampshire require a stand-alone personal finance course?", "answer": "No single course title or seat-time model is prescribed. State law allows embedded instruction, and districts establish local competency-based curriculum and learning opportunities.", "sourceIds": [ "nh-statute", "nh-rule", "nh-adequate-education" ] }, { "question": "Which New Hampshire class is first affected by the new half-credit rule?", "answer": "The rule applies to students entering high school in the 2026-27 school year. The official rule does not state a graduating-class year, so this record does not infer one.", "sourceIds": [ "nh-rule" ] }, { "question": "What must New Hampshire financial literacy curriculum cover?", "answer": "Local competencies must address earning income, spending, saving, managing credit, and managing risk through the 20 content elements in Ed 306.28(c).", "sourceIds": [ "nh-rule" ] } ], "relatedStates": [] }, { "name": "New Jersey", "abbreviation": "NJ", "slug": "new-jersey", "jurisdictionType": "state", "lastReviewed": "2026-09-20", "researchStatus": "verified", "indexable": true, "seo": { "title": "New Jersey Personal Finance Standards & Requirements", "description": "See New Jersey's 2.5-credit financial literacy graduation requirement, grades 6-8 instruction rule, delivery options, standards, and official sources.", "socialImage": "/icon-512.png" }, "summary": "New Jersey requires at least 2.5 credits in financial, economic, business, and entrepreneurial literacy for a State-endorsed high school diploma, beginning with the 2010-11 grade-nine class. Students may meet it through a stand-alone half-year course, approved individualized learning, or electives that integrate Standard 9.1, so the state does not require one universal stand-alone personal finance course.", "summarySourceIds": [ "nj-regulation", "nj-finlit-page", "nj-standards" ], "requirement": { "overallStatuses": [ "graduation_requirement", "integrated_requirement" ], "standaloneCourseRequired": false, "graduationRequirement": true, "creditRequirement": "At least 2.5 credits", "gradeLevels": [ "Grades 6-8 instruction", "Grades 9-12 graduation credit" ], "effectiveDate": null, "effectiveSchoolYear": "High school: grade-nine class of 2010-11; middle school: 2019-20", "firstGraduatingClass": null, "assessmentRequired": true, "responsibleAgency": "New Jersey Department of Education", "deliveryNotes": "High-school students may use a stand-alone half-year course, Option Two individualized learning, or one or more eligible electives that integrate the required content. Districts must assess the aligned learning locally; New Jersey does not prescribe a separate statewide personal-finance test. Districts must also provide age-appropriate financial literacy instruction in each of grades 6, 7, and 8.", "sourceIds": [ "nj-regulation", "nj-finlit-page", "nj-middle-school-law", "nj-standards" ] }, "standardsDocument": { "title": "2020 New Jersey Student Learning Standards: 9.1 Personal Financial Literacy", "adoptingAuthority": "New Jersey State Board of Education", "adoptionDate": "2020-06", "effectiveDate": "2020-06", "officialUrl": "https://www.nj.gov/education/standards/clicks/Docs/2020NJSLS-9.1FinancialLiteracy.pdf", "sourceId": "nj-standards" }, "narrative": [ { "text": "New Jersey's statewide diploma requirement is at least 2.5 credits in the combined category of financial, economic, business, and entrepreneurial literacy. It has applied since the grade-nine class of 2010-11 and is part of the State-endorsed diploma's 120-credit program. Because the official sources identify an entering grade-nine cohort rather than a graduating class, this record does not infer a class year.", "sourceIds": [ "nj-regulation", "nj-finlit-page" ] }, { "text": "New Jersey does not prescribe one stand-alone delivery model. NJDOE identifies three pathways: a stand-alone half-year course based on Standard 9.1, Option Two experiences such as independent or online learning, or eligible electives that integrate the required content and skills.", "sourceIds": [ "nj-finlit-page", "nj-regulation" ] }, { "text": "The high-school credit rule is distinct from the middle-school mandate. Beginning in 2019-20, districts must incorporate age-appropriate financial literacy instruction in each of grades 6, 7, and 8, including budgeting, saving, credit, debt, insurance, investment, and other personal-responsibility topics.", "sourceIds": [ "nj-middle-school-law", "nj-finlit-page" ] }, { "text": "Senate Bill 3462 and the similar Assembly Bill 3123 would create a different stand-alone high-school personal finance course. S3462 was reported from the Senate Education Committee with amendments and given a second reading on March 2, 2026; A3123 remained introduced. Neither proposal had been enacted as of this review, so this record follows the existing 2.5-credit rule.", "sourceIds": [ "nj-s3462", "nj-a3123" ] } ], "domains": [ { "name": "Civic Financial Responsibility", "summary": "The complete grade 12 strand covers philanthropy, community responsibility, culture and money, estate planning, and financial laws.", "standards": [ { "code": "9.1.12.CFR.1", "title": "Philanthropy, service, and charities", "description": "Compare the roles of philanthropy, volunteer service, and charities in community development and quality of life across cultures.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 31" }, { "code": "9.1.12.CFR.2", "title": "Choosing causes and organizations", "description": "Summarize personally important causes and compare organizations with similar missions.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 31" }, { "code": "9.1.12.CFR.3", "title": "Corporate governance and the common good", "description": "Research companies with governance policies that support the common good and human rights.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 31" }, { "code": "9.1.12.CFR.4", "title": "Culture and financial behavior", "description": "Explain relationships among attitudes, assumptions, and behavior involving money, saving, investing, and work across cultures.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 31" }, { "code": "9.1.12.CFR.5", "title": "Estate planning documents", "description": "Summarize the purpose and importance of wills, durable powers of attorney, living wills, health care proxies, and related documents.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 31" }, { "code": "9.1.12.CFR.6", "title": "Employment and financial laws", "description": "Identify and explain consequences of breaking federal or state employment or financial laws.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 31" } ] }, { "name": "Credit and Debt Management", "summary": "The complete grade 12 strand addresses reasons for debt, mortgages, student loans, predatory lending, interest, bankruptcy, and counseling.", "standards": [ { "code": "9.1.12.CDM.1", "title": "Purposes of debt", "description": "Identify the purposes, advantages, and disadvantages of debt.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 32" }, { "code": "9.1.12.CDM.2", "title": "Mortgage types", "description": "Compare advantages and disadvantages of various mortgage types.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 32" }, { "code": "9.1.12.CDM.3", "title": "Beneficial use of debt", "description": "Determine ways to leverage debt beneficially.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 32" }, { "code": "9.1.12.CDM.4", "title": "Student loan debt", "description": "Identify student-loan issues, repayment requirements, and consequences of nonpayment.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 32" }, { "code": "9.1.12.CDM.5", "title": "Predatory lending", "description": "Identify characteristics of predatory lending and the importance of collateral.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 32" }, { "code": "9.1.12.CDM.6", "title": "Accumulating interest", "description": "Compute and assess accumulated interest over time for student loans, credit cards, auto loans, mortgages, and other credit.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 32" }, { "code": "9.1.12.CDM.7", "title": "Mortgage payment", "description": "Calculate mortgage payments using loan type, down payment, credit score, and interest rate.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 32" }, { "code": "9.1.12.CDM.8", "title": "Interest and amortization", "description": "Compare and compute simple and compound interest and develop an amortization table.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 32" }, { "code": "9.1.12.CDM.9", "title": "Bankruptcy", "description": "Summarize causes and consequences of personal and corporate bankruptcy.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 32" }, { "code": "9.1.12.CDM.10", "title": "Credit counseling", "description": "Determine when counseling is necessary and evaluate available consumer resources.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 32" } ] }, { "name": "Credit Profile", "summary": "The complete grade 12 strand covers credit history, ratings, scores, debt and net worth, protection, and report disputes.", "standards": [ { "code": "9.1.12.CP.1", "title": "Effects of credit history", "description": "Summarize how credit history affects loan terms, employment, and loan qualification.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 32" }, { "code": "9.1.12.CP.2", "title": "Positive credit history", "description": "Identify advantages of maintaining a positive credit history.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 32" }, { "code": "9.1.12.CP.3", "title": "Credit-rating factors", "description": "Summarize how payment history, utilization, account age, and applications affect a positive rating.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 33" }, { "code": "9.1.12.CP.4", "title": "Credit-building skills", "description": "Identify skills needed to build and maintain a positive credit profile.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 33" }, { "code": "9.1.12.CP.5", "title": "Improvement plan", "description": "Create a plan to improve and maintain an excellent credit rating.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 33" }, { "code": "9.1.12.CP.6", "title": "Debt and net worth", "description": "Explain the effect of debt on net worth.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 33" }, { "code": "9.1.12.CP.7", "title": "Scoring systems", "description": "Summarize factors used by a credit-scoring system.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 33" }, { "code": "9.1.12.CP.8", "title": "Protecting credit", "description": "Identify ways to protect personal credit.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 33" }, { "code": "9.1.12.CP.9", "title": "Credit reports and disputes", "description": "Analyze report content and score use and explain why inaccurate entries should be disputed.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 33" } ] }, { "name": "Economic and Government Influences", "summary": "The complete grade 12 strand connects taxes, public policy, economic systems, wealth, and consumer law.", "standards": [ { "code": "9.1.12.EG.1", "title": "Tax rates", "description": "Review tax rates on different income sources and purchased products and services.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 33" }, { "code": "9.1.12.EG.2", "title": "Tax treatment of income", "description": "Explain why forms of income are taxed differently.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 33" }, { "code": "9.1.12.EG.3", "title": "Influencing policy", "description": "Explain how individuals and businesses influence government policies.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 33" }, { "code": "9.1.12.EG.4", "title": "Policy and personal finances", "description": "Explain the relationship between a person's finances and broader economic and government policies.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 33" }, { "code": "9.1.12.EG.5", "title": "Economic systems and wealth", "description": "Relate production and consumption systems to personal wealth, social comparison, and social responsibility.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 33" }, { "code": "9.1.12.EG.6", "title": "Consumer rights", "description": "Analyze buyer and seller rights and responsibilities under consumer-protection laws.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 33" } ] }, { "name": "Financial Institutions", "summary": "The complete grade 12 strand covers identity protection, account management, long-term goals, and financial products.", "standards": [ { "code": "9.1.12.FI.1", "title": "Identity theft", "description": "Identify ways to protect against identity theft.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 34" }, { "code": "9.1.12.FI.2", "title": "Account management", "description": "Explain ways to manage accounts for maximum benefits and protection.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 34" }, { "code": "9.1.12.FI.3", "title": "Institutional services", "description": "Develop a plan using financial-institution services for long-term personal and family goals.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 34" }, { "code": "9.1.12.FI.4", "title": "Comparing financial products", "description": "Research benefits and drawbacks of products from financial and non-financial companies.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 34" } ] }, { "name": "Financial Psychology", "summary": "The complete grade 12 strand examines values, goals, gratification, money beliefs, biases, culture, and information quality.", "standards": [ { "code": "9.1.12.FP.1", "title": "Values-based plan", "description": "Create a long-term financial plan aligned with personal values.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 34" }, { "code": "9.1.12.FP.2", "title": "Changing goals", "description": "Explain how values and goals change across a lifetime and require plan adjustments.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 34" }, { "code": "9.1.12.FP.3", "title": "Delayed gratification", "description": "Relate delayed gratification to meeting goals, investing, and building wealth.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 34" }, { "code": "9.1.12.FP.4", "title": "Money scripts", "description": "Identify how unconscious money beliefs influence financial decisions.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 34" }, { "code": "9.1.12.FP.5", "title": "Behavioral bias", "description": "Evaluate how overconfidence, confirmation, recency, loss aversion, and other biases affect decisions.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 34" }, { "code": "9.1.12.FP.6", "title": "Family and culture", "description": "Evaluate familial patterns, cultural traditions, and historical influences on financial practices.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 34" }, { "code": "9.1.12.FP.7", "title": "Financial information", "description": "Determine how objective, accurate, current sources affect the prioritization of financial decisions.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 34" } ] }, { "name": "Planning and Budgeting", "summary": "The complete grade 12 strand covers saving, investing, alternatives, budgets, changing conditions, and interest and fees.", "standards": [ { "code": "9.1.12.PB.1", "title": "Saving and investing", "description": "Explain the difference between saving and investing.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 35" }, { "code": "9.1.12.PB.2", "title": "Prioritizing decisions", "description": "Prioritize financial decisions by considering alternatives and consequences.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 35" }, { "code": "9.1.12.PB.3", "title": "Personal budget", "description": "Design a personal budget for long- and short-term goals.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 35" }, { "code": "9.1.12.PB.4", "title": "Budget revisions", "description": "Explain how to revise a budget for changing circumstances.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 35" }, { "code": "9.1.12.PB.5", "title": "Taxes, inflation, and budgets", "description": "Analyze how taxes, inflation, and personal circumstances affect a budget.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 35" }, { "code": "9.1.12.PB.6", "title": "Interest and fees", "description": "Describe and calculate interest and fees applied to spending, debt, and saving.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 35" } ] }, { "name": "Risk Management and Insurance", "summary": "The complete grade 12 strand addresses retirement, investments, insurance comparison, public coverage, self-insurance, property coverage, and adequacy.", "standards": [ { "code": "9.1.12.RM.1", "title": "Retirement income", "description": "Describe Social Security, employer retirement plans, and personal investments as retirement income sources.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 35" }, { "code": "9.1.12.RM.2", "title": "Investment objectives", "description": "Identify investments suitable for liquidity, income, growth, and other objectives.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 35" }, { "code": "9.1.12.RM.3", "title": "Insurance comparison and claims", "description": "Compare insurance costs, cost-reduction strategies, and claims processes.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 35" }, { "code": "9.1.12.RM.4", "title": "Government insurance", "description": "Determine when government-provided insurance may be appropriate.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 35" }, { "code": "9.1.12.RM.5", "title": "Self-insurance", "description": "Explain self-insurance and when it may be appropriate.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 35" }, { "code": "9.1.12.RM.6", "title": "Renters and homeowners insurance", "description": "Differentiate costs, benefits, riders, deductibles, and umbrella features.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 35" }, { "code": "9.1.12.RM.7", "title": "Coverage adequacy", "description": "Evaluate individual and family insurance needs through opportunity-cost analysis.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "nj-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 36" } ] } ], "policyTimeline": [ { "date": "2009-06-17", "event": "The State Board adopted the 2.5-credit high-school financial literacy requirement.", "sourceId": "nj-finlit-page" }, { "date": "2010-11", "event": "The high-school requirement began with the grade-nine class.", "sourceId": "nj-finlit-page" }, { "date": "2019-01-03", "event": "P.L. 2018, c. 167 required financial literacy instruction in each of grades 6 through 8.", "sourceId": "nj-middle-school-law" }, { "date": "2019-20", "event": "The middle-school requirement took effect.", "sourceId": "nj-middle-school-law" }, { "date": "2020-06", "event": "The State Board adopted the current Standard 9.1 Personal Financial Literacy performance expectations.", "sourceId": "nj-standards" } ], "lawsAndRules": [ { "identifier": "N.J.A.C. 6A:8-5.1(a)1v", "title": "High school graduation requirements", "summary": "Requires at least 2.5 credits in financial, economic, business, and entrepreneurial literacy within the 120-credit diploma program.", "officialUrl": "https://www.nj.gov/education/code/current/title6a/chap8.pdf", "effectiveDate": "2009-06-17", "sourceId": "nj-regulation" }, { "identifier": "N.J.S.A. 18A:35-4.34", "title": "Middle school financial literacy instruction", "summary": "Requires instruction in each of grades 6, 7, and 8 beginning in 2019-20.", "officialUrl": "https://pub.njleg.gov/bills/2018/PL18/167_.HTM", "effectiveDate": "2019-01-03", "sourceId": "nj-middle-school-law" } ], "educatorNotes": [ { "text": "For high school, align the 2.5 credits to Standard 9.1 through a stand-alone half-year course, an approved Option Two experience, or one or more eligible integrated electives.", "sourceIds": [ "nj-finlit-page", "nj-regulation" ] }, { "text": "Provide separate, age-appropriate instruction in every middle-school grade from 6 through 8; a one-time middle-school unit does not match the statutory wording.", "sourceIds": [ "nj-middle-school-law" ] }, { "text": "Districts remain responsible for assessing student progress in non-state-tested standards and documenting substantial equivalency when an experience replaces a required course.", "sourceIds": [ "nj-regulation" ] } ], "sources": [ { "id": "nj-regulation", "title": "N.J.A.C. 6A:8 Standards and Assessment", "authority": "New Jersey Department of Education", "url": "https://www.nj.gov/education/code/current/title6a/chap8.pdf", "sourceType": "regulation", "publicationDate": "2025-11-03", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "N.J.A.C. 6A:8-5.1(a)1v and (a)2, PDF pages 25-30", "supports": [ "2.5-credit rule", "120-credit diploma", "individualized learning", "local assessment and equivalency" ], "excerpt": "At least 2.5 credits in financial, economic, business, and entrepreneurial literacy." }, { "id": "nj-finlit-page", "title": "9.1 Personal Financial Literacy", "authority": "New Jersey Department of Education", "url": "https://www.nj.gov/education/standards/clicks/finlit.shtml", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2026-04-13", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Frequently Asked Questions: credit requirement, completion pathways, assessment, and middle school", "supports": [ "2010-11 entering cohort", "stand-alone option", "Option Two", "integrated electives", "local assessment", "grades 6-8" ], "excerpt": "The 2.5 credit requirement ... may be met [by] a stand-alone, half-year course ... Option Two ... [or] one or more elective courses that integrate the content and skills." }, { "id": "nj-standards", "title": "2020 NJSLS 9.1 Personal Financial Literacy", "authority": "New Jersey Department of Education", "url": "https://www.nj.gov/education/standards/clicks/Docs/2020NJSLS-9.1FinancialLiteracy.pdf", "sourceType": "standards", "publicationDate": "2020-06", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Grade 12 performance expectations, PDF pages 31-36", "supports": [ "complete grade 12 standards", "eight content strands", "55 performance expectations" ], "excerpt": "9.1 Personal Financial Literacy by the End of Grade 12." }, { "id": "nj-middle-school-law", "title": "P.L. 2018, c. 167", "authority": "New Jersey Legislature", "url": "https://pub.njleg.gov/bills/2018/PL18/167_.HTM", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": "2019-01-03", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Section 1, N.J.S.A. 18A:35-4.34", "supports": [ "instruction in each grade 6-8", "2019-20 start", "required topics" ], "excerpt": "Beginning in the 2019-2020 school year, each school district shall incorporate ... financial literacy instruction to pupils enrolled in grades six through eight." }, { "id": "nj-s3462", "title": "Senate Bill 3462, First Reprint", "authority": "New Jersey Legislature", "url": "https://pub.njleg.state.nj.us/Bills/2026/S3500/3462_R1.HTM", "sourceType": "bill", "publicationDate": "2026-03-02", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "First Reprint and Senate Education Committee action; reported with amendments for second reading March 2, 2026", "supports": [ "pending proposal distinction", "proposed exclusive semester or trimester course", "last official action" ], "excerpt": "The State board shall require a school district to provide each high school student a one semester course, or one trimester course ... exclusively in financial literacy." }, { "id": "nj-a3123", "title": "Assembly Bill 3123", "authority": "New Jersey Legislature", "url": "https://pub.njleg.state.nj.us/Bills/2026/A3500/3123_I1.HTM", "sourceType": "bill", "publicationDate": "2026-01-13", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Introduced text; proposal remained introduced as of review", "supports": [ "similar pending Assembly proposal", "proposed semester course" ], "excerpt": "The State board shall require that a school district provide to each high school student a one semester course in financial literacy." } ], "faq": [ { "question": "Does New Jersey require financial literacy to graduate?", "answer": "Yes. A State-endorsed diploma requires at least 2.5 credits in financial, economic, business, and entrepreneurial literacy.", "sourceIds": [ "nj-regulation", "nj-finlit-page" ] }, { "question": "Does New Jersey require a stand-alone personal finance course?", "answer": "No. A stand-alone half-year course is one option, but students may also use approved Option Two learning or eligible electives that integrate Standard 9.1 content.", "sourceIds": [ "nj-finlit-page", "nj-regulation" ] }, { "question": "When did New Jersey's high-school requirement begin?", "answer": "It became effective with the 2010-11 grade-nine class after State Board adoption on June 17, 2009.", "sourceIds": [ "nj-finlit-page" ] }, { "question": "Is personal finance required in New Jersey middle schools?", "answer": "Yes. Beginning in 2019-20, districts must incorporate age-appropriate financial literacy instruction in each of grades 6, 7, and 8.", "sourceIds": [ "nj-middle-school-law", "nj-finlit-page" ] }, { "question": "What do New Jersey's financial literacy standards cover by grade 12?", "answer": "Standard 9.1 covers civic financial responsibility, credit and debt, credit profiles, economic and government influences, financial institutions, financial psychology, planning and budgeting, and risk and insurance.", "sourceIds": [ "nj-standards" ] } ], "relatedStates": [] }, { "name": "New Mexico", "abbreviation": "NM", "slug": "new-mexico", "jurisdictionType": "state", "lastReviewed": "2026-09-20", "researchStatus": "verified", "indexable": true, "seo": { "title": "New Mexico Personal Finance Standards & Requirements", "description": "New Mexico requires Economics with Personal Financial Literacy for the Class of 2029 and later. Review approved course options, credits, and standards.", "socialImage": "/icon-512.png" }, "summary": "New Mexico requires the Class of 2029 and later to complete personal financial literacy within the four-credit social studies program. Current PED guidance uses a 0.5-credit Economics with Personal Financial Literacy course or a full-credit Civics/Principles of Democracy alternative combining government, economics, civics, and personal finance. The state does not require a personal-finance-only course. Financial literacy must also be offered as both a mathematics option when aligned to mathematics standards and an elective, but one course credit cannot be counted in two graduation categories.", "summarySourceIds": [ "nm-hb171", "nm-graduation-manual", "nm-standards" ], "requirement": { "overallStatuses": [ "graduation_requirement", "integrated_requirement" ], "standaloneCourseRequired": false, "graduationRequirement": true, "creditRequirement": "Within four social studies credits: 0.5 credit of Economics with Personal Financial Literacy, or a full-credit approved combined government, civics, economics, and personal-finance alternative", "gradeLevels": [ "Grades 9-12", "Students entering grade 9 in 2025-26 and later" ], "effectiveDate": null, "effectiveSchoolYear": "2025-26 entering grade-9 cohort", "firstGraduatingClass": "2029", "assessmentRequired": null, "responsibleAgency": "New Mexico Public Education Department", "deliveryNotes": "PED identifies Economics with Personal Financial Literacy (2741) as required for graduation, with full-credit Civics/Principles of Democracy (2739) as an alternative covering both government/civics and economics/personal finance. A financial literacy course aligned to mathematics standards may instead earn mathematics credit, and a financial literacy elective must be offered, but a single credit cannot satisfy two graduation categories. Local boards may require additional units, and PED approval is required for coursework waivers.", "sourceIds": [ "nm-hb171", "nm-graduation-manual", "nm-standards" ] }, "standardsDocument": { "title": "6.29.11 NMAC — Social Studies Standards", "adoptingAuthority": "New Mexico Public Education Department", "adoptionDate": "2022-02-22", "effectiveDate": "2022-02-22", "officialUrl": "https://www.srca.nm.gov/parts/title06/06.029.0011.html", "sourceId": "nm-standards" }, "narrative": [ { "text": "New Mexico changed its diploma requirements through House Bill 171. For students entering grade 9 in 2025-26, the required four social studies credits must include government and economics and personal financial literacy, with civics in that course content. PED's current manual expressly identifies these students as the Class of 2029 and later.", "sourceIds": [ "nm-hb171", "nm-graduation-manual" ] }, { "text": "New Mexico does not require a personal-finance-only course. PED identifies 0.5-credit Economics with Personal Financial Literacy (2741) as the ordinary route and full-credit Civics/Principles of Democracy (2739) as an alternative that combines the government/civics and economics/personal-finance requirements.", "sourceIds": [ "nm-graduation-manual" ] }, { "text": "The state's current social studies rule, effective February 22, 2022, includes economics and personal financial literacy as one of six strands from kindergarten through high school. The high school economics section contains 13 specific personal financial literacy performance standards.", "sourceIds": [ "nm-standards", "nm-rule-adoption" ] }, { "text": "A financial literacy course aligned to mathematics standards may earn mathematics credit, and financial literacy must also be offered as an elective. Those options do not replace the required social studies content automatically: PED prohibits double counting one course credit across graduation categories and requires a waiver for departures from prescribed coursework.", "sourceIds": [ "nm-hb171", "nm-graduation-manual" ] } ], "domains": [ { "name": "High school economics personal financial literacy standards", "summary": "The current rule contains these 13 high school performance standards under the personal financial literacy anchor.", "standards": [ { "code": "6.29.11.18(A)(5)(a)", "title": "Economic well-being", "description": "Explain how and why people make choices intended to improve their economic well-being.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school economics", "sourceId": "nm-standards", "sourcePage": "NMAC §6.29.11.18(A)(5)(a)" }, { "code": "6.29.11.18(A)(5)(b)", "title": "Saving, credit, and investments", "description": "Compare the costs and benefits of saving, using credit, and making different financial investments.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school economics", "sourceId": "nm-standards", "sourcePage": "NMAC §6.29.11.18(A)(5)(b)" }, { "code": "6.29.11.18(A)(5)(c)", "title": "Managing risk", "description": "Evaluate why individuals accept, reduce, or transfer risk.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school economics", "sourceId": "nm-standards", "sourcePage": "NMAC §6.29.11.18(A)(5)(c)" }, { "code": "6.29.11.18(A)(5)(d)", "title": "Financial fraud", "description": "Investigate methods used to obtain personal information fraudulently.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school economics", "sourceId": "nm-standards", "sourcePage": "NMAC §6.29.11.18(A)(5)(d)" }, { "code": "6.29.11.18(A)(5)(e)", "title": "Payroll deductions", "description": "Identify voluntary and involuntary payroll deductions and explain how they affect net income.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school economics", "sourceId": "nm-standards", "sourcePage": "NMAC §6.29.11.18(A)(5)(e)" }, { "code": "6.29.11.18(A)(5)(f)", "title": "Budgeting", "description": "Prepare a spending plan showing income, saving, taxes, fixed expenses, and variable expenses.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school economics", "sourceId": "nm-standards", "sourcePage": "NMAC §6.29.11.18(A)(5)(f)" }, { "code": "6.29.11.18(A)(5)(g)", "title": "Credit-card payments", "description": "Evaluate credit-card payment options and the consequences of each choice.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school economics", "sourceId": "nm-standards", "sourcePage": "NMAC §6.29.11.18(A)(5)(g)" }, { "code": "6.29.11.18(A)(5)(h)", "title": "Credit scores", "description": "Describe how a credit score affects access to borrowing and the interest rate charged.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school economics", "sourceId": "nm-standards", "sourcePage": "NMAC §6.29.11.18(A)(5)(h)" }, { "code": "6.29.11.18(A)(5)(i)", "title": "Financing higher education", "description": "Identify strategies for financing higher education and accessing student aid through the FAFSA.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school economics", "sourceId": "nm-standards", "sourcePage": "NMAC §6.29.11.18(A)(5)(i)" }, { "code": "6.29.11.18(A)(5)(j)", "title": "Loan repayment", "description": "Calculate the total cost of repaying a loan under different interest rates and time periods.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school economics", "sourceId": "nm-standards", "sourcePage": "NMAC §6.29.11.18(A)(5)(j)" }, { "code": "6.29.11.18(A)(5)(k)", "title": "Mortgages and tribal land", "description": "Explain mortgages, why many buyers use them, and challenges associated with financing mortgages on tribal land.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school economics", "sourceId": "nm-standards", "sourcePage": "NMAC §6.29.11.18(A)(5)(k)" }, { "code": "6.29.11.18(A)(5)(l)", "title": "Investing and wealth", "description": "Explain how investments such as stocks, bonds, mutual funds, retirement accounts, and real estate may build wealth and meet goals.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school economics", "sourceId": "nm-standards", "sourcePage": "NMAC §6.29.11.18(A)(5)(l)" }, { "code": "6.29.11.18(A)(5)(m)", "title": "Insurance", "description": "Explain types of insurance and how insurance protects financial interests.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school economics", "sourceId": "nm-standards", "sourcePage": "NMAC §6.29.11.18(A)(5)(m)" } ] } ], "policyTimeline": [ { "date": "2022-02-22", "event": "The current social studies rule took effect with economics and personal financial literacy as a K-12 strand.", "sourceId": "nm-rule-adoption" }, { "date": "2024-02-09", "event": "House Bill 171 was signed as Laws 2024, Chapter 2.", "sourceId": "nm-bill-page" }, { "date": "2025-26 entering cohort", "event": "The revised 24-unit graduation framework begins, including personal financial literacy in the required social studies program.", "sourceId": "nm-hb171" }, { "date": "Class of 2029", "event": "PED identifies the first graduating class covered by the revised framework.", "sourceId": "nm-graduation-manual" } ], "lawsAndRules": [ { "identifier": "NMSA 1978 § 22-13-1.1(P); Laws 2024, Chapter 2", "title": "New Mexico graduation requirements", "summary": "Requires the 2025-26 entering grade-9 cohort and later to complete four social science units containing government and economics and personal financial literacy, and preserves elective and mathematics-course options.", "officialUrl": "https://www.nmlegis.gov/Sessions/24%20Regular/final/HB0171.PDF", "effectiveDate": null, "sourceId": "nm-hb171" }, { "identifier": "6.29.11 NMAC", "title": "Social Studies Standards", "summary": "Establishes economics and personal financial literacy as a K-12 strand and publishes 13 high school personal financial literacy performance standards.", "officialUrl": "https://www.srca.nm.gov/parts/title06/06.029.0011.html", "effectiveDate": "2022-02-22", "sourceId": "nm-standards" } ], "educatorNotes": [ { "text": "For the Class of 2029 and later, schedule Economics with Personal Financial Literacy (2741) or the approved full-credit Civics/Principles of Democracy alternative (2739); the elective-offering rule alone does not satisfy the required social studies content.", "sourceIds": [ "nm-hb171", "nm-graduation-manual" ] }, { "text": "Use all 13 high school personal financial literacy standards in the current social studies rule when mapping the government, economics, and personal financial literacy content.", "sourceIds": [ "nm-standards" ] } ], "sources": [ { "id": "nm-hb171", "title": "House Bill 171 — School Graduation Requirements, Final Version", "authority": "New Mexico Legislature", "url": "https://www.nmlegis.gov/Sessions/24%20Regular/final/HB0171.PDF", "sourceType": "bill", "publicationDate": "2024-02-09", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Section 1, §22-13-1.1(P)(2), (4), and (7); final act pages 8-10", "supports": [ "2025-26 cohort", "24 units", "integrated social science delivery", "mathematics option", "elective offering", "local discretion" ], "excerpt": "Four units in social science, which shall include ... government and economics and personal financial literacy." }, { "id": "nm-bill-page", "title": "2024 Regular Session — HB 171 School Graduation Requirements", "authority": "New Mexico Legislature", "url": "https://www.nmlegis.gov/Legislation/Legislation?Chamber=H&LegNo=171&LegType=B&year=24", "sourceType": "bill", "publicationDate": "2024-02-09", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Bill status and action history", "supports": [ "chaptered status", "governor signature", "Chapter 2", "final version" ], "excerpt": "Signed by Governor - Chapter 2 - Feb. 9." }, { "id": "nm-lesc-guide", "title": "2024 Quick Guide to New Mexico Education Laws and Budget", "authority": "New Mexico Legislative Education Study Committee", "url": "https://www.nmlegis.gov/Entity/Lesc/Documents/2024%20Quick%20Guide%20to%20New%20Mexico%20Education%20Laws%20and%20Budget.pdf", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2024", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "HB 171 bill summary", "supports": [ "required financial literacy", "government and economics unit", "24-unit framework", "implementation" ], "excerpt": "Requiring all students receive financial literacy in a required unit of government and economics/personal financial literacy." }, { "id": "nm-graduation-manual", "title": "High School Graduation Requirements Guidance — HB 171", "authority": "New Mexico Public Education Department", "url": "https://web.ped.nm.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/Graduation-Manual-HB171-V2-April-2025.pdf", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2025-04", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "PDF pages 6-9 and Appendix D, pages 41-46", "supports": [ "Class of 2029", "four social studies credits", "0.5-credit Economics with Personal Financial Literacy", "combined-course alternative", "no double counting", "waivers", "course codes" ], "excerpt": "Graduating class of 2029 and beyond. 24 total units required." }, { "id": "nm-standards", "title": "6.29.11 NMAC — Social Studies Standards", "authority": "New Mexico Public Education Department and State Records Center and Archives", "url": "https://www.srca.nm.gov/parts/title06/06.029.0011.html", "sourceType": "standards", "publicationDate": "2022-02-22", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "§6.29.11.6 and §6.29.11.18(A)(5)(a)-(m)", "supports": [ "K-12 strand", "complete high school standards", "13 performance standards", "effective date" ], "excerpt": "The student shall demonstrate an understanding of personal financial literacy by ..." }, { "id": "nm-rule-adoption", "title": "Adopted Rules — New Mexico Register, Volume XXXIII, Issue 4", "authority": "New Mexico State Records Center and Archives", "url": "https://www.srca.nm.gov/nmac-home/new-mexico-register/volume-xxxiii-issue-4/adopted-rules-issue-4/", "sourceType": "regulation", "publicationDate": "2022-02-22", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Public Education Department, 6.29.11 NMAC, Social Studies", "supports": [ "rule adoption", "effective date", "issuing agency" ], "excerpt": "Public Education Department | 6.29.11 NMAC | Social Studies." } ], "faq": [ { "question": "Does New Mexico require financial literacy to graduate?", "answer": "Yes for the Class of 2029 and later. The ordinary route is 0.5 credit of Economics with Personal Financial Literacy within the four required social studies credits.", "sourceIds": [ "nm-hb171", "nm-graduation-manual" ] }, { "question": "Does New Mexico require a stand-alone personal finance course?", "answer": "No. The ordinary course integrates personal financial literacy with economics, and a full-credit course combining government, civics, economics, and personal finance is an approved alternative.", "sourceIds": [ "nm-graduation-manual" ] }, { "question": "Can financial literacy count as mathematics credit in New Mexico?", "answer": "A financial literacy course may qualify as a mathematics unit when it meets state mathematics standards, but one course credit cannot be applied simultaneously to both mathematics and another graduation category.", "sourceIds": [ "nm-hb171", "nm-graduation-manual" ] }, { "question": "What do New Mexico's high school financial literacy standards cover?", "answer": "The 13 standards cover financial choices, saving and credit, risk, fraud, payroll deductions, budgeting, credit cards and scores, higher-education financing, loans, mortgages including tribal-land challenges, investing, and insurance.", "sourceIds": [ "nm-standards" ] }, { "question": "Which New Mexico students are covered by the new graduation framework?", "answer": "The revised requirements apply to the Class of 2029—students entering grade 9 in 2025-26—and later classes. Earlier cohorts remain under the requirements in effect when they entered high school.", "sourceIds": [ "nm-hb171", "nm-graduation-manual" ] } ], "relatedStates": [ "arizona", "colorado" ] }, { "name": "New York", "abbreviation": "NY", "slug": "new-york", "jurisdictionType": "state", "lastReviewed": "2026-09-20", "researchStatus": "verified", "indexable": true, "seo": { "title": "New York Personal Finance Standards & Requirements", "description": "Learn when New York public schools must provide personal finance instruction, how districts may deliver it, and what official NYSED sources require by grade band.", "socialImage": "/icon-512.png" }, "summary": "New York requires public schools to provide personal finance instruction across grades K–12, but it does not require a stand-alone personal finance course or a separate financial literacy credit for graduation. Grades 5–12 phase in beginning in 2026–27, starting with students entering grades 5 and 9; grades K–4 begin in 2027–28.", "summarySourceIds": [ "ny-regents-rule", "ny-faq", "ny-graduation" ], "requirement": { "overallStatuses": [ "integrated_requirement", "pending_or_phased" ], "standaloneCourseRequired": false, "graduationRequirement": false, "creditRequirement": null, "gradeLevels": [ "Grades K–4", "Grades 5–8", "Grades 9–12" ], "effectiveDate": "2026-03-25", "effectiveSchoolYear": "2026–27 for grades 5–12; 2027–28 for grades K–4", "firstGraduatingClass": "Class of 2030 (students entering grade 9 in 2026–27)", "assessmentRequired": null, "responsibleAgency": "New York State Education Department", "deliveryNotes": "Districts may use embedded instruction, stand-alone courses, or Career and Technical Education programming. New York does not prescribe a statewide personal finance curriculum, credit amount, minimum number of instructional minutes, or separate diploma requirement.", "sourceIds": [ "ny-regents-rule", "ny-faq", "ny-learning-objectives", "ny-graduation" ] }, "standardsDocument": { "title": "New York State Education Department Personal Finance Education Learning Objectives", "adoptingAuthority": "New York State Education Department", "adoptionDate": null, "effectiveDate": null, "officialUrl": "https://www.nysed.gov/sites/default/files/programs/standards-instruction/ny-personal-finance-learning-objectives_march-2026.pdf", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives" }, "narrative": [ { "text": "Section 100.2(c)(13) of the Commissioner’s regulations creates a statewide instructional requirement for public school students. Instruction must reach students by the end of grades 4, 8, and 12. NYSED clarifies that the first fully covered middle- and high-school cohorts enter grades 5 and 9 in 2026–27; students exiting those bands during that initial year may not yet have received the instruction.", "sourceIds": [ "ny-regents-rule", "ny-faq" ] }, { "text": "The rule is not a personal finance graduation-credit mandate. New York’s diploma rules still require 22 credits, including one-half credit each in economics and participation in government, while the new financial literacy requirement can be taught through several locally selected delivery models.", "sourceIds": [ "ny-graduation", "ny-regents-rule" ] }, { "text": "NYSED expressly states that it did not create new personal finance learning standards or adopt a national standards framework. Instead, the Department published grade-band learning objectives in five topic areas to guide the instruction that districts must provide.", "sourceIds": [ "ny-regents-rule", "ny-learning-objectives" ] }, { "text": "A pending bill, A5052, would create a different high school course and graduation requirement. As of this review, it remains in the Assembly Education Committee and is not current law, so it is not used to classify New York’s existing requirement.", "sourceIds": [ "ny-a5052" ] } ], "domains": [ { "name": "Grades K–4 personal finance learning objectives", "summary": "By the end of grade 4, students should receive instruction across budgeting, credit, income, risk, saving, and investing. Elementary implementation begins in the 2027–28 school year.", "standards": [ { "code": "K-4 1.1", "title": "Uses and forms of money", "description": "Explain what money is used for and identify common forms of money, including coins and bills.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 4", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "K-4 1.2", "title": "Counting money and making change", "description": "Demonstrate basic skills for counting money and making change.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 4", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "K-4 1.3", "title": "Needs, wants, and purchasing influences", "description": "Differentiate needs from wants and explain how price, peers, and advertising can influence purchases.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 4", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "K-4 2.1", "title": "Borrowing and lending", "description": "Describe the difference between borrowing and lending.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 4", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "K-4 2.2", "title": "Repayment expectations", "description": "Explain why borrowed money or property should be returned in full and may include an additional amount or condition.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 4", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "K-4 2.3", "title": "Trust and lending decisions", "description": "Explain why trust or responsibility may affect a person’s decision to lend to someone.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 4", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "K-4 3.1", "title": "Skills, experience, and work", "description": "Describe how knowledge, skills, and experience influence the jobs people perform.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 4", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "K-4 3.2", "title": "Earning money", "description": "Explain how people earn money by working and providing goods or services.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 4", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "K-4 3.3", "title": "Estimating income", "description": "Estimate income from an age-appropriate activity or small business.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 4", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "K-4 4.1", "title": "Financial risks", "description": "Identify risks such as illness, injury, damage, job loss, or theft that can create financial costs.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 4", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "K-4 4.2", "title": "Preparing for risk", "description": "Recommend ways to reduce or prepare for risk through planning, emergency saving, or safety precautions.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 4", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "K-4 5.1", "title": "Purpose of saving", "description": "Describe saving as setting money aside for future needs or goals.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 4", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "K-4 5.2", "title": "Purpose of investing", "description": "Describe investing as using money in ways that allow it to grow over time.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 4", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "K-4 5.3", "title": "Short-term savings plan", "description": "Set a short-term goal and create a hypothetical savings plan with a defined time frame.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 4", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" } ] }, { "name": "Grades 5–8 personal finance learning objectives", "summary": "By the end of grade 8, students should be able to apply financial decision-making to budgets, credit, careers, insurance, identity protection, saving, and investing. Implementation begins in 2026–27.", "standards": [ { "code": "5-8 1.1", "title": "Needs, wants, values, and goals", "description": "Distinguish financial needs, wants, values, and goals and explain how they affect spending and saving.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 8", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" }, { "code": "5-8 1.2", "title": "Different outcomes from similar income", "description": "Analyze how priorities, obligations, unexpected expenses, access to resources, and decisions can produce different financial outcomes.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 8", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" }, { "code": "5-8 1.3", "title": "Hypothetical budget", "description": "Create a budget for hypothetical income that includes planned expenses and saving.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 8", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" }, { "code": "5-8 1.4", "title": "Evaluating consumer information", "description": "Assess the credibility, accuracy, and bias of information about goods and services, including ads and online content.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 8", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" }, { "code": "5-8 1.5", "title": "External influences on choices", "description": "Explain how peers, advertising, technology, and economic conditions shape consumer choices and finances.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 8", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" }, { "code": "5-8 1.6", "title": "Payment methods", "description": "Compare cash, checks, credit cards, and digital payment apps, including benefits, risks, and consumer protections.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 8", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" }, { "code": "5-8 2.1", "title": "Deciding whether to use credit", "description": "Examine needs, wants, simple interest, fees, repayment terms, and responsibilities when considering credit.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 8", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" }, { "code": "5-8 2.2", "title": "Costs and benefits of credit", "description": "Explain when financing a purchase with credit may be helpful or harmful.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 8", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" }, { "code": "5-8 2.3", "title": "Reducing credit-card interest", "description": "Explain how paying balances in full and on time and understanding billing cycles can reduce interest charges.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 8", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" }, { "code": "5-8 2.4", "title": "Late-payment consequences", "description": "Describe how missed or late payments can change rates, trigger fees, and increase long-term costs.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 8", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" }, { "code": "5-8 3.1", "title": "Career preparation and earnings", "description": "Compare education, training, and skills for multiple careers and connect them to earning potential.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 8", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" }, { "code": "5-8 3.2", "title": "Gross and net income", "description": "Analyze gross and net income and the effects of taxes, Social Security, Medicare, and other deductions.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 8", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" }, { "code": "5-8 3.3", "title": "Purposes of taxes", "description": "Explain how taxes reduce take-home pay and fund public services.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 8", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" }, { "code": "5-8 4.1", "title": "Planning, insurance, and loss", "description": "Explain how planning and insurance can reduce the financial effects of unexpected events.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 8", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 7" }, { "code": "5-8 4.2", "title": "How insurance works", "description": "Describe premiums, coverage, shared risk, and the basic purpose of insurance.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 8", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 7" }, { "code": "5-8 4.3", "title": "Extended warranties", "description": "Analyze the costs and benefits of an extended warranty for a specific product.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 8", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 7" }, { "code": "5-8 4.4", "title": "Identity-theft prevention", "description": "Identify common identity-theft methods and recommend ways to protect personal and financial information.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 8", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 7" }, { "code": "5-8 5.1", "title": "Reasons to save", "description": "Identify common reasons for saving and create a simple one-year savings plan.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 8", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 7" }, { "code": "5-8 5.2", "title": "Principal and interest", "description": "Differentiate investment principal from interest and explain how money grows over time.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 8", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 7" }, { "code": "5-8 5.3", "title": "Comparing savings rates", "description": "Compare savings-account rates and show how a higher rate can help reach a goal sooner.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 8", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 7" }, { "code": "5-8 5.4", "title": "Investment assets", "description": "Compare potential benefits and risks of stocks, mutual funds, real estate, and cryptocurrency.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 8", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 7" }, { "code": "5-8 5.5", "title": "Benefits of starting early", "description": "Explain why beginning to save or invest earlier can increase returns over time.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 8", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 7" }, { "code": "5-8 5.6", "title": "Diversification", "description": "Explain how spreading money among different assets can reduce investment risk.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 8", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 7" } ] }, { "name": "Grades 9–12 personal finance learning objectives", "summary": "By the end of grade 12, students should have meaningful opportunities to apply personal finance knowledge to adult decisions involving housing, borrowing, education, work, taxes, insurance, banking, and investing.", "standards": [ { "code": "9-12 1.1", "title": "Managing a budget", "description": "Develop and manage a budget with necessary spending, desired spending, saving, and fixed and variable expenses.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 9" }, { "code": "9-12 1.2", "title": "Evaluating purchases", "description": "Analyze cost, features, personal benefit, environmental or social impact, marketing, and social-media influence.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 9" }, { "code": "9-12 1.3", "title": "Renting and buying housing", "description": "Compare housing options, costs, responsibilities, and key lease terms.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 9" }, { "code": "9-12 1.4", "title": "Charitable giving decisions", "description": "Assess charitable giving and strategies for evaluating organizations when donating money, goods, or time.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 9" }, { "code": "9-12 2.1", "title": "Good and bad debt", "description": "Compare productive and harmful debt and explain how rates, repayment behavior, and changing circumstances affect debt.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 9" }, { "code": "9-12 2.2", "title": "Credit-card options", "description": "Analyze annual percentage rates, fees, billing cycles, rewards, and strategies for avoiding penalties and higher rates.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 9" }, { "code": "9-12 2.3", "title": "Secured and unsecured loans", "description": "Distinguish secured from unsecured loans and explain collateral and the consequences of nonpayment.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 9" }, { "code": "9-12 2.4", "title": "Paying for postsecondary education", "description": "Compare federal and private student loans, including applications, rates, repayment rules, and total costs.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 9" }, { "code": "9-12 2.5", "title": "Financial aid and FAFSA", "description": "Identify grants, scholarships, work-study, New York TAP, and reasons to complete the FAFSA.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 9" }, { "code": "9-12 2.6", "title": "Credit reports and scores", "description": "Explain credit reports, credit-score factors, credit building, report uses, and access to free reports.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 9" }, { "code": "9-12 2.7", "title": "Consequences of unpaid debt", "description": "Analyze how unpaid debt affects credit, employment, housing, and financial well-being and identify sources of help.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 9" }, { "code": "9-12 2.8", "title": "Alternative financial services", "description": "Assess payday loans and check-cashing services and compare them with traditional banking and credit.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 9" }, { "code": "9-12 3.1", "title": "Employee benefits", "description": "Compare health insurance, retirement plans, paid leave, wages, and salaries when evaluating jobs.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 10" }, { "code": "9-12 3.2", "title": "Income and non-income job factors", "description": "Evaluate job stability, work-life balance, working conditions, advancement, and income in career decisions.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 10" }, { "code": "9-12 3.3", "title": "Education, employment, and earnings", "description": "Compare earnings and unemployment across careers and levels of education, credentials, and training.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 10" }, { "code": "9-12 3.4", "title": "Economic conditions and careers", "description": "Explain how inflation, recession, technology, and regional demand affect income and employment.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 10" }, { "code": "9-12 3.5", "title": "Gig work and business ownership", "description": "Evaluate the benefits and drawbacks of gig employment and owning a small business.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 10" }, { "code": "9-12 3.6", "title": "Completing a tax return", "description": "Complete a sample tax return using a hypothetical W-2 and fictitious information.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 10" }, { "code": "9-12 3.7", "title": "Taxes and payroll deductions", "description": "Describe federal and state income taxes, Social Security, Medicare, and other pay-stub deductions.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 10" }, { "code": "9-12 4.1", "title": "Types of insurance", "description": "Explain the costs, purposes, and coverage considerations of auto, health, life, disability, home, and renters insurance.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 10" }, { "code": "9-12 4.2", "title": "New York auto liability insurance", "description": "Describe New York’s minimum auto liability coverage and evaluate whether it covers typical accident losses.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 10" }, { "code": "9-12 4.3", "title": "Health-insurance options", "description": "Compare health-coverage sources and analyze premiums, deductibles, copayments, coinsurance, and insurance fraud.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 10" }, { "code": "9-12 4.4", "title": "Digital and communications fraud", "description": "Evaluate how online behavior, scams, telemarketers, and other methods increase vulnerability to fraud and identity theft.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 10" }, { "code": "9-12 4.5", "title": "Responding to identity theft and fraud", "description": "Discuss ways to reduce identity-theft and fraud risk and steps to take after an incident.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 10" }, { "code": "9-12 5.1", "title": "Saving and investing", "description": "Differentiate saving from investing and explain how each supports short- and long-term goals.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 11" }, { "code": "9-12 5.2", "title": "Strategies for saving goals", "description": "Identify saving strategies that account for social, emotional, and behavioral obstacles.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 11" }, { "code": "9-12 5.3", "title": "Comparing financial accounts", "description": "Compare rates, fees, and features of savings, checking, money-market, high-yield, and mobile-only accounts.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 11" }, { "code": "9-12 5.4", "title": "Opening and managing an account", "description": "Explain how to open and manage a bank account, set up direct deposit, and use digital financial tools.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 11" }, { "code": "9-12 5.5", "title": "Time and investing", "description": "Evaluate how investing earlier rather than later affects long-term wealth accumulation.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 11" }, { "code": "9-12 5.6", "title": "Tax-advantaged accounts", "description": "Compare 529 plans, education savings accounts, IRAs, 401(k)s, pensions, and health savings accounts.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 11" }, { "code": "9-12 5.7", "title": "Investment options", "description": "Compare stocks, bonds, index funds, mutual funds, cryptocurrency, and real estate by risk, return, liquidity, and volatility.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 11" }, { "code": "9-12 5.8", "title": "Personal investment goals", "description": "Set investment goals using timeline, income, risk tolerance, and diversification.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 11" }, { "code": "9-12 5.9", "title": "Consumer remedies", "description": "Describe consumer rights and remedies for financial disputes, including the Bureau of Consumer Protection and Small Claims Court.", "gradeOrCourse": "By the end of grade 12", "sourceId": "ny-learning-objectives", "sourcePage": "PDF page 11" } ] } ], "policyTimeline": [ { "date": "2026-03-10", "event": "The Board of Regents adopted the amendment to section 100.2(c) as a permanent rule.", "sourceId": "ny-regents-rule" }, { "date": "2026-03-25", "event": "The personal finance instruction regulation became permanently effective.", "sourceId": "ny-adopted-rule" }, { "date": "2026–27", "event": "Public schools must begin instruction for the grades 5–8 and 9–12 bands.", "sourceId": "ny-nysed-guidance" }, { "date": "2030", "event": "Students entering grade 9 in 2026–27 are the first high-school cohort that must receive the instruction by the end of grade 12.", "sourceId": "ny-faq" }, { "date": "2027–28", "event": "Public schools must begin instruction for the K–4 grade band.", "sourceId": "ny-nysed-guidance" }, { "date": "2026–29", "event": "Districts and charter schools submit annual implementation verification during the three-year phase-in.", "sourceId": "ny-nysed-guidance" } ], "lawsAndRules": [ { "identifier": "8 NYCRR §100.2(c)(13)", "title": "Instruction in personal finance education", "summary": "Requires personal finance instruction for all public school students by the end of each K–4, 5–8, and 9–12 grade band and establishes the phased start dates.", "officialUrl": "https://www.regents.nysed.gov/sites/regents/files/326brca5revised.pdf", "effectiveDate": "2026-03-25", "sourceId": "ny-regents-rule" }, { "identifier": "A5052 (2025–2026)", "title": "Proposed high school financial literacy course", "summary": "This pending bill would add a prescribed high school financial literacy course and graduation condition, but it remains in committee and is not part of current law.", "officialUrl": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/bills/2025/A5052", "effectiveDate": null, "sourceId": "ny-a5052" } ], "educatorNotes": [ { "text": "Plan separately for all three grade bands. Completing high school instruction does not replace the middle-school objectives, and accelerated eighth-grade students still need the middle-band objectives before leaving grade 7.", "sourceIds": [ "ny-regents-rule" ] }, { "text": "Choose delivery locally. Embedded instruction, a stand-alone course, and qualifying CTE programming are all recognized options when the five topic areas and grade-band objectives are addressed.", "sourceIds": [ "ny-regents-rule", "ny-nysed-guidance" ] }, { "text": "Do not treat the NYSED objectives as a prescribed curriculum or a newly adopted personal finance standards framework; local schools determine curriculum, sequence, assessment, and staffing within certification rules.", "sourceIds": [ "ny-learning-objectives", "ny-regents-rule" ] } ], "sources": [ { "id": "ny-regents-rule", "title": "Proposed Amendment of Section 100.2 to Require Instruction in Personal Finance Education and Climate Education", "authority": "New York State Board of Regents", "url": "https://www.regents.nysed.gov/sites/regents/files/326brca5revised.pdf", "sourceType": "board_action", "publicationDate": "2026-02-26", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Attachment A, §100.2(c)(13), PDF pages 5–6; public-comment responses, pages 9–12", "supports": [ "required grade bands", "implementation dates", "delivery options", "no diploma course requirement", "local control" ], "excerpt": "The Department is not requiring personal finance coursework as a diploma requirement." }, { "id": "ny-adopted-rule", "title": "Regulations Adopted March 2026", "authority": "New York State Education Department Office of Counsel", "url": "https://www.counsel.nysed.gov/rules/2026-03", "sourceType": "regulation", "publicationDate": "2026-03-10", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "100.2 Personal Finance & Climate Education row", "supports": [ "adoption date", "filing date", "effective date" ], "excerpt": "Adopted 03/10/2026; effective 03/25/2026." }, { "id": "ny-nysed-guidance", "title": "Amendment of Section 100.2 to Require Instruction in Personal Finance Education and Climate Education", "authority": "New York State Education Department", "url": "https://www.nysed.gov/memo/standards-instruction/amendment-section-1002-regulations-commissioner-education-require", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2026-03-24", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Instructional Requirement; Local Implementation; Reporting Requirement", "supports": [ "phase-in schedule", "five topic areas", "delivery options", "district verification" ], "excerpt": "Instruction in personal finance education must be provided by the end of the last year of each grade band." }, { "id": "ny-faq", "title": "Personal Finance Education FAQ", "authority": "New York State Education Department", "url": "https://www.nysed.gov/standards-instruction/personal-finance-education-faq", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2026-03", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Questions 4–17, especially 5, 6, 9, 10, 12, and 17", "supports": [ "first fully covered cohorts", "students covered", "no new personal finance standards", "no diploma credit", "delivery options", "disability access" ], "excerpt": "For example, ninth grade students entering the high school grade band during the 2026-2027 school year must receive instruction in personal finance by the end of grade twelve." }, { "id": "ny-learning-objectives", "title": "Personal Finance Education Learning Objectives", "authority": "New York State Education Department", "url": "https://www.nysed.gov/sites/default/files/programs/standards-instruction/ny-personal-finance-learning-objectives_march-2026.pdf", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2026-03", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "PDF pages 2–11", "supports": [ "all 70 grade-band objectives", "five topic areas", "local sequencing and delivery" ], "excerpt": "NYSED does not mandate specific curricula." }, { "id": "ny-graduation", "title": "Graduation Requirements", "authority": "New York State Education Department", "url": "https://www.nysed.gov/standards-instruction/graduation-requirements", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Diploma Credit Requirements", "supports": [ "22-credit diploma framework", "economics credit", "no separate personal finance credit" ], "excerpt": "Students must meet both the credit requirements and the assessment requirements." }, { "id": "ny-a5052", "title": "Assembly Bill A5052: Requires high schools to provide a course in financial literacy", "authority": "New York State Senate Open Legislation", "url": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/bills/2025/A5052", "sourceType": "bill", "publicationDate": "2025-02-11", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Current Bill Status; bill text §802-b", "supports": [ "pending proposal distinguished from current law" ], "excerpt": "Current Bill Status - In Assembly Committee." } ], "faq": [ { "question": "Does New York require financial literacy instruction?", "answer": "Yes. Public schools must provide personal finance instruction in the K–4, 5–8, and 9–12 grade bands. The first fully covered middle- and high-school cohorts enter grades 5 and 9 in 2026–27; elementary implementation begins in 2027–28.", "sourceIds": [ "ny-regents-rule", "ny-faq" ] }, { "question": "Does New York require a stand-alone personal finance course?", "answer": "No. Districts may embed the content in subjects such as mathematics, social studies, or economics, offer a stand-alone course, or use qualifying CTE programming. The delivery choice is local.", "sourceIds": [ "ny-regents-rule", "ny-nysed-guidance" ] }, { "question": "Is personal finance a New York high school graduation requirement?", "answer": "New York requires the instruction by the end of grade 12, but it does not require a separate personal finance course or credit for a diploma. The statewide diploma framework still lists one-half credit in economics, not a separate personal finance credit.", "sourceIds": [ "ny-regents-rule", "ny-graduation" ] }, { "question": "Did New York adopt personal finance standards?", "answer": "NYSED did not create new personal finance learning standards or adopt national standards. It published 70 grade-band learning objectives across five topic areas to guide the required instruction.", "sourceIds": [ "ny-regents-rule", "ny-learning-objectives" ] }, { "question": "How much instructional time does New York require for personal finance?", "answer": "The regulation does not set a statewide number of minutes or a credit amount. NYSED states that instructional time will vary with the local implementation option.", "sourceIds": [ "ny-regents-rule" ] } ], "relatedStates": [] }, { "name": "North Carolina", "abbreviation": "NC", "slug": "north-carolina", "jurisdictionType": "state", "lastReviewed": "2026-09-20", "researchStatus": "verified", "indexable": true, "seo": { "title": "North Carolina Personal Finance Standards & Requirements", "description": "Learn North Carolina's one-credit Economics and Personal Finance graduation requirement, covered cohort, full course standards, and official sources.", "socialImage": "/icon-512.png" }, "summary": "North Carolina requires public-school students entering grade 9 in 2020-21 and later to pass a full-credit Economics and Personal Finance course for graduation. The 2019 law created the dedicated combined EPF course for the 2020-21 entering cohort, and current State Board graduation requirements continue it for later cohorts.", "summarySourceIds": [ "nc-session-law", "nc-statute", "nc-graduation" ], "requirement": { "overallStatuses": [ "standalone_course_required", "graduation_requirement" ], "standaloneCourseRequired": true, "graduationRequirement": true, "creditRequirement": "1 credit", "gradeLevels": [ "Grades 9-12" ], "effectiveDate": null, "effectiveSchoolYear": "Students entering grade 9 in 2020-21; continued for later cohorts by State Board graduation policy", "firstGraduatingClass": null, "assessmentRequired": null, "responsibleAgency": "North Carolina Department of Public Instruction", "deliveryNotes": "The course is one of four required social studies credits. Session Law 2019-82 makes the full-credit, passing-grade rule applicable to students entering grade 9 in 2020-21 and extends the financial-literacy requirement to charter, regional, and laboratory schools. Current State Board graduation policy continues EPF for later entering cohorts.", "sourceIds": [ "nc-session-law", "nc-statute", "nc-graduation", "nc-standards" ] }, "standardsDocument": { "title": "North Carolina Standard Course of Study: Economics and Personal Finance", "adoptingAuthority": "North Carolina State Board of Education", "adoptionDate": "2021-02-04", "effectiveDate": null, "officialUrl": "https://www.dpi.nc.gov/districts-schools/classroom-resources/office-teaching-and-learning/standard-course-study/social-studies/standard-course-study-supporting-resources", "sourceId": "nc-standards" }, "narrative": [ { "text": "North Carolina's answer is direct: covered students must pass one credit of Economics and Personal Finance to graduate. Session Law 2019-82 applies the statutory full-credit rule to students entering grade 9 in 2020-21; the current State Board graduation tables separately continue EPF among the four required social studies credits for students entering in 2021-22, 2026-27, and later.", "sourceIds": [ "nc-session-law", "nc-graduation" ] }, { "text": "The requirement is a dedicated combined course, not a pure personal finance semester and not a general integration rule. For the 2020-21 entering cohort, General Statutes section 115C-81.65 calls for a full-credit course focused solely on Economics and Personal Finance. The State Board standards address economics as well as income, education, money and credit management, financial planning, and critical consumerism.", "sourceIds": [ "nc-statute", "nc-standards" ] }, { "text": "The law also specifies content that must be included in the course standards: the true cost of credit, choosing and managing a credit card, borrowing for a vehicle or home, credit reports and scores, and paying for postsecondary education through financial aid and other resources.", "sourceIds": [ "nc-session-law", "nc-statute" ] }, { "text": "Two 2025 proposals did not change the current requirement: Senate Bill 393 would have added gambling-cost instruction, while House Bill 415 would have codified the existing four-course social studies sequence. Both remained in Senate committee as of the end of the 2025-26 session.", "sourceIds": [ "nc-s393", "nc-h415" ] } ], "domains": [ { "name": "Economics", "summary": "The complete economics strand covers markets, government and institutions, stabilization policy, and international interdependence.", "standards": [ { "code": "EPF.E.1", "title": "Economies and markets", "description": "Understand economies, markets, and the role economic factors play in making economic decisions.", "gradeOrCourse": "Economics and Personal Finance", "sourceId": "nc-standards", "sourcePage": "Official standards, Economics strand" }, { "code": "EPF.E.2", "title": "Stabilization policy", "description": "Analyze the role of government and economic institutions in developing and implementing economic stabilization policies in the United States.", "gradeOrCourse": "Economics and Personal Finance", "sourceId": "nc-standards", "sourcePage": "Official standards, Economics strand" }, { "code": "EPF.E.3", "title": "Government in a market economy", "description": "Understand the role of government in a market economy, including property rights, contracts, regulation, taxes, fees, goods, and services.", "gradeOrCourse": "Economics and Personal Finance", "sourceId": "nc-standards", "sourcePage": "Official standards, Economics strand" }, { "code": "EPF.E.4", "title": "Economic interdependence", "description": "Understand factors of economic interdependence and their impact on nations, including trade and North Carolina's place in national and world economies.", "gradeOrCourse": "Economics and Personal Finance", "sourceId": "nc-standards", "sourcePage": "Official standards, Economics strand" } ] }, { "name": "Income and education", "summary": "This strand connects education, career choices, income, lifestyle, postsecondary costs, payroll deductions, and taxes.", "standards": [ { "code": "EPF.IE.1", "title": "Education, income, career, and lifestyle", "description": "Analyze relationships among education, income, career, desired lifestyle, postsecondary costs, financing strategies, and types of income.", "gradeOrCourse": "Economics and Personal Finance", "sourceId": "nc-standards", "sourcePage": "Official standards, Income and Education strand" }, { "code": "EPF.IE.2", "title": "Taxes and income", "description": "Understand the purpose and function of taxes and their impact on income, including payroll deductions and federal, state, and local tax forms.", "gradeOrCourse": "Economics and Personal Finance", "sourceId": "nc-standards", "sourcePage": "Official standards, Income and Education strand" } ] }, { "name": "Money and credit management", "summary": "This strand covers budgets, housing decisions, financial institutions, payments, borrowing, debt, insurance, and estate planning.", "standards": [ { "code": "EPF.MCM.1", "title": "Money management", "description": "Understand money-management skills and strategies, including spending plans and the costs and benefits of renting, leasing, owning, and different mortgages.", "gradeOrCourse": "Economics and Personal Finance", "sourceId": "nc-standards", "sourcePage": "Official standards, Money and Credit Management strand" }, { "code": "EPF.MCM.2", "title": "Financial institutions", "description": "Understand the purposes and services of financial institutions, interest and fees, and cash, debit, payment applications, and credit-card transactions.", "gradeOrCourse": "Economics and Personal Finance", "sourceId": "nc-standards", "sourcePage": "Official standards, Money and Credit Management strand" }, { "code": "EPF.MCM.3", "title": "Informed financial decisions", "description": "Understand concepts that support effective resource planning, including credit sources, creditworthiness, debt, insurance, and estate planning.", "gradeOrCourse": "Economics and Personal Finance", "sourceId": "nc-standards", "sourcePage": "Official standards, Money and Credit Management strand" } ] }, { "name": "Financial planning", "summary": "The financial-planning strand addresses saving, investing, taxes, wealth building, and community giving.", "standards": [ { "code": "EPF.FP.1", "title": "Saving and investing", "description": "Understand the value and planning processes associated with saving and investing, including strategies, tax implications, planning factors, and philanthropy.", "gradeOrCourse": "Economics and Personal Finance", "sourceId": "nc-standards", "sourcePage": "Official standards, Financial Planning strand" } ] }, { "name": "Critical consumerism", "summary": "The consumer strand covers informed choices, advertising and social media, consumer information, protection laws, fraud, and deceptive practices.", "standards": [ { "code": "EPF.CC.1", "title": "Consumer decisions", "description": "Understand factors associated with consumer decision-making, including advertising, social media, business practices, information, reviews, reports, and economic effects.", "gradeOrCourse": "Economics and Personal Finance", "sourceId": "nc-standards", "sourcePage": "Official standards, Critical Consumerism strand" }, { "code": "EPF.CC.2", "title": "Consumer rights and responsibilities", "description": "Understand buyer and seller rights and responsibilities under consumer-protection laws and ways to recognize and avoid fraud and deceptive practices.", "gradeOrCourse": "Economics and Personal Finance", "sourceId": "nc-standards", "sourcePage": "Official standards, Critical Consumerism strand" } ] } ], "policyTimeline": [ { "date": "2019-07-08", "event": "Session Law 2019-82 created the full-credit Economics and Personal Finance graduation requirement.", "sourceId": "nc-session-law" }, { "date": "2020-21", "event": "The requirement began with students entering grade 9.", "sourceId": "nc-session-law" }, { "date": "2021-02-04", "event": "The State Board of Education adopted the current EPF standards.", "sourceId": "nc-standards" }, { "date": "2021-22", "event": "The current EPF standards were implemented beginning in fall 2021.", "sourceId": "nc-standards" }, { "date": "2025-26", "event": "Senate Bill 393 and House Bill 415 remained unenacted; neither changed the EPF graduation requirement or standards.", "sourceId": "nc-s393" } ], "lawsAndRules": [ { "identifier": "N.C.G.S. § 115C-81.65", "title": "Financial literacy", "summary": "Publishes both the generally applicable financial-literacy instruction text and the full-credit, passing-grade EPF text applicable to students entering grade 9 in 2020-21.", "officialUrl": "https://www.ncleg.gov/EnactedLegislation/Statutes/HTML/BySection/Chapter_115C/GS_115C-81.65.html", "effectiveDate": "2019-07-08", "sourceId": "nc-statute" }, { "identifier": "Session Law 2019-82", "title": "Economics and Personal Finance Act", "summary": "Establishes the entering-grade-nine cohort and applies the course requirement to public school units including charter, regional, and laboratory schools.", "officialUrl": "https://www.ncleg.gov/EnactedLegislation/SessionLaws/HTML/2019-2020/SL2019-82.html", "effectiveDate": "2019-07-08", "sourceId": "nc-session-law" } ], "educatorNotes": [ { "text": "Schedule one full credit of EPF for students who entered grade 9 in 2020-21 or later and ensure the student earns a passing grade. Use the current State Board graduation tables for cohorts after 2020-21 rather than extending the session law's one-cohort applicability clause.", "sourceIds": [ "nc-session-law", "nc-statute", "nc-graduation" ] }, { "text": "Use all five strands of the State Board standards; the statutory course is broader than a personal-finance-only class because economics is part of the same required credit.", "sourceIds": [ "nc-statute", "nc-standards" ] }, { "text": "Include the credit, loan, credit-report, and postsecondary-financing topics named directly in the statute when building the local curriculum.", "sourceIds": [ "nc-statute" ] } ], "sources": [ { "id": "nc-session-law", "title": "Session Law 2019-82", "authority": "North Carolina General Assembly", "url": "https://www.ncleg.gov/EnactedLegislation/SessionLaws/HTML/2019-2020/SL2019-82.html", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": "2019-07-08", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Sections 2(a)-(b), 4(a)-(d), and 7", "supports": [ "full-credit course", "passing grade", "2020-21 grade-nine cohort", "covered public school units", "effective date" ], "excerpt": "The requirements of G.S. 115C-81.65(b) ... shall apply to all students entering the ninth grade in the 2020-2021 school year." }, { "id": "nc-statute", "title": "N.C.G.S. § 115C-81.65 Financial literacy", "authority": "North Carolina General Assembly", "url": "https://www.ncleg.gov/EnactedLegislation/Statutes/HTML/BySection/Chapter_115C/GS_115C-81.65.html", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Subsections (a)-(c), including both applicability notes for subsection (b)", "supports": [ "general instruction", "2020-21 full-credit course", "course focus", "consumer topics", "passing-grade condition" ], "excerpt": "Applicable to students entering the ninth grade in the 2020-2021 school year ... a full-credit course focused solely on Economics and Personal Finance." }, { "id": "nc-graduation", "title": "High School Graduation Requirements", "authority": "North Carolina Department of Public Instruction", "url": "https://www.dpi.nc.gov/districts-schools/high-school-graduation-requirements", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Future-Ready and Occupational Course of Study tables for 2020-21, 2021-22 and beyond, and 2026-27 and beyond", "supports": [ "22-credit total", "one EPF social studies credit", "later cohorts", "occupational course pathway" ], "excerpt": "Four Social Studies credits ... Economics and Personal Finance." }, { "id": "nc-standards", "title": "Economics and Personal Finance Standard Course of Study", "authority": "North Carolina State Board of Education and Department of Public Instruction", "url": "https://www.dpi.nc.gov/districts-schools/classroom-resources/office-teaching-and-learning/standard-course-study/social-studies/standard-course-study-supporting-resources", "sourceType": "standards", "publicationDate": "2021-02-04", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Social Studies Standards > Economics and Personal Finance; EPF.E.1 through EPF.CC.2; linked standards document states Approved February 4, 2021", "supports": [ "complete current course standards", "five strands", "approval date", "fall 2021 implementation" ], "excerpt": "The Economics and Personal Finance course is intended to be a study of economics, personal finance, income and education, money management, critical consumerism, and financial planning." }, { "id": "nc-s393", "title": "Senate Bill 393: Betting and Addiction in Personal Finance Course", "authority": "North Carolina General Assembly", "url": "https://www.ncleg.gov/BillLookUp/2025/S393", "sourceType": "bill", "publicationDate": "2025-03-24", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Bill history and last action", "supports": [ "proposed gambling-cost topic", "unenacted status" ], "excerpt": "Last Action: Ref To Com On Rules and Operations of the Senate on 3/25/2025." }, { "id": "nc-h415", "title": "House Bill 415: Modify Math and Social Studies Graduation Requirements", "authority": "North Carolina General Assembly", "url": "https://www.ncleg.gov/BillLookup/2025/H415", "sourceType": "bill", "publicationDate": "2025-03-17", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Second edition and bill history; last action May 8, 2025", "supports": [ "proposed codification of four social studies credits", "EPF retained", "unenacted status" ], "excerpt": "Last Action: Ref To Com On Rules and Operations of the Senate on 5/8/2025." } ], "faq": [ { "question": "Does North Carolina require a personal finance course to graduate?", "answer": "Yes. Students entering grade 9 in 2020-21 or later must earn a passing grade in one full credit of Economics and Personal Finance.", "sourceIds": [ "nc-session-law", "nc-graduation" ] }, { "question": "Is North Carolina's requirement a stand-alone course?", "answer": "It is a dedicated combined EPF course. The statute calls for a full-credit course focused solely on Economics and Personal Finance, so it is not a personal-finance-only semester and is not satisfied by broadly embedding financial literacy in unrelated courses.", "sourceIds": [ "nc-statute" ] }, { "question": "How many credits of financial literacy does North Carolina require?", "answer": "One full credit in the combined Economics and Personal Finance course, counted among the four required social studies credits.", "sourceIds": [ "nc-statute", "nc-graduation" ] }, { "question": "What credit topics must North Carolina EPF cover?", "answer": "The statute names the true cost of credit, credit-card selection and management, borrowing for vehicles and homes, credit reports and scores, and postsecondary financing. The standards add budgeting, taxes, insurance, investing, consumer protection, and broader economics.", "sourceIds": [ "nc-statute", "nc-standards" ] }, { "question": "Which North Carolina students are covered?", "answer": "Session Law 2019-82 applies the statutory full-credit rule to students entering grade 9 in 2020-21 and extends the financial-literacy requirement to local school administrative units, charter schools, regional schools, and laboratory schools. Current State Board graduation requirements continue EPF for later entering cohorts.", "sourceIds": [ "nc-session-law", "nc-graduation" ] }, { "question": "Which graduating class was first covered in North Carolina?", "answer": "The official sources use the entering-grade-nine cohort, not a graduating-class label. They begin with students entering grade 9 in 2020-21, so this record does not substitute an inferred class year.", "sourceIds": [ "nc-session-law", "nc-graduation" ] } ], "relatedStates": [] }, { "name": "North Dakota", "abbreviation": "ND", "slug": "north-dakota", "jurisdictionType": "state", "lastReviewed": "2026-09-20", "researchStatus": "verified", "indexable": true, "seo": { "title": "North Dakota Personal Finance Standards & Requirements", "description": "North Dakota requires financial literacy through a half-unit option or integrated instruction, but does not separately make personal finance a diploma condition. Review all 49 high-school standards.", "socialImage": "/icon-512.png" }, "summary": "North Dakota requires each district to use a one-half-unit financial literacy option or provide ten personal finance topics through economics, Problems of Democracy, or an annually approved alternative course. This is a statewide curriculum and instruction mandate, not a separately stated personal finance diploma condition or a universal stand-alone course requirement. North Dakota also adopted its first stand-alone K-12 financial literacy standards in 2025, including 49 expectations for grades 9-12.", "summarySourceIds": [ "nd-code", "nd-standards", "nd-financial-literacy-page" ], "requirement": { "overallStatuses": [ "integrated_requirement", "pending_or_phased" ], "standaloneCourseRequired": false, "graduationRequirement": false, "creditRequirement": "0.5 unit of financial literacy, or required instruction integrated into an approved course", "gradeLevels": [ "High school", "Grades 9-12 standards" ], "effectiveDate": "2025-08-01", "effectiveSchoolYear": null, "firstGraduatingClass": null, "assessmentRequired": null, "responsibleAgency": "North Dakota Department of Public Instruction", "deliveryNotes": "Each district must require every student to complete one-half unit of financial literacy or ensure that economics or Problems of Democracy exposes students to all ten statutory personal finance topics. With written approval renewed annually, another course may be used if the district demonstrates that it reaches at least as many students. The regular classroom teacher may provide integrated instruction.", "sourceIds": [ "nd-code", "nd-hb1533", "nd-financial-literacy-page", "nd-graduation" ] }, "standardsDocument": { "title": "2025 North Dakota Financial Literacy Content Standards K-12", "adoptingAuthority": "North Dakota Department of Public Instruction", "adoptionDate": "2025-07", "effectiveDate": null, "officialUrl": "https://www.nd.gov/dpi/sites/www/files/documents/Academic%20Support/Financial%20Literacy%20Standards%202025.pdf", "sourceId": "nd-standards" }, "narrative": [ { "text": "North Dakota law gives districts two ways to meet the statewide financial literacy requirement. A district can require each student to complete a half unit of financial literacy, or it can include all ten required personal finance topics in economics or Problems of Democracy. This is required instruction, but section 15.1-21-21 does not separately make personal finance a condition for issuing a diploma and does not impose a statewide stand-alone-course rule.", "sourceIds": [ "nd-code", "nd-hb1533", "nd-graduation" ] }, { "text": "The ten required topics are budgeting and money management; saving and investing; credit and debt management; banking and financial services; taxation and income; consumer skills and smart spending; insurance and risk management; college and career financial planning; retirement planning; and entrepreneurship and economic concepts.", "sourceIds": [ "nd-code" ] }, { "text": "A district may ask the superintendent in writing each year to approve another delivery course. The district must show that the alternative will expose at least as many students as economics or Problems of Democracy, and the regular classroom teacher may teach the personal finance concepts inside that course.", "sourceIds": [ "nd-code" ] }, { "text": "North Dakota's 22-unit diploma framework lists economics or Problems of Democracy within the social studies requirement rather than listing a separate personal finance credit. House Bill 1533 changed the curriculum rule effective August 1, 2025, while the Department of Public Instruction completed the state's first stand-alone K-12 financial literacy standards that summer.", "sourceIds": [ "nd-graduation", "nd-hb1533", "nd-effective-date", "nd-standards-review", "nd-news" ] } ], "domains": [ { "name": "Grades 9-10 financial literacy standards", "summary": "North Dakota publishes 24 standards for grades 9-10 across financial awareness, money management, and risk management.", "standards": [ { "code": "9-10.FA.T.1", "title": "Describe the impacts of income tax, sales tax, and property taxes on…", "description": "Describe the impacts of income tax, sales tax, and property taxes on one's personal finances.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-10", "sourceId": "nd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 31-35" }, { "code": "9-10.FA.T.2", "title": "Analyze the impact of taxes on personal finances", "description": "Analyze the impact of taxes on personal finances.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-10", "sourceId": "nd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 31-35" }, { "code": "9-10.FA.FD.1", "title": "Describe emotional and behavioral aspects of financial situations", "description": "Describe emotional and behavioral aspects of financial situations.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-10", "sourceId": "nd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 31-35" }, { "code": "9-10.FA.FD.2", "title": "Identify tools available to examine financial options", "description": "Identify tools available to examine financial options.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-10", "sourceId": "nd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 31-35" }, { "code": "9-10.FA.FG.1", "title": "Explain how opportunity costs impact financial goals", "description": "Explain how opportunity costs impact financial goals.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-10", "sourceId": "nd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 31-35" }, { "code": "9-10.FA.EE.1a", "title": "Investigate the impacts of career choices and training costs on one's…", "description": "Investigate the impacts of career choices and training costs on one's financial opportunities.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-10", "sourceId": "nd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 31-35" }, { "code": "9-10.FA.EE.1b", "title": "Identify post-secondary education and training opportunities", "description": "Identify post-secondary education and training opportunities.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-10", "sourceId": "nd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 31-35" }, { "code": "9-10.MM.S.1", "title": "Identify the varying features of saving options", "description": "Identify the varying features of saving options.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-10", "sourceId": "nd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 31-35" }, { "code": "9-10.MM.S.2", "title": "Describe the impacts of saving money on one's financial future", "description": "Describe the impacts of saving money on one's financial future.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-10", "sourceId": "nd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 31-35" }, { "code": "9-10.MM.B.1", "title": "Describe elements to consider when making a budget", "description": "Describe elements to consider when making a budget.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-10", "sourceId": "nd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 31-35" }, { "code": "9-10.MM.B.2", "title": "Develop a budget to meet a spending goal", "description": "Develop a budget to meet a spending goal.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-10", "sourceId": "nd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 31-35" }, { "code": "9-10.MM.CD.1", "title": "Describe different types of credit", "description": "Describe different types of credit.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-10", "sourceId": "nd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 31-35" }, { "code": "9-10.MM.CD.2", "title": "Identify the terms and conditions associated with credit", "description": "Identify the terms and conditions associated with credit.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-10", "sourceId": "nd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 31-35" }, { "code": "9-10.MM.CD.3", "title": "Identify strategies to manage debt", "description": "Identify strategies to manage debt.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-10", "sourceId": "nd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 31-35" }, { "code": "9-10.MM.CD.4", "title": "Describe the factors that impact a credit score", "description": "Describe the factors that impact a credit score.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-10", "sourceId": "nd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 31-35" }, { "code": "9-10.MM.CD.5", "title": "Describe the positive and negative impacts of debt", "description": "Describe the positive and negative impacts of debt.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-10", "sourceId": "nd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 31-35" }, { "code": "9-10.MM.PB.1", "title": "Describe the risks and benefits of current and emerging payment options", "description": "Describe the risks and benefits of current and emerging payment options.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-10", "sourceId": "nd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 31-35" }, { "code": "9-10.MM.PB.2", "title": "Describe different financial institutions and the financial services…", "description": "Describe different financial institutions and the financial services provided by each.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-10", "sourceId": "nd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 31-35" }, { "code": "9-10.MM.I.1", "title": "Describe different investment options", "description": "Describe different investment options.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-10", "sourceId": "nd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 31-35" }, { "code": "9-10.MM.I.2", "title": "Describe the impact of compound interest on investments", "description": "Describe the impact of compound interest on investments.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-10", "sourceId": "nd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 31-35" }, { "code": "9-10.RM.IN.1", "title": "Describe the various types of insurance", "description": "Describe the various types of insurance.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-10", "sourceId": "nd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 31-35" }, { "code": "9-10.RM.IN.2", "title": "Describe ways and reasons levels of insurance coverage vary", "description": "Describe ways and reasons levels of insurance coverage vary.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-10", "sourceId": "nd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 31-35" }, { "code": "9-10.RM.F.1", "title": "Describe situations in which personal and financial information is…", "description": "Describe situations in which personal and financial information is shared digitally.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-10", "sourceId": "nd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 31-35" }, { "code": "9-10.RM.F.2", "title": "Explain how consumers can identify fraudulent behavior and practices", "description": "Explain how consumers can identify fraudulent behavior and practices.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-10", "sourceId": "nd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 31-35" } ] }, { "name": "Grades 11-12 financial literacy standards", "summary": "North Dakota publishes 25 standards for grades 11-12 that deepen the same three strands through calculation, comparison, analysis, and application.", "standards": [ { "code": "11-12.FA.T.1a", "title": "Calculate payroll withholding taxes", "description": "Calculate payroll withholding taxes.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 11-12", "sourceId": "nd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 36-40" }, { "code": "11-12.FA.T.1b", "title": "Identify the documents and forms necessary to complete an income tax return", "description": "Identify the documents and forms necessary to complete an income tax return.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 11-12", "sourceId": "nd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 36-40" }, { "code": "11-12.FA.T.2", "title": "Evaluate the effect of taxes on personal finances", "description": "Evaluate the effect of taxes on personal finances.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 11-12", "sourceId": "nd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 36-40" }, { "code": "11-12.FA.FD.1", "title": "Analyze emotional and behavioral aspects of financial decisions", "description": "Analyze emotional and behavioral aspects of financial decisions.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 11-12", "sourceId": "nd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 36-40" }, { "code": "11-12.FA.FD.2", "title": "Utilize the tools available to examine financial options", "description": "Utilize the tools available to examine financial options.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 11-12", "sourceId": "nd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 36-40" }, { "code": "11-12.FA.FG.1", "title": "Analyze the opportunity costs of financial decisions on short-term and…", "description": "Analyze the opportunity costs of financial decisions on short-term and long-term goals.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 11-12", "sourceId": "nd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 36-40" }, { "code": "11-12.FA.EE.1a", "title": "Assess career choices and the impact on financial opportunities", "description": "Assess career choices and the impact on financial opportunities.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 11-12", "sourceId": "nd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 36-40" }, { "code": "11-12.FA.EE.1b", "title": "Identify post-secondary education and training opportunities", "description": "Identify post-secondary education and training opportunities.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 11-12", "sourceId": "nd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 36-40" }, { "code": "11-12.MM.S.1", "title": "Compare the varying features of different saving options", "description": "Compare the varying features of different saving options.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 11-12", "sourceId": "nd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 36-40" }, { "code": "11-12.MM.S.2", "title": "Describe effective strategies to achieve different types of financial…", "description": "Describe effective strategies to achieve different types of financial objectives.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 11-12", "sourceId": "nd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 36-40" }, { "code": "11-12.MM.B.1", "title": "Identify the components of a budget", "description": "Identify the components of a budget.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 11-12", "sourceId": "nd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 36-40" }, { "code": "11-12.MM.B.2", "title": "Develop a budget and identify possible adjustments to improve its…", "description": "Develop a budget and identify possible adjustments to improve its effectiveness.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 11-12", "sourceId": "nd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 36-40" }, { "code": "11-12.MM.CD.1", "title": "Analyze different types of credit", "description": "Analyze different types of credit.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 11-12", "sourceId": "nd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 36-40" }, { "code": "11-12.MM.CD.2", "title": "Explain the terms and conditions associated with credit", "description": "Explain the terms and conditions associated with credit.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 11-12", "sourceId": "nd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 36-40" }, { "code": "11-12.MM.CD.3", "title": "Develop strategies to manage debt effectively", "description": "Develop strategies to manage debt effectively.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 11-12", "sourceId": "nd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 36-40" }, { "code": "11-12.MM.CD.4", "title": "Analyze the factors that impact a credit score", "description": "Analyze the factors that impact a credit score.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 11-12", "sourceId": "nd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 36-40" }, { "code": "11-12.MM.CD.5", "title": "Analyze the positive and negative impacts of debt on future financial…", "description": "Analyze the positive and negative impacts of debt on future financial decisions and opportunities.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 11-12", "sourceId": "nd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 36-40" }, { "code": "11-12.MM.PB.1", "title": "Evaluate the risks and benefits of current and emerging payment options", "description": "Evaluate the risks and benefits of current and emerging payment options.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 11-12", "sourceId": "nd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 36-40" }, { "code": "11-12.MM.PB.2", "title": "Describe different financial institutions and the financial services…", "description": "Describe different financial institutions and the financial services provided by each.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 11-12", "sourceId": "nd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 36-40" }, { "code": "11-12.MM.I.1", "title": "Compare investment options", "description": "Compare investment options.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 11-12", "sourceId": "nd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 36-40" }, { "code": "11-12.MM.I.2", "title": "Evaluate the impact of simple versus compound interest", "description": "Evaluate the impact of simple versus compound interest.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 11-12", "sourceId": "nd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 36-40" }, { "code": "11-12.RM.IN.1", "title": "Describe the protections offered by auto, health, homeowners, life, and…", "description": "Describe the protections offered by auto, health, homeowners, life, and renters' insurance.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 11-12", "sourceId": "nd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 36-40" }, { "code": "11-12.RM.IN.2", "title": "Compare the various levels of insurance coverage and the impact on…", "description": "Compare the various levels of insurance coverage and the impact on personal finance.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 11-12", "sourceId": "nd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 36-40" }, { "code": "11-12.RM.F.1", "title": "Explore the risks and dangers of sharing personal information in a…", "description": "Explore the risks and dangers of sharing personal information in a digital world.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 11-12", "sourceId": "nd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 36-40" }, { "code": "11-12.RM.F.2", "title": "Explain how consumers can identify and report fraudulent behavior and…", "description": "Explain how consumers can identify and report fraudulent behavior and practices.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 11-12", "sourceId": "nd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 36-40" } ] } ], "policyTimeline": [ { "date": "2025-04-24", "event": "The governor signed House Bill 1533, amending North Dakota's financial literacy instruction law.", "sourceId": "nd-hb1533" }, { "date": "2025-08-01", "event": "House Bill 1533 took effect by North Dakota's general rule for nonappropriation and nontax measures enacted in a regular session.", "sourceId": "nd-effective-date" }, { "date": "2025-07", "event": "The Department of Public Instruction approved North Dakota's first stand-alone K-12 financial literacy standards.", "sourceId": "nd-news" }, { "date": "2025-2027", "event": "The state implementation schedule for the 2025 financial literacy standards runs through the 2026-27 school year.", "sourceId": "nd-standards-review" } ], "lawsAndRules": [ { "identifier": "N.D.C.C. § 15.1-21-21", "title": "Financial literacy, concepts of personal finance, inclusion in curriculum", "summary": "Requires districts to use a half-unit option or provide all ten personal finance topics through economics, Problems of Democracy, or an annually approved alternative course.", "officialUrl": "https://ndlegis.gov/cencode/t15-1c21.html", "effectiveDate": "2025-08-01", "sourceId": "nd-code" }, { "identifier": "HB 1533, Chapter 193 (2025)", "title": "Financial literacy and concepts of personal finance curriculum", "summary": "Expanded and reorganized the statutory personal finance topics and preserved the half-unit or integrated-course delivery options.", "officialUrl": "https://ndlegis.gov/assembly/69-2025/session-laws/documents/ELEMN.pdf", "effectiveDate": "2025-08-01", "sourceId": "nd-hb1533" } ], "educatorNotes": [ { "text": "A district using the integrated option should document where all ten statutory topics appear in economics or Problems of Democracy.", "sourceIds": [ "nd-code" ] }, { "text": "Using a different course requires a written request and annual superintendent approval, plus evidence that the course reaches at least as many students as the statutory default courses.", "sourceIds": [ "nd-code" ] }, { "text": "Local curriculum work should use the 2025 standards and target full alignment for the 2026-27 school year.", "sourceIds": [ "nd-financial-literacy-page", "nd-standards-review" ] } ], "sources": [ { "id": "nd-code", "title": "North Dakota Century Code § 15.1-21-21", "authority": "North Dakota Legislative Branch", "url": "https://ndlegis.gov/cencode/t15-1c21.html", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Section 15.1-21-21, subsections 1-3", "supports": [ "half-unit option", "integrated instruction option", "ten required topics", "alternative-course approval", "classroom-teacher delivery" ], "excerpt": "Each school district shall require each student to complete one-half unit of financial literacy or ensure that its curriculum for either economics or problems of democracy includes the exposure of students to concepts of personal finance." }, { "id": "nd-hb1533", "title": "House Bill 1533 and Chapter 193, 2025 Session Laws", "authority": "North Dakota Legislative Branch", "url": "https://ndlegis.gov/assembly/69-2025/session-laws/documents/ELEMN.pdf", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": "2025-04-24", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Chapter 193, section 1", "supports": [ "2025 enacted amendment", "statutory delivery options", "required topic list" ], "excerpt": "Each school district shall require each student to complete one-half unit of financial literacy or ensure that its curriculum for either economics or problems of democracy includes the exposure of students to concepts of personal finance." }, { "id": "nd-bill-overview", "title": "HB 1533 Overview", "authority": "North Dakota Legislative Branch", "url": "https://ndlegis.gov/assembly/69-2025/regular/bill-overview/bo1533.html", "sourceType": "bill", "publicationDate": "2025-04-24", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Measure status and official actions", "supports": [ "passed status", "governor signature", "filing date" ], "excerpt": "Governor: Signed on 04/24." }, { "id": "nd-effective-date", "title": "General Information: Legislative Documents", "authority": "North Dakota Legislative Branch", "url": "https://ndlegis.gov/general-information", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Legislative Documents, Bills", "supports": [ "August 1 general effective date", "regular-session legislation" ], "excerpt": "The Constitution of North Dakota provides that bills adopted by the Legislative Assembly generally take effect August 1 after filing with the Secretary of State." }, { "id": "nd-standards", "title": "2025 North Dakota Financial Literacy Content Standards K-12", "authority": "North Dakota Department of Public Instruction", "url": "https://www.nd.gov/dpi/sites/www/files/documents/Academic%20Support/Financial%20Literacy%20Standards%202025.pdf", "sourceType": "standards", "publicationDate": "2025-07", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "PDF pages 31-40, grades 9-10 and 11-12", "supports": [ "49 high-school standards", "standard codes", "grade bands", "content strands" ], "excerpt": "Learners will develop an understanding of the basic principles and concepts needed to manage personal finances effectively and make informed financial decisions." }, { "id": "nd-financial-literacy-page", "title": "Financial Literacy", "authority": "North Dakota Department of Public Instruction", "url": "https://www.nd.gov/dpi/districtsschools/north-dakota-education-content-standards/financial-literacy", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Standards overview and implementation guidance", "supports": [ "current standards", "scope", "2026-27 full-alignment guidance", "link to current law" ], "excerpt": "Schools and districts are encouraged to become familiar with these new standards and should review and align local curriculum and instructional materials to implement them fully in 2026-2027." }, { "id": "nd-standards-review", "title": "Standards Review", "authority": "North Dakota Department of Public Instruction", "url": "https://www.nd.gov/dpi/districtsschools/north-dakota-education-content-standards/standards-review", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Financial Literacy row in standards review table", "supports": [ "summer 2025 completion", "2025-2027 implementation window" ], "excerpt": "Financial Literacy | 2024-2025 | Summer 2025 | 2025-2027." }, { "id": "nd-graduation", "title": "Academic and Career Planning: Graduation Requirements", "authority": "North Dakota Department of Public Instruction", "url": "https://www.nd.gov/dpi/educators/school-counselors/academic-and-career-planning", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Graduation Requirements, 22 units", "supports": [ "22-unit diploma", "economics or Problems of Democracy", "absence of separately listed personal finance credit" ], "excerpt": "To earn a high school diploma in North Dakota, 22 units of credit are required." }, { "id": "nd-news", "title": "ND Improves Grade In Financial Literacy", "authority": "North Dakota Department of Public Instruction", "url": "https://www.nd.gov/dpi/news/nd-improves-grade-financial-literacy", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2025-12-02", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Paragraphs describing HB 1533 and the first stand-alone standards", "supports": [ "agency interpretation", "July 2025 standards approval", "no stand-alone-course mandate" ], "excerpt": "This is the first time our state has developed a stand-alone set of standards specifically focused on financial literacy." } ], "faq": [ { "question": "Does North Dakota require financial literacy to graduate?", "answer": "Not as a separately stated personal finance diploma condition. State law requires districts to use a half-unit option or provide all ten topics through economics, Problems of Democracy, or an approved alternative course; the 22-unit diploma statute does not list a separate personal finance credit.", "sourceIds": [ "nd-code", "nd-graduation" ] }, { "question": "Does North Dakota require a stand-alone personal finance course?", "answer": "No. A district may use a half-unit financial literacy course, but state law also permits the required concepts to be integrated into economics, Problems of Democracy, or an annually approved alternative.", "sourceIds": [ "nd-code", "nd-news" ] }, { "question": "How much financial literacy instruction does North Dakota require?", "answer": "The stand-alone option is one-half unit. The integrated option must cover all ten statutory topic areas, but the reviewed law does not state a separate hour requirement for that pathway.", "sourceIds": [ "nd-code" ] }, { "question": "What do North Dakota's financial literacy standards cover?", "answer": "The grades 9-12 standards cover taxes, financial decisions and goals, education and careers, saving, budgeting, credit and debt, banking, investing, insurance, and fraud across 49 expectations.", "sourceIds": [ "nd-standards" ] }, { "question": "When should North Dakota schools fully implement the 2025 standards?", "answer": "The Department of Public Instruction encourages schools to align curriculum and instructional materials for full implementation in the 2026-27 school year.", "sourceIds": [ "nd-financial-literacy-page", "nd-standards-review" ] } ], "relatedStates": [] }, { "name": "Ohio", "abbreviation": "OH", "slug": "ohio", "jurisdictionType": "state", "lastReviewed": "2026-09-20", "researchStatus": "verified", "indexable": true, "seo": { "title": "Ohio Personal Finance Standards & Requirements", "description": "See Ohio’s half-credit financial literacy graduation requirement, 60-hour rule, class of 2026 coverage, exemptions, 2025 standards, and official sources.", "socialImage": "/icon-512.png" }, "summary": "Ohio requires students who first entered ninth grade on or after July 1, 2022 to earn one-half unit of financial literacy, equal to at least 60 hours of instruction, for graduation. The rule begins with the class of 2026. Students may apply the credit to an eligible mathematics or elective requirement, and state law provides limited AP, nonpublic-school, and locally adopted bank-program alternatives.", "summarySourceIds": [ "oh-graduation-law", "oh-finlit-faq", "oh-high-school-guidance" ], "requirement": { "overallStatuses": [ "graduation_requirement", "integrated_requirement" ], "standaloneCourseRequired": false, "graduationRequirement": true, "creditRequirement": "0.5 unit; at least 60 hours of instruction", "gradeLevels": [ "Grades 9–12", "Students entering grade 9 on or after July 1, 2022" ], "effectiveDate": "2022-07-01", "effectiveSchoolYear": "2022–23 entering ninth-grade cohort", "firstGraduatingClass": "Class of 2026", "assessmentRequired": null, "responsibleAgency": "Ohio Department of Education and Workforce", "deliveryNotes": "Students may apply the half-unit to an eligible mathematics requirement or to electives. AP Microeconomics or AP Macroeconomics may satisfy the requirement. A locally adopted policy may also excuse a student who completes an equivalent standards-aligned program through a qualified student branch or bank.", "sourceIds": [ "oh-graduation-law", "oh-finlit-faq", "oh-high-school-guidance", "oh-exemption-guidance" ] }, "standardsDocument": { "title": "Ohio’s Learning Standards for Financial Literacy, High School (Grades 9–12)", "adoptingAuthority": "Ohio Department of Education and Workforce", "adoptionDate": "2025-07", "effectiveDate": "2025–26 school year", "officialUrl": "https://education.ohio.gov/getattachment/Topics/Learning-in-Ohio/Financial-Literacy/Financial-Literacy-Standards/Fin-Lit-in-HS-Standards.pdf.aspx?lang=en-US", "sourceId": "oh-2025-standards" }, "narrative": [ { "text": "Ohio’s current graduation rule applies to students who first entered ninth grade on or after July 1, 2022. They must complete one-half unit of financial literacy, and Ohio defines one-half unit as at least 60 hours of course instruction. Department guidance identifies the class of 2026 as the first covered graduating class. The September 30, 2025 version of Section 3313.603 remains operative as of this review; the posted October 9, 2026 version does not alter these financial-literacy provisions.", "sourceIds": [ "oh-graduation-law", "oh-finlit-faq" ] }, { "text": "The credit can replace one-half unit of eligible mathematics or count within the elective requirement. It cannot replace Algebra I, Geometry, Algebra II, an end-of-course-exam mathematics course, or Advanced Computer Science, and students using Advanced Computer Science instead of Algebra II must apply financial literacy to electives.", "sourceIds": [ "oh-graduation-law", "oh-finlit-faq", "oh-high-school-guidance" ] }, { "text": "Ohio does not require one universal stand-alone course pathway. AP Microeconomics or AP Macroeconomics can satisfy the requirement. Certain chartered nonpublic-school students are exempt, and a local board may adopt a policy recognizing an equivalent, standards-aligned program offered through a bank or student credit-union branch.", "sourceIds": [ "oh-graduation-law", "oh-exemption-guidance" ] }, { "text": "The Department adopted revised high-school financial literacy standards in July 2025. The 26 content statements cover financial decision-making, planning, consumer decisions, investing, credit and debt, risk and insurance, and free-market capitalism; instruction for the graduation credit must align with the standards and model curriculum.", "sourceIds": [ "oh-2025-standards", "oh-standards-law", "oh-high-school-guidance" ] } ], "domains": [ { "name": "Financial Responsibility and Decision-Making", "summary": "Students connect financial responsibility with lifelong decisions about work, education, military service, income, deductions, and financial well-being.", "standards": [ { "code": "OH FL HS 1", "title": "Managing current and future choices", "description": "Financial responsibility includes accountability for managing money and using decision-making strategies that weigh alternatives and consequences.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school, grades 9–12", "sourceId": "oh-2025-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "OH FL HS 2", "title": "Earning potential and employability", "description": "Skills, work ethic, market competition, and business-cycle changes affect a person’s ability to work, earn, and increase wages.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school, grades 9–12", "sourceId": "oh-2025-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "OH FL HS 3", "title": "Education, employment, and military choices", "description": "Evaluate the costs and benefits of opportunities in education, employment, and military enlistment.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school, grades 9–12", "sourceId": "oh-2025-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "OH FL HS 4", "title": "Sources and variability of income", "description": "Understand income from work, entrepreneurship, saving and investments, government payments, grants, inheritances, and the possibility of monthly income changes.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school, grades 9–12", "sourceId": "oh-2025-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "OH FL HS 5", "title": "Net pay", "description": "Analyze how taxes, retirement, insurance, employment benefits, and voluntary and involuntary deductions affect take-home pay.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school, grades 9–12", "sourceId": "oh-2025-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" } ] }, { "name": "Planning and Money Management", "summary": "Students develop budgets, account for direct and indirect purchase costs, and plan for local, state, and federal taxes.", "standards": [ { "code": "OH FL HS 6", "title": "Personal budgeting", "description": "Develop and follow a personal budget as part of responsible financial planning.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school, grades 9–12", "sourceId": "oh-2025-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "OH FL HS 7", "title": "Total purchase costs", "description": "Include price and indirect costs such as sales or use tax, excise tax, shipping, handling, and delivery when planning purchases.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school, grades 9–12", "sourceId": "oh-2025-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "OH FL HS 8", "title": "Tax planning", "description": "Plan for local, state, and federal taxes and understand how credits and deductions may reduce tax liability.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school, grades 9–12", "sourceId": "oh-2025-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" } ] }, { "name": "Informed Consumer", "summary": "Students examine legal protections, contracts, financial institutions and professionals, consumer advocates, and fraud prevention in a free-market system.", "standards": [ { "code": "OH FL HS 9", "title": "Property rights and market protections", "description": "Understand legally protected property rights, enforceable contracts, patents, and government responses to market side effects and failures.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school, grades 9–12", "sourceId": "oh-2025-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 5" }, { "code": "OH FL HS 10", "title": "Financial documents and contracts", "description": "Interpret financial documents, lending terms and conditions, and contractual obligations.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school, grades 9–12", "sourceId": "oh-2025-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 5" }, { "code": "OH FL HS 11", "title": "Financial products and professional advice", "description": "Compare products and services from financial institutions and guidance offered by financial professionals.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school, grades 9–12", "sourceId": "oh-2025-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 5" }, { "code": "OH FL HS 12", "title": "Consumer protection", "description": "Use information from advocates, organizations, and consumer-protection laws to reduce fraud and loss.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school, grades 9–12", "sourceId": "oh-2025-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 5" } ] }, { "name": "Investing", "summary": "Students connect capital ownership, wealth creation, investment selection, risk, and government regulation to personal net worth and financial security.", "standards": [ { "code": "OH FL HS 13", "title": "Private ownership of capital", "description": "Recognize capital ownership through sole proprietorships, family businesses, corporations, banks, and private investor groups.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school, grades 9–12", "sourceId": "oh-2025-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 5" }, { "code": "OH FL HS 14", "title": "Wealth creation", "description": "Explain wealth creation through investments, asset appreciation and depreciation, equity exchange, and participation in open and closed markets.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school, grades 9–12", "sourceId": "oh-2025-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 5" }, { "code": "OH FL HS 15", "title": "Investment strategies", "description": "Consider diversification, risk tolerance, fees, taxes, and other factors when selecting investment strategies.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school, grades 9–12", "sourceId": "oh-2025-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 5" }, { "code": "OH FL HS 16", "title": "Financial-services regulation", "description": "Explain how government agencies regulate financial-services providers to protect people from harm.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school, grades 9–12", "sourceId": "oh-2025-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 5" } ] }, { "name": "Credit and Debt", "summary": "Students distinguish credit from debt and evaluate how responsible borrowing supports goals, budgets, creditworthiness, and wealth creation.", "standards": [ { "code": "OH FL HS 17", "title": "Credit and debt obligations", "description": "Distinguish a credit agreement from the debt obligation one party owes another.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school, grades 9–12", "sourceId": "oh-2025-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 5" }, { "code": "OH FL HS 18", "title": "Balancing credit and debt", "description": "Explain how responsible credit and debt management can support goals, budgets, and wealth creation.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school, grades 9–12", "sourceId": "oh-2025-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 5" } ] }, { "name": "Risk Management and Insurance", "summary": "Students develop strategies to protect income, assets, identity, and personal information and evaluate insurance within a broader risk-management plan.", "standards": [ { "code": "OH FL HS 19", "title": "Risk-management planning", "description": "Use risk-management strategies, including asset diversification, to protect against possible losses of income or property.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school, grades 9–12", "sourceId": "oh-2025-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" }, { "code": "OH FL HS 20", "title": "Identity and information protection", "description": "Apply safeguards that limit unauthorized access to identity and financial information.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school, grades 9–12", "sourceId": "oh-2025-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" }, { "code": "OH FL HS 21", "title": "Insurance strategy", "description": "Evaluate a comprehensive insurance strategy as protection against potential loss.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school, grades 9–12", "sourceId": "oh-2025-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" } ] }, { "name": "Free Market Capitalism", "summary": "Added in the 2025 revision, this strand addresses private ownership, entrepreneurship, market prices, profit, wealth creation, freedom, and market failures.", "standards": [ { "code": "OH FL HS 22", "title": "Privately owned factors of production", "description": "Explain private ownership of raw materials, labor, and capital in a free-market capitalist economy.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school, grades 9–12", "sourceId": "oh-2025-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" }, { "code": "OH FL HS 23", "title": "Entrepreneurship, innovation, and freedom", "description": "Explain how free markets foster entrepreneurship and innovation and often coexist with political and personal freedom.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school, grades 9–12", "sourceId": "oh-2025-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" }, { "code": "OH FL HS 24", "title": "Market prices and information", "description": "Explain how world markets aggregate exchanges and how prices communicate changing supply and demand information.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school, grades 9–12", "sourceId": "oh-2025-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" }, { "code": "OH FL HS 25", "title": "Profit and wealth creation", "description": "Explain how buyers and sellers seek gains, how valued goods and services create wealth, and how profit can be consumed, saved, reinvested, or distributed.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school, grades 9–12", "sourceId": "oh-2025-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" }, { "code": "OH FL HS 26", "title": "Market failures and side effects", "description": "Analyze how transactions can impose production, transportation, selling, or purchasing costs on people outside the exchange.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school, grades 9–12", "sourceId": "oh-2025-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" } ] } ], "policyTimeline": [ { "date": "2021-10-28", "event": "Senate Bill 1 established the half-unit financial literacy graduation requirement for students entering ninth grade on or after July 1, 2022.", "sourceId": "oh-graduation-law" }, { "date": "2022-07-01", "event": "The first covered students entered ninth grade, forming the class of 2026.", "sourceId": "oh-finlit-faq" }, { "date": "2024–25", "event": "Ohio’s financial literacy educator licensure requirements began applying to course assignments.", "sourceId": "oh-finlit-faq" }, { "date": "2025-07", "event": "The Department adopted revised high-school standards and model curriculum, including free-market-capitalism content.", "sourceId": "oh-2025-adoption" }, { "date": "2026-06-30", "event": "The Department released a model policy for the bank and student-branch program exemption authorized by state law.", "sourceId": "oh-exemption-guidance" } ], "lawsAndRules": [ { "identifier": "Ohio Rev. Code § 3313.603(A), (C)(3), (C)(8)–(9), (O)", "title": "High school graduation units and financial literacy", "summary": "Defines the 60-hour half-unit, identifies covered cohorts and credit use, permits AP Microeconomics or Macroeconomics, and authorizes limited exemptions.", "officialUrl": "https://codes.ohio.gov/assets/laws/revised-code/authenticated/33/3313/3313.603/9-30-2025/3313.603-9-30-2025.pdf", "effectiveDate": "2025-09-30 version reviewed", "sourceId": "oh-graduation-law" }, { "identifier": "Ohio Rev. Code § 3301.079(A)(2)(b)", "title": "Financial literacy and entrepreneurship standards", "summary": "Directs the Department to adopt K–12 financial literacy standards and add specified free-market-capitalism content in grades 9–12.", "officialUrl": "https://codes.ohio.gov/ohio-revised-code/section-3301.079", "effectiveDate": null, "sourceId": "oh-standards-law" }, { "identifier": "Ohio Rev. Code § 3313.6027", "title": "Financial literacy instruction for earlier cohorts", "summary": "Requires integrated financial literacy instruction for students who entered ninth grade between July 1, 2010 and June 30, 2022.", "officialUrl": "https://codes.ohio.gov/ohio-revised-code/section-3313.6027", "effectiveDate": "2023-10-03", "sourceId": "oh-earlier-cohort-law" } ], "educatorNotes": [ { "text": "Provide at least 60 hours of standards-aligned financial literacy for the covered cohort and record the half-unit as an eligible mathematics or elective credit under the student’s graduation plan.", "sourceIds": [ "oh-graduation-law", "oh-finlit-faq" ] }, { "text": "Use the revised July 2025 high-school standards, not the superseded 2018 high-school statements. The K–8 standards remain from the earlier adoption, while the high-school strand changed.", "sourceIds": [ "oh-2025-standards", "oh-standards-page" ] }, { "text": "Before applying an exemption, confirm the student and program meet the statutory criteria and that the local board or governing authority has adopted the required policy. The program must meet or exceed Ohio’s standards and provide the equivalent of at least one-half unit.", "sourceIds": [ "oh-graduation-law", "oh-exemption-guidance" ] } ], "sources": [ { "id": "oh-graduation-law", "title": "Ohio Revised Code Section 3313.603", "authority": "Ohio Legislative Service Commission", "url": "https://codes.ohio.gov/assets/laws/revised-code/authenticated/33/3313/3313.603/9-30-2025/3313.603-9-30-2025.pdf", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": "2025-09-30", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Divisions (A), (C)(3), (C)(8)–(9), and (O); operative version confirmed against the official version history", "supports": [ "60-hour definition", "half-unit graduation requirement", "credit application", "AP option", "nonpublic-school exception", "bank-program exemption" ], "excerpt": "For students who enter ninth grade for the first time on or after July 1, 2022, financial literacy, one-half unit." }, { "id": "oh-standards-law", "title": "Ohio Revised Code Section 3301.079", "authority": "Ohio Legislative Service Commission", "url": "https://codes.ohio.gov/ohio-revised-code/section-3301.079", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Division (A)(2)(a)–(b)", "supports": [ "standards authority", "free-market-capitalism content" ], "excerpt": "The department shall adopt standards and model curricula for instruction in ... financial literacy and entrepreneurship." }, { "id": "oh-earlier-cohort-law", "title": "Ohio Revised Code Section 3313.6027: Financial literacy instruction", "authority": "Ohio Legislative Service Commission", "url": "https://codes.ohio.gov/ohio-revised-code/section-3313.6027", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": "2023-10-03", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Full section", "supports": [ "requirements for pre-July 2022 ninth-grade cohorts", "integrated instruction" ], "excerpt": "Each school district and chartered nonpublic school shall integrate the study of economics and financial literacy." }, { "id": "oh-2025-standards", "title": "Ohio’s Learning Standards for Financial Literacy: High School", "authority": "Ohio Department of Education and Workforce", "url": "https://education.ohio.gov/getattachment/Topics/Learning-in-Ohio/Financial-Literacy/Financial-Literacy-Standards/Fin-Lit-in-HS-Standards.pdf.aspx?lang=en-US", "sourceType": "standards", "publicationDate": "2025-07", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Content statements 1–26, PDF pages 4–6", "supports": [ "all current high-school standards", "seven topic areas" ], "excerpt": "The content statements contain the essential academic knowledge and skills students will learn." }, { "id": "oh-high-school-guidance", "title": "Financial Literacy in High School", "authority": "Ohio Department of Education and Workforce", "url": "https://education.ohio.gov/Topics/Learning-in-Ohio/Financial-Literacy/Financial-Literacy-in-High-School", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2026-06-23", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Graduation Requirement; Standards; Exemption Model Policy", "supports": [ "cohort rule", "credit use", "standards alignment", "local exemption policy" ], "excerpt": "Students entering 9th grade on or after July 1, 2022, must earn one half credit of financial literacy." }, { "id": "oh-finlit-faq", "title": "Financial Literacy Frequently Asked Questions", "authority": "Ohio Department of Education and Workforce", "url": "https://education.ohio.gov/Topics/Learning-in-Ohio/Financial-Literacy/Financial-Literacy-Requirements-FAQs", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2025-09-04", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Student Requirements; General FAQs", "supports": [ "class of 2026", "60-hour minimum", "mathematics limits", "licensure" ], "excerpt": "One-half unit means a minimum of sixty hours of course instruction." }, { "id": "oh-exemption-guidance", "title": "Financial literacy instruction exemption model policy and guidelines", "authority": "Ohio Department of Education and Workforce", "url": "https://education.ohio.gov/Media/Ed-Connection/June-30-2026/Now-available-Financial-literacy-instruction-exemp", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2026-06-30", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Model policy supports schools and financial literacy programs", "supports": [ "local-policy option", "qualified bank and student-branch programs", "standards alignment" ], "excerpt": "Local school boards ... can choose to adopt a policy to excuse from financial literacy instruction a student who participates in a financial literacy program." }, { "id": "oh-2025-adoption", "title": "Revised financial literacy standards and model curriculum now available", "authority": "Ohio Department of Education and Workforce", "url": "https://education.ohio.gov/Media/Ed-Connection/July-22-2025/Revised-financial-literacy-standards-and-model-cur", "sourceType": "board_action", "publicationDate": "2025-07-22", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Announcement", "supports": [ "July 2025 adoption", "free-market-capitalism revision" ], "excerpt": "The Department adopted Ohio’s Learning Standards and Model Curriculum for Financial Literacy in High School in July 2025." }, { "id": "oh-standards-page", "title": "Financial Literacy Standards and Model Curriculum", "authority": "Ohio Department of Education and Workforce", "url": "https://education.ohio.gov/Topics/Learning-in-Ohio/Financial-Literacy/Financial-Literacy-Standards", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2025-10-08", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Ohio’s Learning Standards for Financial Literacy", "supports": [ "2018 K–8 standards", "2025 revised high-school standards", "model curriculum role" ], "excerpt": "School districts must use the 2025 standards when providing financial literacy instruction for high school credit." } ], "faq": [ { "question": "Does Ohio require financial literacy to graduate?", "answer": "Yes. Students who first entered ninth grade on or after July 1, 2022 must earn one-half unit of financial literacy. Ohio identifies the class of 2026 as the first covered graduating class.", "sourceIds": [ "oh-graduation-law", "oh-finlit-faq" ] }, { "question": "How many hours of personal finance does Ohio require?", "answer": "At least 60 hours. Ohio Revised Code defines one-half unit as a minimum of 60 hours of course instruction.", "sourceIds": [ "oh-graduation-law", "oh-finlit-faq" ] }, { "question": "Does Ohio require a stand-alone personal finance course?", "answer": "Not through one exclusive pathway. Students normally earn a half-unit of financial literacy, but AP Microeconomics or AP Macroeconomics may satisfy it, and a local policy may recognize an equivalent qualified bank or student-branch program.", "sourceIds": [ "oh-graduation-law", "oh-exemption-guidance" ] }, { "question": "Can Ohio financial literacy count as mathematics credit?", "answer": "It can replace one-half unit of eligible mathematics, but not Algebra I, Geometry, Algebra II, an end-of-course-exam course, or Advanced Computer Science. A student using Advanced Computer Science in place of Algebra II must count financial literacy as an elective.", "sourceIds": [ "oh-graduation-law", "oh-finlit-faq" ] }, { "question": "What do Ohio’s financial literacy standards cover?", "answer": "The 2025 high-school standards contain 26 statements across financial responsibility, planning and money management, informed consumers, investing, credit and debt, risk and insurance, and free-market capitalism.", "sourceIds": [ "oh-2025-standards" ] } ], "relatedStates": [] }, { "name": "Oklahoma", "abbreviation": "OK", "slug": "oklahoma", "jurisdictionType": "state", "lastReviewed": "2026-09-20", "researchStatus": "verified", "indexable": true, "seo": { "title": "Oklahoma Personal Finance Standards & Requirements", "description": "Oklahoma requires personal financial literacy for a standard diploma. See the class-of-2029 course transition, integrated options, 2024 standards, transfer rules, and official sources.", "socialImage": "/icon-512.png" }, "summary": "Oklahoma requires personal financial literacy for a standard public high school diploma. Students graduating in 2026 through 2028 complete the 14-area Passport to Financial Literacy under the earlier framework. The class of 2029 and later completes personal finance course or coursework in grades 10-12. Districts may embed the content in one or more courses, use qualifying CareerTech coursework, or offer a separate 0.5-unit course.", "summarySourceIds": [ "ok-statute", "ok-faq", "ok-standards" ], "requirement": { "overallStatuses": [ "graduation_requirement", "integrated_requirement", "pending_or_phased" ], "standaloneCourseRequired": false, "graduationRequirement": true, "creditRequirement": "Required course or coursework; districts may embed the content or offer a separate 0.5-unit elective", "gradeLevels": [ "Grades 7-12 for the legacy passport", "Grades 10-12 for students entering grade 9 in 2025-26 and later" ], "effectiveDate": "2025-07-01", "effectiveSchoolYear": "2025-26 transition", "firstGraduatingClass": "2029", "assessmentRequired": null, "responsibleAgency": "Oklahoma State Department of Education", "deliveryNotes": "For students entering grade 9 in 2025-26 and later, districts may integrate all required content into one or more courses, use approved CareerTech coursework, or offer a separate half-unit course. The separate half-unit is optional, not a statewide stand-alone mandate.", "sourceIds": [ "ok-statute", "ok-faq", "ok-passport" ] }, "standardsDocument": { "title": "2024 Oklahoma Academic Standards for Personal Financial Literacy", "adoptingAuthority": "Oklahoma State Board of Education", "adoptionDate": null, "effectiveDate": null, "officialUrl": "https://oklahoma.gov/content/dam/ok/en/osde/documents/services/standards-learning/personal-financial-literacy/2024_OAS_Personal_Financial_literacy_Standards.pdf", "sourceId": "ok-standards" }, "narrative": [ { "text": "Oklahoma makes personal financial literacy a standard-diploma requirement, but it does not require every district to create a stand-alone course. Current law permits the required content to be embedded in one or more courses, completed through approved CareerTech coursework, or offered as a separate one-half-unit class.", "sourceIds": [ "ok-statute", "ok-faq" ] }, { "text": "The state is operating a cohort transition. Graduates in 2026, 2027, and 2028 complete the legacy Passport to Financial Literacy across 14 areas in grades 7-12. The class of 2029 and later completes course or coursework containing the required content during grades 10-12.", "sourceIds": [ "ok-faq", "ok-statute" ] }, { "text": "OSDE identifies the current framework as OAS (2024). Its 14 top-level standards cover income and budgeting, taxes, financial services, account management, saving and investing, retirement, borrowing, credit cards, fraud, housing, insurance, gambling, bankruptcy, and charitable giving. No exact formal adoption date is stated in the retained official sources.", "sourceIds": [ "ok-standards-page", "ok-standards" ] }, { "text": "Current law includes 15 statutory areas because credit scores and reports are listed separately from FAFSA, loans, and borrowing. Transfer students after grade 10 may receive credit for prior instruction or demonstrated knowledge; districts may make an exception for certain out-of-state students arriving during or after junior year.", "sourceIds": [ "ok-statute" ] } ], "domains": [ { "name": "2024 Oklahoma personal financial literacy standards", "summary": "The 2024 framework contains 14 top-level standards for the graduation competencies. Each standard includes detailed objectives and examples that local districts must teach and assess.", "standards": [ { "code": "PFL.1", "title": "Income and budgeting", "description": "Explain earning income, work and human capital, FAFSA basics, pay statements, goals, budgets, and spending plans.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 7-12", "sourceId": "ok-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "PFL.2", "title": "Taxes", "description": "Analyze local, state, and federal taxes, filing obligations, common forms, public uses, and consequences of noncompliance.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 7-12", "sourceId": "ok-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 4-5" }, { "code": "PFL.3", "title": "Financial-service providers", "description": "Compare providers, products, technologies, risks, protections, deposit insurance, and the consequences of being unbanked.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 7-12", "sourceId": "ok-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 5" }, { "code": "PFL.4", "title": "Account management", "description": "Open, maintain, reconcile, and manage checking and savings accounts and explain consequences of mismanagement.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 7-12", "sourceId": "ok-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 5-6" }, { "code": "PFL.5", "title": "Saving and investing", "description": "Analyze savings and investment choices, risk, return, liquidity, diversification, inflation, and compound interest.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 7-12", "sourceId": "ok-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" }, { "code": "PFL.6", "title": "Retirement planning", "description": "Evaluate retirement needs and income sources, including Social Security, employer plans, and individual accounts.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 7-12", "sourceId": "ok-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" }, { "code": "PFL.7", "title": "Loans and borrowing", "description": "Compare credit sources and products, credit reports and scores, loan terms, predatory practices, borrower rights, and debt consequences.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 7-12", "sourceId": "ok-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 6-7" }, { "code": "PFL.8", "title": "Credit cards and online commerce", "description": "Evaluate credit-card costs and payment choices and conduct online transactions safely.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 7-12", "sourceId": "ok-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 8" }, { "code": "PFL.9", "title": "Fraud and identity theft", "description": "Recognize fraud and identity theft, protect personal information, and respond to victimization.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 7-12", "sourceId": "ok-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 8" }, { "code": "PFL.10", "title": "Renting and buying a home", "description": "Compare renting and homeownership, lease terms, mortgage choices, escrow, property taxes, and amortization.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 7-12", "sourceId": "ok-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 8" }, { "code": "PFL.11", "title": "Insurance and risk", "description": "Evaluate common risks, insurance products, sources of coverage, deductibles, and suitable coverage amounts.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 7-12", "sourceId": "ok-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 8-9" }, { "code": "PFL.12", "title": "Gambling", "description": "Evaluate probability, community effects, and personal and social costs of gambling.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 7-12", "sourceId": "ok-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 9" }, { "code": "PFL.13", "title": "Bankruptcy", "description": "Analyze bankruptcy's costs and benefits, alternatives, causes, and steps to rebuild credit.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 7-12", "sourceId": "ok-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 9" }, { "code": "PFL.14", "title": "Charitable giving", "description": "Evaluate forms, motivations, community effects, budget implications, and methods for checking a charity's authenticity.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 7-12", "sourceId": "ok-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 9" } ] } ], "policyTimeline": [ { "date": "2007-07-01", "event": "The Passport to Financial Literacy Act took effect.", "sourceId": "ok-hb1476" }, { "date": "Class of 2014", "event": "The first graduating class covered by the original passport requirement completed the 14 areas in grades 7-12.", "sourceId": "ok-history" }, { "date": "2024", "event": "OSDE identifies the current Personal Financial Literacy framework as OAS (2024).", "sourceId": "ok-standards-page" }, { "date": "2025-07-01", "event": "The revised course-or-coursework statute took effect for students entering grade 9 in 2025-26.", "sourceId": "ok-statute" }, { "date": "Class of 2029", "event": "The revised grades 10-12 course-or-coursework framework first applies, as expressly identified in current OSDE guidance.", "sourceId": "ok-faq" } ], "lawsAndRules": [ { "identifier": "70 O.S. § 11-103.6h", "title": "Passport to Financial Literacy Act", "summary": "Requires personal financial literacy for a standard diploma, defines 15 areas of instruction, permits embedded or separate delivery, and establishes transfer and disability provisions.", "officialUrl": "https://www.oklegislature.gov/OK_Statutes/CompleteTitles/os70.pdf", "effectiveDate": "2025-07-01", "sourceId": "ok-statute" } ], "educatorNotes": [ { "text": "Use the correct cohort rule: graduates in 2026-28 follow the legacy passport process, while students entering grade 9 in 2025-26 and later complete course or coursework in grades 10-12.", "sourceIds": [ "ok-faq", "ok-statute" ] }, { "text": "A separate 0.5-unit course is one allowed option, not the only option. Embedded district coursework and approved CareerTech coursework can satisfy the requirement when they contain the mandated instruction.", "sourceIds": [ "ok-statute" ] }, { "text": "For students with an IEP or English learners, the IEP must include appropriate instructional strategies and the district determines completion. Current OSDE guidance also provides a narrow exception for certain out-of-state transfer students arriving during or after junior year.", "sourceIds": [ "ok-faq", "ok-statute" ] } ], "sources": [ { "id": "ok-statute", "title": "Oklahoma Statutes Title 70, Section 11-103.6h", "authority": "Oklahoma Legislature", "url": "https://www.oklegislature.gov/OK_Statutes/CompleteTitles/os70.pdf", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": "2025-11-18", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "§ 70-11-103.6h, PDF pages 541-544", "supports": [ "graduation requirement", "15 areas", "class-of-2029 cohort", "grades 10-12", "integrated delivery", "optional half-unit", "transfer and disability provisions" ], "excerpt": "Personal financial literacy instruction shall be integrated into one or more existing courses of study or provided in a one-half (1/2) unit personal financial literacy course." }, { "id": "ok-faq", "title": "Personal Financial Literacy Frequently Asked Questions", "authority": "Oklahoma State Department of Education", "url": "https://oklahoma.gov/content/dam/ok/en/osde/documents/services/standards-learning/personal-financial-literacy/Personal_Financial_Literacy_Standards_FAQs_12132007.pdf", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2026", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Pages 1-4, requirements for 2026-28 and 2029-and-later graduates, test-out, IEP/ELL, and transfer provisions", "supports": [ "cohort transition", "legacy passport", "half-unit or integration", "CareerTech delivery", "test-out", "IEP and English learner implementation", "out-of-state transfer exception" ], "excerpt": "2029 graduates and beyond ... complete personal financial literacy through a half-unit course, integration of the content in other courses, or through a Career and Technology Education course." }, { "id": "ok-standards", "title": "2024 Oklahoma Academic Standards for Personal Financial Literacy", "authority": "Oklahoma State Department of Education", "url": "https://oklahoma.gov/content/dam/ok/en/osde/documents/services/standards-learning/personal-financial-literacy/2024_OAS_Personal_Financial_literacy_Standards.pdf", "sourceType": "standards", "publicationDate": "2024", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "PFL.1 through PFL.14, PDF pages 4-9", "supports": [ "complete standards framework", "grades 7-12", "local teaching and assessment", "content scope" ], "excerpt": "All Personal Financial Literacy standards and objectives must be taught and assessed by the local district." }, { "id": "ok-standards-page", "title": "Oklahoma Academic Standards", "authority": "Oklahoma State Department of Education", "url": "https://oklahoma.gov/education/services/standards-learning/oklahoma-academic-standards.html", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Oklahoma Academic Standards & Assessments table, Personal Financial Literacy row", "supports": [ "current OAS (2024) designation", "personal financial literacy graduation competencies", "standards review authority" ], "excerpt": "Personal Financial Literacy — OAS (2024) — Competencies required for graduation." }, { "id": "ok-passport", "title": "Personal Financial Literacy Passport Cumulative Record Form", "authority": "Oklahoma State Department of Education", "url": "https://oklahoma.gov/content/dam/ok/en/osde/documents/services/standards-learning/personal-financial-literacy/Passport%20Cumulative%20Record%20Form.pdf", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2026", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Page 1, graduation requirement and transcript documentation", "supports": [ "cumulative record", "integrated or comprehensive course", "transcript documentation" ], "excerpt": "This Personal Financial Literacy Passport is a cumulative record documenting that the student has completed the requirements of Personal Financial Literacy." }, { "id": "ok-hb1476", "title": "House Bill 1476, Enrolled Version", "authority": "Oklahoma Legislature", "url": "https://www.oklegislature.gov/cf_pdf/2007-08%20ENR/hB/HB1476%20ENR.PDF", "sourceType": "bill", "publicationDate": "2007-05-31", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Pages 2-4, Passport to Financial Literacy Act", "supports": [ "original enactment", "grades 7-12", "integration or separate course", "2008-09 entry cohort" ], "excerpt": "Beginning with students entering the seventh grade in the 2008-2009 school year ... students shall fulfill the requirements for a personal financial literacy passport." }, { "id": "ok-history", "title": "Introduction Guide to the Personal Financial Literacy Curriculum", "authority": "Oklahoma State Department of Education", "url": "https://oklahoma.gov/content/dam/ok/en/osde/documents/services/standards-learning/personal-financial-literacy/Introduction%20Guide%20to%20the%20Curriculum.pdf", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2008", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Historical Development Perspective, page 5", "supports": [ "first affected graduating class", "standards history", "passport implementation" ], "excerpt": "The personal financial literacy graduation requirement will impact all graduating classes beginning with the class of 2014." } ], "faq": [ { "question": "Does Oklahoma require financial literacy to graduate?", "answer": "Yes. Students seeking a standard public high school diploma must complete Oklahoma's personal financial literacy requirement under the rule that applies to their cohort.", "sourceIds": [ "ok-statute", "ok-faq" ] }, { "question": "Does Oklahoma require a stand-alone personal finance course?", "answer": "No. Districts may embed the required content in one or more courses, use qualifying CareerTech coursework, or offer a separate 0.5-unit course.", "sourceIds": [ "ok-statute" ] }, { "question": "What changes for Oklahoma's class of 2029?", "answer": "Students who entered grade 9 in 2025-26 complete required course or coursework containing the personal finance areas during grades 10-12. Graduates in 2026-28 remain under the earlier grades 7-12 passport framework.", "sourceIds": [ "ok-faq", "ok-statute" ] }, { "question": "Can an Oklahoma student test out of personal financial literacy?", "answer": "The Department's guidance allows demonstration of satisfactory knowledge through district-created assessment under the applicable passport rules, and current law also provides assessment-based treatment for certain transfer students.", "sourceIds": [ "ok-faq", "ok-statute" ] }, { "question": "What do Oklahoma's financial literacy standards cover?", "answer": "The 14 standards cover income and budgeting, taxes, financial services, bank accounts, saving, investing, retirement, borrowing, credit, fraud, housing, insurance, gambling, bankruptcy, and charitable giving.", "sourceIds": [ "ok-standards" ] } ], "relatedStates": [] }, { "name": "Oregon", "abbreviation": "OR", "slug": "oregon", "jurisdictionType": "state", "lastReviewed": "2026-09-20", "researchStatus": "verified", "indexable": true, "seo": { "title": "Oregon Personal Finance Standards & Requirements", "description": "Oregon diplomas awarded on or after January 1, 2027 require a half credit in Personal Financial Education. Review delivery rules, the 16 standards, waivers, and official sources.", "socialImage": "/icon-512.png" }, "summary": "Oregon students receiving an Oregon Diploma or Modified Diploma on or after January 1, 2027 must earn 0.5 credit in a Personal Financial Education course within the state's 24-credit minimum. The course must use the PFE course code; it may also integrate another subject and earn additional credit when all standards are taught and assessed, but a course coded only in another subject cannot satisfy the PFE requirement. Oregon adopted 16 high-school standards across credit, banking, budgeting, income and taxes, and financial well-being.", "summarySourceIds": [ "or-statute", "or-ode", "or-standards", "or-faq" ], "requirement": { "overallStatuses": [ "standalone_course_required", "graduation_requirement", "pending_or_phased" ], "standaloneCourseRequired": true, "graduationRequirement": true, "creditRequirement": "0.5 credit in Personal Financial Education within the 24-credit diploma minimum", "gradeLevels": [ "Grades 9-12" ], "effectiveDate": "2027-01-01", "effectiveSchoolYear": "2026-27", "firstGraduatingClass": "2027", "assessmentRequired": null, "responsibleAgency": "Oregon Department of Education and Oregon State Board of Education", "deliveryNotes": "Students must earn credit in a course using Oregon's Personal Financial Education course code 19262. The PFE course may integrate another subject and award credit in more than one content area when every applicable standard is taught and assessed, but a course coded only in another subject cannot satisfy the requirement. A district or charter may seek a narrow institutional waiver for diplomas awarded during calendar year 2027 when qualified educators are unavailable; no waiver is available for diplomas awarded on or after January 1, 2028.", "sourceIds": [ "or-statute", "or-rule", "or-manual", "or-faq" ] }, "standardsDocument": { "title": "Oregon's High School Personal Financial Education Content Standards", "adoptingAuthority": "Oregon State Board of Education", "adoptionDate": "2024-06-13", "effectiveDate": null, "officialUrl": "https://www.oregon.gov/ode/students-and-family/OregonDiploma/Documents/FINAL%20PFE%20Standards_AdoptedAccessible.pdf", "sourceId": "or-standards" }, "narrative": [ { "text": "Oregon's Senate Bill 3 added a distinct half-credit Personal Financial Education requirement to the 24-credit Oregon Diploma. It applies to Oregon Diplomas and Modified Diplomas awarded on or after January 1, 2027, regardless of when the student first entered grade 9.", "sourceIds": [ "or-sb3", "or-statute", "or-ode" ] }, { "text": "The requirement is a stand-alone Personal Financial Education course requirement for coding purposes. Schools must use PFE course code 19262. A PFE course may integrate economics, mathematics, CTE, or other standards and may generate additional subject credit when every applicable standard is taught and assessed, but a course coded only in another subject cannot satisfy the PFE credit.", "sourceIds": [ "or-rule", "or-faq", "or-manual" ] }, { "text": "The State Board adopted 16 Personal Financial Education standards on June 13, 2024. The five domains are credit and debt; banking, investing, saving and repayment; budgeting, spending and money management; income, taxes and services; and maintaining financial well-being.", "sourceIds": [ "or-standards" ] }, { "text": "Oregon allows a narrow institutional waiver when a district or public charter school cannot recruit or retain qualified educators, but only for diplomas awarded from January 1 through December 31, 2027. No such waiver is available for diplomas awarded on or after January 1, 2028.", "sourceIds": [ "or-rule", "or-manual" ] }, { "text": "The requirement covers Oregon Diplomas and Modified Diplomas. It does not apply to Extended Diplomas, Certificates of Attendance, GED credentials, or students who complete an Oregon or Modified Diploma before January 1, 2027.", "sourceIds": [ "or-faq" ] } ], "domains": [ { "name": "Credit and debt", "summary": "Three standards cover credit-building, consumer credit, borrowing cost, and the long-term effects of credit scores.", "standards": [ { "code": "HS.PFE.A.1", "title": "Understand components used to build credit and investigate actions that…", "description": "Understand components used to build credit and investigate actions that could affect personal credit scores.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school Personal Financial Education", "sourceId": "or-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "HS.PFE.A.2", "title": "Compare consumer-credit types and the costs and benefits of borrowing money", "description": "Compare consumer-credit types and the costs and benefits of borrowing money.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school Personal Financial Education", "sourceId": "or-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "HS.PFE.A.3", "title": "Analyze long-term impacts of high and low credit scores", "description": "Analyze long-term impacts of high and low credit scores.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school Personal Financial Education", "sourceId": "or-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" } ] }, { "name": "Banking, investing, saving, and repayment", "summary": "Three standards address financial institutions, asset-building, investment risk, and repayment strategies.", "standards": [ { "code": "HS.PFE.B.1", "title": "Describe financial institutions and explore the products and services…", "description": "Describe financial institutions and explore the products and services they provide.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school Personal Financial Education", "sourceId": "or-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "HS.PFE.B.2", "title": "Develop asset-building goals using investment options and identify…", "description": "Develop asset-building goals using investment options and identify potential risks and rewards.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school Personal Financial Education", "sourceId": "or-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "HS.PFE.B.3", "title": "Evaluate repayment strategies, risks, and costs for consumer credit,…", "description": "Evaluate repayment strategies, risks, and costs for consumer credit, including simple and compound interest.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school Personal Financial Education", "sourceId": "or-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" } ] }, { "name": "Budgeting, spending, and money management", "summary": "Three standards require practical budgeting, decision analysis, and a sample household budget.", "standards": [ { "code": "HS.PFE.C.1", "title": "Describe budgeting strategies for savings goals, emergency funds, fixed…", "description": "Describe budgeting strategies for savings goals, emergency funds, fixed expenses, and variable expenses.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school Personal Financial Education", "sourceId": "or-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "HS.PFE.C.2", "title": "Identify and examine costs and benefits of financial decisions", "description": "Identify and examine costs and benefits of financial decisions.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school Personal Financial Education", "sourceId": "or-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "HS.PFE.C.3", "title": "Create and analyze a sample budget covering housing, transportation, and…", "description": "Create and analyze a sample budget covering housing, transportation, and insurance.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school Personal Financial Education", "sourceId": "or-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" } ] }, { "name": "Personal income, taxes, and services", "summary": "Four standards cover income types, filing, tax liability, credits, and tax-funded services.", "standards": [ { "code": "HS.PFE.D.1", "title": "Define and identify common types of income", "description": "Define and identify common types of income.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school Personal Financial Education", "sourceId": "or-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "HS.PFE.D.2", "title": "Understand the personal income-tax filing cycle, common forms, and…", "description": "Understand the personal income-tax filing cycle, common forms, and preparation resources.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school Personal Financial Education", "sourceId": "or-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "HS.PFE.D.3", "title": "Understand taxes on different income sources and common credits that…", "description": "Understand taxes on different income sources and common credits that reduce tax liability.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school Personal Financial Education", "sourceId": "or-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "HS.PFE.D.4", "title": "Understand federal, state, regional, and local taxes and the services…", "description": "Understand federal, state, regional, and local taxes and the services they fund.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school Personal Financial Education", "sourceId": "or-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" } ] }, { "name": "Maintaining financial well-being", "summary": "Three standards address money psychology, evidence-based consumer decisions, fraud, and identity theft.", "standards": [ { "code": "HS.PFE.E.1", "title": "Analyze cultural, social, and emotional influences on financial behavior", "description": "Analyze cultural, social, and emotional influences on financial behavior.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school Personal Financial Education", "sourceId": "or-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "HS.PFE.E.2", "title": "Analyze and apply multiple information sources when making consumer…", "description": "Analyze and apply multiple information sources when making consumer decisions.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school Personal Financial Education", "sourceId": "or-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "HS.PFE.E.3", "title": "Understand and apply strategies to prevent fraud and personal identity theft", "description": "Understand and apply strategies to prevent fraud and personal identity theft.", "gradeOrCourse": "High school Personal Financial Education", "sourceId": "or-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" } ] } ], "policyTimeline": [ { "date": "2023-07-31", "event": "Senate Bill 3 became Oregon Laws 2023, chapter 564, adding the half-credit Personal Financial Education diploma requirement.", "sourceId": "or-sb3" }, { "date": "2024-06-13", "event": "The State Board adopted Oregon's 16 high-school Personal Financial Education standards.", "sourceId": "or-standards" }, { "date": "2026-27", "event": "The first implementation year begins, with a narrow one-year institutional waiver available for qualifying educator shortages.", "sourceId": "or-overview" }, { "date": "2027-01-01", "event": "Oregon and Modified Diplomas awarded on or after this date must include the half credit.", "sourceId": "or-statute" } ], "lawsAndRules": [ { "identifier": "ORS 329.451", "title": "Oregon diploma credit requirements", "summary": "Adds one-half credit of Personal Financial Education to the credits required for an Oregon high school diploma awarded on or after January 1, 2027.", "officialUrl": "https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors329.html", "effectiveDate": "2027-01-01", "sourceId": "or-statute" }, { "identifier": "Senate Bill 3 (2023), chapter 564", "title": "Personal Financial Education and career-path diploma requirements", "summary": "Established the half-credit requirement, directed standards adoption, and required districts and public charter schools to provide instruction.", "officialUrl": "https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/lawsstatutes/2023orlaw0564.pdf", "effectiveDate": "2024-07-01", "sourceId": "or-sb3" }, { "identifier": "OAR 581-021-0003", "title": "Diploma requirements", "summary": "Implements the half-credit PFE course, permits multiple content-area credits for a PFE course that integrates other standards, and defines the limited calendar-year 2027 institutional waiver.", "officialUrl": "https://secure.sos.state.or.us/oard/viewSingleRule.action?ruleVrsnRsn=318716", "effectiveDate": "2024-10-25", "sourceId": "or-rule" } ], "educatorNotes": [ { "text": "Plan the half-credit for every Oregon or Modified Diploma issued on or after January 1, 2027; the trigger is diploma-award date, not a named entering cohort.", "sourceIds": [ "or-statute", "or-ode" ] }, { "text": "Use PFE course code 19262. If the PFE course also incorporates economics, mathematics, or CTE standards, teach and assess all standards for each awarded content-area credit and provide enough instructional time for the combined scope.", "sourceIds": [ "or-rule", "or-faq", "or-manual" ] }, { "text": "Do not use a course coded only as Financial Algebra, Economics, or another subject to satisfy the PFE requirement. Oregon permits other standards inside a PFE course, but it does not permit PFE standards to be incidental content in another course.", "sourceIds": [ "or-faq" ] }, { "text": "Apply the credential boundary correctly: Oregon and Modified Diplomas are covered; Extended Diplomas, Certificates of Attendance, GED credentials, and Oregon or Modified Diplomas completed before January 1, 2027 are not.", "sourceIds": [ "or-faq" ] } ], "sources": [ { "id": "or-statute", "title": "Oregon Revised Statutes, Chapter 329", "authority": "Oregon Legislative Assembly", "url": "https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors329.html", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": "2025", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "ORS 329.451 and 2023 chapter 564 operative and applicability notes", "supports": [ "half credit", "24-credit diploma", "January 1, 2027", "district duty" ], "excerpt": "One half-credit of personal financial education." }, { "id": "or-sb3", "title": "Oregon Laws 2023, Chapter 564 (Senate Bill 3)", "authority": "Oregon Legislative Assembly", "url": "https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/lawsstatutes/2023orlaw0564.pdf", "sourceType": "bill", "publicationDate": "2023", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Enrolled law, diploma-credit and applicability sections", "supports": [ "enactment", "half credit", "standards mandate", "instruction duty", "waiver authority" ], "excerpt": "Requires students to complete one half-credit of ... personal financial education as requirements for high school diploma." }, { "id": "or-rule", "title": "OAR 581-021-0003 — Diploma Requirements", "authority": "Oregon Secretary of State", "url": "https://secure.sos.state.or.us/oard/viewSingleRule.action?ruleVrsnRsn=318716", "sourceType": "regulation", "publicationDate": "2024-10-25", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Subsections governing Personal Financial Education credit, multiple content-area credit, and institutional waiver", "supports": [ "half-credit implementation", "integrated PFE course", "multiple credits", "2027 waiver", "no waiver after 2027" ], "excerpt": "One-half credit for courses that address all Personal Financial Education standards." }, { "id": "or-standards", "title": "Oregon's High School Personal Financial Education Content Standards", "authority": "Oregon State Board of Education", "url": "https://www.oregon.gov/ode/students-and-family/OregonDiploma/Documents/FINAL%20PFE%20Standards_AdoptedAccessible.pdf", "sourceType": "standards", "publicationDate": "2024-06-13", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "PDF pages 3-4, HS.PFE.A.1 through HS.PFE.E.3", "supports": [ "adoption date", "five domains", "complete 16 standards" ], "excerpt": "Adopted by the Oregon State Board of Education on June 13, 2024." }, { "id": "or-ode", "title": "Oregon Diploma", "authority": "Oregon Department of Education", "url": "https://www.oregon.gov/ode/students-and-family/oregondiploma/pages/default.aspx", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Personal Finance Requirements and Higher Education and Career Path Skills Requirement", "supports": [ "current diploma requirement", "half credit", "24-credit total", "January 1, 2027" ], "excerpt": "Students graduating on or after January 1, 2027, the Oregon diploma requirements will include 0.5 credit in Personal Financial Education." }, { "id": "or-manual", "title": "Implementation Manual Regarding Oregon's Newest Diploma Requirements", "authority": "Oregon Department of Education", "url": "https://www.oregon.gov/ode/students-and-family/OregonDiploma/Documents/Implementation%20Manual%20Regarding%20Oregon%27s%20Newest%20Diploma%20Requirements.pdf", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2026", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Credit-awarding, course coding, integrated-course, mastery, and waiver guidance", "supports": [ "implementation", "credit award", "course code 19262", "course design", "qualified educator waiver" ], "excerpt": "Students awarded an Oregon Diploma or Modified Diploma on or after January 1, 2027 are required to complete 0.5 credit in Personal Financial Education." }, { "id": "or-faq", "title": "Frequently Asked Questions about Oregon's Newest Diploma Requirements, Version 3", "authority": "Oregon Department of Education", "url": "https://www.oregon.gov/ode/students-and-family/OregonDiploma/Documents/Frequently%20Asked%20Questions%20about%20Oregon%27s%20Newest%20Diploma%20Requirements.pdf", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2026", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "PDF pages 3-14, course coding, multiple-credit option, covered credentials, and waiver", "supports": [ "stand-alone PFE course", "course code 19262", "multiple-credit option", "credential exclusions", "2027 waiver" ], "excerpt": "Senate Bill 3 mandates a standalone Personal Financial Education course." }, { "id": "or-overview", "title": "Oregon's Newest Diploma Requirements", "authority": "Oregon Department of Education", "url": "https://www.oregon.gov/ode/students-and-family/OregonDiploma/Documents/SB%203%20Overview.pdf", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2023", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Implementation timeline and waiver description", "supports": [ "Class of 2027", "2026-27 implementation", "one-year waiver", "no 2027-28 waiver" ], "excerpt": "Students are required to have completed a 0.5 credit in Personal Financial Education ... as part of earning an Oregon Diploma." } ], "faq": [ { "question": "Does Oregon require personal finance to graduate?", "answer": "Yes. Oregon and Modified Diplomas awarded on or after January 1, 2027 require one-half credit in Personal Financial Education within the 24-credit minimum.", "sourceIds": [ "or-statute", "or-ode" ] }, { "question": "Does Oregon require a stand-alone personal finance course?", "answer": "Yes for course identity and coding: the course must use PFE code 19262. That PFE course may also integrate another subject and earn additional credit when all applicable standards are taught and assessed, but a course coded only in another subject cannot satisfy the requirement.", "sourceIds": [ "or-rule", "or-faq", "or-manual" ] }, { "question": "Which Oregon students are covered by the new requirement?", "answer": "The requirement is tied to any Oregon or Modified Diploma awarded on or after January 1, 2027, rather than solely to a student's original grade-9 cohort.", "sourceIds": [ "or-statute", "or-ode" ] }, { "question": "What do Oregon's Personal Financial Education standards cover?", "answer": "The 16 standards cover credit and debt, banking and investing, saving and repayment, budgeting and spending, income and taxes, consumer decisions, fraud, and identity theft.", "sourceIds": [ "or-standards" ] }, { "question": "Can an Oregon school receive a waiver?", "answer": "A district or charter school may seek an institutional waiver when qualified educators are unavailable, but only for diplomas awarded from January 1 through December 31, 2027. No waiver is available for diplomas awarded on or after January 1, 2028.", "sourceIds": [ "or-rule", "or-manual" ] } ], "relatedStates": [] }, { "name": "Pennsylvania", "abbreviation": "PA", "slug": "pennsylvania", "jurisdictionType": "state", "lastReviewed": "2026-09-20", "researchStatus": "verified", "indexable": true, "seo": { "title": "Pennsylvania Personal Finance Standards & Requirements", "description": "Understand Pennsylvania’s 2026–27 personal financial literacy course requirement, half-credit rule, embedded-course exception, standards, and official sources.", "socialImage": "/icon-512.png" }, "summary": "Pennsylvania requires students in grades 9–12 to complete a personal financial literacy course beginning in the 2026–27 school year. The default course value is at least one-half credit, but a 2026 amendment allows a qualifying college-level or concentrated CTE course with targeted personal finance content to satisfy the mandate even when the content is embedded.", "summarySourceIds": [ "pa-school-code", "pa-pde-personal-finance", "pa-implementation-guide" ], "requirement": { "overallStatuses": [ "graduation_requirement", "integrated_requirement" ], "standaloneCourseRequired": false, "graduationRequirement": true, "creditRequirement": "At least 0.5 credit; qualifying rigorous embedded courses may satisfy the mandate under Section 1551(b.1)(5.1)", "gradeLevels": [ "Grades 9–12" ], "effectiveDate": "2026-07-01", "effectiveSchoolYear": "2026–27", "firstGraduatingClass": "2027", "assessmentRequired": null, "responsibleAgency": "Pennsylvania Department of Education", "deliveryNotes": "Schools must provide a mandatory personal financial literacy course aligned to Pennsylvania’s standards. A qualifying Advanced Placement, International Baccalaureate, Cambridge International, dual-credit, or concentrated CTE course may satisfy the requirement when it includes a targeted personal finance focus. For public-school students, the governing body decides whether earned credit is applied to social studies, family and consumer science, mathematics, or business education.", "sourceIds": [ "pa-school-code", "pa-pde-personal-finance", "pa-implementation-guide", "pa-chapter-4", "pa-graduation-rule", "pa-credit-allocation" ] }, "standardsDocument": { "title": "Pennsylvania Academic Standards for Personal Finance", "adoptingAuthority": "Pennsylvania State Board of Education", "adoptionDate": "2024-09-12", "effectiveDate": "2026-07-01", "officialUrl": "https://www.pa.gov/content/dam/copapwp-pagov/en/stateboard/documents/regulations-and-statements/state-academic-standards/personal%20finance%20standards.pdf", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards" }, "narrative": [ { "text": "Section 1551 of the Public School Code requires every school entity and nonpublic school to provide a mandatory personal financial literacy course beginning in 2026–27. Students must complete it once in grade 9, 10, 11, or 12, making personal finance a statewide high-school completion requirement.", "sourceIds": [ "pa-school-code", "pa-pde-personal-finance" ] }, { "text": "The statute describes the standard course as worth at least one-half credit or half of a full credit. A July 2026 amendment created a narrower alternative: targeted personal finance content embedded in an AP, IB, Cambridge International, dual-credit, or concentrated CTE course can satisfy the mandate even when that personal finance component is not itself a half-credit course.", "sourceIds": [ "pa-school-code", "pa-implementation-guide" ] }, { "text": "Pennsylvania also adopted a distinct K–12 set of Personal Finance standards. The standards took effect July 1, 2026 and are organized into six areas: fundamentals, income, spending, saving and investing, risk and insurance, and credit. The required high-school course must align to these standards.", "sourceIds": [ "pa-personal-finance-standards", "pa-chapter-4", "pa-state-board-standards" ] }, { "text": "Pennsylvania’s rule is broader than a standards-only policy and more flexible than a universal stand-alone-course mandate. The completion requirement applies statewide, while the 2026 exception permits certain rigorous programs to integrate targeted financial literacy content rather than schedule a separate half-credit course.", "sourceIds": [ "pa-school-code", "pa-implementation-guide" ] }, { "text": "The course operates within Pennsylvania's graduation framework: local governing boards adopt graduation requirements, those requirements must include course completion and proficiency in state academic standards not covered by a state assessment, and public schools decide whether personal finance credit counts toward social studies, family and consumer science, mathematics, or business education.", "sourceIds": [ "pa-graduation-rule", "pa-credit-allocation", "pa-personal-finance-standards" ] } ], "domains": [ { "name": "17.1 Personal Finance Fundamentals", "summary": "The complete grades 9–12 fundamentals strand addresses goals, behavior, financial services, recordkeeping, estate documents, regulation, and consumer protection.", "standards": [ { "code": "17.1.9-12.A", "title": "Long-term goals", "description": "Determine the financial impact of long-term goals involving lifestyle, family, education, and other priorities.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" }, { "code": "17.1.9-12.B", "title": "Financial decision-making", "description": "Apply a systematic decision-making process, including opportunity costs, to setting and achieving financial goals.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" }, { "code": "17.1.9-12.C", "title": "Financial mindset", "description": "Analyze how personal, social, and economic factors affect a person’s financial mindset and decisions.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" }, { "code": "17.1.9-12.D", "title": "Behavioral biases", "description": "Evaluate strategies for managing behavioral biases and other obstacles to sound personal financial management.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" }, { "code": "17.1.9-12.E", "title": "Financial conversations", "description": "Assess the value of sharing financial goals and information with other people.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" }, { "code": "17.1.9-12.F", "title": "Financial service providers", "description": "Compare banks, credit unions, check cashers, brokerage firms, and the accounts and services each provides.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "17.1.9-12.G", "title": "Opening financial accounts", "description": "Explain how to open financial accounts and what to consider when selecting institutions and professionals.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "17.1.9-12.H", "title": "Financial technology", "description": "Evaluate financial technology used to access services and make financial decisions.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "17.1.9-12.I", "title": "Financial records", "description": "Develop a system to document and organize paper and electronic personal financial records.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "17.1.9-12.J", "title": "Estate documents and beneficiaries", "description": "Explain the financial implications of wills, powers of attorney, and beneficiary designations.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "17.1.9-12.K", "title": "Financial regulators", "description": "Explain the roles of state and federal financial regulators and consumer-protection agencies.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 5" }, { "code": "17.1.9-12.L", "title": "Financial laws and regulations", "description": "Describe issues addressed by laws and regulations that affect or safeguard personal finances.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 5" } ] }, { "name": "17.2 Income", "summary": "The complete grades 9–12 income strand covers income sources, retirement, education and training, employment conditions, benefits, self-employment, payroll deductions, and taxes.", "standards": [ { "code": "17.2.9-12.A", "title": "Types and sources of income", "description": "Explain earned, unearned, passive, and active income and sources such as work, rentals, investments, and government programs.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 5" }, { "code": "17.2.9-12.B", "title": "Retirement income", "description": "Describe retirement income sources and their relationship to personal investments, employer plans, and government programs.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 5" }, { "code": "17.2.9-12.C", "title": "Postsecondary return on investment", "description": "Use data to evaluate whether to pursue postsecondary education based on costs and anticipated future income.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 5" }, { "code": "17.2.9-12.D", "title": "Paying for education and training", "description": "Research payment options, cost-reduction strategies, and the steps needed to obtain financial aid.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" }, { "code": "17.2.9-12.E", "title": "Employment potential", "description": "Evaluate how technology, labor markets, and economic conditions and trends affect employment potential.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" }, { "code": "17.2.9-12.F", "title": "Employee benefits", "description": "Explain how health insurance, retirement plans, education reimbursement, and other benefits affect personal finances.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" }, { "code": "17.2.9-12.G", "title": "Business ownership and employment", "description": "Analyze the financial effects of owning a business, working as an independent contractor, or being an employee.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" }, { "code": "17.2.9-12.H", "title": "Taxes and payroll deductions", "description": "Calculate the effect of taxes and payroll deductions on income.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" }, { "code": "17.2.9-12.I", "title": "Tax forms", "description": "Complete federal, state, and local tax forms.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" } ] }, { "name": "17.3 Spending", "summary": "The complete grades 9–12 spending strand addresses informed purchases, budgeting, payment methods, housing, vehicles, taxes, and charitable giving.", "standards": [ { "code": "17.3.9-12.A", "title": "Informed spending", "description": "Develop a process for purchase decisions that considers features, price, durability, social or environmental effects, and information quality.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 7" }, { "code": "17.3.9-12.B", "title": "Lowering purchase prices", "description": "Compare approaches such as online tools, discount retailers, negotiation, and secondhand purchases.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 7" }, { "code": "17.3.9-12.C", "title": "Tracking income and spending", "description": "Develop a personal method for tracking income and spending.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 7" }, { "code": "17.3.9-12.D", "title": "Budgeting approaches", "description": "Evaluate budgeting approaches and tools such as 50-30-20, zero-based budgets, envelopes, spreadsheets, and online tools.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 7" }, { "code": "17.3.9-12.E", "title": "Creating a budget", "description": "Create a personal budget that allocates current or future income and estimates fixed and variable expenses.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 7" }, { "code": "17.3.9-12.F", "title": "Adjusting a budget", "description": "Identify ways to adjust a budget for unexpected expenses or lost income.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 8" }, { "code": "17.3.9-12.G", "title": "Payment methods", "description": "Compare the effects of using different payment methods for purchases.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 8" }, { "code": "17.3.9-12.H", "title": "Paying bills", "description": "Compare bill-payment approaches, including automated payments and methods for ensuring on-time payment.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 8" }, { "code": "17.3.9-12.I", "title": "Technology and spending", "description": "Describe how technology changes payment methods and influences spending.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 8" }, { "code": "17.3.9-12.J", "title": "Housing decisions", "description": "Analyze renting and buying, upfront and ongoing costs, and the process of obtaining a mortgage or lease.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 8" }, { "code": "17.3.9-12.K", "title": "Vehicle decisions", "description": "Justify buying or leasing a vehicle after considering alternatives and total ownership or use costs.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 9" }, { "code": "17.3.9-12.L", "title": "Sales, excise, and property taxes", "description": "Analyze how sales, excise, and property taxes affect financial decisions.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 9" }, { "code": "17.3.9-12.M", "title": "Charitable giving", "description": "Justify participating in or declining a fundraising effort based on the organization and cause.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 9" } ] }, { "name": "17.4 Saving and Investing", "summary": "The complete grades 9–12 saving and investing strand covers net worth, savings plans and products, investment return and products, advice, diversification, retirement accounts, and risk behavior.", "standards": [ { "code": "17.4.9-12.A", "title": "Net worth", "description": "Calculate net worth from a person’s assets and liabilities.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 9" }, { "code": "17.4.9-12.B", "title": "Savings plans", "description": "Develop a plan for short- and long-term financial goals.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 9" }, { "code": "17.4.9-12.C", "title": "Savings vehicles", "description": "Compare savings accounts, certificates of deposit, money-market accounts, and rates offered by different institutions.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 9" }, { "code": "17.4.9-12.D", "title": "Investment returns", "description": "Explain how risk, inflation, taxes, and other factors affect investment returns.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 10" }, { "code": "17.4.9-12.E", "title": "Investment products", "description": "Compare stocks, bonds, mutual funds, and exchange-traded funds and factors that influence their prices.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 10" }, { "code": "17.4.9-12.F", "title": "Investment advice and trading", "description": "Describe factors to consider when choosing investment advice and trading methods.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 10" }, { "code": "17.4.9-12.G", "title": "Benchmark indices", "description": "Explain how popular benchmark indices are used.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 10" }, { "code": "17.4.9-12.H", "title": "Diversified portfolio", "description": "Recommend a diversified portfolio suited to a goal, starting age, time horizon, and risk tolerance.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 10" }, { "code": "17.4.9-12.I", "title": "Retirement accounts", "description": "Compare employer-sponsored plans, traditional and Roth IRAs, and accounts for self-employed people.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 11" }, { "code": "17.4.9-12.J", "title": "Personal risk tolerance", "description": "Analyze how personal attitudes toward risk can affect investment decisions and outcomes.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 11" }, { "code": "17.4.9-12.K", "title": "Investment biases", "description": "Describe ways to reduce the harmful effects of loss aversion, herding, choice overload, and other biases.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 11" } ] }, { "name": "17.5 Risk and Insurance", "summary": "The complete grades 9–12 risk and insurance strand covers risk assessment and management, insurance selection and claims, public insurance, fraud, identity theft, and recovery resources.", "standards": [ { "code": "17.5.9-12.A", "title": "Financial risk exposure", "description": "Evaluate potential financial risks such as property loss, reduced income, and liability.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 11" }, { "code": "17.5.9-12.B", "title": "Risk-management approaches", "description": "Critique risk avoidance, reduction, retention, and transfer strategies for a scenario.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 11" }, { "code": "17.5.9-12.C", "title": "Insurance recommendations", "description": "Recommend auto, homeowners, renters, health, life, disability, or other insurance based on individual needs and circumstances.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 12" }, { "code": "17.5.9-12.D", "title": "Comparing insurance", "description": "Use multiple information sources to compare insurance providers, plans, and prices.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 12" }, { "code": "17.5.9-12.E", "title": "Insurance products and claims", "description": "Develop a process for comparing products, calculating out-of-pocket costs, and filing claims.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 12" }, { "code": "17.5.9-12.F", "title": "Required coverage", "description": "Describe when a person must show proof of insurance or carry a minimum amount of coverage.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 12" }, { "code": "17.5.9-12.G", "title": "Public insurance programs", "description": "Evaluate how Medicare, Medicaid, unemployment insurance, and other public programs affect people facing hardship.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 12" }, { "code": "17.5.9-12.H", "title": "Fraud prevention", "description": "Analyze financial-fraud trends and ways to avoid becoming a victim.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 13" }, { "code": "17.5.9-12.I", "title": "Responding to fraud and identity theft", "description": "Research agencies and practical steps for addressing financial fraud, scams, and identity theft.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 13" } ] }, { "name": "17.6 Credit", "summary": "The complete grades 9–12 credit strand covers qualification, credit reports and scores, credit types, education and home loans, total borrowing costs, debt consequences, and consumer rights.", "standards": [ { "code": "17.6.9-12.A", "title": "Obtaining credit", "description": "Evaluate pathways to credit and lender criteria such as character, capacity, capital, and collateral.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 13" }, { "code": "17.6.9-12.B", "title": "Credit reports and scores", "description": "Describe how credit reports and scores are calculated, used, and improved.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 13" }, { "code": "17.6.9-12.C", "title": "Forms of credit", "description": "Compare secured and unsecured loans, installment and revolving credit, service credit, and their uses.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 13" }, { "code": "17.6.9-12.D", "title": "Education and home loans", "description": "Analyze how loans finance higher education and home purchases, how borrowers obtain them, and repayment choices.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 14" }, { "code": "17.6.9-12.E", "title": "Total cost of credit", "description": "Calculate total borrowing cost in situations involving minimum payments, fees, and alternative financial services.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 14" }, { "code": "17.6.9-12.F", "title": "Debt consequences and assistance", "description": "Describe the consequences of failing to repay debt and identify debt-management assistance.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 14" }, { "code": "17.6.9-12.G", "title": "Credit rights and laws", "description": "Evaluate credit-related rights and laws and their effects on consumers.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9–12", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 14" } ] } ], "policyTimeline": [ { "date": "2023-12-13", "event": "Act 35 amended Section 1551 to create a statewide personal financial literacy course requirement beginning in 2026–27.", "sourceId": "pa-school-code" }, { "date": "2025-02-08", "event": "The Pennsylvania Academic Standards for Personal Finance were published in the Pennsylvania Bulletin.", "sourceId": "pa-state-board-standards" }, { "date": "2026-07-01", "event": "The new K–12 Personal Finance standards took effect.", "sourceId": "pa-personal-finance-standards" }, { "date": "2026-07-12", "event": "Act 20 added the qualifying rigorous-course exception for targeted personal finance content embedded in specified college-level or concentrated CTE programs.", "sourceId": "pa-school-code" }, { "date": "2026–27", "event": "Schools must provide the mandatory course and students in grades 9–12 must complete it once.", "sourceId": "pa-school-code" } ], "lawsAndRules": [ { "identifier": "24 P.S. § 15-1551(b.1)", "title": "Economic Education and Personal Financial Literacy Programs", "summary": "Requires a personal financial literacy course of at least one-half credit beginning in 2026–27 and defines the qualifying rigorous embedded-course alternative.", "officialUrl": "https://www.legis.state.pa.us/WU01/LI/LI/US/PDF/1949/0/0014..PDF", "effectiveDate": "2026–27 school year", "sourceId": "pa-school-code" }, { "identifier": "22 Pa. Code § 4.12(a)(10) and Appendix F", "title": "Academic Standards for Personal Finance", "summary": "Makes Pennsylvania’s K–12 Personal Finance standards effective July 1, 2026.", "officialUrl": "https://www.pacodeandbulletin.gov/secure/pacode/data/022/chapter4/chap4toc.html", "effectiveDate": "2026-07-01", "sourceId": "pa-chapter-4" }, { "identifier": "22 Pa. Code § 4.23(c)(11)", "title": "High school personal finance instruction", "summary": "Requires planned instruction aligned to personal finance academic standards for every high-school student.", "officialUrl": "https://www.pacodeandbulletin.gov/secure/pabulletin/data/vol55/55-6/184a.html", "effectiveDate": "2026-07-01", "sourceId": "pa-chapter-4" }, { "identifier": "22 Pa. Code § 4.24(c)", "title": "High school graduation requirements", "summary": "Requires locally adopted graduation rules to include course completion and demonstration of proficiency in state academic standards not covered by a state assessment.", "officialUrl": "https://www.pacodeandbulletin.gov/secure/pacode/data/022/chapter4/s4.24.html", "effectiveDate": null, "sourceId": "pa-graduation-rule" }, { "identifier": "24 P.S. § 16-1605(d)", "title": "Application of personal finance credit", "summary": "Allows up to one personal-finance credit to satisfy social studies, family and consumer science, mathematics, or business education, with the public school governing body choosing the applicable category.", "officialUrl": "https://www.legis.state.pa.us/WU01/LI/LI/US/PDF/1949/0/0014..PDF", "effectiveDate": "2020–21 school year", "sourceId": "pa-credit-allocation" } ], "educatorNotes": [ { "text": "Plan a standards-aligned course that every student completes once in grades 9–12. The ordinary statutory value is at least one-half credit or half of a full credit.", "sourceIds": [ "pa-school-code", "pa-pde-personal-finance" ] }, { "text": "Use the embedded-course exception only for the specific rigorous programs named in Section 1551(b.1)(5.1). A typical locally integrated unit is not automatically equivalent to the statutory exception.", "sourceIds": [ "pa-school-code", "pa-implementation-guide" ] }, { "text": "Align high-school course content to all six areas in Appendix F and use appropriately certified staff identified by PDE’s certification and staffing guidance.", "sourceIds": [ "pa-personal-finance-standards", "pa-pde-personal-finance" ] } ], "sources": [ { "id": "pa-school-code", "title": "Public School Code of 1949, Section 1551", "authority": "Pennsylvania General Assembly", "url": "https://www.legis.state.pa.us/WU01/LI/LI/US/PDF/1949/0/0014..PDF", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": "2026-07-12", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Section 1551(b.1)(1)–(6), PDF pages 634–635", "supports": [ "mandatory course", "half-credit value", "grades 9–12", "Class of 2027 coverage", "IEP accommodations", "rigorous embedded-course exception", "covered schools" ], "excerpt": "Beginning with the 2026-2027 school year ... a school entity or nonpublic school shall provide a mandatory course in personal financial literacy." }, { "id": "pa-personal-finance-standards", "title": "Academic Standards for Personal Finance, Grades K–12", "authority": "Pennsylvania State Board of Education", "url": "https://www.pa.gov/content/dam/copapwp-pagov/en/stateboard/documents/regulations-and-statements/state-academic-standards/personal%20finance%20standards.pdf", "sourceType": "standards", "publicationDate": "2025-02-08", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Appendix F, PDF pages 3–14; Board approval shown on each page", "supports": [ "September 12, 2024 adoption", "all grades 9–12 standards", "six content areas", "effective date" ], "excerpt": "As approved by the State Board of Education on September 12, 2024." }, { "id": "pa-pde-personal-finance", "title": "Personal Finance", "authority": "Pennsylvania Department of Education", "url": "https://www.pa.gov/agencies/education/programs-and-services/instruction/elementary-and-secondary-education/curriculum/economic-education", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Academic Standards for Personal Finance; Mandatory High School Course", "supports": [ "implementation date", "course overview", "student completion", "standards areas", "certification resources" ], "excerpt": "Effective with the 2026-2027 school year, all Pennsylvania schools will be required to implement a mandatory personal finance course." }, { "id": "pa-implementation-guide", "title": "School Code Implementation Guide", "authority": "Pennsylvania Department of Education", "url": "https://www.pa.gov/agencies/education/programs-and-services/schools/school-services/school-code-implementation-guide", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2026", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Phase 4, Section 1551, Personal Financial Literacy", "supports": [ "interpretation of embedded-course exception", "credit treatment", "qualifying course types" ], "excerpt": "A rigorous course with targeted personal financial literacy content may satisfy the statutory requirement even when the financial literacy content is embedded within another course." }, { "id": "pa-chapter-4", "title": "22 Pa. Code Chapter 4: Academic Standards and Assessment", "authority": "Pennsylvania Code", "url": "https://www.pacodeandbulletin.gov/secure/pacode/data/022/chapter4/chap4toc.html", "sourceType": "regulation", "publicationDate": "2025-02-08", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "§§ 4.12(a)(10), 4.21–4.23; Appendix F", "supports": [ "K–12 standards requirement", "high-school planned instruction", "effective date" ], "excerpt": "On and after July 1, 2026, the academic standards under this paragraph shall be based on the provisions of Appendix F." }, { "id": "pa-graduation-rule", "title": "22 Pa. Code § 4.24: High school graduation requirements", "authority": "Pennsylvania Code", "url": "https://www.pacodeandbulletin.gov/secure/pacode/data/022/chapter4/s4.24.html", "sourceType": "regulation", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Subsections (a) and (c)(1)(i)–(ii)", "supports": [ "local graduation-policy duty", "course completion", "proficiency in non-assessed state standards", "special education diploma rule" ], "excerpt": "Each school district ... shall adopt and implement requirements for high school graduation that, at minimum, include ... course completion and grades." }, { "id": "pa-credit-allocation", "title": "Public School Code of 1949, Section 1605(d)", "authority": "Pennsylvania General Assembly", "url": "https://www.legis.state.pa.us/WU01/LI/LI/US/PDF/1949/0/0014..PDF", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": "2019-11-27", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Section 1605(d), PDF page 695", "supports": [ "eligible graduation-credit categories", "local governing-body discretion", "one-credit mathematics cap" ], "excerpt": "The governing body of the student's public high school shall have discretion to determine the graduation credit requirement to which the credit earned by the student shall be applied." }, { "id": "pa-state-board-standards", "title": "State Academic Standards", "authority": "Pennsylvania State Board of Education", "url": "https://www.pa.gov/agencies/stateboard/resources/regulations--policy/state-academic-standards", "sourceType": "board_action", "publicationDate": "2025-02-08", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Personal Finance", "supports": [ "publication date", "effective date", "official standards link" ], "excerpt": "The Academic Standards for Personal Finance were published in the Pennsylvania Bulletin on February 8, 2025, and took effect on July 1, 2026." } ], "faq": [ { "question": "Does Pennsylvania require a personal finance course to graduate?", "answer": "Yes. Beginning in 2026–27, every student must complete personal financial literacy once during grades 9–12. The mandate applies to public school entities and nonpublic schools.", "sourceIds": [ "pa-school-code", "pa-pde-personal-finance" ] }, { "question": "How much personal finance credit does Pennsylvania require?", "answer": "The standard course must be worth at least one-half credit or half of a full credit. A qualifying AP, IB, Cambridge International, dual-credit, or concentrated CTE course with targeted personal finance content can satisfy the requirement under the 2026 exception.", "sourceIds": [ "pa-school-code", "pa-implementation-guide" ] }, { "question": "Does Pennsylvania require a stand-alone financial literacy course?", "answer": "Not in every case. The statute establishes a mandatory personal finance course, but Section 1551(b.1)(5.1) allows targeted financial literacy content embedded in certain rigorous college-level or concentrated CTE programs to satisfy it.", "sourceIds": [ "pa-school-code" ] }, { "question": "When did Pennsylvania’s personal finance requirement begin?", "answer": "The course requirement began in the 2026–27 school year. The new Personal Finance standards became effective July 1, 2026.", "sourceIds": [ "pa-school-code", "pa-personal-finance-standards" ] }, { "question": "What do Pennsylvania’s financial literacy standards cover?", "answer": "The grades 9–12 standards cover personal finance fundamentals, income, spending, saving and investing, risk and insurance, and credit. The complete high-school standards are listed on this page.", "sourceIds": [ "pa-personal-finance-standards" ] } ], "relatedStates": [] }, { "name": "Rhode Island", "abbreviation": "RI", "slug": "rhode-island", "jurisdictionType": "state", "lastReviewed": "2026-09-20", "researchStatus": "verified", "indexable": true, "seo": { "title": "Rhode Island Personal Finance Standards & Requirements", "description": "Rhode Island requires the class of 2024 and later to demonstrate financial literacy proficiency. Review course, project, and assessment pathways and official state sources.", "socialImage": "/icon-512.png" }, "summary": "Rhode Island requires every public high school student in the graduating class of 2024 and later to demonstrate proficiency in financial literacy before graduation. An LEA may use a standards-aligned course, project, controlled assessment, or another demonstration approved by the Council on Elementary and Secondary Education. Rhode Island therefore has a graduation requirement, but it does not require every student to complete a stand-alone personal finance course or a specified financial literacy credit.", "summarySourceIds": [ "ri-statute", "ri-regulation", "ri-guidance" ], "requirement": { "overallStatuses": [ "graduation_requirement", "integrated_requirement" ], "standaloneCourseRequired": false, "graduationRequirement": true, "creditRequirement": null, "gradeLevels": [ "Public high school" ], "effectiveDate": "2021-06-01", "effectiveSchoolYear": "Course offering by 2022-23; proficiency required beginning with class of 2024", "firstGraduatingClass": "2024", "assessmentRequired": false, "responsibleAgency": "Rhode Island Department of Education", "deliveryNotes": "Every public high school must offer a standards-aligned consumer education course. Students must demonstrate proficiency, but no statewide assessment is universally required: LEAs may choose a stand-alone course, a standards-aligned project, a controlled standards-aligned assessment, or another Council-approved demonstration. State law permits disability-related exceptions and accommodations when a student cannot reasonably be expected to demonstrate proficiency to Council standards.", "sourceIds": [ "ri-statute", "ri-regulation", "ri-guidance" ] }, "standardsDocument": { "title": "Rhode Island Financial Literacy Standards: National Standards for Personal Financial Education", "adoptingAuthority": "Rhode Island Council on Elementary and Secondary Education", "adoptionDate": "2021-12-07", "effectiveDate": null, "officialUrl": "https://ride.ri.gov/sites/g/files/xkgbur806/files/Portals/0/Uploads/Documents/Financial-Literacy/2021_Natl_Standards_Downloadable_final.pdf?ver=2022-03-31-113933-113", "sourceId": "ri-standards" }, "narrative": [ { "text": "Rhode Island's financial literacy requirement is based on proficiency rather than seat time or a fixed credit amount. Beginning with the class of 2024, a public high school student must demonstrate the knowledge and skills in the state-endorsed financial literacy standards before receiving a diploma.", "sourceIds": [ "ri-statute", "ri-regulation", "ri-guidance" ] }, { "text": "Each public high school has been required to offer a standards-aligned consumer education course since the start of the 2022-23 school year. That course-offering obligation is separate from the student's graduation pathway because an LEA may also accept a project, controlled assessment, or another Council-approved proficiency demonstration.", "sourceIds": [ "ri-statute", "ri-guidance" ] }, { "text": "Rhode Island endorsed the 2021 National Standards for Personal Financial Education on December 7, 2021. The cumulative grade-12 framework contains 68 standards across earning income, spending, saving, investing, managing credit, and managing risk.", "sourceIds": [ "ri-financial-literacy-page", "ri-guidance", "ri-standards" ] }, { "text": "The law applies to public schools and expressly excludes private schools. It also allows exceptions and accommodations for students with disabilities when a student cannot reasonably be expected to demonstrate proficiency to the Council's standards.", "sourceIds": [ "ri-statute" ] } ], "domains": [ { "name": "Earning Income", "summary": "Eleven grade-12 standards address compensation, benefits, education and careers, labor-market conditions, taxes, retirement income, and self-employment.", "standards": [ { "code": "Earning Income 12-1", "title": "Compensation may include wages, salaries, commissions, tips, bonuses,…", "description": "Compensation may include wages, salaries, commissions, tips, bonuses, and employer contributions to health, retirement, and education benefits.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 13-14" }, { "code": "Earning Income 12-2", "title": "Workers may value noncash benefits such as working conditions, flexible…", "description": "Workers may value noncash benefits such as working conditions, flexible hours, telecommuting, and advancement opportunities.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 13-14" }, { "code": "Earning Income 12-3", "title": "People weigh the present costs of additional education and training…", "description": "People weigh the present costs of additional education and training against future benefits such as greater earning potential.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 13-14" }, { "code": "Earning Income 12-4", "title": "Employers generally pay more to workers who are more educated, skilled,…", "description": "Employers generally pay more to workers who are more educated, skilled, and productive, while pay can also vary within and across jobs.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 13-14" }, { "code": "Earning Income 12-5", "title": "Economic conditions, technology, and labor-market changes can affect…", "description": "Economic conditions, technology, and labor-market changes can affect income, career opportunities, and employment status.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 13-14" }, { "code": "Earning Income 12-6", "title": "Federal, state, and local taxes fund public goods, services, and…", "description": "Federal, state, and local taxes fund public goods, services, and transfers, with major taxes including income, payroll, property, and sales taxes.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 13-14" }, { "code": "Earning Income 12-7", "title": "The type and amount of taxes owed depend on income sources, income…", "description": "The type and amount of taxes owed depend on income sources, income amount, and spending patterns.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 13-14" }, { "code": "Earning Income 12-8", "title": "Interest, dividends, and capital gains are forms of unearned investment…", "description": "Interest, dividends, and capital gains are forms of unearned investment income and can be taxed differently from earned income.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 13-14" }, { "code": "Earning Income 12-9", "title": "Tax deductions and tax credits reduce income-tax liability in different ways", "description": "Tax deductions and tax credits reduce income-tax liability in different ways.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 13-14" }, { "code": "Earning Income 12-10", "title": "Retirement income commonly combines continued work, Social Security,…", "description": "Retirement income commonly combines continued work, Social Security, employer-sponsored plans, and personal investments.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 13-14" }, { "code": "Earning Income 12-11", "title": "Small-business ownership and gig work can provide primary or…", "description": "Small-business ownership and gig work can provide primary or supplemental income while creating distinct costs and risks.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 13-14" } ] }, { "name": "Spending", "summary": "Nine grade-12 standards cover budgets, informed purchasing, durable goods, price presentation, research, housing, giving, consumer protection, and recordkeeping.", "standards": [ { "code": "Spending 12-1", "title": "A budget supports financial goals by allocating income among necessary…", "description": "A budget supports financial goals by allocating income among necessary and desired spending, saving, and charitable giving.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 18-19" }, { "code": "Spending 12-2", "title": "Consumer decisions reflect prices, alternatives, budgets, preferences,…", "description": "Consumer decisions reflect prices, alternatives, budgets, preferences, and possible environmental, social, and economic effects.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 18-19" }, { "code": "Spending 12-3", "title": "Purchases intended for long use should be evaluated for durability,…", "description": "Purchases intended for long use should be evaluated for durability, maintenance cost, and product features.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 18-19" }, { "code": "Spending 12-4", "title": "Advertised prices, inflation, fixed pricing, and negotiation can…", "description": "Advertised prices, inflation, fixed pricing, and negotiation can influence consumer choices and final cost.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 18-19" }, { "code": "Spending 12-5", "title": "Consumers incur costs and gain benefits when researching purchases and…", "description": "Consumers incur costs and gain benefits when researching purchases and resisting impulse buying and manipulative advertising.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 18-19" }, { "code": "Spending 12-6", "title": "Housing choices depend on preferences, circumstances, and costs and can…", "description": "Housing choices depend on preferences, circumstances, and costs and can affect satisfaction and financial well-being.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 18-19" }, { "code": "Spending 12-7", "title": "People may donate money, goods, or time because they value an…", "description": "People may donate money, goods, or time because they value an organization's services or gain satisfaction from giving.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 18-19" }, { "code": "Spending 12-8", "title": "Consumer laws, regulators, and protection agencies help people avoid…", "description": "Consumer laws, regulators, and protection agencies help people avoid unsafe products, unfair practices, and fraud.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 18-19" }, { "code": "Spending 12-9", "title": "An organized recordkeeping system for spending, saving, and investing…", "description": "An organized recordkeeping system for spending, saving, and investing supports better financial decisions.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 18-19" } ] }, { "name": "Saving", "summary": "Nine grade-12 standards examine account types, interest and fees, mobile and cryptocurrency accounts, inflation, regulation, tax incentives, workplace plans, shared finances, and saving behavior.", "standards": [ { "code": "Saving 12-1", "title": "Savings accounts, money-market accounts, and certificates of deposit…", "description": "Savings accounts, money-market accounts, and certificates of deposit differ in minimum deposits, rates, access, and insurance coverage.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 23-24" }, { "code": "Saving 12-2", "title": "Deposit rates and fees vary across institutions and respond to market…", "description": "Deposit rates and fees vary across institutions and respond to market conditions and competition.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 23-24" }, { "code": "Saving 12-3", "title": "Mobile-payment and cryptocurrency accounts may lack federal deposit…", "description": "Mobile-payment and cryptocurrency accounts may lack federal deposit insurance and commonly do not pay interest.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 23-24" }, { "code": "Saving 12-4", "title": "Inflation erodes savings when the account's interest rate is below the…", "description": "Inflation erodes savings when the account's interest rate is below the inflation rate.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 23-24" }, { "code": "Saving 12-5", "title": "Federal and state regulators supervise financial institutions for…", "description": "Federal and state regulators supervise financial institutions for solvency, legal compliance, and consumer protection.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 23-24" }, { "code": "Saving 12-6", "title": "Tax policies can encourage saving through pretax contributions or…", "description": "Tax policies can encourage saving through pretax contributions or reduced and deferred taxes on earnings.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 23-24" }, { "code": "Saving 12-7", "title": "Employer retirement plans, matching contributions, automatic enrollment,…", "description": "Employer retirement plans, matching contributions, automatic enrollment, and health savings accounts can encourage saving.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 23-24" }, { "code": "Saving 12-8", "title": "Sharing financial information, goals, and values before combining…", "description": "Sharing financial information, goals, and values before combining finances can reduce future conflict with a partner or spouse.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 23-24" }, { "code": "Saving 12-9", "title": "Automation, employer matches, and awareness of psychological, emotional,…", "description": "Automation, employer matches, and awareness of psychological, emotional, and external influences can help people sustain saving.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 23-24" } ] }, { "name": "Investing", "summary": "Fourteen grade-12 standards address risk tolerance, return, inflation, diversification, costs, taxes, behavioral biases, financial technology, regulation, benchmarks, and advisers.", "standards": [ { "code": "Investing 12-1", "title": "Investment risk tolerance depends on personality, resources, experience,…", "description": "Investment risk tolerance depends on personality, resources, experience, and life circumstances.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 28-30" }, { "code": "Investing 12-2", "title": "Investment returns come from price changes and cash flows, and nominal…", "description": "Investment returns come from price changes and cash flows, and nominal return expresses the annual benefit relative to starting value.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 28-30" }, { "code": "Investing 12-3", "title": "Investors generally expect higher returns for accepting greater risk,…", "description": "Investors generally expect higher returns for accepting greater risk, with risk and return varying across asset types and maturities.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 28-30" }, { "code": "Investing 12-4", "title": "Inflation reduces purchasing power, making real investment return lower…", "description": "Inflation reduces purchasing power, making real investment return lower than nominal return.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 28-30" }, { "code": "Investing 12-5", "title": "Asset prices respond to market conditions, interest rates, company…", "description": "Asset prices respond to market conditions, interest rates, company performance, new information, and investor demand.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 28-30" }, { "code": "Investing 12-6", "title": "Diversification and asset allocation should reflect an investor's…", "description": "Diversification and asset allocation should reflect an investor's tolerance for risk, goals, and time horizon.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 28-30" }, { "code": "Investing 12-7", "title": "The costs of buying, selling, and holding assets reduce investment returns", "description": "The costs of buying, selling, and holding assets reduce investment returns.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 28-30" }, { "code": "Investing 12-8", "title": "Tax treatment affects return and varies with holding period, income…", "description": "Tax treatment affects return and varies with holding period, income type, and account type.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 28-30" }, { "code": "Investing 12-9", "title": "Behavioral biases such as loss aversion and home bias can harm…", "description": "Behavioral biases such as loss aversion and home bias can harm investment outcomes.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 28-30" }, { "code": "Investing 12-10", "title": "Automation and other financial technologies can counter emotional and…", "description": "Automation and other financial technologies can counter emotional and behavioral mistakes in investing.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 28-30" }, { "code": "Investing 12-11", "title": "Discount brokers and robo-advisers use technology to provide lower-cost…", "description": "Discount brokers and robo-advisers use technology to provide lower-cost investment access and advice.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 28-30" }, { "code": "Investing 12-12", "title": "Federal regulation seeks to give investors accurate information and…", "description": "Federal regulation seeks to give investors accurate information and protection from fraud and insider trading.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 28-30" }, { "code": "Investing 12-13", "title": "Investors compare portfolio results with diversified market benchmarks…", "description": "Investors compare portfolio results with diversified market benchmarks such as stock or bond indices.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 28-30" }, { "code": "Investing 12-14", "title": "Licensing, certifications, education, experience, and cost are important…", "description": "Licensing, certifications, education, experience, and cost are important criteria when selecting a financial professional.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 28-30" } ] }, { "name": "Managing Credit", "summary": "Thirteen grade-12 standards cover borrowing cost, collateral, mortgages, education finance, down payments, reports and scores, debt relief, bankruptcy, protections, and alternative services.", "standards": [ { "code": "Managing Credit 12-1", "title": "Borrowers compare credit cost using APR and contract terms such as grace…", "description": "Borrowers compare credit cost using APR and contract terms such as grace periods, interest calculations, and fees.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 34-35" }, { "code": "Managing Credit 12-2", "title": "Secured loans generally carry lower interest than unsecured loans…", "description": "Secured loans generally carry lower interest than unsecured loans because collateral reduces lender risk.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 34-35" }, { "code": "Managing Credit 12-3", "title": "Mortgage payments vary with principal, repayment period, and whether the…", "description": "Mortgage payments vary with principal, repayment period, and whether the interest rate is fixed or adjustable.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 34-35" }, { "code": "Managing Credit 12-4", "title": "Postsecondary education is commonly financed through scholarships,…", "description": "Postsecondary education is commonly financed through scholarships, grants, loans, work-study, and savings.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 34-35" }, { "code": "Managing Credit 12-5", "title": "Federal student loans generally offer lower rates and more favorable…", "description": "Federal student loans generally offer lower rates and more favorable terms than private student loans and may be subsidized.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 34-35" }, { "code": "Managing Credit 12-6", "title": "Down payments reduce the amount borrowed and can lower payments and…", "description": "Down payments reduce the amount borrowed and can lower payments and improve a borrower’s position with a lender.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 34-35" }, { "code": "Managing Credit 12-7", "title": "Lenders evaluate creditworthiness using reports compiled by credit…", "description": "Lenders evaluate creditworthiness using reports compiled by credit bureaus, which consumers should review and correct when needed.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 34-35" }, { "code": "Managing Credit 12-8", "title": "A credit score estimates credit risk using report information and can…", "description": "A credit score estimates credit risk using report information and can affect access to and cost of credit.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 34-35" }, { "code": "Managing Credit 12-9", "title": "Landlords, employers, and insurers may use credit reports and scores for…", "description": "Landlords, employers, and insurers may use credit reports and scores for decisions beyond lending.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 34-35" }, { "code": "Managing Credit 12-10", "title": "Borrowers unable to repay debt may seek management assistance from…", "description": "Borrowers unable to repay debt may seek management assistance from nonprofit or for-profit services.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 34-35" }, { "code": "Managing Credit 12-11", "title": "Bankruptcy may provide liquidation or reorganization options in extreme…", "description": "Bankruptcy may provide liquidation or reorganization options in extreme cases but can affect assets, employment, and future credit.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 34-35" }, { "code": "Managing Credit 12-12", "title": "Consumer credit laws govern disclosure, discrimination, marketing, and…", "description": "Consumer credit laws govern disclosure, discrimination, marketing, and debt-collection practices.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 34-35" }, { "code": "Managing Credit 12-13", "title": "Payday loans, check-cashing services, pawnshops, and instant tax refunds…", "description": "Payday loans, check-cashing services, pawnshops, and instant tax refunds provide costly alternatives to traditional financial services.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 34-35" } ] }, { "name": "Managing Risk", "summary": "Twelve grade-12 standards cover risk tolerance, insurance choices, mandatory coverage, premiums, health and disability plans, property and life insurance, public programs, fraud, identity theft, and warranties.", "standards": [ { "code": "Managing Risk 12-1", "title": "People differ in their willingness to accept risk and in what they will…", "description": "People differ in their willingness to accept risk and in what they will pay to transfer possible losses through insurance.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 39-40" }, { "code": "Managing Risk 12-2", "title": "Insurance-purchase decisions depend on risk exposure, premium cost,…", "description": "Insurance-purchase decisions depend on risk exposure, premium cost, attitudes, age, occupation, lifestyle, and financial profile.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 39-40" }, { "code": "Managing Risk 12-3", "title": "Some insurance is mandatory, such as lender-required homeowners coverage…", "description": "Some insurance is mandatory, such as lender-required homeowners coverage or state-required auto liability coverage.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 39-40" }, { "code": "Managing Risk 12-4", "title": "Premiums may be lower when policyholders reduce loss risk or accept…", "description": "Premiums may be lower when policyholders reduce loss risk or accept higher deductibles and copayments.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 39-40" }, { "code": "Managing Risk 12-5", "title": "Health insurance covers medically necessary and sometimes preventive…", "description": "Health insurance covers medically necessary and sometimes preventive care and may be offered through an employer.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 39-40" }, { "code": "Managing Risk 12-6", "title": "Disability insurance replaces income lost because of injury or illness,…", "description": "Disability insurance replaces income lost because of injury or illness, while public programs may provide additional protection.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 39-40" }, { "code": "Managing Risk 12-7", "title": "Auto, homeowners, and renters policies can reimburse property losses and…", "description": "Auto, homeowners, and renters policies can reimburse property losses and cover liability for harm to others.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 39-40" }, { "code": "Managing Risk 12-8", "title": "Life insurance provides funds intended to replace income or support…", "description": "Life insurance provides funds intended to replace income or support beneficiaries after an insured person's death.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 39-40" }, { "code": "Managing Risk 12-9", "title": "Unemployment insurance, Medicaid, and Medicare are public programs that…", "description": "Unemployment insurance, Medicaid, and Medicare are public programs that protect against specified economic hardships.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 39-40" }, { "code": "Managing Risk 12-10", "title": "Insurance fraud includes illegal acts by buyers or sellers and can carry…", "description": "Insurance fraud includes illegal acts by buyers or sellers and can carry legal consequences.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 39-40" }, { "code": "Managing Risk 12-11", "title": "Unsafe online behavior and poor document security can expose consumers…", "description": "Unsafe online behavior and poor document security can expose consumers to privacy violations, identity theft, and fraud.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 39-40" }, { "code": "Managing Risk 12-12", "title": "Extended warranties and service contracts transfer some product-failure…", "description": "Extended warranties and service contracts transfer some product-failure risk but should be evaluated against replacement cost and failure likelihood.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grade 12", "sourceId": "ri-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 39-40" } ] } ], "policyTimeline": [ { "date": "2021-06-01", "event": "The financial literacy amendments to R.I. Gen. Laws § 16-22-13 took effect.", "sourceId": "ri-statute" }, { "date": "2021-12-07", "event": "The Council on Elementary and Secondary Education endorsed the updated Rhode Island Financial Literacy Standards.", "sourceId": "ri-guidance" }, { "date": "2022-23", "event": "Every public high school was required to offer a course with consumer education instruction aligned to the statewide standards.", "sourceId": "ri-statute" }, { "date": "2022-11-15", "event": "The Council approved Readiness-Based Graduation Requirements that include financial literacy proficiency.", "sourceId": "ri-guidance" }, { "date": "2024", "event": "The first graduating class was required to demonstrate financial literacy proficiency.", "sourceId": "ri-statute" }, { "date": "2025-10", "event": "RIDE issued revised guidance describing course, project, assessment, and Council-approved proficiency pathways.", "sourceId": "ri-guidance" }, { "date": "2026", "event": "The statute's first regular review cycle for the standards, educator credentials, and instructional resources begins.", "sourceId": "ri-statute" } ], "lawsAndRules": [ { "identifier": "R.I. Gen. Laws § 16-22-13", "title": "Consumer education", "summary": "Requires every public high school to offer a standards-aligned course and every student in the class of 2024 and later to demonstrate proficiency through one of several permitted pathways.", "officialUrl": "https://webserver.rilegislature.gov/Statutes/TITLE16/16-22/16-22-13.htm", "effectiveDate": "2021-06-01", "sourceId": "ri-statute" }, { "identifier": "200-RICR-20-10-2.3.2", "title": "Real-World Relevant Proficiency Requirements", "summary": "Requires financial literacy proficiency beginning with the class of 2024 within Rhode Island's diploma system.", "officialUrl": "https://rules.sos.ri.gov/regulations/part/200-20-10-2", "effectiveDate": "2022-11-15", "sourceId": "ri-regulation" } ], "educatorNotes": [ { "text": "Every public high school must offer a standards-aligned consumer education course, even when an LEA also allows students to demonstrate proficiency through a project or assessment.", "sourceIds": [ "ri-statute" ] }, { "text": "Document the locally selected proficiency pathway and its alignment to the state-endorsed standards. Another type of demonstration requires Council approval.", "sourceIds": [ "ri-guidance", "ri-statute" ] }, { "text": "Apply the statutory disability exception and accommodations individually when a student cannot reasonably be expected to demonstrate proficiency to Council standards.", "sourceIds": [ "ri-statute" ] } ], "sources": [ { "id": "ri-statute", "title": "R.I. Gen. Laws § 16-22-13: Consumer education", "authority": "Rhode Island General Assembly", "url": "https://webserver.rilegislature.gov/Statutes/TITLE16/16-22/16-22-13.htm", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": "2021-06-01", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Subsections (a)-(l), especially (b), (g), (h), and (l)", "supports": [ "course offering", "class of 2024", "proficiency pathways", "disability exception", "private-school exclusion", "standards topics", "2026 review cycle" ], "excerpt": "Beginning with the graduating class of 2024, all students shall demonstrate proficiency in consumer education prior to graduating high school." }, { "id": "ri-regulation", "title": "Secondary Design: Middle and High School Learning Environments and the Rhode Island Diploma System", "authority": "Rhode Island Council on Elementary and Secondary Education", "url": "https://rules.sos.ri.gov/regulations/part/200-20-10-2", "sourceType": "regulation", "publicationDate": "2022-11-15", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "200-RICR-20-10-2.3.1 and 2.3.2", "supports": [ "20-credit framework", "financial literacy proficiency", "class of 2024", "local proficiency definition" ], "excerpt": "Students shall successfully demonstrate proficiency in ... Financial Literacy beginning with the Class of 2024." }, { "id": "ri-guidance", "title": "Financial Literacy Education Guidance and FAQ, Version 2", "authority": "Rhode Island Department of Education", "url": "https://ride.ri.gov/sites/g/files/xkgbur806/files/2025-10/Financial_Literacy_Guidance_Version_2_%28October_2025%29PDF_0.pdf", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2025-10", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "PDF pages 3-7", "supports": [ "class of 2024", "stand-alone course", "project", "assessment", "Council-approved alternative", "December 2021 standards endorsement", "implementation guidance" ], "excerpt": "LEAs can choose to allow students to demonstrate proficiency in one or more of the following ways: Standalone Course, Project, Assessment, or another demonstration approved by the Council." }, { "id": "ri-standards", "title": "National Standards for Personal Financial Education", "authority": "Rhode Island Department of Education and Rhode Island Council on Elementary and Secondary Education", "url": "https://ride.ri.gov/sites/g/files/xkgbur806/files/Portals/0/Uploads/Documents/Financial-Literacy/2021_Natl_Standards_Downloadable_final.pdf?ver=2022-03-31-113933-113", "sourceType": "standards", "publicationDate": "2021-10", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "PDF pages 13-14, 18-19, 23-24, 28-30, 34-35, and 39-40, grade-12 standards", "supports": [ "complete 68 grade-12 standards", "six domains", "state-endorsed framework" ], "excerpt": "The National Standards for Personal Financial Education is organized around six Topics, with Standards and Learning Outcomes expected by the end of the 4th, 8th, and 12th grades." }, { "id": "ri-financial-literacy-page", "title": "Financial Literacy", "authority": "Rhode Island Department of Education", "url": "https://ride.ri.gov/instruction-assessment/financial-literacy", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "State law, standards adoption, and graduation requirement overview", "supports": [ "June 2021 law", "December 2021 standards approval", "class of 2024", "current guidance" ], "excerpt": "Beginning with the graduating class of 2024, all students must demonstrate proficiency in consumer education prior to graduating high school." } ], "faq": [ { "question": "Does Rhode Island require financial literacy to graduate?", "answer": "Yes. Every public high school student in the class of 2024 and later must demonstrate financial literacy proficiency before graduation.", "sourceIds": [ "ri-statute", "ri-regulation" ] }, { "question": "Does Rhode Island require a stand-alone personal finance course?", "answer": "No. A stand-alone course is one permitted pathway, but an LEA may also use a standards-aligned project, controlled assessment, or another Council-approved proficiency demonstration.", "sourceIds": [ "ri-statute", "ri-guidance" ] }, { "question": "How many financial literacy credits does Rhode Island require?", "answer": "Rhode Island does not set a separate statewide financial literacy credit amount. The statewide rule is a proficiency requirement, and LEAs determine how the demonstration fits their local graduation program.", "sourceIds": [ "ri-regulation", "ri-guidance" ] }, { "question": "Must Rhode Island high schools offer a financial literacy course?", "answer": "Yes. Since the start of the 2022-23 school year, every public high school has been required to offer a course that includes consumer education aligned to the statewide standards.", "sourceIds": [ "ri-statute" ] }, { "question": "Do Rhode Island's financial literacy requirements apply to private schools?", "answer": "No. R.I. Gen. Laws § 16-22-13 expressly states that the section does not apply to private schools.", "sourceIds": [ "ri-statute" ] } ], "relatedStates": [] }, { "name": "South Carolina", "abbreviation": "SC", "slug": "south-carolina", "jurisdictionType": "state", "lastReviewed": "2026-09-20", "researchStatus": "verified", "indexable": true, "seo": { "title": "South Carolina Personal Finance Standards & Requirements", "description": "South Carolina requires a half credit in financial literacy beginning with the 2023-24 freshman class. Review graduation rules, approved Personal Finance standards, credit treatment, and official sources.", "socialImage": "/icon-512.png" }, "summary": "South Carolina requires students in the freshman class of 2023-24 and later to earn 0.5 credit in financial literacy for a public high school diploma. The half credit is part of the state's 24-credit total. Personal Finance 5141 is one qualifying half-unit course with 50 detailed standards, but it is not the only statewide route: Department guidance identifies six additional vetted CTE courses that may satisfy the requirement.", "summarySourceIds": [ "sc-regulation", "sc-grad-page", "sc-standards", "sc-faq" ], "requirement": { "overallStatuses": [ "graduation_requirement", "integrated_requirement" ], "standaloneCourseRequired": false, "graduationRequirement": true, "creditRequirement": "0.5 credit in financial literacy within the 24-credit diploma total", "gradeLevels": [ "Grades 9-12", "Freshman class of 2023-24 and later" ], "effectiveDate": null, "effectiveSchoolYear": "2023-24 entering freshman cohort", "firstGraduatingClass": null, "assessmentRequired": null, "responsibleAgency": "South Carolina Department of Education and State Board of Education", "deliveryNotes": "Regulation 43-234 requires the half credit and states that one credit in CATE Personal Finance earns one-half credit for Financial Literacy. Personal Finance 5141 is one qualifying route, while Department guidance also identifies Banking Services 5271, Business Finance 5273, Entrepreneurship 5400, Financial Fitness 1 5812, Advanced Personal Finance 5131, and Securities and Investments 5277. A half unit normally represents 60 hours, subject to approved proficiency-based credit options. No statewide personal finance end-of-course assessment was identified.", "sourceIds": [ "sc-regulation", "sc-grad-page", "sc-standards", "sc-faq", "sc-code" ] }, "standardsDocument": { "title": "South Carolina Personal Finance Course Standards, Course 5141", "adoptingAuthority": "South Carolina Department of Education", "adoptionDate": null, "effectiveDate": null, "officialUrl": "https://ed.sc.gov/instruction/career-and-technical-education/programs-and-courses/cte-course-standards/2021-22-new-and-revised-cte-course-standards-field-review/2022-23-new-and-revised-course-standards/sc-personal-finance/", "sourceId": "sc-standards" }, "narrative": [ { "text": "South Carolina's financial literacy rule is a credit-bearing graduation requirement. Beginning with students who entered grade 9 in 2023-24, a public high school diploma requires one-half credit in financial literacy as part of the statewide 24-credit minimum.", "sourceIds": [ "sc-regulation", "sc-grad-page" ] }, { "text": "The current state requirement is separate from the half-credit Economics and Personal Finance course listed on the Department's social studies resource page. The Department explicitly warns that those resources and the distinct half-credit Financial Literacy requirement have different scopes and satisfy different graduation requirements.", "sourceIds": [ "sc-finlit-page", "sc-regulation" ] }, { "text": "South Carolina's Personal Finance course, code 5141, carries one-half unit, is recommended for grades 9-12, and has no prerequisite. It is not the only qualifying course: current Department guidance also approves Banking Services 5271, Business Finance 5273, Entrepreneurship 5400, Financial Fitness 1 5812, Advanced Personal Finance 5131, and Securities and Investments 5277.", "sourceIds": [ "sc-standards", "sc-faq" ] }, { "text": "The official Personal Finance framework contains 50 standards in seven groups: managing personal finances; insurance and risk; banking; credit; financing education and training; taxes; and financial security. The framework emphasizes applied tasks such as budgets, account reconciliation, loan applications, financial-aid analysis, tax forms, and an investment portfolio.", "sourceIds": [ "sc-standards" ] }, { "text": "Regulation 43-234 normally treats a half unit as at least 60 hours, while allowing credit through an approved proficiency-based system. It also permits schools to accept transfer credits that meet the regulation's conditions.", "sourceIds": [ "sc-regulation" ] } ], "domains": [ { "name": "Managing personal finances", "summary": "Six standards address responsibility, decision-making, purchasing, budgeting, marketing, and online safety.", "standards": [ { "code": "A.1", "title": "Explain responsibility for personal financial decisions", "description": "Explain responsibility for personal financial decisions.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 5141, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "sc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 1" }, { "code": "A.2", "title": "Apply decision-making skills to needs, wants, cost-benefit analysis, and…", "description": "Apply decision-making skills to needs, wants, cost-benefit analysis, and financial goals.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 5141, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "sc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 1" }, { "code": "A.3", "title": "Apply strategies for informed purchasing decisions", "description": "Apply strategies for informed purchasing decisions.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 5141, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "sc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 1" }, { "code": "A.4", "title": "Describe the importance of budgeting", "description": "Describe the importance of budgeting.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 5141, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "sc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 1" }, { "code": "A.5", "title": "Analyze how social-media marketing encourages spending", "description": "Analyze how social-media marketing encourages spending.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 5141, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "sc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 1" }, { "code": "A.6", "title": "Investigate methods to protect financial information against privacy…", "description": "Investigate methods to protect financial information against privacy loss, identity theft, and fraud.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 5141, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "sc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 1" } ] }, { "name": "Insurance and risk", "summary": "Seven standards cover insurance terms, risk strategies, major policy types, premiums, and coverage choices.", "standards": [ { "code": "B.1", "title": "Define insurance principles and fundamental policy terminology", "description": "Define insurance principles and fundamental policy terminology.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 5141, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "sc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 1-2" }, { "code": "B.2", "title": "Describe risk avoidance, reduction, assumption, and transfer", "description": "Describe risk avoidance, reduction, assumption, and transfer.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 5141, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "sc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 1-2" }, { "code": "B.3", "title": "Explain personal automobile policy terms and features", "description": "Explain personal automobile policy terms and features.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 5141, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "sc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 1-2" }, { "code": "B.4", "title": "Analyze factors affecting insurance premiums", "description": "Analyze factors affecting insurance premiums.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 5141, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "sc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 1-2" }, { "code": "B.5", "title": "Identify the purpose and features of health insurance", "description": "Identify the purpose and features of health insurance.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 5141, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "sc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 1-2" }, { "code": "B.6", "title": "Compare term, whole-life, and variable-life insurance", "description": "Compare term, whole-life, and variable-life insurance.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 5141, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "sc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 1-2" }, { "code": "B.7", "title": "Investigate renters, disability, liability, and other insurance products", "description": "Investigate renters, disability, liability, and other insurance products.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 5141, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "sc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 1-2" } ] }, { "name": "Banking services", "summary": "Eight standards require evaluation of institutions, accounts, statements, fees, digital services, and electronic payments.", "standards": [ { "code": "C.1", "title": "Evaluate services offered by financial institutions", "description": "Evaluate services offered by financial institutions.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 5141, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "sc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 2" }, { "code": "C.2", "title": "Explain how to open and manage checking and savings accounts", "description": "Explain how to open and manage checking and savings accounts.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 5141, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "sc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 2" }, { "code": "C.3", "title": "Identify the components of a bank statement", "description": "Identify the components of a bank statement.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 5141, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "sc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 2" }, { "code": "C.4", "title": "Reconcile a checking account", "description": "Reconcile a checking account.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 5141, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "sc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 2" }, { "code": "C.5", "title": "Describe fees and incentives in online, mobile, and traditional banking", "description": "Describe fees and incentives in online, mobile, and traditional banking.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 5141, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "sc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 2" }, { "code": "C.6", "title": "Explain the effect of Internet access and technology on banking", "description": "Explain the effect of Internet access and technology on banking.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 5141, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "sc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 2" }, { "code": "C.7", "title": "Differentiate electronic transaction types and regulations", "description": "Differentiate electronic transaction types and regulations.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 5141, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "sc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 2" }, { "code": "C.8", "title": "Compare peer-to-peer and digital-wallet payment services", "description": "Compare peer-to-peer and digital-wallet payment services.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 5141, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "sc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 2" } ] }, { "name": "Managing credit", "summary": "Seven standards cover debt sources, borrowing cost, reports and scores, protections, high-risk debt, applications, and amortization.", "standards": [ { "code": "D.1", "title": "Identify credit and debt sources, including cards, auto finance,…", "description": "Identify credit and debt sources, including cards, auto finance, mortgages, and student loans.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 5141, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "sc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 2-3" }, { "code": "D.2", "title": "Evaluate credit costs and benefits, including rates, terms, fees, and…", "description": "Evaluate credit costs and benefits, including rates, terms, fees, and credit-score effects.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 5141, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "sc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 2-3" }, { "code": "D.3", "title": "Explain how credit scores and profiles are determined", "description": "Explain how credit scores and profiles are determined.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 5141, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "sc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 2-3" }, { "code": "D.4", "title": "Explain consumer rights, responsibilities, billing disputes, credit…", "description": "Explain consumer rights, responsibilities, billing disputes, credit reporting, bankruptcy, and equal-credit protections.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 5141, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "sc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 2-3" }, { "code": "D.5", "title": "Identify high-risk repayment strategies and ways to avoid payday loans,…", "description": "Identify high-risk repayment strategies and ways to avoid payday loans, excessive credit, and bankruptcy.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 5141, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "sc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 2-3" }, { "code": "D.6", "title": "Complete a loan application and evaluate an amortization schedule", "description": "Complete a loan application and evaluate an amortization schedule.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 5141, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "sc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 2-3" }, { "code": "D.7", "title": "Calculate loan payment schedules using appropriate tools", "description": "Calculate loan payment schedules using appropriate tools.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 5141, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "sc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 2-3" } ] }, { "name": "Financing education and training", "summary": "Seven standards address postsecondary cost, financial aid, FAFSA, student loans, and education-saving options.", "standards": [ { "code": "E.1", "title": "Compare costs associated with postsecondary education or training", "description": "Compare costs associated with postsecondary education or training.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 5141, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "sc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" }, { "code": "E.2", "title": "Identify financial-aid sources", "description": "Identify financial-aid sources.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 5141, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "sc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" }, { "code": "E.3", "title": "Explain how to apply for postsecondary financial aid", "description": "Explain how to apply for postsecondary financial aid.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 5141, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "sc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" }, { "code": "E.4", "title": "Compare scholarships, grants, loans, and work-study by their effect on…", "description": "Compare scholarships, grants, loans, and work-study by their effect on net cost.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 5141, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "sc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" }, { "code": "E.5", "title": "Analyze the FAFSA process and its effect on aid", "description": "Analyze the FAFSA process and its effect on aid.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 5141, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "sc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" }, { "code": "E.6", "title": "Evaluate student-loan types and repayment options", "description": "Evaluate student-loan types and repayment options.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 5141, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "sc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" }, { "code": "E.7", "title": "Describe 529 Plans, Coverdell accounts, and other education-investment…", "description": "Describe 529 Plans, Coverdell accounts, and other education-investment options.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 5141, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "sc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" } ] }, { "name": "Understanding taxes", "summary": "Seven standards cover tax terms, government purposes, sales taxes, employment forms, benefits, pay, and filing.", "standards": [ { "code": "F.1", "title": "Define taxable income, credits, exemptions, deductions, inheritance and…", "description": "Define taxable income, credits, exemptions, deductions, inheritance and estate tax, and withholding.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 5141, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "sc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" }, { "code": "F.2", "title": "Explain the purposes and types of taxes at different levels of government", "description": "Explain the purposes and types of taxes at different levels of government.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 5141, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "sc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" }, { "code": "F.3", "title": "Compute local taxes on products and services", "description": "Compute local taxes on products and services.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 5141, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "sc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" }, { "code": "F.4", "title": "Analyze W-2, 1099, W-4, and I-9 forms and their purposes", "description": "Analyze W-2, 1099, W-4, and I-9 forms and their purposes.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 5141, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "sc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" }, { "code": "F.5", "title": "Evaluate how taxes, transfer payments, and employee benefits affect…", "description": "Evaluate how taxes, transfer payments, and employee benefits affect disposable income.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 5141, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "sc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" }, { "code": "F.6", "title": "Compute gross earnings, payroll deductions, and net pay", "description": "Compute gross earnings, payroll deductions, and net pay.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 5141, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "sc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" }, { "code": "F.7", "title": "Complete and file a federal or state individual income-tax return", "description": "Complete and file a federal or state individual income-tax return.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 5141, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "sc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" } ] }, { "name": "Building financial security", "summary": "Eight standards address investments, risk and return, life-stage planning, retirement, estate planning, portfolios, and insurance.", "standards": [ { "code": "G.1", "title": "Define stocks, bonds, mutual funds, simple and compound interest, and…", "description": "Define stocks, bonds, mutual funds, simple and compound interest, and the Rule of 72.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 5141, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "sc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 3-4" }, { "code": "G.2", "title": "Explain the relationship between risk, return, and risk management", "description": "Explain the relationship between risk, return, and risk management.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 5141, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "sc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 3-4" }, { "code": "G.3", "title": "Identify funding needs for education, parenthood, housing, and retirement", "description": "Identify funding needs for education, parenthood, housing, and retirement.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 5141, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "sc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 3-4" }, { "code": "G.4", "title": "Analyze the effect of Social Security benefits on retirement planning", "description": "Analyze the effect of Social Security benefits on retirement planning.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 5141, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "sc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 3-4" }, { "code": "G.5", "title": "Differentiate IRAs, 401(k)s, 403(b)s, defined-benefit plans, annuities,…", "description": "Differentiate IRAs, 401(k)s, 403(b)s, defined-benefit plans, annuities, and target-date funds.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 5141, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "sc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 3-4" }, { "code": "G.6", "title": "Describe wills, trusts, gifts, and charitable contributions in estate…", "description": "Describe wills, trusts, gifts, and charitable contributions in estate planning.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 5141, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "sc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 3-4" }, { "code": "G.7", "title": "Develop a personal investment portfolio", "description": "Develop a personal investment portfolio.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 5141, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "sc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 3-4" }, { "code": "G.8", "title": "Explain the roles of insurance in financial planning", "description": "Explain the roles of insurance in financial planning.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 5141, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "sc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 3-4" } ] } ], "policyTimeline": [ { "date": "2003-06-25", "event": "South Carolina enacted section 59-29-165, requiring personal finance instruction in publicly supported high schools.", "sourceId": "sc-code" }, { "date": "2022-12", "event": "The Department published the current Personal Finance 5141 course standards for the half-unit graduation course.", "sourceId": "sc-standards" }, { "date": "2023-24", "event": "The first freshman cohort subject to the one-half-credit financial literacy graduation requirement entered high school.", "sourceId": "sc-regulation" } ], "lawsAndRules": [ { "identifier": "S.C. Code § 59-29-165", "title": "Instruction in personal finance", "summary": "Requires personal finance instruction for all students attending publicly supported high schools and directs the Department to help districts identify materials.", "officialUrl": "https://www.scstatehouse.gov/code/t59c029.php", "effectiveDate": "2003-06-25", "sourceId": "sc-code" }, { "identifier": "S.C. Code Regs. 43-234", "title": "Defined program, grades 9-12, and graduation requirements", "summary": "Requires one-half credit in financial literacy beginning with the 2023-24 freshman class within the 24-credit diploma total.", "officialUrl": "https://www.scstatehouse.gov/coderegs/Chapter%2043.pdf", "effectiveDate": null, "sourceId": "sc-regulation" } ], "educatorNotes": [ { "text": "Track the half-credit requirement for students who entered grade 9 in 2023-24 and later. It is a separate diploma component from Economics and Personal Finance.", "sourceIds": [ "sc-regulation", "sc-finlit-page" ] }, { "text": "Do not assume every student must take Personal Finance 5141. It is one qualifying option; current Department guidance identifies six additional vetted CTE courses that may satisfy the half credit.", "sourceIds": [ "sc-faq" ] }, { "text": "When offering Personal Finance 5141, use its complete 50-standard framework. It extends well beyond the overlapping economics and personal-finance social studies resources.", "sourceIds": [ "sc-standards" ] }, { "text": "If a student completes the one-credit CATE Personal Finance course, award the half-credit Financial Literacy requirement as Regulation 43-234 directs and apply the remaining credit according to current state and local coding rules.", "sourceIds": [ "sc-regulation", "sc-cte-guide" ] }, { "text": "Review transfer and proficiency-based credit individually under Regulation 43-234 rather than treating seat time as the only route to the half unit.", "sourceIds": [ "sc-regulation" ] } ], "sources": [ { "id": "sc-code", "title": "South Carolina Code of Laws, Title 59, Chapter 29", "authority": "South Carolina Legislature", "url": "https://www.scstatehouse.gov/code/t59c029.php", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": "2025", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Section 59-29-165, Instruction in personal finance", "supports": [ "required instruction", "public high schools", "Department materials support" ], "excerpt": "All students attending a high school in this State that is sustained or in any manner supported by public funds must receive instruction in the area of personal finance." }, { "id": "sc-regulation", "title": "South Carolina Code of Regulations, Regulation 43-234", "authority": "South Carolina State Board of Education and South Carolina Legislature", "url": "https://www.scstatehouse.gov/coderegs/Chapter%2043.pdf", "sourceType": "regulation", "publicationDate": "2023", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Defined Program, Grades 9-12, and Graduation Requirements", "supports": [ "24-credit total", "half credit", "freshman class of 2023-24", "CATE Personal Finance treatment", "proficiency credit", "transfer credit" ], "excerpt": "A student must earn one-half credit in financial literacy beginning with the freshman class of 2023-24." }, { "id": "sc-grad-page", "title": "South Carolina High School Diploma and State Regulations", "authority": "South Carolina Department of Education", "url": "https://ed.sc.gov/instruction/career-and-technical-education/south-carolina-high-school-diploma-and-state-regulations/", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Diploma requirements and current Regulation 43-234 link", "supports": [ "current graduation framework", "freshman class of 2023-24", "half-credit requirement" ], "excerpt": "Beginning with the entering freshman class of 2023-2024, each student must earn one-half credit in personal finance as a graduation requirement." }, { "id": "sc-standards", "title": "Personal Finance Course Standards, Code 5141", "authority": "South Carolina Department of Education", "url": "https://ed.sc.gov/instruction/career-and-technical-education/programs-and-courses/cte-course-standards/2021-22-new-and-revised-cte-course-standards-field-review/2022-23-new-and-revised-course-standards/sc-personal-finance/", "sourceType": "standards", "publicationDate": "2022-12", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "PDF pages 1-4, standards A.1 through G.8", "supports": [ "course code", "half unit", "grades 9-12", "no prerequisite", "complete 50 standards" ], "excerpt": "This one-half unit (.5) Personal Finance course fulfills the requirement for graduation credit." }, { "id": "sc-faq", "title": "Personal Finance Frequently Asked Questions", "authority": "South Carolina Department of Education", "url": "https://ed.sc.gov/instruction/career-and-technical-education/programs-and-courses/cte-course-standards/personal-finance-faq-1-checkedpdf/", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Qualifying-course question and approved course list", "supports": [ "multiple qualifying courses", "course codes", "no universal 5141 mandate" ], "excerpt": "Course 5141 Personal Finance is not the only course that meets the half-credit personal finance graduation requirement." }, { "id": "sc-finlit-page", "title": "Financial Literacy", "authority": "South Carolina Department of Education", "url": "https://www.ed.sc.gov/instruction/standards/social-studies/financial-literacy/", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Distinction between Economics and Personal Finance and Financial Literacy requirements", "supports": [ "separate requirements", "integrated instruction under §59-29-410" ], "excerpt": "These courses have distinct scopes and fulfill different graduation requirements." }, { "id": "sc-cte-guide", "title": "2026-27 Career and Technical Education Course and Program Guide", "authority": "South Carolina Department of Education", "url": "https://ed.sc.gov/instruction/career-and-technical-education/performance-accountability/cte-data-collection-and-reporting/2026-27-career-and-technical-education-course-and-program-guide/", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2026-04", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "PDF page 5, legislative requirement for one-half-unit Personal Finance course", "supports": [ "current CTE implementation", "half credit", "regulatory authority" ], "excerpt": "A student must earn one-half credit in financial literacy beginning with the freshman class of 2023-24." } ], "faq": [ { "question": "Does South Carolina require personal finance to graduate?", "answer": "Yes. Students in the freshman class of 2023-24 and later must earn one-half credit in financial literacy as part of the 24-credit public high school diploma.", "sourceIds": [ "sc-regulation", "sc-grad-page" ] }, { "question": "Which South Carolina students are first covered?", "answer": "The requirement begins with the freshman class of 2023-24. The controlling regulation names the entering cohort rather than a graduating class.", "sourceIds": [ "sc-regulation" ] }, { "question": "Does South Carolina require every student to take Personal Finance 5141?", "answer": "No. Course 5141 is one qualifying route, but Department guidance identifies six additional vetted CTE courses that may satisfy the half-credit requirement.", "sourceIds": [ "sc-faq" ] }, { "question": "Is South Carolina's financial literacy credit the same as Economics and Personal Finance?", "answer": "No. The Department expressly says the half-credit Economics and Personal Finance course and the separate half-credit Financial Literacy requirement have distinct scopes and fulfill different graduation requirements.", "sourceIds": [ "sc-finlit-page" ] }, { "question": "What does South Carolina Personal Finance 5141 cover?", "answer": "Its 50 standards cover money decisions, budgeting, consumer protection, insurance, banking, credit, postsecondary finance, taxes, investing, retirement, estate planning, and financial security.", "sourceIds": [ "sc-standards" ] }, { "question": "Can a one-credit South Carolina CATE Personal Finance course satisfy the requirement?", "answer": "Yes. Regulation 43-234 states that a student earning one credit in CATE Personal Finance receives one-half credit for Financial Literacy.", "sourceIds": [ "sc-regulation" ] } ], "relatedStates": [] }, { "name": "South Dakota", "abbreviation": "SD", "slug": "south-dakota", "jurisdictionType": "state", "lastReviewed": "2026-09-20", "researchStatus": "verified", "indexable": true, "seo": { "title": "South Dakota Personal Finance Standards & Requirements", "description": "South Dakota requires a half unit of personal finance or economics for graduation. Review the alternatives, credit rules, all course standards, and official state sources.", "socialImage": "/icon-512.png" }, "summary": "South Dakota requires every student to earn one-half unit of personal finance or economics as part of the state's 22-unit high school diploma. Economics is an explicit alternative, so the statewide rule does not require every student to take a stand-alone personal finance course. South Dakota has separate Personal Finance course standards for the half-credit CTE course, but districts may use an eligible economics course instead.", "summarySourceIds": [ "sd-rule", "sd-graduation", "sd-standards" ], "requirement": { "overallStatuses": [ "graduation_requirement", "integrated_requirement" ], "standaloneCourseRequired": false, "graduationRequirement": true, "creditRequirement": "0.5 unit of personal finance or economics", "gradeLevels": [ "High school" ], "effectiveDate": null, "effectiveSchoolYear": null, "firstGraduatingClass": null, "assessmentRequired": false, "responsibleAgency": "South Dakota Department of Education", "deliveryNotes": "Students must earn a half unit in either personal finance or economics. The same economics course may not also count as the social studies elective because courses may not be counted twice toward diploma requirements. South Dakota does not administer a statewide personal finance assessment.", "sourceIds": [ "sd-rule", "sd-graduation", "sd-infographic", "sd-standards-timeline" ] }, "standardsDocument": { "title": "South Dakota Personal Finance Course Standards", "adoptingAuthority": "South Dakota Board of Education Standards", "adoptionDate": "2022-05", "effectiveDate": null, "officialUrl": "https://doe.sd.gov/cte/documents/standards/19262-PerFinance.pdf", "sourceId": "sd-standards" }, "narrative": [ { "text": "South Dakota's graduation rule requires one-half unit of personal finance or economics within the 22-unit base diploma. The same half-unit requirement also appears in each optional advanced endorsement, so earning an endorsement does not remove it.", "sourceIds": [ "sd-rule", "sd-infographic" ] }, { "text": "The word or matters. A student can satisfy the requirement through economics, which means South Dakota has a financial education graduation credit but not a universal stand-alone personal finance course mandate.", "sourceIds": [ "sd-rule", "sd-graduation" ] }, { "text": "South Dakota's May 2022 Personal Finance course standards apply to course code 19262, a half-credit course in the Finance career cluster. They contain five broad standards and eleven sub-indicators covering income, money management, decision-making, credit, saving, investing, risk management, and consumer protection.", "sourceIds": [ "sd-standards", "sd-standards-page" ] }, { "text": "A student who uses economics for the half-unit requirement cannot also use that same course for the social studies elective requirement. The Department's graduation guidance prohibits counting a course more than once toward the base diploma requirements.", "sourceIds": [ "sd-infographic" ] } ], "domains": [ { "name": "Income", "summary": "Two sub-indicators address controllable personal-finance factors and the influences on take-home pay.", "standards": [ { "code": "PF 1.1", "title": "Explain controllable factors involved in personal finance", "description": "Explain controllable factors involved in personal finance.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance course 19262, 0.5 credit", "sourceId": "sd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 2" }, { "code": "PF 1.2", "title": "Analyze factors that affect take-home pay", "description": "Analyze factors that affect take-home pay.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance course 19262, 0.5 credit", "sourceId": "sd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 2" } ] }, { "name": "Managing Personal Finances", "summary": "Three sub-indicators require rational decision-making, comparison of money-management tools, and organized financial records.", "standards": [ { "code": "PF 2.1", "title": "Execute a rational decision-making process that considers alternatives…", "description": "Execute a rational decision-making process that considers alternatives and consequences.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance course 19262, 0.5 credit", "sourceId": "sd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 2" }, { "code": "PF 2.2", "title": "Differentiate among money-management tools", "description": "Differentiate among money-management tools.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance course 19262, 0.5 credit", "sourceId": "sd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 2" }, { "code": "PF 2.3", "title": "Create a system for organizing finances and maintaining records", "description": "Create a system for organizing finances and maintaining records.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance course 19262, 0.5 credit", "sourceId": "sd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 2" } ] }, { "name": "Credit and Debt", "summary": "Two sub-indicators focus on the sources, costs, benefits, and consequences of consumer credit.", "standards": [ { "code": "PF 3.1", "title": "Differentiate the sources, costs, and benefits of using consumer credit", "description": "Differentiate the sources, costs, and benefits of using consumer credit.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance course 19262, 0.5 credit", "sourceId": "sd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 2" }, { "code": "PF 3.2", "title": "Explain the positive and negative consequences of using credit", "description": "Explain the positive and negative consequences of using credit.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance course 19262, 0.5 credit", "sourceId": "sd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 2" } ] }, { "name": "Saving and Investing", "summary": "Two sub-indicators connect saving to security and investing to wealth and financial goals.", "standards": [ { "code": "PF 4.1", "title": "Explain how saving contributes to financial security", "description": "Explain how saving contributes to financial security.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance course 19262, 0.5 credit", "sourceId": "sd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 2" }, { "code": "PF 4.2", "title": "Explain how investing builds wealth and supports financial goals", "description": "Explain how investing builds wealth and supports financial goals.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance course 19262, 0.5 credit", "sourceId": "sd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 2" } ] }, { "name": "Risk Management and Consumer Protection", "summary": "Two sub-indicators address protection from financial loss and the role of consumer-protection law.", "standards": [ { "code": "PF 5.1", "title": "Evaluate how risk-management strategies protect against financial loss", "description": "Evaluate how risk-management strategies protect against financial loss.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance course 19262, 0.5 credit", "sourceId": "sd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 2" }, { "code": "PF 5.2", "title": "Determine how consumer-protection laws protect consumers", "description": "Determine how consumer-protection laws protect consumers.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance course 19262, 0.5 credit", "sourceId": "sd-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 2" } ] } ], "policyTimeline": [ { "date": "2005-03-02", "event": "The Board adopted a graduation framework that included a half unit of economics or personal finance, with later effective dates reflected in the rule history.", "sourceId": "sd-rule" }, { "date": "2018-07-16", "event": "The Board of Education Standards approved the current flexible 22-unit graduation framework.", "sourceId": "sd-graduation" }, { "date": "2018-09-19", "event": "The current version of the general graduation rule took effect and retained the half-unit personal finance or economics requirement.", "sourceId": "sd-rule" }, { "date": "2022-05", "event": "South Dakota adopted the current standards for the half-credit Personal Finance course, code 19262.", "sourceId": "sd-standards" } ], "lawsAndRules": [ { "identifier": "ARSD 24:43:11:02(6)", "title": "General requirements for high school graduation", "summary": "Requires one-half unit of personal finance or economics within the 22-unit base diploma and repeats the requirement for advanced endorsements.", "officialUrl": "https://sdlegislature.gov/api/Rules/Rule/24%3A43%3A11%3A02.html?all=true", "effectiveDate": "2018-09-19", "sourceId": "sd-rule" } ], "educatorNotes": [ { "text": "Confirm that each student earns the half unit through personal finance or economics; neither option is preferred by the statewide rule.", "sourceIds": [ "sd-rule", "sd-graduation" ] }, { "text": "Do not count an economics course for both the personal finance or economics requirement and a social studies elective. South Dakota's guidance prohibits double counting within the base diploma.", "sourceIds": [ "sd-infographic" ] }, { "text": "Use all five course standards and eleven sub-indicators when offering Personal Finance course 19262. No statewide personal finance assessment is scheduled.", "sourceIds": [ "sd-standards", "sd-standards-timeline" ] } ], "sources": [ { "id": "sd-rule", "title": "ARSD 24:43:11:02: General requirements for high school graduation", "authority": "South Dakota Board of Education Standards", "url": "https://sdlegislature.gov/api/Rules/Rule/24%3A43%3A11%3A02.html?all=true", "sourceType": "regulation", "publicationDate": "2018-09-19", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Subdivision (6), rule history, and related advanced endorsement rules", "supports": [ "half-unit requirement", "personal finance or economics", "graduation requirement", "advanced endorsements", "effective date" ], "excerpt": "The units of credit required for high school graduation must include ... one-half unit of personal finance or economics." }, { "id": "sd-graduation", "title": "South Dakota High School Graduation Requirements", "authority": "South Dakota Department of Education", "url": "https://doe.sd.gov/gradrequirements/index.aspx", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Current requirements overview and Administrative Rule 24:43:11", "supports": [ "July 2018 Board approval", "current diploma framework", "flexibility" ], "excerpt": "The requirements include a base of required coursework and the ability for students to earn endorsements on top of that base." }, { "id": "sd-infographic", "title": "South Dakota High School Graduation Requirements", "authority": "South Dakota Department of Education", "url": "https://doe.sd.gov/gradrequirements/documents/Grad-Infographic.pdf", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "PDF pages 1-3, base diploma and double-counting guidance", "supports": [ "22-unit diploma", "half-unit personal finance or economics", "advanced endorsements", "no double counting" ], "excerpt": "Economics cannot meet both the Social Studies elective credit requirement and the Personal Finance or Economics credit requirement." }, { "id": "sd-standards", "title": "Personal Finance Course Standards, Course Code 19262", "authority": "South Dakota Department of Education", "url": "https://doe.sd.gov/cte/documents/standards/19262-PerFinance.pdf", "sourceType": "standards", "publicationDate": "2022-05", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "PDF pages 1-2, course description and PF 1.1 through PF 5.2", "supports": [ "half-credit course", "complete 11 sub-indicators", "course code", "teacher endorsements" ], "excerpt": "This course will provide a foundational understanding for making informed personal financial decisions leading to financial independence." }, { "id": "sd-standards-page", "title": "South Dakota Content Standards", "authority": "South Dakota Department of Education", "url": "https://doe.sd.gov/ContentStandards/", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Personal Finance Standards, adopted 2022", "supports": [ "current standards document", "adoption year" ], "excerpt": "Personal Finance Standards - Adopted 2022." }, { "id": "sd-standards-timeline", "title": "South Dakota Standards Revision and Adoption Timeline", "authority": "South Dakota Department of Education", "url": "https://doe.sd.gov/ContentStandards/documents/StandardsTimeline-1025.pdf", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2025-10", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Finance and Personal Finance row", "supports": [ "standards cycle", "no statewide assessment" ], "excerpt": "Finance & Personal Finance ... No State Assessment." } ], "faq": [ { "question": "Does South Dakota require personal finance to graduate?", "answer": "South Dakota requires a half unit of personal finance or economics. A student must earn the credit, but economics can satisfy the requirement instead of personal finance.", "sourceIds": [ "sd-rule", "sd-graduation" ] }, { "question": "Does South Dakota require a stand-alone personal finance course?", "answer": "No. The statewide rule permits either personal finance or economics, so it does not require every student to take the stand-alone Personal Finance course.", "sourceIds": [ "sd-rule" ] }, { "question": "How much personal finance credit does South Dakota require?", "answer": "The requirement is one-half unit in personal finance or economics within the state's 22-unit base diploma.", "sourceIds": [ "sd-rule", "sd-infographic" ] }, { "question": "Can a South Dakota economics course count twice?", "answer": "No. If economics satisfies the personal finance or economics requirement, the same course cannot also satisfy the social studies elective requirement.", "sourceIds": [ "sd-infographic" ] }, { "question": "What do South Dakota's personal finance standards cover?", "answer": "The half-credit Personal Finance course standards cover income, take-home pay, financial decisions and records, credit and debt, saving and investing, risk management, and consumer-protection law.", "sourceIds": [ "sd-standards" ] } ], "relatedStates": [] }, { "name": "Tennessee", "abbreviation": "TN", "slug": "tennessee", "jurisdictionType": "state", "lastReviewed": "2026-09-20", "researchStatus": "verified", "indexable": true, "seo": { "title": "Tennessee Personal Finance Standards & Requirements", "description": "Learn about Tennessee's half-credit personal finance graduation requirement, approved substitutes, Class of 2013 start, and all 21 official standards.", "socialImage": "/icon-512.png" }, "summary": "Tennessee generally requires students to earn one-half credit in personal finance as part of the 22-credit minimum for a traditional high school diploma. The requirement began with the graduating Class of 2013. Students may complete the state Personal Finance course or use an approved substitute, and the separate Move on When Ready early-graduation program has its own 17-credit route that does not include personal finance.", "summarySourceIds": [ "tn-high-school-policy", "tn-graduation", "tn-substitutions", "tn-first-class" ], "requirement": { "overallStatuses": [ "graduation_requirement", "integrated_requirement" ], "standaloneCourseRequired": false, "graduationRequirement": true, "creditRequirement": "0.5 credit in Personal Finance or an approved substitute course", "gradeLevels": [ "Grades 9-12" ], "effectiveDate": null, "effectiveSchoolYear": "Students entering grade 9 in 2009-10 and later; first graduating class 2013", "firstGraduatingClass": "2013", "assessmentRequired": false, "responsibleAgency": "Tennessee State Board of Education", "deliveryNotes": "The state Personal Finance course is a half-credit course for grades 9-12. Current approved substitutes include the Dual Enrollment Business Program, Agricultural Business and Finance, Business Management, Entrepreneurship, and JROTC III when its instructor has completed the required personal finance training. The Move on When Ready early-graduation program has a separate 17-credit route and exempts participants from additional graduation requirements.", "sourceIds": [ "tn-high-school-policy", "tn-graduation", "tn-substitutions", "tn-standards", "tn-first-class", "tn-first-cohort-rule" ] }, "standardsDocument": { "title": "Tennessee Personal Finance Course Standards", "adoptingAuthority": "Tennessee State Board of Education", "adoptionDate": null, "effectiveDate": null, "officialUrl": "https://www.tn.gov/content/dam/tn/education/ccte/fin/cte_std_personal_finance_21.pdf", "sourceId": "tn-standards" }, "narrative": [ { "text": "Tennessee's graduation rules require one-half credit in personal finance within the 22-credit minimum for a traditional diploma. An official state financial-education page identifies the graduating Class of 2013 as the first class covered by the requirement.", "sourceIds": [ "tn-high-school-policy", "tn-first-class" ] }, { "text": "The requirement is a dedicated graduation credit, but the state does not require every student to complete the same stand-alone Personal Finance course. Tennessee's current substitutions policy permits specified business, finance, entrepreneurship, dual-enrollment, and JROTC coursework to satisfy the credit.", "sourceIds": [ "tn-substitutions", "tn-graduation" ] }, { "text": "The current Personal Finance course document, published in May 2025 under code G04H36, is a half-credit course open to grades 9-12. Its 21 standards cover financial decision-making, careers and income, postsecondary financing, budgeting and housing, consumer protection, credit, insurance, identity theft, saving, and investing. The reviewed sources did not establish the specific Board action that adopted this May 2025 revision.", "sourceIds": [ "tn-standards" ] }, { "text": "JROTC III may replace one-half credit of Personal Finance and one-half credit of U.S. Government and Civics when the instructor has completed the personal finance training required by the State Board's employment standards. In August 2026 the Board gave first reading to an additional AP Business with Personal Finance substitution, but that proposal was not part of the controlling February 2026 policy at this review.", "sourceIds": [ "tn-substitutions", "tn-teacher-rule", "tn-august-2026" ] }, { "text": "The general 22-credit framework is not the only route to a traditional diploma. Students who satisfy the separate Move on When Ready early-graduation program complete its listed 17 credits and are exempt from additional graduation requirements; personal finance is not among that program's listed credits.", "sourceIds": [ "tn-high-school-policy" ] } ], "domains": [ { "name": "Financial responsibility and personal decision-making", "summary": "Four standards introduce personal finance planning, goals, decision models, and emerging technology.", "standards": [ { "code": "1.1", "title": "Personal finance", "description": "Define personal finance, connect it to major life stages, and explain why personal financial planning matters.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "tn-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 5" }, { "code": "1.2", "title": "Goals", "description": "Write short-, mid-, and long-term education, career, earning, saving, and spending goals and evaluate factors that may influence them.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "tn-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 5" }, { "code": "1.3", "title": "Decision-making", "description": "Apply decision-making models to financial choices involving risk, opportunity cost, personal values, and individual goals.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "tn-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 5" }, { "code": "1.4", "title": "Emerging technologies", "description": "Evaluate the benefits, risks, and ethical use of cryptocurrency and artificial intelligence in personal financial decisions.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "tn-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 5" } ] }, { "name": "Education, careers, and income", "summary": "Five standards connect career planning, postsecondary choices, financial aid, student debt, and take-home pay.", "standards": [ { "code": "2.1", "title": "Aptitudes, strengths, and interests", "description": "Use career-aptitude results to connect personal strengths and interests with education, training, jobs, and careers.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "tn-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 5-6" }, { "code": "2.2", "title": "Career research", "description": "Evaluate education and training requirements, available jobs, salaries, lifetime earnings, benefits, and relocation for a career of interest.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "tn-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" }, { "code": "2.3", "title": "Postsecondary financing", "description": "Evaluate financial-aid options, complete a FAFSA exercise, and identify scholarships, grants, work-study, and other ways to reduce education costs.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "tn-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" }, { "code": "2.4", "title": "Financing postsecondary education", "description": "Assess how borrowing for different postsecondary options affects future financial stability and construct an evidence-based position on student debt.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "tn-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" }, { "code": "2.5", "title": "Take-home pay", "description": "Explain taxes, benefits, retirement contributions, and payroll deductions and complete or analyze sample federal tax and wage forms.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "tn-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" } ] }, { "name": "Planning, housing, and money management", "summary": "Six standards address net worth, budgets, renting, homeownership, consumer protection, and financial institutions.", "standards": [ { "code": "3.1", "title": "Net worth", "description": "Create a personal balance sheet, identify assets and liabilities, and calculate net worth for an identified career.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "tn-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 6-7" }, { "code": "3.2", "title": "Monthly budget", "description": "Research local living costs, create a monthly budget with taxes, savings, and an emergency fund, and compare planned with actual spending.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "tn-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 7" }, { "code": "3.3", "title": "Renting a home", "description": "Analyze lease terms, rental costs, flexibility, and other advantages and disadvantages of renting.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "tn-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 7" }, { "code": "3.4", "title": "Purchasing a home", "description": "Evaluate saving for a down payment, mortgage options, affordability, and the long-term financial effects of homeownership.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "tn-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 7" }, { "code": "3.5", "title": "Consumer protection", "description": "Investigate consumer-protection laws, agencies, and reliable national, state, and local resources for purchasing decisions.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "tn-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 7" }, { "code": "3.6", "title": "Financial institutions", "description": "Compare banks, credit unions, digital services, and account products and demonstrate common checking-account transactions and reconciliation.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "tn-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 7" } ] }, { "name": "Credit and debt", "summary": "Three standards cover sources of credit, credit reports and scores, and the full cost of borrowing.", "standards": [ { "code": "4.1", "title": "Consumer credit", "description": "Evaluate student, auto, installment, title, payday, and card credit and explain how early debt can affect later financial stability.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "tn-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 7-8" }, { "code": "4.2", "title": "Credit reporting", "description": "Interpret a credit report, explain credit scores and their effects on borrowing, and identify practices that support good credit.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "tn-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 8" }, { "code": "4.3", "title": "Cost of borrowing", "description": "Calculate borrowing costs, examine application and approval factors, and evaluate vehicle negotiations, warranties, financing, ownership, and leasing.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "tn-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 8" } ] }, { "name": "Risk management", "summary": "Two standards address insurance decisions and protection from identity theft and fraud.", "standards": [ { "code": "5.1", "title": "Insurance", "description": "Compare health, life, property, and auto insurance and explain how appropriate coverage supports financial stability and wealth preservation.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "tn-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 8" }, { "code": "5.2", "title": "Identity theft", "description": "Assess identity-theft situations and scams and create a plan for prevention, reporting, and restoring a victim's identity.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "tn-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 8-9" } ] }, { "name": "Saving and investing", "summary": "The final standard asks students to compare saving and investment vehicles and design a diversified plan.", "standards": [ { "code": "6.1", "title": "Saving and investing", "description": "Compare saving and investment strategies and design a diversified plan using personal goals, time value of money, and compound interest.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance, grades 9-12", "sourceId": "tn-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 9" } ] } ], "policyTimeline": [ { "date": "2009-10", "event": "The personal finance credit first applied to students entering grade 9 in 2009-10, corresponding to the graduating Class of 2013.", "sourceId": "tn-first-cohort-rule" }, { "date": "2020-05-29", "event": "The State Board gave final approval to revised Career and Technical Education Personal Finance standards.", "sourceId": "tn-standards-adoption" }, { "date": "2025-02-21", "event": "The Board revised High School Policy 2.103, which continues to list 0.5 Personal Finance credit within the 22-credit diploma minimum.", "sourceId": "tn-high-school-policy" }, { "date": "2026-02-27", "event": "The Board revised Graduation Permissions and Substitutions Policy 3.103, listing the current alternatives to the Personal Finance course.", "sourceId": "tn-substitutions" } ], "lawsAndRules": [ { "identifier": "State Board Policy 2.103", "title": "High School Policy", "summary": "Requires 0.5 Personal Finance credit within the general 22-credit minimum for a traditional high school diploma and separately defines the exempt 17-credit Move on When Ready route.", "officialUrl": "https://www.tn.gov/content/dam/tn/stateboardofeducation/documents/2025-sbe-meetings/february-21,-2025-sbe-meeting/2-21-25%20VII%20E%20High%20School%20Policy%202.103%20Attachment.pdf", "effectiveDate": "2025-02-21", "sourceId": "tn-high-school-policy" }, { "identifier": "State Board Policy 3.103", "title": "Graduation Permissions and Substitutions Policy", "summary": "Lists approved courses and programs that may substitute for Personal Finance, including the conditions for JROTC III.", "officialUrl": "https://www.tn.gov/content/dam/tn/stateboardofeducation/documents/2026-sbe-meetings/february-27,-2026-sbe-meeting/02-27-26%20VI%20F%20Graduation%20Permissions%20and%20Substitutions%20Policy%203.103%20Clean.pdf", "effectiveDate": "2026-02-27", "sourceId": "tn-substitutions" }, { "identifier": "Tenn. Comp. R. & Regs. 0520-02-06-.02(3)", "title": "Personal Finance employment standards", "summary": "Sets license, endorsement, and training qualifications for teachers assigned to Personal Finance.", "officialUrl": "https://publications.tnsosfiles.com/rules/0520/0520-02/0520-02-06.20241208.pdf", "effectiveDate": null, "sourceId": "tn-teacher-rule" } ], "educatorNotes": [ { "text": "Use course code G04H36 for the current half-credit Personal Finance course and teach all 21 standards in the May 2025 course document.", "sourceIds": [ "tn-standards" ] }, { "text": "A student may satisfy the graduation credit through an approved substitution, but local course scheduling should be checked against the current Policy 3.103 list.", "sourceIds": [ "tn-substitutions" ] }, { "text": "Teachers without an active economics, business, marketing, or family and consumer science endorsement must complete at least 14 hours of state-approved training on the standards.", "sourceIds": [ "tn-teacher-rule" ] }, { "text": "Do not apply the general half-credit requirement to a student completing the separate Move on When Ready program without checking that program's 17-credit list and exemption from additional requirements.", "sourceIds": [ "tn-high-school-policy" ] } ], "sources": [ { "id": "tn-high-school-policy", "title": "High School Policy 2.103", "authority": "Tennessee State Board of Education", "url": "https://www.tn.gov/content/dam/tn/stateboardofeducation/documents/2025-sbe-meetings/february-21,-2025-sbe-meeting/2-21-25%20VII%20E%20High%20School%20Policy%202.103%20Attachment.pdf", "sourceType": "board_action", "publicationDate": "2025-02-21", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Section I(3) and I(13), PDF pages 1 and 4; Section II(2) and II(5), PDF pages 6-8", "supports": [ "22-credit diploma minimum", "0.5 Personal Finance credit", "traditional diploma requirement", "Move on When Ready 17-credit route", "early-graduation exemption" ], "excerpt": "Personal Finance 0.5 credit." }, { "id": "tn-graduation", "title": "Graduation Requirements", "authority": "Tennessee Department of Education", "url": "https://www.tn.gov/education/families/graduation-requirements.html", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Traditional Diploma; required credits", "supports": [ "0.5 Personal Finance credit", "JROTC substitution summary", "22-credit minimum" ], "excerpt": "Personal Finance: 0.5 credits." }, { "id": "tn-substitutions", "title": "Graduation Permissions and Substitutions Policy 3.103", "authority": "Tennessee State Board of Education", "url": "https://www.tn.gov/content/dam/tn/stateboardofeducation/documents/2026-sbe-meetings/february-27,-2026-sbe-meeting/02-27-26%20VI%20F%20Graduation%20Permissions%20and%20Substitutions%20Policy%203.103%20Clean.pdf", "sourceType": "board_action", "publicationDate": "2026-02-27", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Section III(5), PDF pages 7-8", "supports": [ "approved substitute courses", "JROTC III conditions", "stand-alone distinction" ], "excerpt": "Courses substituting for a Personal Finance course must contain personal finance content that extends the student's knowledge of business or finance." }, { "id": "tn-standards", "title": "Personal Finance Course Standards", "authority": "Tennessee Department of Education", "url": "https://www.tn.gov/content/dam/tn/education/ccte/fin/cte_std_personal_finance_21.pdf", "sourceType": "standards", "publicationDate": "2025-05", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Course code G04H36; standards 1.1-6.1, PDF pages 1 and 5-9", "supports": [ "all 21 course standards", "0.5 credit", "grades 9-12", "course code", "approved-substitute statement" ], "excerpt": "This course or an approved substitute course is required for graduation." }, { "id": "tn-standards-adoption", "title": "May 29, 2020 State Board of Education Meeting", "authority": "Tennessee State Board of Education", "url": "https://www.tn.gov/sbe/meetings/meetings-calendar/2020/5/29/may-29--2020-sbe-meeting.html", "sourceType": "board_action", "publicationDate": "2020-05-29", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Action Item F: Career & Technical Education Personal Finance Standards", "supports": [ "standards final-reading date", "Board adoption history" ], "excerpt": "Final reading of the Personal Finance Standards." }, { "id": "tn-first-class", "title": "Financial Education", "authority": "Tennessee Department of Financial Institutions", "url": "https://www.tn.gov/tdfi/consumer-resources/financial-education.html", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Opening graduation-requirement notice", "supports": [ "first covered graduating class", "half-semester description" ], "excerpt": "Beginning with the high school graduating class of 2013, Tennessee students ... have completed a ½ semester class on personal financial education." }, { "id": "tn-first-cohort-rule", "title": "Rules of the State Board of Education, Chapter 0520-01-03", "authority": "Tennessee Secretary of State", "url": "https://publications.tnsosfiles.com/rules/0520/0520-01/0520-01-03.20160329.pdf", "sourceType": "regulation", "publicationDate": "2016-03", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Rule 0520-01-03-.06(1), Graduation Requirement E, PDF page 23", "supports": [ "grade 9 entry cohort", "2009-10 start", "0.5 Personal Finance credit", "22-credit total" ], "excerpt": "Effective with the ninth (9th) grade class of 2009-2010 and thereafter." }, { "id": "tn-teacher-rule", "title": "Tenn. Comp. R. & Regs. 0520-02-06-.02: Employment Standards", "authority": "Tennessee Secretary of State", "url": "https://publications.tnsosfiles.com/rules/0520/0520-02/0520-02-06.20241208.pdf", "sourceType": "regulation", "publicationDate": "2024-12", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Rule 0520-02-06-.02(3), Personal Finance, PDF page 2", "supports": [ "teacher license requirement", "14-hour training option", "qualifying endorsements" ], "excerpt": "A teacher of personal finance shall hold a valid Tennessee teacher license." }, { "id": "tn-august-2026", "title": "August 28, 2026 State Board of Education Meeting", "authority": "Tennessee State Board of Education", "url": "https://www.tn.gov/sbe/meetings/meetings-calendar/2026/8/28/august-28--2026-sbe-meeting.html", "sourceType": "board_action", "publicationDate": "2026-08-28", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Action Item G: Graduation Permissions and Substitutions Policy 3.103", "supports": [ "pending AP Business with Personal Finance substitution", "first-reading status" ], "excerpt": "First reading ... to add AP Business with Personal Finance to the list of approved substitutions." } ], "faq": [ { "question": "Does Tennessee require personal finance to graduate?", "answer": "Generally, yes. Tennessee requires one-half credit in Personal Finance or an approved substitute within the general 22-credit traditional-diploma framework. The separate Move on When Ready early-graduation program uses a 17-credit list that does not include personal finance and exempts participants from additional graduation requirements.", "sourceIds": [ "tn-high-school-policy", "tn-substitutions" ] }, { "question": "Does Tennessee require a stand-alone personal finance course?", "answer": "Not for every student. The state offers a stand-alone half-credit Personal Finance course, but approved business, finance, entrepreneurship, dual-enrollment, and qualifying JROTC coursework may satisfy the requirement.", "sourceIds": [ "tn-standards", "tn-substitutions" ] }, { "question": "Which Tennessee graduating class was first required to complete personal finance?", "answer": "The Tennessee Department of Financial Institutions identifies the graduating Class of 2013 as the first class covered by the personal finance graduation requirement.", "sourceIds": [ "tn-first-class" ] }, { "question": "What do Tennessee's personal finance standards cover?", "answer": "The 21 standards cover goals and decisions, careers and take-home pay, postsecondary financing, budgets and housing, consumer protection, financial institutions, credit, insurance, identity theft, saving, and investing.", "sourceIds": [ "tn-standards" ] }, { "question": "Can JROTC satisfy Tennessee's personal finance requirement?", "answer": "Yes. JROTC III may substitute for one-half credit each of Personal Finance and U.S. Government and Civics when the instructor has completed the required personal finance training.", "sourceIds": [ "tn-substitutions", "tn-teacher-rule" ] } ], "relatedStates": [] }, { "name": "Texas", "abbreviation": "TX", "slug": "texas", "jurisdictionType": "state", "lastReviewed": "2026-09-20", "researchStatus": "verified", "indexable": true, "seo": { "title": "Texas Personal Finance Standards & Requirements", "description": "See Texas personal financial literacy graduation rules, the half-credit requirement for 2026–27 ninth graders, current TEKS, and official state sources.", "socialImage": "/icon-512.png" }, "summary": "Texas requires students entering grade 9 in 2026–27 or later—beginning with the Class of 2030—to complete at least one-half credit in personal financial literacy for the Foundation High School Program. The current dedicated and combined course options mean the state requires the credit but not one universal stand-alone course during the transition.", "summarySourceIds": [ "tx-hb27", "tx-graduation-rule", "tx-tea-taa" ], "requirement": { "overallStatuses": [ "graduation_requirement", "integrated_requirement", "pending_or_phased" ], "standaloneCourseRequired": false, "graduationRequirement": true, "creditRequirement": "At least 0.5 credit", "gradeLevels": [ "Grades 9–12", "Students entering grade 9 in 2026–27 or later" ], "effectiveDate": "2026-08-01", "effectiveSchoolYear": "2026–27", "firstGraduatingClass": "Class of 2030 (students entering grade 9 in 2026–27)", "assessmentRequired": null, "responsibleAgency": "Texas Education Agency", "deliveryNotes": "Through 2027–28, covered students may use the one-half-credit Personal Financial Literacy course or Personal Financial Literacy and Economics. Applied Personal Financial Literacy is scheduled to replace those options beginning in 2028–29. HB 27 also requires an AP alternative, but the State Board had not designated a qualifying AP course in the effective graduation rule as of this review.", "sourceIds": [ "tx-hb27", "tx-graduation-rule", "tx-tea-taa", "tx-current-teks", "tx-new-teks-action" ] }, "standardsDocument": { "title": "19 TAC §113.49 Personal Financial Literacy (One-Half Credit), Adopted 2016", "adoptingAuthority": "Texas State Board of Education", "adoptionDate": "2016-01", "effectiveDate": "2016-08-22", "officialUrl": "https://tea.texas.gov/sites/default/files/P2019_Breakout_Personal%20Financial%20Literacy_Revised%201-12-18.pdf", "sourceId": "tx-current-teks" }, "narrative": [ { "text": "House Bill 27 changed the Foundation High School Program for students entering ninth grade in 2026–27 or later. Their social studies credits must include at least one-half credit in personal financial literacy, replacing the prior cohort’s economics or combined economics-and-personal-finance option.", "sourceIds": [ "tx-hb27", "tx-graduation-rule" ] }, { "text": "Texas currently recognizes two TEKS-based ways to complete the new requirement: Personal Financial Literacy and Personal Financial Literacy and Economics. Because the combined course remains an allowed transition option, the current statewide graduation rule should not be classified as an exclusively stand-alone personal finance course requirement.", "sourceIds": [ "tx-tea-taa", "tx-graduation-rule" ] }, { "text": "The current one-half-credit Personal Financial Literacy TEKS organize instruction into 16 knowledge-and-skills statements covering earning, spending, saving, investing, credit, insurance, consumer protection, estate planning, and postsecondary costs. Texas also embeds personal financial literacy in K–8 mathematics and requires high schools to offer a personal financial literacy course.", "sourceIds": [ "tx-current-teks", "tx-education-code" ] }, { "text": "The State Board adopted a replacement course, Applied Personal Financial Literacy, in September 2026. TEA says the new course will be implemented in 2028–29; until then, the existing courses continue to satisfy the graduation requirement for the covered cohort.", "sourceIds": [ "tx-new-teks-action", "tx-tea-taa" ] }, { "text": "HB 27 directs the State Board to designate an Advanced Placement course with substantively similar and rigorous content as an alternative. The final 2026 graduation rule removed AP Business with Personal Finance pending adoption of the new TEKS, and current TEA guidance does not list an AP course as a usable option; the Board must address that statutory alternative in later rulemaking.", "sourceIds": [ "tx-hb27", "tx-graduation-rule", "tx-new-teks-action", "tx-tea-taa" ] } ], "domains": [ { "name": "Current Texas Personal Financial Literacy TEKS", "summary": "The current §113.49 course contains 16 complete knowledge-and-skills statements. The entries below preserve each statement separately and summarize its student expectations.", "standards": [ { "code": "19 TAC §113.49(c)(1)", "title": "Personal financial goals", "description": "Differentiate needs and wants, examine spending and saving tendencies, understand charitable giving, and develop measurable short-, medium-, and long-term goals.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Financial Literacy, one-half credit; recommended for grades 10–12", "sourceId": "tx-current-teks", "sourcePage": "Breakout pages 2–5" }, { "code": "19 TAC §113.49(c)(2)", "title": "Financial statements and budgeting", "description": "Reconcile account records, track income and expenses, prepare an income statement and budget, identify assets and liabilities, calculate net worth, and evaluate unplanned spending.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Financial Literacy, one-half credit; recommended for grades 10–12", "sourceId": "tx-current-teks", "sourcePage": "Breakout pages 5–7" }, { "code": "19 TAC §113.49(c)(3)", "title": "Employment compensation", "description": "Identify employee benefits and payroll taxes and calculate gross and net pay from paycheck information.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Financial Literacy, one-half credit; recommended for grades 10–12", "sourceId": "tx-current-teks", "sourcePage": "Breakout pages 7–8" }, { "code": "19 TAC §113.49(c)(4)", "title": "Consumer decisions", "description": "Compare renting and buying housing, owning and leasing vehicles, payment methods, and strategies for informed consumer purchases.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Financial Literacy, one-half credit; recommended for grades 10–12", "sourceId": "tx-current-teks", "sourcePage": "Breakout pages 8–10" }, { "code": "19 TAC §113.49(c)(5)", "title": "Saving and investing goals", "description": "Develop short-, intermediate-, and long-term saving and investing strategies for emergencies, major purchases, education, and retirement.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Financial Literacy, one-half credit; recommended for grades 10–12", "sourceId": "tx-current-teks", "sourcePage": "Breakout pages 10–11" }, { "code": "19 TAC §113.49(c)(6)", "title": "Saving and investment plans", "description": "Examine financial institutions and markets and compare savings products and investments by cost, benefit, risk, and return.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Financial Literacy, one-half credit; recommended for grades 10–12", "sourceId": "tx-current-teks", "sourcePage": "Breakout pages 11–13" }, { "code": "19 TAC §113.49(c)(7)", "title": "Retirement planning", "description": "Estimate retirement costs, identify income sources, and explain why early and sufficient saving supports retirement security.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Financial Literacy, one-half credit; recommended for grades 10–12", "sourceId": "tx-current-teks", "sourcePage": "Breakout pages 13–14" }, { "code": "19 TAC §113.49(c)(8)", "title": "Using credit", "description": "Compare revolving, installment, secured, and unsecured credit and evaluate how borrowing affects budgets, income statements, and net worth.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Financial Literacy, one-half credit; recommended for grades 10–12", "sourceId": "tx-current-teks", "sourcePage": "Breakout pages 14–15" }, { "code": "19 TAC §113.49(c)(9)", "title": "Creditworthiness", "description": "Analyze character, capacity, and collateral; interpret and monitor credit reports and scores; and explain bankruptcy risks and credit consequences.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Financial Literacy, one-half credit; recommended for grades 10–12", "sourceId": "tx-current-teks", "sourcePage": "Breakout pages 15–17" }, { "code": "19 TAC §113.49(c)(10)", "title": "Evaluating borrowing decisions", "description": "Calculate borrowing costs, identify strategies that lower total cost, and distinguish the use and cost of debit and credit cards.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Financial Literacy, one-half credit; recommended for grades 10–12", "sourceId": "tx-current-teks", "sourcePage": "Breakout pages 17–19" }, { "code": "19 TAC §113.49(c)(11)", "title": "Managing financial risk", "description": "Identify risks faced by individuals and families and apply avoidance, reduction, retention, and transfer strategies.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Financial Literacy, one-half credit; recommended for grades 10–12", "sourceId": "tx-current-teks", "sourcePage": "Breakout pages 19–20" }, { "code": "19 TAC §113.49(c)(12)", "title": "Insurance", "description": "Compare terminology, costs, benefits, and pricing factors for health, disability, long-term care, life, property, auto, and supplemental insurance.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Financial Literacy, one-half credit; recommended for grades 10–12", "sourceId": "tx-current-teks", "sourcePage": "Breakout pages 20–25" }, { "code": "19 TAC §113.49(c)(13)", "title": "Fraud, schemes, and scams", "description": "Protect personal information, recognize common scams, and use consumer-protection agencies to research and report fraud.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Financial Literacy, one-half credit; recommended for grades 10–12", "sourceId": "tx-current-teks", "sourcePage": "Breakout pages 25–27" }, { "code": "19 TAC §113.49(c)(14)", "title": "Estate-planning instruments", "description": "Explain guardianship, wills, beneficiary designations, powers of attorney, living wills, and medical directives.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Financial Literacy, one-half credit; recommended for grades 10–12", "sourceId": "tx-current-teks", "sourcePage": "Breakout pages 27–28" }, { "code": "19 TAC §113.49(c)(15)", "title": "Postsecondary costs and benefits", "description": "Connect education and training with earnings, compare institutional costs, and evaluate the quality and return of an education investment.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Financial Literacy, one-half credit; recommended for grades 10–12", "sourceId": "tx-current-teks", "sourcePage": "Breakout pages 28–30" }, { "code": "19 TAC §113.49(c)(16)", "title": "Paying for postsecondary education", "description": "Complete and understand aid applications and compare student loans, grants, scholarships, work-study, military programs, and other funding sources.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Financial Literacy, one-half credit; recommended for grades 10–12", "sourceId": "tx-current-teks", "sourcePage": "Breakout pages 30–34" } ] } ], "policyTimeline": [ { "date": "2016–17", "event": "Districts and charter schools offering high school began offering the one-half-credit Personal Financial Literacy elective.", "sourceId": "tx-education-code" }, { "date": "2022-08-01", "event": "Personal Financial Literacy and Economics TEKS became effective as an economics-credit option for earlier cohorts.", "sourceId": "tx-new-teks-action" }, { "date": "2025-06-20", "event": "Governor Greg Abbott signed HB 27, and the act took effect immediately.", "sourceId": "tx-hb27-history" }, { "date": "2026–27", "event": "Students entering grade 9 must complete at least one-half credit in personal financial literacy for graduation.", "sourceId": "tx-hb27" }, { "date": "2026-06-26", "event": "The State Board gave final approval to the corresponding §74.12 graduation-rule amendments.", "sourceId": "tx-graduation-rule" }, { "date": "2026-09-04", "event": "The State Board adopted Applied Personal Financial Literacy TEKS for the future replacement course.", "sourceId": "tx-new-teks-action" }, { "date": "2028–29", "event": "TEA plans to implement Applied Personal Financial Literacy as the course satisfying the requirement.", "sourceId": "tx-tea-taa" } ], "lawsAndRules": [ { "identifier": "Texas Education Code §28.025(b-1)(4)", "title": "Foundation High School Program social studies credits", "summary": "Requires at least one-half credit in personal financial literacy for students entering grade 9 in 2026–27 or later.", "officialUrl": "https://capitol.texas.gov/tlodocs/89R/billtext/html/HB00027F.htm", "effectiveDate": "2026–27 school year", "sourceId": "tx-hb27" }, { "identifier": "19 TAC §74.12(b)(4)", "title": "Foundation High School Program", "summary": "Implements separate rules for the 2026–27 entering cohort and earlier cohorts and identifies the current course options.", "officialUrl": "https://www.sos.state.tx.us/texreg/archive/July242026/Adopted%20Rules/19.EDUCATION.html", "effectiveDate": "2026-08-01", "sourceId": "tx-graduation-rule" }, { "identifier": "Texas Education Code §28.0021", "title": "Personal financial literacy instruction", "summary": "Requires personal financial literacy in K–8 mathematics and in one or more high school courses and requires high schools to provide a one-half-credit elective course.", "officialUrl": "https://statutes.capitol.texas.gov/Docs/ED/PDF/ED.28.pdf", "effectiveDate": null, "sourceId": "tx-education-code" } ], "educatorNotes": [ { "text": "Use the student’s grade-9 entry year before selecting the graduation plan. The new half-credit personal financial literacy requirement applies to the 2026–27 entering cohort and later cohorts, not retroactively to students already in high school.", "sourceIds": [ "tx-hb27", "tx-tea-taa" ] }, { "text": "For 2026–27 and 2027–28, districts may schedule either Personal Financial Literacy or Personal Financial Literacy and Economics for the covered cohort. Confirm the course code and awarded credit against current TEA guidance.", "sourceIds": [ "tx-tea-taa", "tx-graduation-rule" ] }, { "text": "Plan for another standards transition in 2028–29, when Applied Personal Financial Literacy is scheduled to replace the current course options for the graduation requirement.", "sourceIds": [ "tx-tea-taa", "tx-new-teks-action" ] } ], "sources": [ { "id": "tx-hb27", "title": "HB 27 Enrolled Version: Courses in personal financial literacy", "authority": "Texas Legislature Online", "url": "https://capitol.texas.gov/tlodocs/89R/billtext/html/HB00027F.htm", "sourceType": "bill", "publicationDate": "2025-06-20", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Sections 1, 3, and 4; TEC §28.025(b-1)(4) and (b-24)", "supports": [ "half-credit graduation requirement", "covered entering cohort", "AP alternative mandate" ], "excerpt": "At least one-half credit in personal financial literacy." }, { "id": "tx-hb27-history", "title": "89(R) History for HB 27", "authority": "Texas Legislature Online", "url": "https://capitol.texas.gov/billlookup/History.aspx?Bill=HB27&LegSess=89R", "sourceType": "bill", "publicationDate": "2025-06-20", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Last Action", "supports": [ "enactment status", "signature and effective date" ], "excerpt": "Signed by the Governor; Effective immediately." }, { "id": "tx-graduation-rule", "title": "Adopted amendments to 19 TAC §§74.11 and 74.12", "authority": "Texas Secretary of State, Texas Register", "url": "https://www.sos.state.tx.us/texreg/archive/July242026/Adopted%20Rules/19.EDUCATION.html", "sourceType": "regulation", "publicationDate": "2026-07-24", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Chapter 74, Subchapter B; §74.12(b)(4)(C)–(D); effective-date notice", "supports": [ "graduation credit", "course options", "cohort distinction", "August 1, 2026 effective date", "no currently designated AP option" ], "excerpt": "One-half credit must be selected from the following." }, { "id": "tx-tea-taa", "title": "Updates to High School Social Studies Personal Financial Literacy Graduation Requirements", "authority": "Texas Education Agency", "url": "https://tea.texas.gov/taa-letters/updates-high-school-social-studies-personal-financial-literacy-graduation-requirements", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2026-09-17", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Students Entering Grade 9 in 2026–2027; Required Secondary Course Offerings", "supports": [ "current course options", "future replacement course", "district offering requirement", "cohort transition" ], "excerpt": "Students must complete a one-half credit course in personal financial literacy." }, { "id": "tx-education-code", "title": "Texas Education Code Chapter 28", "authority": "Texas Constitution and Statutes", "url": "https://statutes.capitol.texas.gov/Docs/ED/PDF/ED.28.pdf", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": "2025-12-12", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "§28.0021 Personal Financial Literacy", "supports": [ "K–8 instruction", "high school course offering", "FAFSA content" ], "excerpt": "Each school district ... shall provide an elective course in personal financial literacy." }, { "id": "tx-current-teks", "title": "§113.49 Personal Financial Literacy TEKS Breakouts", "authority": "Texas Education Agency", "url": "https://tea.texas.gov/sites/default/files/P2019_Breakout_Personal%20Financial%20Literacy_Revised%201-12-18.pdf", "sourceType": "standards", "publicationDate": "2018-01-12", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "§113.49(c), breakout pages 2–34", "supports": [ "all 16 current knowledge-and-skills statements", "half-credit course" ], "excerpt": "Students shall be awarded one-half credit for successful completion of this course." }, { "id": "tx-new-teks-action", "title": "Applied Personal Financial Literacy TEKS: Second Reading and Final Adoption", "authority": "Texas State Board of Education", "url": "https://sboe.texas.gov/state-board-of-education/sboe-2026/sboe-2026-september/august-31-2026-committee-of-the-full-board-item-3", "sourceType": "board_action", "publicationDate": "2026-09-04", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Summary; statutory authority; previous Board action; motion", "supports": [ "adoption of replacement TEKS", "course history", "future standards transition", "statutory AP alternative" ], "excerpt": "Approve for second reading and final adoption ... Applied Personal Financial Literacy." } ], "faq": [ { "question": "Does Texas require a personal finance course to graduate?", "answer": "Yes for students entering grade 9 in 2026–27 or later. The Foundation High School Program requires at least one-half credit in personal financial literacy for that cohort.", "sourceIds": [ "tx-hb27", "tx-graduation-rule" ] }, { "question": "Does Texas require a stand-alone personal finance course?", "answer": "Not exclusively during the transition period. The current rule allows either Personal Financial Literacy or Personal Financial Literacy and Economics, so a combined economics course can satisfy the requirement until Applied Personal Financial Literacy replaces the current options.", "sourceIds": [ "tx-tea-taa", "tx-graduation-rule" ] }, { "question": "Which Texas students are covered by the new financial literacy requirement?", "answer": "The new graduation-credit rule applies to students entering grade 9 in the 2026–27 school year or later. Students who entered high school earlier remain under the requirements in effect when they entered grade 9.", "sourceIds": [ "tx-hb27", "tx-tea-taa" ] }, { "question": "How much personal financial literacy credit does Texas require?", "answer": "Covered students must complete at least one-half credit. The credit is part of the Foundation High School Program’s social studies requirements.", "sourceIds": [ "tx-hb27" ] }, { "question": "When will Texas use the new Applied Personal Financial Literacy standards?", "answer": "The State Board adopted the new TEKS in September 2026, and TEA says classroom implementation will begin in 2028–29. Current TEKS-based course options remain in place before that transition.", "sourceIds": [ "tx-new-teks-action", "tx-tea-taa" ] } ], "relatedStates": [] }, { "name": "Utah", "abbreviation": "UT", "slug": "utah", "jurisdictionType": "state", "lastReviewed": "2026-09-20", "researchStatus": "verified", "indexable": true, "seo": { "title": "Utah Personal Finance Standards & Requirements", "description": "Utah requires 0.5 General Financial Literacy credit for graduation, with approved course, competency, local substitution, and IEP pathways. See the current standards and rules.", "socialImage": "/icon-512.png" }, "summary": "Utah requires 0.5 credit in General Financial Literacy for a public high school diploma. Course-based options include General Financial Literacy and approved concurrent-enrollment Finance, but a course is not universal because students may also earn credit through competency and an LEA may modify an individual student's graduation requirements under the conditions in the high-school rule. Every student enrolled in the General Financial Literacy course receives the state end-of-course assessment. The requirement first applied to the graduating class of 2008.", "summarySourceIds": [ "ut-rule-700", "ut-gfl", "ut-audit" ], "requirement": { "overallStatuses": [ "graduation_requirement" ], "standaloneCourseRequired": false, "graduationRequirement": true, "creditRequirement": "0.5 credit in General Financial Literacy", "gradeLevels": [ "Grades 11-12" ], "effectiveDate": null, "effectiveSchoolYear": null, "firstGraduatingClass": "2008", "assessmentRequired": true, "responsibleAgency": "Utah State Board of Education", "deliveryNotes": "Course-based options are General Financial Literacy and Finance concurrent enrollment. Utah also permits credit through demonstrated competency. An LEA may modify an individual student's graduation requirements under the conditions in R277-700-6(26), and IEP teams may document modifications, substitutions, or exemptions for students with disabilities. No statewide embedded-course route was located.", "sourceIds": [ "ut-rule-700", "ut-gfl", "ut-approved-courses", "ut-rule-704" ] }, "standardsDocument": { "title": "General Financial Literacy Strands and Standards", "adoptingAuthority": "Utah State Board of Education", "adoptionDate": null, "effectiveDate": null, "officialUrl": "https://www.schools.utah.gov/cte/_cte/gfl/GeneralFinancialLiteracyStrands.pdf", "sourceId": "ut-standards" }, "narrative": [ { "text": "Utah's statewide diploma minimum includes one-half credit of General Financial Literacy. The current course is intended for juniors and seniors and is offered as the standard General Financial Literacy course or an approved concurrent-enrollment Finance course.", "sourceIds": [ "ut-rule-700", "ut-gfl", "ut-approved-courses" ] }, { "text": "Utah requires credit in the General Financial Literacy subject but does not universally require course attendance. Students may earn credit through the board's demonstrated-competency process, and an LEA may modify an individual student's graduation requirements under the conditions in the high-school rule. State law also directs the board to provide a general financial literacy test-out option. No statewide embedded-course route was located.", "sourceIds": [ "ut-code", "ut-grad", "ut-rule-700" ] }, { "text": "Rule R277-704 requires an aligned online end-of-course assessment for every student who takes General Financial Literacy. The assessment is used to analyze proficiency at school, district, and statewide levels; it is distinct from the separate competency pathway a student may use to earn credit without the course.", "sourceIds": [ "ut-rule-704", "ut-gfl" ] }, { "text": "The current published standards document was revised in February 2023 and contains five strands with 15 standards covering economics, decision-making, careers and income, financial institutions, saving, investing, insurance, budgeting, credit, housing, transportation, education costs, and consumer protection. A new draft entered public comment in September 2026, but it is not yet the controlling standards document.", "sourceIds": [ "ut-standards", "ut-gfl" ] } ], "domains": [ { "name": "Strand 1: Economic concepts and personal choices", "summary": "Students connect economic systems and broad economic conditions to individual financial choices.", "standards": [ { "code": "Strand 1, Standard 1", "title": "Economic principles", "description": "Explain how participants, scarcity, opportunity cost, supply and demand, inflation, fiscal policy, monetary policy, and the business cycle affect personal financial decisions.", "gradeOrCourse": "General Financial Literacy, grades 11-12", "sourceId": "ut-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 1-2" }, { "code": "Strand 1, Standard 2", "title": "Economic systems", "description": "Analyze traditional, market, command, and mixed systems and how institutions and property rights influence choice, prosperity, and economic freedom.", "gradeOrCourse": "General Financial Literacy, grades 11-12", "sourceId": "ut-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 2" } ] }, { "name": "Strand 2: Financial priorities and decisions", "summary": "Students evaluate behavioral influences and use rational processes when making financial decisions.", "standards": [ { "code": "Strand 2, Standard 1", "title": "Behavioral influences", "description": "Analyze emotional, cultural, social, marketing, and values-based influences on spending, planning, debt, and charitable giving.", "gradeOrCourse": "General Financial Literacy, grades 11-12", "sourceId": "ut-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 2" }, { "code": "Strand 2, Standard 2", "title": "Rational decision-making", "description": "Use cost-benefit analysis, distinguish saving, investing, speculation, and gambling, and compare immediate satisfaction with delayed gratification.", "gradeOrCourse": "General Financial Literacy, grades 11-12", "sourceId": "ut-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 2" } ] }, { "name": "Strand 3: Income, careers, and training", "summary": "Students connect work, education, taxes, employability, and postsecondary preparation with lifetime earning power.", "standards": [ { "code": "Strand 3, Standard 1", "title": "Income and employability", "description": "Compare income sources, careers, entrepreneurship, cost of living, payroll deductions, taxes, and employment forms.", "gradeOrCourse": "General Financial Literacy, grades 11-12", "sourceId": "ut-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" }, { "code": "Strand 3, Standard 2", "title": "Postsecondary and career preparation", "description": "Compare training and education options, costs and returns, scholarships and grants, employment searches, resumes, networking, and soft skills.", "gradeOrCourse": "General Financial Literacy, grades 11-12", "sourceId": "ut-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" } ] }, { "name": "Strand 4: Saving, investing, and risk management", "summary": "Students manage financial accounts and evaluate saving, investing, retirement, and insurance strategies.", "standards": [ { "code": "Strand 4, Standard 1", "title": "Financial institutions and accounts", "description": "Compare banks and credit unions, deposit insurance, account technologies, account management, and overdraft consequences.", "gradeOrCourse": "General Financial Literacy, grades 11-12", "sourceId": "ut-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "Strand 4, Standard 2", "title": "Saving", "description": "Evaluate paying yourself first, savings accounts, certificates of deposit, preservation of principal, and inflation risk.", "gradeOrCourse": "General Financial Literacy, grades 11-12", "sourceId": "ut-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "Strand 4, Standard 3", "title": "Investing and retirement", "description": "Compare retirement accounts and investment products, fees, diversification, risk and return, and compound growth over time.", "gradeOrCourse": "General Financial Literacy, grades 11-12", "sourceId": "ut-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 4" }, { "code": "Strand 4, Standard 4", "title": "Insurance and asset protection", "description": "Evaluate risk acceptance, transfer, and reduction; common insurance policies; policy terms; life-stage needs; and beneficiaries.", "gradeOrCourse": "General Financial Literacy, grades 11-12", "sourceId": "ut-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 4-5" } ] }, { "name": "Strand 5: Money management, credit, and consumer protection", "summary": "Students build budgets, use credit responsibly, interpret credit records, plan for major expenses, and protect their consumer rights.", "standards": [ { "code": "Strand 5, Standard 1", "title": "Budgeting", "description": "Build a goals-based financial plan and budget covering spending, debt, saving, investing, giving, fixed and variable costs, emergencies, and tracking tools.", "gradeOrCourse": "General Financial Literacy, grades 11-12", "sourceId": "ut-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 5" }, { "code": "Strand 5, Standard 2", "title": "Credit, debt, and bankruptcy", "description": "Evaluate creditworthiness, credit products, loan costs, interest, minimum payments, predatory lending, bankruptcy, and alternatives to bankruptcy.", "gradeOrCourse": "General Financial Literacy, grades 11-12", "sourceId": "ut-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 5-6" }, { "code": "Strand 5, Standard 3", "title": "Credit reports and scores", "description": "Interpret credit reports, identify credit bureaus and warning signs, obtain the free annual report, and evaluate effects of credit scores.", "gradeOrCourse": "General Financial Literacy, grades 11-12", "sourceId": "ut-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" }, { "code": "Strand 5, Standard 4", "title": "Housing, vehicles, and education", "description": "Analyze renting, homeownership, mortgages, leasing or buying vehicles, education financing, 529 plans, early-college options, and FAFSA.", "gradeOrCourse": "General Financial Literacy, grades 11-12", "sourceId": "ut-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 6" }, { "code": "Strand 5, Standard 5", "title": "Consumer rights and fraud protection", "description": "Interpret consumer contracts, identify predatory lending and scams, prevent identity theft, use online commerce safely, and locate government protections.", "gradeOrCourse": "General Financial Literacy, grades 11-12", "sourceId": "ut-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 6-7" } ] } ], "policyTimeline": [ { "date": "2003", "event": "Senate Bill 154 established a one-semester financial literacy graduation requirement.", "sourceId": "ut-audit" }, { "date": "2004", "event": "The State Board approved the General Financial Literacy course for the class of 2008.", "sourceId": "ut-audit" }, { "date": "Class of 2008", "event": "The statewide General Financial Literacy graduation requirement first applied.", "sourceId": "ut-audit" }, { "date": "2023-02", "event": "The current General Financial Literacy strands and standards were revised.", "sourceId": "ut-standards" }, { "date": "2025-04-08", "event": "The current version of Rule R277-704 governing the course assessment and educator endorsement became effective.", "sourceId": "ut-rule-704" }, { "date": "2026-09-03", "event": "The State Board opened public comment on Draft 1 of revised standards; the draft is not yet adopted.", "sourceId": "ut-gfl" } ], "lawsAndRules": [ { "identifier": "Utah Admin. Code R277-700-6", "title": "High school graduation requirements", "summary": "Requires 0.5 units of General Financial Literacy within Utah's minimum 24-credit diploma framework and permits competency credit plus conditional individual and IEP modifications.", "officialUrl": "https://schools.utah.gov/adminrules/R277-700", "effectiveDate": "2026-04-07", "sourceId": "ut-rule-700" }, { "identifier": "Utah Admin. Code R277-704", "title": "Financial and Economic Literacy: Integration into Core Curriculum", "summary": "Defines the required course and directs administration of an aligned end-of-course assessment to every enrolled student.", "officialUrl": "https://schools.utah.gov/adminrules/R277-704", "effectiveDate": "2025-04-08", "sourceId": "ut-rule-704" }, { "identifier": "Utah Code § 53E-4-204", "title": "Standards and graduation requirements", "summary": "Requires general financial literacy instruction from budgeting through investments and a test-out option within state graduation standards.", "officialUrl": "https://le.utah.gov/xcode/Title53E/Chapter4/53E-4-S204.html", "effectiveDate": "2026-07-01", "sourceId": "ut-code" } ], "educatorNotes": [ { "text": "For course-based completion, use General Financial Literacy or the approved Finance concurrent-enrollment option for 0.5 credit and administer the required aligned end-of-course assessment. Verify any competency award or individual graduation modification against current board and LEA policy.", "sourceIds": [ "ut-approved-courses", "ut-gfl", "ut-rule-700", "ut-rule-704" ] }, { "text": "Continue using the February 2023 standards until the State Board completes its 2026 revision process; Draft 1 under public comment is not an adopted replacement.", "sourceIds": [ "ut-standards", "ut-gfl" ] }, { "text": "An IEP team may modify, substitute, or exempt a graduation requirement to address a student's unique educational needs, with the change documented in the IEP.", "sourceIds": [ "ut-rule-700" ] } ], "sources": [ { "id": "ut-rule-700", "title": "R277-700, The Elementary and Secondary School General Core", "authority": "Utah State Board of Education", "url": "https://schools.utah.gov/adminrules/R277-700", "sourceType": "regulation", "publicationDate": "2026-04-07", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "R277-700-6(2), (19), (24), and (26); R277-700-7(6)", "supports": [ "0.5 credit", "graduation requirement", "24-credit minimum", "competency credit", "individual graduation modification", "IEP modification" ], "excerpt": "A student in grades 9-12 shall earn a minimum of 24 units of credit through course completion or through competency assessment consistent with Rule R277-705." }, { "id": "ut-rule-704", "title": "R277-704, Financial and Economic Literacy: Integration into Core Curriculum", "authority": "Utah State Board of Education", "url": "https://schools.utah.gov/adminrules/R277-704", "sourceType": "regulation", "publicationDate": "2025-04-08", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "R277-704-2 through R277-704-4", "supports": [ "required course definition", "end-of-course assessment", "assessment alignment", "teacher endorsement" ], "excerpt": "The Superintendent shall provide an LEA with an end of course assessment ... administered to every student who takes the general financial literacy course." }, { "id": "ut-code", "title": "Utah Code section 53E-4-204, Standards and graduation requirements", "authority": "Utah Legislature", "url": "https://le.utah.gov/xcode/Title53E/Chapter4/53E-4-S204.html", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": "2026-07-01", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Subsection 53E-4-204(1)(c)", "supports": [ "general financial literacy instruction", "content range", "test-out option" ], "excerpt": "Include instruction that stresses general financial literacy from basic budgeting to financial investments, including bankruptcy education and a general financial literacy test-out option." }, { "id": "ut-gfl", "title": "General Financial Literacy", "authority": "Utah State Board of Education", "url": "https://schools.utah.gov/cte/gfl", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Course Information; End-of-Course Assessment; 2026 standards public-comment notice", "supports": [ "grades 11-12", "0.5 credit", "delivery modes", "assessment", "pending draft distinction" ], "excerpt": "This course is for juniors and seniors, is required for graduation, and can be taken online, in a traditional setting, or for concurrent enrollment credit." }, { "id": "ut-standards", "title": "General Financial Literacy Strands and Standards", "authority": "Utah State Board of Education", "url": "https://www.schools.utah.gov/cte/_cte/gfl/GeneralFinancialLiteracyStrands.pdf", "sourceType": "standards", "publicationDate": "2023-02", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Strands 1-5 and 15 standards, PDF pages 1-7", "supports": [ "current published standards", "February 2023 revision", "course description", "grades 11-12", "0.5 credit", "complete content framework" ], "excerpt": "The General Financial Literacy course encompasses standards that are essential to the development of basic financial and economic reasoning." }, { "id": "ut-approved-courses", "title": "Courses Meeting Criteria for Graduation Requirements 2025-2026", "authority": "Utah State Board of Education", "url": "https://www.schools.utah.gov/curr/_curr_/_earlycollege_/CoursesMeetingCriteriaGraduationRequirements.pdf", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2025", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "General Financial Literacy 0.5 credit section", "supports": [ "approved course options", "General Financial Literacy", "Finance concurrent enrollment" ], "excerpt": "The 0.5 credit for General Financial Literacy can be met through the following courses: General Financial Literacy or Finance CE." }, { "id": "ut-grad", "title": "Graduation Requirements", "authority": "Utah State Board of Education", "url": "https://www.schools.utah.gov/curr/graduationrequirements", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "High School Requirements and Demonstrated Competency", "supports": [ "24-credit framework", "course completion", "competency assessment", "local additions" ], "excerpt": "The Utah State Board of Education requires a minimum of 24 units of credit achieved through course completion or through competency assessment." }, { "id": "ut-audit", "title": "Utah's General Financial Literacy Graduation Requirement: A Program Review", "authority": "Utah State Board of Education Internal Audit", "url": "https://schools.utah.gov/cte/_cte/gfl/AuditorsReport.pdf", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2025", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Background section, first graduating class and policy history", "supports": [ "2003 enactment", "2004 board approval", "class of 2008", "historical course options" ], "excerpt": "USBE approved a one-semester course titled General Financial Literacy that would be required for the 2008 graduating class." } ], "faq": [ { "question": "Does Utah require financial literacy to graduate?", "answer": "Yes. Utah's minimum diploma requirements include 0.5 credit in General Financial Literacy.", "sourceIds": [ "ut-rule-700", "ut-gfl" ] }, { "question": "Does Utah require a stand-alone personal finance course?", "answer": "Utah requires 0.5 General Financial Literacy credit, normally through General Financial Literacy or Finance concurrent enrollment, but course attendance is not universal because competency credit and conditional individual graduation modifications are available. No statewide embedded-course route was located.", "sourceIds": [ "ut-approved-courses", "ut-rule-700", "ut-code" ] }, { "question": "Which grade levels take Utah General Financial Literacy?", "answer": "The state course is designed for juniors and seniors in grades 11-12.", "sourceIds": [ "ut-gfl", "ut-standards" ] }, { "question": "Is there a Utah financial literacy assessment?", "answer": "Yes. Rule R277-704 requires the aligned end-of-course assessment to be administered to every student who takes the General Financial Literacy course.", "sourceIds": [ "ut-rule-704", "ut-gfl" ] }, { "question": "Are Utah's 2026 draft financial literacy standards already in effect?", "answer": "No. Draft 1 entered public comment in September 2026. The February 2023 strands and standards remain the controlling published framework until a revision is adopted.", "sourceIds": [ "ut-gfl", "ut-standards" ] } ], "relatedStates": [] }, { "name": "Vermont", "abbreviation": "VT", "slug": "vermont", "jurisdictionType": "state", "lastReviewed": "2026-09-20", "researchStatus": "verified", "indexable": true, "seo": { "title": "Vermont Personal Finance Standards & Requirements", "description": "Vermont requires local instruction and assessment based on adopted personal finance standards, but no statewide stand-alone course or credit. Review the framework and local graduation discretion.", "socialImage": "/icon-512.png" }, "summary": "Vermont requires supervisory unions and districts to use State Board-adopted personal finance standards as a basis for local curriculum, instruction, and assessment, but it does not prescribe a stand-alone course, statewide personal finance credit, or separate personal finance diploma condition. Delivery is locally determined and may be interdisciplinary. Districts define proficiency-based graduation requirements and may add local requirements.", "summarySourceIds": [ "vt-financial-literacy", "vt-eqs-2025", "vt-pbgr", "vt-graduation" ], "requirement": { "overallStatuses": [ "integrated_requirement" ], "standaloneCourseRequired": false, "graduationRequirement": false, "creditRequirement": null, "gradeLevels": [ "K-12 adopted standards", "Grades 9-12 proficiency guidance" ], "effectiveDate": null, "effectiveSchoolYear": null, "firstGraduatingClass": null, "assessmentRequired": true, "responsibleAgency": "Vermont Agency of Education", "deliveryNotes": "Vermont requires local curriculum, instruction, and assessment to use State Board-adopted standards as their basis. Personal finance delivery may occur through social studies, mathematics, business, family and consumer science, flexible pathways, career technical education, or a local stand-alone class. The grades 9-12 hierarchy is an exemplar rather than a statewide course specification, and graduation policies remain locally defined under state proficiency rules.", "sourceIds": [ "vt-financial-literacy", "vt-eqs-2025", "vt-pbgr", "vt-graduation" ] }, "standardsDocument": { "title": "National Standards in K-12 Personal Finance Education, Fourth Edition", "adoptingAuthority": "Vermont State Board of Education", "adoptionDate": "2018-01", "effectiveDate": null, "officialUrl": "https://www.jumpstart.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/2015-National-Standards-Book.pdf", "sourceId": "vt-adopted-standards" }, "narrative": [ { "text": "Vermont adopted the Jump$tart National Standards in K-12 Personal Finance Education in January 2018. The Agency of Education describes financial literacy as multidisciplinary and identifies social studies, mathematics, business, family and consumer science, flexible pathways, and career technical education as possible delivery settings.", "sourceIds": [ "vt-financial-literacy", "vt-content-areas", "vt-adopted-standards" ] }, { "text": "The state's 2023 grades 9-12 financial literacy hierarchy translates the adopted standards into one broad proficiency, three critical proficiencies, and ten priority performance indicators. The document calls these hierarchies exemplars and resources for local supervisory unions and districts, so it should not be read as a stand-alone course mandate.", "sourceIds": [ "vt-pbgr" ] }, { "text": "The Education Quality Standards effective July 1, 2025 require supervisory unions and districts to use State Board-adopted standards as the basis for curriculum, instruction, assessments, and content taught. They also require documented standards-aligned curriculum and a local comprehensive assessment system that assesses performance against State Board standards.", "sourceIds": [ "vt-eqs-2025" ] }, { "text": "The Agency's financial literacy page says supervisory unions and districts are expected to instruct and assess the adopted personal finance concepts while choosing delivery locally. Although that page cites the former section numbers, the 2025 rule preserves the underlying standards-alignment and local-assessment duties in sections 2111, 2120.6-2120.7, and 2123.2. The renumbering therefore does not create a material conflict.", "sourceIds": [ "vt-financial-literacy", "vt-eqs-2025" ] }, { "text": "Vermont's current graduation rule requires proficiency in the eight broad content areas listed in section 2120.6 and allows local boards to add requirements or use credits. Financial literacy is not named as a separate graduation content area, course, or credit, so the statewide instruction-and-assessment duty is not classified as a distinct personal finance diploma condition.", "sourceIds": [ "vt-eqs-2025", "vt-graduation" ] }, { "text": "Vermont is separately developing future statewide graduation requirements for the graduating class of 2031. As of this review, that process had not produced a final personal finance course or credit requirement, so proposed statewide changes are not classified as current law.", "sourceIds": [ "vt-transformation", "vt-grad-recommendations" ] } ], "domains": [ { "name": "Money Management", "summary": "The Vermont grades 9-12 hierarchy groups four priority performance indicators under managing earnings, spending, credit, and saving.", "standards": [ { "code": "EI 12-1, 2, 8, 11", "title": "Earning Income", "description": "Evaluate compensation plans, including the monetary and non-monetary value of employee benefits, as well as other means to increase compensation such as continued education, interest, dividends, and personal profits.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "vt-pbgr", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" }, { "code": "EI 12-6, 9; Spending 12-1-7; Saving 12-4, 6", "title": "Budgeting", "description": "Create a spending plan or budget with researched income and expense calculations, including factors that affect spending decisions and an understanding of taxes and their effect on decision-making.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "vt-pbgr", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" }, { "code": "Credit 12-1, 2, 3, 6-13", "title": "Credit", "description": "Examine different types of credit and how grace periods, interest-calculation methods, carrying a balance, and fees affect borrowing costs.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "vt-pbgr", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" }, { "code": "Saving 12-1, 2, 4, 5; EI 12-9", "title": "Saving", "description": "Evaluate the costs and benefits of saving, including account and institution type, interest, tax incentives, and the effects of inflation.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "vt-pbgr", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" } ] }, { "name": "Future Planning", "summary": "Three priority performance indicators address investments, careers and education, and retirement income.", "standards": [ { "code": "Investing 12-2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 13, 14", "title": "Investments", "description": "Examine investment types, including stocks and bonds, appropriate for objectives such as liquidity, income, and growth within a personal financial plan.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "vt-pbgr", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" }, { "code": "EI 12-3, 4; Credit 12-4, 5", "title": "Career Planning", "description": "Develop a career plan and calculate future income aligned with personal interests, financial goals, and lifestyle, including lifelong education and training and the costs of student loans.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "vt-pbgr", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" }, { "code": "EI 12-10; Saving 12-7", "title": "Retirement", "description": "Differentiate among retirement-income sources, illustrate the time value of money, and explain the benefits of investing early.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "vt-pbgr", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" } ] }, { "name": "Managing Risk", "summary": "Three priority performance indicators address changing financial responsibilities, insurance decisions, and protections against transaction, credit, fraud, and identity risks.", "standards": [ { "code": "EI 12-5; Saving 12-6, 8, 9; Spending 12-9", "title": "Financial Responsibility", "description": "Analyze how responsibility for financial well-being changes over a lifetime and develop plans for events affecting personal finances.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "vt-pbgr", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" }, { "code": "Managing Risk 12-1-9", "title": "Insurance", "description": "Investigate insurance types and analyze the costs and benefits of having or not having each type.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "vt-pbgr", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" }, { "code": "Spending 12-8; Saving 12-3; Investing 12-1, 3, 5, 12; Managing Risk 12-10-12", "title": "Risks and Protections", "description": "Examine risks and protections for monetary transactions, including factors affecting credit reports and creditworthiness, fraud, and identity theft.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "vt-pbgr", "sourcePage": "PDF page 3" } ] } ], "policyTimeline": [ { "date": "2018-01", "event": "The Vermont State Board of Education adopted the Jump$tart National Standards in K-12 Personal Finance Education.", "sourceId": "vt-financial-literacy" }, { "date": "2020", "event": "Vermont's locally defined proficiency-based graduation requirements began with the graduating class of 2020.", "sourceId": "vt-graduation" }, { "date": "2023-09-25", "event": "The Agency of Education issued its grades 9-12 Financial Literacy Proficiency-Based Graduation Hierarchy as an exemplar local resource.", "sourceId": "vt-pbgr" }, { "date": "2025-07-01", "event": "Updated Education Quality Standards took effect without naming financial literacy among the Section 2120.6 curriculum content areas.", "sourceId": "vt-eqs-2025" }, { "date": "2031", "event": "The future statewide graduation-requirements process identifies the class of 2031 as the first covered cohort, but final requirements were still under development at this review date.", "sourceId": "vt-transformation" } ], "lawsAndRules": [ { "identifier": "State Board Rule Series 2000 §§ 2111, 2120.6-2120.8, 2123.2", "title": "Education Quality Standards", "summary": "Requires curriculum, instruction, and local assessment to use State Board-adopted standards as their basis; preserves local proficiency-based graduation policies and optional use of credits; and does not assign a separate statewide personal finance course or credit.", "officialUrl": "https://education.vermont.gov/sites/aoe/files/documents/edu-state-board-final-rule-series-2000-approved.pdf", "effectiveDate": "2025-07-01", "sourceId": "vt-eqs-2025" } ], "educatorNotes": [ { "text": "Use the adopted personal finance standards and Vermont's grades 9-12 hierarchy to build or review local financial literacy learning, but confirm the district's own proficiency-based graduation policy before describing student completion or credit requirements.", "sourceIds": [ "vt-financial-literacy", "vt-pbgr", "vt-graduation" ] }, { "text": "The state hierarchy is explicitly an exemplar. It supports interdisciplinary delivery and does not prescribe a separate course, semester length, or statewide credit value.", "sourceIds": [ "vt-pbgr" ] }, { "text": "Assess the locally delivered financial literacy concepts through the district's comprehensive assessment system; Vermont does not prescribe a separate statewide personal finance test.", "sourceIds": [ "vt-financial-literacy", "vt-eqs-2025" ] } ], "sources": [ { "id": "vt-financial-literacy", "title": "Financial Literacy", "authority": "Vermont Agency of Education", "url": "https://education.vermont.gov/learning/content-areas/financial-literacy", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Opening adoption and implementation paragraphs; Statewide Focus on Personal Finance Education", "supports": [ "January 2018 adoption", "multidisciplinary delivery", "older instruction and assessment guidance", "local delivery choice" ], "excerpt": "In January 2018, the State Board of Education adopted the JumpStart National Standards for Personal Finance Education." }, { "id": "vt-content-areas", "title": "Content Areas & Standards", "authority": "Vermont Agency of Education", "url": "https://education.vermont.gov/learning/content-areas", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Vermont State Board Adopted Standards, Financial Literacy", "supports": [ "current identification of adopted standards", "standards framework" ], "excerpt": "Financial Literacy: Jump$tart National Standards for Personal Finance Education." }, { "id": "vt-adopted-standards", "title": "National Standards in K-12 Personal Finance Education, Fourth Edition", "authority": "Jump$tart Coalition for Personal Financial Literacy", "url": "https://www.jumpstart.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/2015-National-Standards-Book.pdf", "sourceType": "standards", "publicationDate": "2015", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Standards pages 6-42; grade 12 benchmarks", "supports": [ "adopted six-domain standards framework", "grade 12 benchmark references" ], "excerpt": "These National Standards delineate the personal finance knowledge and ability that young people should acquire throughout their kindergarten through 12th grade school years." }, { "id": "vt-pbgr", "title": "Financial Literacy Proficiency-Based Graduation Hierarchy", "authority": "Vermont Agency of Education", "url": "https://education.vermont.gov/sites/aoe/files/documents/edu-financial-literacy-proficiency-based-graduation-hierarchy.pdf", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2023-09-25", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "PDF pages 1-3; grades 9-12 hierarchy on page 3", "supports": [ "exemplar status", "interdisciplinary approach", "one PBGR", "three critical proficiencies", "ten priority performance indicators" ], "excerpt": "The exemplar Proficiency-Based Graduation Requirement (PBGR) Hierarchies support equity by providing a cohesive and coordinated vision of student-centered learning across Vermont schools." }, { "id": "vt-crosswalk", "title": "Jump$tart National Standards for K-12 Personal Finance Education: Vermont-Adopted National Standards Crosswalk", "authority": "Vermont Agency of Education", "url": "https://education.vermont.gov/sites/aoe/files/documents/edu-jumpstart-financial-literacy-crosswalk-with-national-standards-4-23-19.pdf", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2018-12-04", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "PDF pages 1-9", "supports": [ "integration opportunities", "state-adopted framework", "stand-alone and flexible-pathway options" ], "excerpt": "Other opportunities exist for personal finance education that are not reflected in this crosswalk, such as a business or stand-alone financial literacy class or through flexible pathways." }, { "id": "vt-eqs-2025", "title": "Series 2000: Education Quality Standards", "authority": "Vermont State Board of Education", "url": "https://education.vermont.gov/sites/aoe/files/documents/edu-state-board-final-rule-series-2000-approved.pdf", "sourceType": "regulation", "publicationDate": "2024-08-09", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Sections 2111, 2120.6-2120.8, and 2123.2, PDF pages 5 and 11-18", "supports": [ "adopted-standards curriculum and instruction duty", "local assessment duty", "current content-area list", "graduation proficiency", "local graduation requirements", "optional use of credits" ], "excerpt": "Supervisory union and supervisory district boards shall use these standards as the basis for developing and selecting curriculum, methods of instruction, assessments, and the content and skills taught and learned in school." }, { "id": "vt-graduation", "title": "Proficiency-Based Graduation Requirements", "authority": "Vermont Agency of Education", "url": "https://education.vermont.gov/learning/proficiency-based-learning/proficiency-based-graduation-requirements", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Opening definition and class-of-2020 implementation statement", "supports": [ "locally delineated PBGRs", "class of 2020", "state standards connection", "local additions" ], "excerpt": "Proficiency-Based Graduation Requirements are the locally-delineated set of content knowledge and skills connected to state standards." }, { "id": "vt-transformation", "title": "Education Transformation: Statewide Graduation Requirements", "authority": "Vermont Agency of Education", "url": "https://education.vermont.gov/schools/school-governance/education-transformation", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Statewide Graduation Requirements section", "supports": [ "future rulemaking", "class of 2031", "current local practice" ], "excerpt": "The graduating class of 2031 will be the first cohort subject to statewide graduation requirements." }, { "id": "vt-grad-recommendations", "title": "AOE Statewide Graduation Requirements Recommendations", "authority": "Vermont Agency of Education", "url": "https://legislature.vermont.gov/assets/Legislative-Reports/edu-act-73-statewide-graduation-requirements-2025.pdf", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2025-12-31", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Report overview and implementation schedule", "supports": [ "recommendation status", "State Board decision process", "not yet final" ], "excerpt": "Act 73 requires the Agency of Education to recommend statewide graduation requirements to the State Board of Education." } ], "faq": [ { "question": "Does Vermont require financial literacy to graduate?", "answer": "Vermont requires local instruction and assessment based on its adopted personal finance standards, but the current statewide graduation rule does not name a separate financial literacy course, content area, or credit. District graduation policies can add local requirements.", "sourceIds": [ "vt-eqs-2025", "vt-graduation", "vt-financial-literacy" ] }, { "question": "Does Vermont require a personal finance course?", "answer": "No statewide stand-alone course is established in the current sources. Vermont describes financial literacy as multidisciplinary and allows local delivery through several subjects, flexible pathways, career technical education, or a stand-alone class.", "sourceIds": [ "vt-financial-literacy", "vt-crosswalk", "vt-eqs-2025" ] }, { "question": "What personal finance standards has Vermont adopted?", "answer": "The State Board adopted the Jump$tart National Standards in K-12 Personal Finance Education. Vermont's grades 9-12 hierarchy organizes them into money management, future planning, and managing risk with ten priority performance indicators.", "sourceIds": [ "vt-financial-literacy", "vt-adopted-standards", "vt-pbgr" ] }, { "question": "How many personal finance credits does Vermont require?", "answer": "The current statewide sources do not assign a personal finance credit amount. Vermont schools may or may not use credits for proficiency-based graduation, and local boards may set additional requirements.", "sourceIds": [ "vt-eqs-2025", "vt-graduation" ] }, { "question": "Will Vermont's future statewide graduation requirements include personal finance?", "answer": "The class of 2031 is scheduled to be the first under future statewide graduation requirements, but the reviewed process had not yet established a final personal finance course or credit requirement. This record does not treat recommendations as current law.", "sourceIds": [ "vt-transformation", "vt-grad-recommendations" ] } ], "relatedStates": [] }, { "name": "Virginia", "abbreviation": "VA", "slug": "virginia", "jurisdictionType": "state", "lastReviewed": "2026-09-20", "researchStatus": "verified", "indexable": true, "seo": { "title": "Virginia Personal Finance Standards & Requirements", "description": "Learn Virginia's one-credit Economics and Personal Finance graduation requirement, course options, credit accommodations, standards, and official sources.", "socialImage": "/icon-512.png" }, "summary": "Virginia requires one standard credit in Economics and Personal Finance for the Standard and Advanced Studies Diplomas. The requirement began with students entering grade 9 in fall 2011. Virginia does not mandate one stand-alone course format: students may complete the 36-week combined course, paired semester courses, or another Board-aligned option that covers the full Economics and Personal Finance Standards of Learning. A narrow 2026 law also permits Board-approved IB substitutions for certain students who transfer after grade 10 while pursuing both an Advanced Studies and IB diploma.", "summarySourceIds": [ "va-vdoe-epf", "va-graduation-rule", "va-approved-courses", "va-ib-transfer" ], "requirement": { "overallStatuses": [ "graduation_requirement", "integrated_requirement" ], "standaloneCourseRequired": false, "graduationRequirement": true, "creditRequirement": "1 standard credit", "gradeLevels": [ "Grades 9-12" ], "effectiveDate": null, "effectiveSchoolYear": "Students entering grade 9 in fall 2011 and later", "firstGraduatingClass": null, "assessmentRequired": false, "responsibleAgency": "Virginia Department of Education", "deliveryNotes": "Students can take the 36-week Economics and Personal Finance course, pair 18 weeks of Personal Finance with 18 weeks of Economics, or complete another course aligned to the full standards. IB Economics or IB Business Management may satisfy the credit for IB Diploma students when the full Virginia standards are incorporated. Board guidance includes specific credit accommodations for eligible students with disabilities, and 2026 law creates a narrow Board-approved IB substitution route for certain after-grade-10 transfers pursuing both diplomas. There is no separate Standards of Learning end-of-course test attached to the credit.", "sourceIds": [ "va-vdoe-epf", "va-graduation-rule", "va-approved-courses", "va-code", "va-ib-transfer" ] }, "standardsDocument": { "title": "Economics and Personal Finance Standards of Learning for Virginia Public Schools", "adoptingAuthority": "Virginia Board of Education", "adoptionDate": "2019", "effectiveDate": null, "officialUrl": "https://www.doe.virginia.gov/teaching-learning-assessment/instruction/economics-personal-finance", "sourceId": "va-standards" }, "narrative": [ { "text": "Virginia requires one standard unit of Economics and Personal Finance for both the Standard Diploma and Advanced Studies Diploma. The mandate began with students entering grade 9 in fall 2011, and the credit may be earned at any point during high school. The official source names an entering cohort rather than a first graduating class, so this record does not infer a class year.", "sourceIds": [ "va-vdoe-epf", "va-graduation-rule" ] }, { "text": "The required credit combines two bodies of content. Standards EPF.1 through EPF.9 address economics, while EPF.10 through EPF.18 cover consumer skills, living expenses, banking, credit, insurance, income and taxes, financial planning, investing, and postsecondary financing.", "sourceIds": [ "va-standards" ] }, { "text": "Virginia offers more than one approved course configuration, but each ordinary pathway must cover the full state standards. Students may take the 36-week combined course, paired 18-week Personal Finance and Economics courses, another aligned course, or qualifying IB Economics or IB Business Management with the Virginia standards incorporated. Eligible students with disabilities may use a specified augmented Personal Living and Finance credit-accommodation pathway for the Standard Diploma.", "sourceIds": [ "va-approved-courses" ] }, { "text": "Effective July 1, 2026, Virginia law adds a narrow exception for a student who transfers into a Virginia public high school after grade 10 and simultaneously pursues an Advanced Studies Diploma and an IB Diploma. The Board must permit approved IB courses or sequences to satisfy the Economics and Personal Finance credit. This does not displace the ordinary one-credit rule for other students.", "sourceIds": [ "va-ib-transfer", "va-graduation-rule" ] } ], "domains": [ { "name": "Economics standards", "summary": "The complete economics half of Virginia's 2019 course standards covers economic reasoning, markets, income, national goals and finance, fiscal policy, government, and trade.", "standards": [ { "code": "EPF.1", "title": "Basic economic concepts and structures", "description": "Demonstrate and integrate knowledge of scarcity, trade-offs, opportunity costs, marginal decisions, factors of production, and economic systems.", "gradeOrCourse": "Economics and Personal Finance", "sourceId": "va-standards", "sourcePage": "2019 SOL, standard EPF.1" }, { "code": "EPF.2", "title": "Producers and consumers", "description": "Demonstrate knowledge of producers, consumers, workers, savers, investors, citizens, incentives, entrepreneurs, business organizations, productivity, and competition.", "gradeOrCourse": "Economics and Personal Finance", "sourceId": "va-standards", "sourcePage": "2019 SOL, standard EPF.2" }, { "code": "EPF.3", "title": "The price system", "description": "Demonstrate knowledge of supply, demand, equilibrium price, elasticity, shortages, surpluses, and the role of prices in allocating resources.", "gradeOrCourse": "Economics and Personal Finance", "sourceId": "va-standards", "sourcePage": "2019 SOL, standard EPF.3" }, { "code": "EPF.4", "title": "Factors affecting income", "description": "Demonstrate knowledge of productivity, human capital, supply and demand for labor, education and skills, and other factors that affect income.", "gradeOrCourse": "Economics and Personal Finance", "sourceId": "va-standards", "sourcePage": "2019 SOL, standard EPF.4" }, { "code": "EPF.5", "title": "National economic goals", "description": "Demonstrate knowledge of full employment, stable prices, economic growth, indicators, and business-cycle conditions.", "gradeOrCourse": "Economics and Personal Finance", "sourceId": "va-standards", "sourcePage": "2019 SOL, standard EPF.5" }, { "code": "EPF.6", "title": "The financial system", "description": "Demonstrate knowledge of money, financial institutions, the Federal Reserve, interest rates, monetary policy, and financial-market functions.", "gradeOrCourse": "Economics and Personal Finance", "sourceId": "va-standards", "sourcePage": "2019 SOL, standard EPF.6" }, { "code": "EPF.7", "title": "Fiscal policy", "description": "Demonstrate knowledge of how congressional spending and tax policy influence employment, output, prices, budgets, deficits, and national debt.", "gradeOrCourse": "Economics and Personal Finance", "sourceId": "va-standards", "sourcePage": "2019 SOL, standard EPF.7" }, { "code": "EPF.8", "title": "Government in a market economy", "description": "Demonstrate knowledge of public goods and services, property rights, contracts, regulation, market failure, and redistribution.", "gradeOrCourse": "Economics and Personal Finance", "sourceId": "va-standards", "sourcePage": "2019 SOL, standard EPF.8" }, { "code": "EPF.9", "title": "The global economy", "description": "Demonstrate knowledge of voluntary trade, absolute and comparative advantage, trade balances, barriers, exchange rates, and global interdependence.", "gradeOrCourse": "Economics and Personal Finance", "sourceId": "va-standards", "sourcePage": "2019 SOL, standard EPF.9" } ] }, { "name": "Personal finance standards", "summary": "The complete personal finance half of Virginia's 2019 standards contains nine numbered standards covering consumer decisions through college financing.", "standards": [ { "code": "EPF.10", "title": "Consumer skills", "description": "Develop consumer skills involving needs and wants, decision-making, contracts, warranties, consumer protection, fraud, identity theft, and complaint resolution.", "gradeOrCourse": "Economics and Personal Finance", "sourceId": "va-standards", "sourcePage": "2019 SOL, standard EPF.10" }, { "code": "EPF.11", "title": "Living and leisure expenses", "description": "Plan for transportation, renting or buying a home, utilities, services, maintenance, and discretionary spending.", "gradeOrCourse": "Economics and Personal Finance", "sourceId": "va-standards", "sourcePage": "2019 SOL, standard EPF.11" }, { "code": "EPF.12", "title": "Banking transactions", "description": "Demonstrate knowledge of financial institutions, services and fees, payment methods, account forms, statement reconciliation, and online and mobile banking.", "gradeOrCourse": "Economics and Personal Finance", "sourceId": "va-standards", "sourcePage": "2019 SOL, standard EPF.12" }, { "code": "EPF.13", "title": "Credit and loan functions", "description": "Evaluate financing, cards, credit qualification, consumer laws, loan terms, debt management, reports and scores, amortization, and bankruptcy.", "gradeOrCourse": "Economics and Personal Finance", "sourceId": "va-standards", "sourcePage": "2019 SOL, standard EPF.13" }, { "code": "EPF.14", "title": "Insurance and risk management", "description": "Evaluate insurance as a risk-management strategy and distinguish automobile, life, property, health, and liability coverage.", "gradeOrCourse": "Economics and Personal Finance", "sourceId": "va-standards", "sourcePage": "2019 SOL, standard EPF.14" }, { "code": "EPF.15", "title": "Income earning, taxes, and reporting", "description": "Connect education, employment arrangements, income, payroll forms, net pay, benefits, taxes, and inheritance and estate concepts.", "gradeOrCourse": "Economics and Personal Finance", "sourceId": "va-standards", "sourcePage": "2019 SOL, standard EPF.15" }, { "code": "EPF.16", "title": "Personal financial planning", "description": "Set goals, identify income and expenses, understand inheritance, calculate net worth, build budgets, and relate government and economic conditions to a financial plan.", "gradeOrCourse": "Economics and Personal Finance", "sourceId": "va-standards", "sourcePage": "2019 SOL, standard EPF.16" }, { "code": "EPF.17", "title": "Investment and savings planning", "description": "Compare simple and compound interest, saving and investment options, Social Security and retirement plans, and stock-market operation.", "gradeOrCourse": "Economics and Personal Finance", "sourceId": "va-standards", "sourcePage": "2019 SOL, standard EPF.17" }, { "code": "EPF.18", "title": "Financing postsecondary education", "description": "Evaluate postsecondary costs and benefits, aid sources, FAFSA, grants, scholarships and scams, loans, repayment, and college-saving options.", "gradeOrCourse": "Economics and Personal Finance", "sourceId": "va-standards", "sourcePage": "2019 SOL, standard EPF.18" } ] } ], "policyTimeline": [ { "date": "2005", "event": "The General Assembly directed the Board of Education to establish required economics and financial literacy objectives.", "sourceId": "va-code" }, { "date": "2011-12", "event": "The one-credit graduation requirement began with students entering grade 9.", "sourceId": "va-vdoe-epf" }, { "date": "2019-10-17", "event": "The Board of Education adopted the current Economics and Personal Finance Standards of Learning.", "sourceId": "va-standards" }, { "date": "2025-08-28", "event": "The Board updated approved course guidance, including express IB Economics and IB Business Management options when the Virginia standards are incorporated.", "sourceId": "va-approved-courses" }, { "date": "2026-07-01", "event": "Chapter 183 created a narrow Board-approved IB substitution route for certain students transferring after grade 10 while pursuing both an Advanced Studies and IB diploma.", "sourceId": "va-ib-transfer" } ], "lawsAndRules": [ { "identifier": "8VAC20-132-51", "title": "Requirements for graduation", "summary": "Lists one standard credit in Economics and Personal Finance for the Standard and Advanced Studies Diplomas.", "officialUrl": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/admincode/title8/agency20/chapter132/section51/", "effectiveDate": "2018-08-23", "sourceId": "va-graduation-rule" }, { "identifier": "Va. Code § 22.1-200.03", "title": "Economics education and financial literacy", "summary": "Requires economics and financial literacy instruction in middle and high school and directs the Board to establish statewide objectives.", "officialUrl": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title22.1/chapter13/section22.1-200.03/", "effectiveDate": null, "sourceId": "va-code" }, { "identifier": "Va. Code § 22.1-253.13:4(D)(22)", "title": "IB substitution for certain transfer students", "summary": "Requires a Board-approved alternative for the Economics and Personal Finance credit for certain students who transfer after grade 10 while pursuing both an Advanced Studies and IB diploma.", "officialUrl": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title22.1/chapter13.2/section22.1-253.13:4/", "effectiveDate": "2026-07-01", "sourceId": "va-ib-transfer" } ], "educatorNotes": [ { "text": "Award one standard credit only after the selected course or course combination addresses the full Economics and Personal Finance Standards of Learning.", "sourceIds": [ "va-approved-courses", "va-standards" ] }, { "text": "The standard 36-week course and the paired 18-week Finance plus 18-week Economics option both satisfy the requirement; other courses must be aligned to the standards.", "sourceIds": [ "va-approved-courses" ] }, { "text": "For an eligible student with disabilities, follow the IEP-based credit-accommodation conditions before using augmented Personal Living and Finance for the Standard Diploma.", "sourceIds": [ "va-approved-courses" ] }, { "text": "For an after-grade-10 transfer student simultaneously pursuing Advanced Studies and IB diplomas, consult the Board-approved IB substitution list under Va. Code § 22.1-253.13:4(D)(22); the exception is narrower than the ordinary IB course option.", "sourceIds": [ "va-ib-transfer", "va-approved-courses" ] } ], "sources": [ { "id": "va-vdoe-epf", "title": "Economics & Personal Finance", "authority": "Virginia Department of Education", "url": "https://www.doe.virginia.gov/teaching-learning-assessment/instruction/economics-personal-finance", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Introduction and Background; Standards of Learning Documents", "supports": [ "one-credit requirement", "fall 2011 entering cohort", "Standard and Advanced Studies Diplomas", "2019 standards", "credit may be earned during high school" ], "excerpt": "Beginning with students entering ninth grade in fall 2011, one standard unit of credit in Economics and Personal Finance is required for graduation." }, { "id": "va-graduation-rule", "title": "8VAC20-132-51 Requirements for Graduation", "authority": "Virginia Administrative Code", "url": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/admincode/title8/agency20/chapter132/section51/", "sourceType": "regulation", "publicationDate": "2024-09-25", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Standard Diploma and Advanced Studies Diploma credit tables", "supports": [ "one standard credit", "diploma applicability", "no verified credit" ], "excerpt": "Economics and Personal Finance ... Standard Units of Credit Required: 1." }, { "id": "va-code", "title": "Code of Virginia § 22.1-200.03", "authority": "Virginia General Assembly", "url": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title22.1/chapter13/section22.1-200.03/", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": "2021", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Subsections A-D", "supports": [ "middle and high school instruction", "Board objectives", "required topics", "no required SOL assessment" ], "excerpt": "The Board shall not be required to evaluate student achievement concerning economics education and financial literacy objectives in the Standards of Learning assessments." }, { "id": "va-standards", "title": "Economics and Personal Finance Standards of Learning", "authority": "Virginia Board of Education", "url": "https://www.doe.virginia.gov/teaching-learning-assessment/instruction/economics-personal-finance", "sourceType": "standards", "publicationDate": "2019-10-17", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "2019 Standards of Learning document, EPF.1-EPF.18", "supports": [ "complete 18-standard course framework", "economics content", "personal finance content" ], "excerpt": "The Standards of Learning for Economics and Personal Finance present economic concepts ... [and] help students develop ... economic reasoning, decision making, and problem solving." }, { "id": "va-approved-courses", "title": "Board of Education Approved Courses to Satisfy Graduation Requirements", "authority": "Virginia Board of Education", "url": "https://townhall.virginia.gov/L/GetFile.cfm?File=C%3A%5CTownHall%5Cdocroot%5CGuidanceDocs%5C201%5CGDoc_DOE_7244_v5.pdf", "sourceType": "board_action", "publicationDate": "2025-08-28", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "PDF pages 15-16, Economics and Personal Finance courses and credit accommodations", "supports": [ "36-week course", "paired semesters", "other aligned courses", "IB options", "disability accommodations" ], "excerpt": "Economics and Personal Finance is a required course for graduation in the Commonwealth. Various options exist to satisfy [it]." }, { "id": "va-ib-transfer", "title": "Code of Virginia § 22.1-253.13:4", "authority": "Virginia General Assembly", "url": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title22.1/chapter13.2/section22.1-253.13:4/", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": "2026-07-01", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Subsection D(22); enacted by Chapter 183 (SB 63/HB 595)", "supports": [ "after-grade-10 transfer limitation", "Advanced Studies and IB diploma condition", "Board-approved EPF substitution" ], "excerpt": "Permit any student who ... after grade 10, transfers into a public high school ... and ... is simultaneously pursuing an advanced studies diploma and an International Baccalaureate (IB) diploma ... [to use approved courses] for the purposes of satisfying the economics and personal finance credit requirement." } ], "faq": [ { "question": "Does Virginia require a personal finance course to graduate?", "answer": "Yes. Virginia requires one standard credit in Economics and Personal Finance for both the Standard and Advanced Studies Diplomas, but it does not mandate one stand-alone course format. Board-approved aligned course options may satisfy the credit.", "sourceIds": [ "va-vdoe-epf", "va-graduation-rule", "va-approved-courses" ] }, { "question": "When did Virginia's financial literacy graduation requirement begin?", "answer": "It began with students entering grade 9 in fall 2011. Covered students may earn the credit at any point during high school.", "sourceIds": [ "va-vdoe-epf" ] }, { "question": "Can Virginia students split the EPF credit across two semesters?", "answer": "Yes. Board guidance approves 18 weeks of Personal Finance paired with 18 weeks of Economics, as well as the 36-week combined course and other fully aligned options.", "sourceIds": [ "va-approved-courses" ] }, { "question": "Is there a Virginia SOL test for Economics and Personal Finance?", "answer": "The graduation tables require one standard credit but no verified credit, and the approved-course guidance does not attach an end-of-course SOL assessment to the EPF credit.", "sourceIds": [ "va-graduation-rule", "va-approved-courses" ] }, { "question": "What do Virginia's financial literacy standards cover?", "answer": "EPF.10 through EPF.18 cover consumer skills, living expenses, banking, credit, insurance, income and taxes, financial planning, saving and investing, and financing education. EPF.1 through EPF.9 add the required economics content.", "sourceIds": [ "va-standards" ] }, { "question": "Does Virginia allow an IB transfer-student alternative?", "answer": "In a narrow case. A student who transfers into a Virginia public high school after grade 10 while simultaneously pursuing an Advanced Studies Diploma and an IB Diploma may use Board-approved IB courses or sequences for the Economics and Personal Finance credit.", "sourceIds": [ "va-ib-transfer" ] } ], "relatedStates": [] }, { "name": "Washington", "abbreviation": "WA", "slug": "washington", "jurisdictionType": "state", "lastReviewed": "2026-09-20", "researchStatus": "verified", "indexable": true, "seo": { "title": "Washington Personal Finance Standards & Requirements", "description": "Learn what Washington requires schools to offer in financial education, how the K-12 standards work, and why no statewide personal finance credit is required.", "socialImage": "/icon-512.png" }, "summary": "Washington has adopted K-12 financial education standards and requires school districts to give all students in grades 9-12 an opportunity to access them. The state does not currently require every student to complete personal finance instruction, take a stand-alone financial literacy course, or earn a separate credit for graduation. Districts choose how access is provided and are encouraged, but not required, to award graduation credit for completed financial education courses.", "summarySourceIds": [ "wa-access-law", "wa-state-standards-law", "wa-standards", "wa-graduation" ], "requirement": { "overallStatuses": [ "standards_only", "no_statewide_requirement_located" ], "standaloneCourseRequired": false, "graduationRequirement": false, "creditRequirement": null, "gradeLevels": [ "Grades K-12 standards", "Grades 9-12 access requirement" ], "effectiveDate": "2015-07-24", "effectiveSchoolYear": "Districts must provide grades 9-12 access; no statewide student-completion year applies", "firstGraduatingClass": null, "assessmentRequired": false, "responsibleAgency": "Washington Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction", "deliveryNotes": "Districts may provide access during a regular class, before or after school, at lunch, during library or study time, at home, through online learning, through career and technical education equivalencies, or through other opportunities. State law encourages but does not require districts to grant graduation credit.", "sourceIds": [ "wa-access-law", "wa-session-law", "wa-district-goals", "wa-state-standards-law", "wa-standards", "wa-graduation" ] }, "standardsDocument": { "title": "Washington State K-12 Learning Standards for Financial Education", "adoptingAuthority": "Washington Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction", "adoptionDate": "2016-09-27", "effectiveDate": null, "officialUrl": "https://ospi.k12.wa.us/sites/default/files/2023-08/fek-12learningstandardsoct2016.pdf", "sourceId": "wa-standards" }, "narrative": [ { "text": "Washington's current statewide requirement is access, not student completion. RCW 28A.300.468 directs districts to provide every student in grades 9-12 an opportunity to access the financial education standards and to publicize those opportunities, while expressly describing graduation credit as encouraged rather than mandatory.", "sourceIds": [ "wa-access-law" ] }, { "text": "Washington adopted K-12 financial education standards in 2016. The framework organizes learning around spending and saving, credit and debt, employment and income, investing, risk management and insurance, and financial decision-making. Local districts decide curriculum and are directed by the framework to integrate the standards into relevant courses leading to graduation.", "sourceIds": [ "wa-state-standards-law", "wa-standards" ] }, { "text": "The state does not prescribe a stand-alone personal finance course, a minimum credit amount, or a graduating class that must complete financial literacy. Washington's general diploma framework continues to require 24 credits, a graduation pathway, and a High School and Beyond Plan without a separate personal finance credit.", "sourceIds": [ "wa-access-law", "wa-graduation" ] }, { "text": "OSPI released revised financial education standards for initial adoption in May 2026, with final adoption expected before January 2027 and required classroom use planned for 2028-29. As of September 20, 2026, OSPI still identified Financial Education as a 2016 adoption and described the revision as awaiting formal adoption in fall 2026.", "sourceIds": [ "wa-2026-initial", "wa-standards-review", "wa-financial-page", "wa-standards" ] }, { "text": "Three bills in the 2025-26 biennium proposed future financial-education graduation requirements: HB 1285, SB 5080, and SB 5849. None completed enactment. The State Superintendent's July 2026 postsecondary-launch-course announcement was also a proposal. None is used as current law.", "sourceIds": [ "wa-hb1285", "wa-sb5080", "wa-sb5849", "wa-launch-proposal" ] } ], "domains": [ { "name": "Spending and saving", "summary": "Four high-school standards progress through budgeting, recordkeeping, payment methods, and informed consumer decisions in grades 9-12.", "standards": [ { "code": "9.SS-12.SS (standard 1)", "title": "Develop a plan for spending and saving", "description": "Use and refine spending and saving plans, connect charitable giving to a budget, evaluate behavior that builds wealth, and account for monetary and non-monetary assets in net worth.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wa-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 42, 45, 49, and 54" }, { "code": "9.SS-12.SS (standard 2)", "title": "Develop a system for financial records", "description": "Investigate financial accounts and build systems for retaining tax, account, property, and other records needed for planning and legal or tax purposes.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wa-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 42, 45, 49, and 54" }, { "code": "9.SS-12.SS (standard 3)", "title": "Use different payment methods", "description": "Compare the costs, risks, protections, and practical use of checking, cards, digital payments, check-cashing services, and bill-payment systems.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wa-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 42, 45, 49, and 54" }, { "code": "9.SS-12.SS (standard 4)", "title": "Apply consumer skills to spending and saving", "description": "Use comparison shopping and financing analysis for major purchases, evaluate postsecondary costs and charities, and compare renting with homeownership.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wa-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 42, 45, 49, and 54" } ] }, { "name": "Credit and debt", "summary": "Four standards address borrowing costs, credit reports, debt management, and consumer-credit protections.", "standards": [ { "code": "9.CD-12.CD (standard 1)", "title": "Analyze costs and benefits of credit", "description": "Compare education, vehicle, card, mortgage, and other credit options and calculate how rates, fees, terms, and repayment choices affect total cost.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wa-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 42, 46, 50, and 54-55" }, { "code": "9.CD-12.CD (standard 2)", "title": "Understand credit-report rights and responsibilities", "description": "Explain how reports and scores affect borrowing, identify reporting agencies and permissible uses, and use the process for disputing inaccurate data.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wa-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 42, 46, 50, and 55" }, { "code": "9.CD-12.CD (standard 3)", "title": "Avoid or correct debt-management problems", "description": "Recognize excessive debt, build a debt-management plan, evaluate counseling or restructuring, and understand bankruptcy and student-loan obligations.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wa-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 42, 46, 50, and 55" }, { "code": "9.CD-12.CD (standard 4)", "title": "Summarize consumer-credit laws", "description": "Apply major federal and state consumer-credit protections involving reports, equal access, collection, garnishment, repossession, and regulatory assistance.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wa-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 42, 46, 50, and 55" } ] }, { "name": "Employment and income", "summary": "Three standards connect education and career choices with compensation, taxes, benefits, and take-home pay.", "standards": [ { "code": "9.EI-12.EI (standard 1)", "title": "Explore job and career options", "description": "Develop and revise career plans, résumés, and cover letters and evaluate education, entrepreneurship, productivity, and postsecondary costs against career and lifestyle goals.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wa-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 42-43, 46, 50, and 56" }, { "code": "9.EI-12.EI (standard 2)", "title": "Compare income and compensation", "description": "Compare earned and unearned income, wages, salaries, benefits, employer contributions, retirement income, and the monetary and non-monetary value of compensation.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wa-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 43, 46, 50, and 56" }, { "code": "9.EI-12.EI (standard 3)", "title": "Analyze factors that affect net income", "description": "Examine taxes and payroll deductions, adjust withholding, and evaluate employer retirement and health-savings benefits and their effect on take-home pay.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wa-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 43, 46, 50, and 56" } ] }, { "name": "Investing", "summary": "Four standards address wealth building, investment choices, transactions, and investor protection.", "standards": [ { "code": "9.I-12.I (standard 1)", "title": "Explain how investing builds wealth", "description": "Use long-term, retirement, and comprehensive financial-planning strategies to show how investing can support financial goals.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wa-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 43, 46, 50-51, and 56" }, { "code": "9.I-12.I (standard 2)", "title": "Evaluate investment alternatives", "description": "Compare investments by objective, risk, diversification, asset allocation, fees, taxes, liquidity, and retirement or health-savings advantages.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wa-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 43, 46, 51, and 56-57" }, { "code": "9.I-12.I (standard 3)", "title": "Demonstrate how investments are bought and sold", "description": "Use market information, risk tolerance, and personal-plan objectives to evaluate channels for buying, owning, and selling investments.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wa-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 43, 46, 51, and 57" }, { "code": "9.I-12.I (standard 4)", "title": "Understand investment regulation", "description": "Identify investment-fraud warning signs, prevention resources, and the roles of federal and Washington agencies that regulate markets and protect investors.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wa-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 43, 46, 51, and 57" } ] }, { "name": "Risk management and insurance", "summary": "Three standards cover risk-management choices and the major forms of property, liability, health, disability, long-term-care, and life insurance.", "standards": [ { "code": "9.RM-12.RM (standard 1)", "title": "Identify risks and risk-management methods", "description": "Evaluate warranties and insurance for risks young adults may face and understand insurance fraud and the state agencies that regulate coverage.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wa-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 43, 47, 51, and 57" }, { "code": "9.RM-12.RM (standard 2)", "title": "Use property and liability insurance", "description": "Examine auto, renters, and homeowners coverage, legal minimums, claims, exclusions, deductibles, and factors that affect premiums.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wa-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 43, 47, 51, and 57" }, { "code": "9.RM-12.RM (standard 3)", "title": "Use health, disability, long-term-care, and life insurance", "description": "Evaluate coverage needs, compare health and disability options, and explain long-term-care insurance and public income-support programs.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wa-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 43, 47, 51, and 57-58" } ] }, { "name": "Financial decision-making", "summary": "Eight standards apply responsibility, reliable information, consumer law, planning, communication, contracts, privacy, and budgeting to financial decisions.", "standards": [ { "code": "9.FD-12.FD (standard 1)", "title": "Recognize responsibility for financial decisions", "description": "Evaluate how financial responsibility changes with life circumstances, dependents, personal values, and the effects of individual choices on other people and society.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wa-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 44, 47, 52, and 58" }, { "code": "9.FD-12.FD (standard 2)", "title": "Use reliable financial resources", "description": "Identify objective and current information and determine when professional legal, financial-planning, or tax advice may be useful.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wa-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 44, 47, 52, and 58" }, { "code": "9.FD-12.FD (standard 3)", "title": "Understand consumer-protection laws", "description": "Locate credible information about consumer rights, responsibilities, agencies, complaints, dispute assistance, and prohibited practices.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wa-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 44, 47, 52, and 58" }, { "code": "9.FD-12.FD (standard 4)", "title": "Make criterion-based financial decisions", "description": "Systematically compare alternatives, consequences, taxes, inflation, high-cost financing, contingencies, and changing circumstances when pursuing goals.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wa-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 44, 47, 52, and 58" }, { "code": "9.FD-12.FD (standard 5)", "title": "Communicate about financial issues", "description": "Share goals and information appropriately and practice negotiation for wages, fees, major purchases, and household financial choices.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wa-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 44, 47, 52, and 58" }, { "code": "9.FD-12.FD (standard 6)", "title": "Analyze contractual obligations", "description": "Understand binding agreements and interpret credit, insurance, employment, lease, tenant, landlord, and small-claims terms and remedies.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wa-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 44, 47, 52, and 58-59" }, { "code": "9.FD-12.FD (standard 7)", "title": "Control personal information", "description": "Protect personal financial data, recognize identity-theft risks, use mobile and online safeguards, and follow official steps to resolve identity theft.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wa-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 44, 47, 52-53, and 59" }, { "code": "9.FD-12.FD (standard 8)", "title": "Use a personal financial plan or budget", "description": "Create, monitor, and revise a financial plan covering goals, spending, saving, investing, insurance, net worth, estate planning, wills, and health-care directives.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wa-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 44, 47, 53, and 59" } ] } ], "policyTimeline": [ { "date": "2015-07-24", "event": "Chapter 211, Laws of 2015 took effect, requiring grades 9-12 access to the standards and adopting national personal-finance standards as state standards.", "sourceId": "wa-access-law" }, { "date": "2016-09-27", "event": "The Superintendent adopted Washington's current K-12 Learning Standards for Financial Education.", "sourceId": "wa-standards" }, { "date": "2023-03-01", "event": "The deadline passed for every district, charter school, and state-tribal education compact school to adopt at least one goal for expanding financial education.", "sourceId": "wa-district-goals" }, { "date": "2026-05-07", "event": "OSPI released revised financial education standards for initial adoption and feedback, with final adoption still pending.", "sourceId": "wa-2026-initial" } ], "lawsAndRules": [ { "identifier": "RCW 28A.300.468", "title": "Financial education standards: availability of materials", "summary": "Requires districts to provide grades 9-12 students opportunities to access the standards and publicize those opportunities; graduation credit is encouraged rather than required.", "officialUrl": "https://app.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=28A.300.468", "effectiveDate": "2015-07-24", "sourceId": "wa-access-law" }, { "identifier": "RCW 28A.300.469", "title": "State financial education learning standards", "summary": "Adopts national-coalition K-12 personal-finance standards as Washington's state financial education learning standards.", "officialUrl": "https://app.leg.wa.gov/rcw/default.aspx?cite=28A.300.469", "effectiveDate": "2015-07-24", "sourceId": "wa-state-standards-law" }, { "identifier": "RCW 28A.300.467", "title": "Financial education model goals", "summary": "Required each district to adopt at least one goal for expanding financial education by March 1, 2023.", "officialUrl": "https://app.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=28A.300.467", "effectiveDate": "2022-06-09", "sourceId": "wa-district-goals" } ], "educatorNotes": [ { "text": "Provide all grades 9-12 students a genuine opportunity to access the financial education standards and publicize the available opportunities to students and families.", "sourceIds": [ "wa-access-law" ] }, { "text": "Do not treat the access requirement as a statewide student-completion or graduation-credit mandate. Districts may decide whether to award credit and how to deliver instruction.", "sourceIds": [ "wa-access-law", "wa-graduation" ] }, { "text": "The 2026 revised standards remain in initial adoption. Until OSPI completes formal adoption, use the 2016 document as the current adopted framework while planning for the announced 2028-29 implementation timeline.", "sourceIds": [ "wa-standards", "wa-2026-initial", "wa-standards-review" ] } ], "sources": [ { "id": "wa-access-law", "title": "RCW 28A.300.468: Financial education standards—Availability of materials", "authority": "Washington State Legislature", "url": "https://app.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=28A.300.468", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": "2015-07-24", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Subsections (1)-(2)", "supports": [ "grades 9-12 access requirement", "permitted delivery methods", "public notice", "credit encouraged but not required" ], "excerpt": "School districts shall provide all students in grades nine through twelve the opportunity to access the financial education standards." }, { "id": "wa-session-law", "title": "Chapter 211, Laws of 2015: Substitute Senate Bill 5202", "authority": "Washington State Legislature", "url": "https://lawfilesext.leg.wa.gov/biennium/2015-16/Pdf/Bills/Session%20Laws/Senate/5202-S.sl.pdf", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": "2015-05-08", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Certification and sections 4-5", "supports": [ "July 24, 2015 effective date", "grades 9-12 access requirement", "state standards adoption" ], "excerpt": "EFFECTIVE DATE: 7/24/2015." }, { "id": "wa-state-standards-law", "title": "RCW 28A.300.469: State financial education learning standards", "authority": "Washington State Legislature", "url": "https://app.leg.wa.gov/rcw/default.aspx?cite=28A.300.469", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": "2015-07-24", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Full section", "supports": [ "state adoption of K-12 personal finance learning standards" ], "excerpt": "Standards in K-12 personal finance education ... are adopted as the state financial education learning standards." }, { "id": "wa-district-goals", "title": "RCW 28A.300.467: Financial education public-private partnership—Model goals", "authority": "Washington State Legislature", "url": "https://app.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=28A.300.467", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": "2022", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Subsections (1)-(3)", "supports": [ "district financial-education goals", "March 1, 2023 deadline", "charter and tribal compact school coverage" ], "excerpt": "Each school district, by March 1, 2023, shall adopt one or more goals for expanding financial education instruction." }, { "id": "wa-standards", "title": "Washington State K-12 Learning Standards for Financial Education", "authority": "Washington Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction", "url": "https://ospi.k12.wa.us/sites/default/files/2023-08/fek-12learningstandardsoct2016.pdf", "sourceType": "standards", "publicationDate": "2016-09-27", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Adoption statement, PDF page 3; high-school standards, PDF pages 45-62", "supports": [ "2016 adoption date", "six competencies", "complete high-school standards", "local curriculum and integrated delivery" ], "excerpt": "Each district should ... integrate [the standards] into relevant high school courses leading to graduation." }, { "id": "wa-financial-page", "title": "Financial Education", "authority": "Washington Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction", "url": "https://ospi.k12.wa.us/student-success/resources-subject-area/financial-education", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Financial Education Standards", "supports": [ "2016 standards remain current", "district goals", "current agency resources" ], "excerpt": "Washington State Financial Education K-12 Learning Standards (October 2016)." }, { "id": "wa-graduation", "title": "Graduation", "authority": "Washington Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction", "url": "https://ospi.k12.wa.us/student-success/graduation", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "State graduation requirements overview", "supports": [ "24-credit requirement", "graduation pathway", "High School and Beyond Plan", "absence of separate personal finance credit" ], "excerpt": "To graduate from a Washington public high school, students must complete a High School and Beyond Plan, meet at least one graduation pathway, and earn a minimum of 24 credits." }, { "id": "wa-2026-initial", "title": "Bulletin 018-26: Initial Adoption of Washington State K-12 Learning Standards for Financial Education", "authority": "Washington Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction", "url": "https://ospi.k12.wa.us/sites/default/files/2026-05/bulletin-018-26.pdf", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2026-05-07", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "PDF pages 1-2", "supports": [ "initial-adoption status", "final adoption expected before January 2027", "planned 2028-29 required teaching" ], "excerpt": "The Learning Standards for FE are in the initial adoption phase of the learning standards revision process." }, { "id": "wa-standards-review", "title": "Washington State Learning Standards Review", "authority": "Washington Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction", "url": "https://ospi.k12.wa.us/student-success/learning-standards-instructional-materials/washington-state-learning-standards-review", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2026-08", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Financial Education Learning Standards", "supports": [ "2026 revision status", "formal adoption expected fall 2026", "2016 framework transition" ], "excerpt": "Learning standards for Financial Education (FE) are now in the Initial Adoption and Implementation phase." }, { "id": "wa-hb1285", "title": "HB 1285: Making financial education instruction a graduation requirement in public schools", "authority": "Washington State Legislature", "url": "https://app.leg.wa.gov/billsummary?BillNumber=1285&Year=2025", "sourceType": "bill", "publicationDate": "2025-01-14", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "2025-26 bill history", "supports": [ "House-passed proposal", "no completed enactment", "proposal distinguished from current law" ], "excerpt": "By resolution, reintroduced and retained in present status." }, { "id": "wa-sb5080", "title": "SB 5080: Making financial education instruction a graduation requirement", "authority": "Washington State Legislature", "url": "https://app.leg.wa.gov/billsummary?BillNumber=5080&Year=2026", "sourceType": "bill", "publicationDate": "2024-12-19", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "2025-26 bill history", "supports": [ "proposed graduation requirement", "committee status", "proposal distinguished from current law" ], "excerpt": "By resolution, reintroduced and retained in present status." }, { "id": "wa-sb5849", "title": "SB 5849: Making financial education a graduation requirement in Washington state", "authority": "Washington State Legislature", "url": "https://app.leg.wa.gov/BillSummary/?BillNumber=5849&Year=2026", "sourceType": "bill", "publicationDate": "2025-12-08", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "2026 regular-session bill history", "supports": [ "proposed class of 2033 graduation requirement", "committee hearing only", "proposal distinguished from current law" ], "excerpt": "First reading, referred to Early Learning & K-12 Education." }, { "id": "wa-launch-proposal", "title": "State Superintendent Chris Reykdal Proposes Statewide Postsecondary Launch Course for All Graduating Seniors", "authority": "Washington Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction", "url": "https://ospi.k12.wa.us/about-ospi/news-center/news-releases/state-superintendent-chris-reykdal-proposes-statewide-postsecondary-launch-course-all-graduating", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2026-07-07", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Proposal overview", "supports": [ "proposed half-credit financial literacy component", "proposal distinguished from current requirements" ], "excerpt": "Superintendent Reykdal's proposal would combine the existing semester-long civics requirement ... with another 0.5 credit in financial literacy and postsecondary readiness." } ], "faq": [ { "question": "Does Washington require financial literacy to graduate?", "answer": "No. Washington currently requires districts to give grades 9-12 students opportunities to access financial education standards, but it does not require every student to complete the instruction or earn a personal finance credit to graduate.", "sourceIds": [ "wa-access-law", "wa-graduation" ] }, { "question": "Does Washington require a stand-alone personal finance course?", "answer": "No. Districts may offer a course, integrate financial education into other subjects, use career and technical education equivalencies, or provide access through other settings allowed by state law.", "sourceIds": [ "wa-access-law", "wa-standards" ] }, { "question": "What do Washington's financial literacy standards cover?", "answer": "The current 2016 standards cover spending and saving, credit and debt, employment and income, investing, risk management and insurance, and financial decision-making from kindergarten through grade 12.", "sourceIds": [ "wa-standards" ] }, { "question": "Are Washington's financial education standards changing?", "answer": "OSPI released revised standards for initial adoption in May 2026. Final adoption was expected before January 2027, with the new standards planned to become required for teaching in 2028-29. The 2016 framework remains the current formally adopted document in this research record.", "sourceIds": [ "wa-2026-initial", "wa-standards-review", "wa-standards" ] }, { "question": "Did Washington pass a new personal finance graduation law?", "answer": "No. HB 1285, SB 5080, and SB 5849 proposed future graduation requirements during the 2025-26 biennium, but none completed enactment as of September 20, 2026.", "sourceIds": [ "wa-hb1285", "wa-sb5080", "wa-sb5849" ] } ], "relatedStates": [] }, { "name": "West Virginia", "abbreviation": "WV", "slug": "west-virginia", "jurisdictionType": "state", "lastReviewed": "2026-09-20", "researchStatus": "needs_review", "indexable": false, "seo": { "title": "West Virginia Personal Finance Standards & Requirements", "description": "See West Virginia's personal finance graduation requirement, 2024-25 freshman cohort, grades 8-12 options, 85 instructional-resource criteria, and credit conflict.", "socialImage": "/icon-512.png" }, "summary": "West Virginia requires personal finance for students entering grade 9 in 2024-25 or later. Current law and a formal July 2025 statewide waiver allow completion in grades 8-12. Credit and delivery remain under review: §18-2-7c specifies one-half credit and permits integration, while formally adopted Policy 2510 prescribes one credit in Personal Finance 1451. The Board deliberately selected one credit and has general diploma-setting authority, but the sources reviewed do not expressly reconcile the specific statutory and policy requirements. This record remains unverified and noindex; it does not advise that half a credit alone satisfies the Board's current policy.", "summarySourceIds": [ "wv-statute", "wv-policy", "wv-comments", "wv-authority6", "wv-waiver" ], "requirement": { "overallStatuses": [ "graduation_requirement", "pending_or_phased" ], "standaloneCourseRequired": null, "graduationRequirement": true, "creditRequirement": "Unresolved statutory-policy relationship: §18-2-7c specifies 0.5 credit; formal Policy 2510 and current WVDE guidance prescribe 1 credit in Personal Finance 1451", "gradeLevels": [ "Grades 8-12" ], "effectiveDate": "2024-07-01", "effectiveSchoolYear": "Students entering grade 9 in 2024-25 and later", "firstGraduatingClass": null, "assessmentRequired": null, "responsibleAgency": "West Virginia Department of Education", "deliveryNotes": "Policy 2510, effective July 1, 2024, prescribes one credit in course 1451 in the ordinary graduation table; it is not merely a suggested catalog option. The statute retains an integrated-program option and specifies half a credit. Broad Board authority and the filed stakeholder rationale establish that the one-credit policy was intentional, but do not expressly resolve whether the statutory half-credit is only a floor or when integrated completion satisfies both authorities. The July 9, 2025 statewide waiver implements SB 283's grades 8-12 expansion and retroactive credit; the older junior/senior restriction is no longer applied as controlling statewide timing.", "sourceIds": [ "wv-statute", "wv-policy", "wv-guidance", "wv-comments", "wv-authority5", "wv-authority6", "wv-sb283", "wv-waiver" ] }, "standardsDocument": null, "narrative": [ { "text": "West Virginia's graduation statute covers the cohort entering grade 9 in 2024-25 and every later cohort. Each covered student must complete personal finance before receiving a high school diploma, and current law allows the work to be completed in any grade from 8 through 12.", "sourceIds": [ "wv-statute", "wv-green-book" ] }, { "text": "The Board adopted the operative Policy 2510 on May 8, 2024, after rescinding its April approval because the earlier submitted copy omitted changes responsive to comments. The rule became effective July 1, 2024. It postdates the 2023 half-credit law but predates the 2025 grade expansion. The current Secretary of State register still lists that 2024 rule as active; no later full readoption resolving the credit issue was located.", "sourceIds": [ "wv-hb3113", "wv-adoption", "wv-rule-register", "wv-policy", "wv-sb283" ] }, { "text": "The filed comment-response log explains why one credit was chosen: stakeholders recommended a full-credit course that could be taught by business teachers or teachers with an advanced personal finance credential. The response quotes the half-credit statute and retains the full-credit recommendation. This establishes a deliberate implementation choice, not an accidental catalog or guidance typo, but the response does not analyze whether the statutory amount is a floor or a sufficient completion route.", "sourceIds": [ "wv-comments", "wv-statute", "wv-policy" ] }, { "text": "The Board has constitutional supervisory authority, general rulemaking authority under §18-2-5, diploma-standard authority under §18-2-6, and an express implementation assignment in §18-2-7c(c). Those powers support a possible higher Board minimum, so this review does not declare the policy invalid. However, §18-2-5 requires conformity with state law, and the later §18-2-7c retains half-credit language plus an express sufficiency provision for qualifying earlier completion. No source reviewed expressly reconciles these specific provisions with the prescribed full credit. This remains an unresolved publication decision, not a legal ruling that either authority supersedes the other.", "sourceIds": [ "wv-constitution", "wv-authority5", "wv-authority6", "wv-statute", "wv-comments" ] }, { "text": "The same unresolved relationship affects course delivery. The statute permits integration into an appropriate existing course or courses, while the ordinary Policy 2510 diploma table prescribes Personal Finance 1451 as a separate subject credit. Course 1451 is mandatory under that policy table, not just an approved elective or a single specialized diploma option. Whether another half-credit or integrated route satisfies both authorities is not established, so neither universal stand-alone nor integrated-delivery category membership is asserted.", "sourceIds": [ "wv-statute", "wv-policy", "wv-guidance" ] }, { "text": "The grade-level conflict is resolved. SB 283, effective June 24, 2025, permits grades 8-12 and qualifying earlier completion in grades 8-10. On July 9, 2025, the Board approved a statewide Policy 2510 waiver implementing the expanded grades and retroactive credit earned in 2024-25. September 2025 guidance records the waiver. The older junior/senior wording remaining in the policy and guide's table must be read subject to that later law and formal waiver; the waiver does not change the number of prescribed credits.", "sourceIds": [ "wv-statute", "wv-sb283", "wv-waiver", "wv-guidance", "wv-policy" ] }, { "text": "WVDE's current course 1451 instructional-resource criteria contain 85 numbered expectations in careers, earning income, banking, spending and budgeting, credit, saving and investing, risk management, and taxes. They are reproduced below as criteria, not represented as an independently adopted state standards document.", "sourceIds": [ "wv-criteria", "wv-criteria-page" ] } ], "domains": [ { "name": "Careers", "summary": "Twelve expectations connect career planning, education and training, workplace readiness, wages, professional organizations, and unemployment protection.", "standards": [ { "code": "1451.1.1", "title": "Identify available career pathways and their educational requirements", "description": "Identify available career pathways and their educational requirements.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Careers" }, { "code": "1451.1.2", "title": "Analyze careers based on salary, stability, growth, training, and…", "description": "Analyze careers based on salary, stability, growth, training, and responsibilities, including nontraditional work.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Careers" }, { "code": "1451.1.3", "title": "Investigate ways to finance postsecondary education, certificates,…", "description": "Investigate ways to finance postsecondary education, certificates, training, armed-forces preparation, and workplace skills.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Careers" }, { "code": "1451.1.4", "title": "Examine financial aid opportunities, including FAFSA, Student Aid Index,…", "description": "Examine financial aid opportunities, including FAFSA, Student Aid Index, scholarships, and grants.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Careers" }, { "code": "1451.1.5", "title": "Analyze relationships among careers, education, pay, and unemployment", "description": "Analyze relationships among careers, education, pay, and unemployment.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Careers" }, { "code": "1451.1.6", "title": "Discuss traditional and nontraditional workforce roles", "description": "Discuss traditional and nontraditional workforce roles.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Careers" }, { "code": "1451.1.7", "title": "Develop a resume for employment, scholarships, or college applications", "description": "Develop a resume for employment, scholarships, or college applications.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Careers" }, { "code": "1451.1.8", "title": "Differentiate hard skills from soft skills", "description": "Differentiate hard skills from soft skills.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Careers" }, { "code": "1451.1.9", "title": "Demonstrate interview skills and workplace expectations", "description": "Demonstrate interview skills and workplace expectations.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Careers" }, { "code": "1451.1.10", "title": "Put the state's minimum and median wages in context", "description": "Put the state's minimum and median wages in context.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Careers" }, { "code": "1451.1.11", "title": "Explain benefits and costs of professional organizations related to…", "description": "Explain benefits and costs of professional organizations related to career growth.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Careers" }, { "code": "1451.1.12", "title": "Discuss how state unemployment programs can reduce hardship caused by…", "description": "Discuss how state unemployment programs can reduce hardship caused by job losses during a recession or pandemic.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Careers" } ] }, { "name": "Earning Income", "summary": "Seven expectations cover income sources, employment forms, pay stubs, taxable income, payday loans, and W-2 versus 1099 reporting.", "standards": [ { "code": "1451.2.1", "title": "Differentiate wage, salary, rent, entrepreneurship, disability, profit,…", "description": "Differentiate wage, salary, rent, entrepreneurship, disability, profit, retirement, and investment income.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Earning Incomes" }, { "code": "1451.2.2", "title": "Explain the difference between earned and unearned income", "description": "Explain the difference between earned and unearned income.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Earning Incomes" }, { "code": "1451.2.3", "title": "Complete IRS employment forms", "description": "Complete IRS employment forms.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Earning Incomes" }, { "code": "1451.2.4", "title": "Read a pay stub and describe its deductions", "description": "Read a pay stub and describe its deductions.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Earning Incomes" }, { "code": "1451.2.5", "title": "Differentiate gross, net, and taxable income", "description": "Differentiate gross, net, and taxable income.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Earning Incomes" }, { "code": "1451.2.6", "title": "Explain how payday loans can cause a cycle of debt", "description": "Explain how payday loans can cause a cycle of debt.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Earning Incomes" }, { "code": "1451.2.7", "title": "Explain the differences between income reported on IRS Forms W-2 and 1099", "description": "Explain the differences between income reported on IRS Forms W-2 and 1099.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Earning Incomes" } ] }, { "name": "Banking", "summary": "Ten expectations address institutions, accounts, documents, reconciliation, electronic banking, alternative services, payment methods, and time value.", "standards": [ { "code": "1451.3.1", "title": "Research financial services provided by banking institutions", "description": "Research financial services provided by banking institutions.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Banking" }, { "code": "1451.3.2", "title": "Explain the difference between checking and savings accounts", "description": "Explain the difference between checking and savings accounts.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Banking" }, { "code": "1451.3.3", "title": "Prepare checks, deposit and withdrawal slips, endorsements, and other…", "description": "Prepare checks, deposit and withdrawal slips, endorsements, and other bank-account documents.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Banking" }, { "code": "1451.3.4", "title": "Reconcile a bank statement and maintain financial records", "description": "Reconcile a bank statement and maintain financial records.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Banking" }, { "code": "1451.3.5", "title": "Use online and electronic banking procedures such as recurring payments,…", "description": "Use online and electronic banking procedures such as recurring payments, transfers, and statements.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Banking" }, { "code": "1451.3.6", "title": "Compare costs and benefits of alternative financial services with…", "description": "Compare costs and benefits of alternative financial services with traditional banking.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Banking" }, { "code": "1451.3.7", "title": "Demonstrate understanding of credit and debit cards", "description": "Demonstrate understanding of credit and debit cards.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Banking" }, { "code": "1451.3.8", "title": "Explain cash, credit, debit, electronic funds transfer, foreign…", "description": "Explain cash, credit, debit, electronic funds transfer, foreign currency, and other forms of exchange.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Banking" }, { "code": "1451.3.9", "title": "Explain the time value of money", "description": "Explain the time value of money.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Banking" }, { "code": "1451.3.10", "title": "Compare check-cashing costs at banks, credit unions, check-cashing…", "description": "Compare check-cashing costs at banks, credit unions, check-cashing services, and retailers.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Banking" } ] }, { "name": "Spending and Budgeting", "summary": "Eleven expectations cover needs and wants, goals, informed consumption, renting and buying, record-keeping, budgets, emergencies, and philanthropy.", "standards": [ { "code": "1451.4.1", "title": "Classify expenses as needs or wants", "description": "Classify expenses as needs or wants.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Spending and Budgeting" }, { "code": "1451.4.2", "title": "Identify short-term and long-term financial goals", "description": "Identify short-term and long-term financial goals.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Spending and Budgeting" }, { "code": "1451.4.3", "title": "Evaluate price, quality, product information, and payment options", "description": "Evaluate price, quality, product information, and payment options.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Spending and Budgeting" }, { "code": "1451.4.4", "title": "Understand spending influences, consumer rights, and wise-consumer practices", "description": "Understand spending influences, consumer rights, and wise-consumer practices.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Spending and Budgeting" }, { "code": "1451.4.5", "title": "Analyze advantages and disadvantages of buying versus renting or leasing", "description": "Analyze advantages and disadvantages of buying versus renting or leasing.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Spending and Budgeting" }, { "code": "1451.4.6", "title": "Explain how financial record-keeping supports decisions", "description": "Explain how financial record-keeping supports decisions.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Spending and Budgeting" }, { "code": "1451.4.7", "title": "Describe budgeting strategies, including paying yourself first", "description": "Describe budgeting strategies, including paying yourself first.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Spending and Budgeting" }, { "code": "1451.4.8", "title": "Evaluate budgeting tools such as spreadsheets and applications", "description": "Evaluate budgeting tools such as spreadsheets and applications.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Spending and Budgeting" }, { "code": "1451.4.9", "title": "Build, use, and monitor a budget with fixed and variable expenses", "description": "Build, use, and monitor a budget with fixed and variable expenses.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Spending and Budgeting" }, { "code": "1451.4.10", "title": "Adjust a budget for unexpected expenses or emergencies", "description": "Adjust a budget for unexpected expenses or emergencies.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Spending and Budgeting" }, { "code": "1451.4.11", "title": "Research charitable organizations and explain benefits of philanthropy", "description": "Research charitable organizations and explain benefits of philanthropy.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Spending and Budgeting" } ] }, { "name": "Credit", "summary": "Fourteen expectations address scores, reports, federal law, cards, loans, default, debt plans, and bankruptcy.", "standards": [ { "code": "1451.5.1", "title": "Explain how credit scores affect borrowing cost and access", "description": "Explain how credit scores affect borrowing cost and access.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Credit" }, { "code": "1451.5.2", "title": "Explain the Fair Credit Reporting Act and organizations that maintain…", "description": "Explain the Fair Credit Reporting Act and organizations that maintain and provide credit reports.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Credit" }, { "code": "1451.5.3", "title": "Explain how grace periods, interest methods, payments, and fees affect…", "description": "Explain how grace periods, interest methods, payments, and fees affect credit-card borrowing.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Credit" }, { "code": "1451.5.4", "title": "Give examples of secured and unsecured loans", "description": "Give examples of secured and unsecured loans.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Credit" }, { "code": "1451.5.5", "title": "Differentiate adjustable-rate and fixed-rate loans, including mortgages…", "description": "Differentiate adjustable-rate and fixed-rate loans, including mortgages and balloon payments.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Credit" }, { "code": "1451.5.6", "title": "Analyze down-payment scenarios, their effects on loans, and repayment…", "description": "Analyze down-payment scenarios, their effects on loans, and repayment incentives.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Credit" }, { "code": "1451.5.7", "title": "Calculate auto-loan cost using offers, down payment, APR, and term", "description": "Calculate auto-loan cost using offers, down payment, APR, and term.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Credit" }, { "code": "1451.5.8", "title": "Describe financial and life effects of failing to repay a loan", "description": "Describe financial and life effects of failing to repay a loan.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Credit" }, { "code": "1451.5.9", "title": "Explain report components, retention periods, authorized users, and…", "description": "Explain report components, retention periods, authorized users, and effects of a credit score.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Credit" }, { "code": "1451.5.10", "title": "Compare default on secured loans with failure to pay a credit-card account", "description": "Compare default on secured loans with failure to pay a credit-card account.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Credit" }, { "code": "1451.5.11", "title": "Review a credit report and follow steps to find and dispute errors", "description": "Review a credit report and follow steps to find and dispute errors.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Credit" }, { "code": "1451.5.12", "title": "Create a plan for a person struggling to repay debt or improve a credit…", "description": "Create a plan for a person struggling to repay debt or improve a credit score.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Credit" }, { "code": "1451.5.13", "title": "Describe the purpose of bankruptcy laws", "description": "Describe the purpose of bankruptcy laws.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Credit" }, { "code": "1451.5.14", "title": "Investigate bankruptcy effects on assets, employment, and future credit…", "description": "Investigate bankruptcy effects on assets, employment, and future credit access.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Credit" } ] }, { "name": "Saving, Investing, and Risks", "summary": "Twenty-six expectations span savings products and behavior, investment return, retirement, insurance, privacy, identity theft, and fraud.", "standards": [ { "code": "1451.6.1", "title": "Describe differences between saving and investing", "description": "Describe differences between saving and investing.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Savings, Investing, and Risks" }, { "code": "1451.6.2", "title": "Compare savings accounts, money-market accounts, and certificates of deposit", "description": "Compare savings accounts, money-market accounts, and certificates of deposit.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Savings, Investing, and Risks" }, { "code": "1451.6.3", "title": "Choose a savings account by comparing interest rates and fees among…", "description": "Choose a savings account by comparing interest rates and fees among institutions.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Savings, Investing, and Risks" }, { "code": "1451.6.4", "title": "Explain how paying yourself first supports savings goals", "description": "Explain how paying yourself first supports savings goals.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Savings, Investing, and Risks" }, { "code": "1451.6.5", "title": "Recognize inflation's effect on savings", "description": "Recognize inflation's effect on savings.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Savings, Investing, and Risks" }, { "code": "1451.6.6", "title": "Explain the importance of an emergency fund", "description": "Explain the importance of an emergency fund.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Savings, Investing, and Risks" }, { "code": "1451.6.7", "title": "Explain how peers, family, and social media influence savings decisions", "description": "Explain how peers, family, and social media influence savings decisions.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Savings, Investing, and Risks" }, { "code": "1451.6.8", "title": "Identify strategies for managing psychological and emotional barriers to…", "description": "Identify strategies for managing psychological and emotional barriers to saving.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Savings, Investing, and Risks" }, { "code": "1451.6.9", "title": "Find a current CD rate and calculate its expected real return after…", "description": "Find a current CD rate and calculate its expected real return after inflation.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Savings, Investing, and Risks" }, { "code": "1451.6.10", "title": "Explain why longer-maturity bonds generally earn more than short-term bonds", "description": "Explain why longer-maturity bonds generally earn more than short-term bonds.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Savings, Investing, and Risks" }, { "code": "1451.6.11", "title": "Investigate long-run returns for small-company stocks, large-company…", "description": "Investigate long-run returns for small-company stocks, large-company stocks, corporate bonds, and Treasury bonds.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Savings, Investing, and Risks" }, { "code": "1451.6.12", "title": "Explain differences in expected return between value and growth stocks…", "description": "Explain differences in expected return between value and growth stocks or funds.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Savings, Investing, and Risks" }, { "code": "1451.6.13", "title": "Describe inflation's effect on prices over time", "description": "Describe inflation's effect on prices over time.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Savings, Investing, and Risks" }, { "code": "1451.6.14", "title": "Predict how new company or product information may affect a stock price", "description": "Predict how new company or product information may affect a stock price.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Savings, Investing, and Risks" }, { "code": "1451.6.15", "title": "Compare a diversified mutual fund with a small set of individual stocks", "description": "Compare a diversified mutual fund with a small set of individual stocks.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Savings, Investing, and Risks" }, { "code": "1451.6.16", "title": "Explain how target-date retirement funds reallocate investments over time", "description": "Explain how target-date retirement funds reallocate investments over time.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Savings, Investing, and Risks" }, { "code": "1451.6.17", "title": "Compare tax rates on interest income with short- and long-term capital gains", "description": "Compare tax rates on interest income with short- and long-term capital gains.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Savings, Investing, and Risks" }, { "code": "1451.6.18", "title": "Compare tax-deferred retirement accounts with taxable accounts", "description": "Compare tax-deferred retirement accounts with taxable accounts.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Savings, Investing, and Risks" }, { "code": "1451.6.19", "title": "Investigate contribution limits and tax advantages of traditional and…", "description": "Investigate contribution limits and tax advantages of traditional and Roth IRAs.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Savings, Investing, and Risks" }, { "code": "1451.6.20", "title": "Analyze when young adults need life, health, and disability insurance", "description": "Analyze when young adults need life, health, and disability insurance.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Savings, Investing, and Risks" }, { "code": "1451.6.21", "title": "Differentiate homeowner's, auto, accident, disability, life, and other…", "description": "Differentiate homeowner's, auto, accident, disability, life, and other insurance types.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Savings, Investing, and Risks" }, { "code": "1451.6.22", "title": "Explain factors affecting premiums, deductibles, and out-of-pocket costs", "description": "Explain factors affecting premiums, deductibles, and out-of-pocket costs.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Savings, Investing, and Risks" }, { "code": "1451.6.23", "title": "Research funding and coverage of state, federal, and government…", "description": "Research funding and coverage of state, federal, and government insurance programs.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Savings, Investing, and Risks" }, { "code": "1451.6.24", "title": "Determine when to disclose or protect Social Security, account, and…", "description": "Determine when to disclose or protect Social Security, account, and other sensitive numbers.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Savings, Investing, and Risks" }, { "code": "1451.6.25", "title": "Explain how online behavior, messages, calls, and scams create privacy,…", "description": "Explain how online behavior, messages, calls, and scams create privacy, identity-theft, and fraud risks.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Savings, Investing, and Risks" }, { "code": "1451.6.26", "title": "Recommend strategies to reduce identity-theft and financial-fraud risk", "description": "Recommend strategies to reduce identity-theft and financial-fraud risk.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Savings, Investing, and Risks" } ] }, { "name": "Taxes", "summary": "Five expectations address public revenue, levels of government, pay-stub deductions, reporting forms, and Form 1040.", "standards": [ { "code": "1451.7.1", "title": "Explain how income taxes are collected and fund public expenses", "description": "Explain how income taxes are collected and fund public expenses.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Taxes" }, { "code": "1451.7.2", "title": "Identify which governments receive income, payroll, property, and sales…", "description": "Identify which governments receive income, payroll, property, and sales taxes.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Taxes" }, { "code": "1451.7.3", "title": "Read tax deductions on a pay stub and identify taxable income", "description": "Read tax deductions on a pay stub and identify taxable income.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Taxes" }, { "code": "1451.7.4", "title": "Analyze how different IRS forms affect tax reporting", "description": "Analyze how different IRS forms affect tax reporting.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Taxes" }, { "code": "1451.7.5", "title": "Complete IRS Form 1040", "description": "Complete IRS Form 1040.", "gradeOrCourse": "Personal Finance 1451", "sourceId": "wv-criteria", "sourcePage": "Specific criteria: Taxes" } ] } ], "policyTimeline": [ { "date": "2023-03-03", "event": "HB 3113 passed, specifying half a credit for the cohort entering grade 9 in 2024-25; its enrolled text provides an effective date 90 days after passage.", "sourceId": "wv-hb3113" }, { "date": "2024-05-08", "event": "The Board rescinded its April Policy 2510 approval and adopted the corrected rule with one prescribed Personal Finance 1451 credit; the filed comments explain the stakeholder recommendation.", "sourceId": "wv-adoption" }, { "date": "2024-07-01", "event": "The adopted Policy 2510 became effective; this is the requirement-effective date reported above for the formal policy, not the date of the original statute.", "sourceId": "wv-rule-register" }, { "date": "2024-25", "event": "The first covered grade-nine cohort entered high school; counties could implement the requirement earlier.", "sourceId": "wv-policy" }, { "date": "2025-06-24", "event": "Senate Bill 283 took effect, expanding eligible completion to grades 8-12 and applying the expansion retroactively while retaining the statutory half-credit amount.", "sourceId": "wv-sb283" }, { "date": "2025-07-09", "event": "The Board approved a statewide Policy 2510 waiver for grades 8-12 and retroactive 2024-25 personal finance credit; it did not revise the prescribed credit amount.", "sourceId": "wv-waiver" }, { "date": "2025-09", "event": "WVDE's current implementation guide continued to describe one full prescribed credit, leaving the formal policy and statute unreconciled.", "sourceId": "wv-guidance" }, { "date": "2025", "event": "WVDE published 85 instructional-resource criteria for Personal Finance course 1451; the criteria are not represented here as a separate standards-adoption action.", "sourceId": "wv-criteria" } ], "lawsAndRules": [ { "identifier": "W. Va. Code §18-2-7c", "title": "Program in personal finance", "summary": "Requires covered students to complete personal finance before graduation, states one-half credit, permits integration, and allows completion in grades 8-12.", "officialUrl": "https://code.wvlegislature.gov/18-2-7C/", "effectiveDate": "2025-06-24", "sourceId": "wv-statute" }, { "identifier": "WVBE Policy 2510 § 6.1.b", "title": "Assuring the Quality of Education: Regulations for Education Programs", "summary": "The formal Board policy identifies Personal Finance 1451 as one prescribed credit for the 2024-25 freshman cohort, which conflicts with the codified half-credit text.", "officialUrl": "https://wveis.k12.wv.us/wvboe/policies/policy.php?p=2510", "effectiveDate": "2024-07-01", "sourceId": "wv-policy" }, { "identifier": "W. Va. Code §§18-2-5 and 18-2-6", "title": "Board rulemaking and diploma-standard authority", "summary": "The Board sets minimum diploma standards and implements education law, subject to the Constitution and laws. This general authority does not expressly explain the relationship between §18-2-7c's half-credit text and Policy 2510's one-credit choice.", "officialUrl": "https://code.wvlegislature.gov/18-2-6/", "effectiveDate": null, "sourceId": "wv-authority6" }, { "identifier": "WVBE statewide Policy 2510 waiver, July 9, 2025", "title": "Expanded personal finance completion grades", "summary": "Formally permits grades 8-12 and retroactive qualifying credit from 2024-25; resolves the timing discrepancy without revising the prescribed credit amount.", "officialUrl": "https://wvde.us/sites/default/files/2025-08/Attachment%20B%2008.13.25.pdf", "effectiveDate": null, "sourceId": "wv-waiver" } ], "educatorNotes": [ { "text": "Policy 2510 currently prescribes one credit in course 1451; this review does not authorize districts to award only half a credit. Verification needs a statute-specific legal interpretation, revised controlling text, or formal reconciliation explaining both the higher-credit authority and treatment of integrated or qualifying earlier completion.", "sourceIds": [ "wv-statute", "wv-policy", "wv-authority5", "wv-authority6", "wv-comments" ] }, { "text": "Students may complete personal finance in grades 8-12. Apply the later statute and the formally approved July 2025 statewide waiver, including qualifying retroactive credit, rather than relying on the older junior/senior wording alone.", "sourceIds": [ "wv-statute", "wv-sb283", "wv-waiver", "wv-guidance" ] }, { "text": "Use the complete 85-expectation course 1451 criteria when reviewing instructional materials, but do not describe the spreadsheet as a separately adopted standards document without further Board evidence.", "sourceIds": [ "wv-criteria", "wv-criteria-page" ] } ], "sources": [ { "id": "wv-constitution", "title": "Constitution of West Virginia", "authority": "West Virginia Legislature", "url": "https://home.wvlegislature.gov/constitution-of-west-virginia/", "sourceType": "other", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Article XII, Section 2", "supports": [ "Board constitutional supervision", "authority hierarchy" ], "excerpt": "The general supervision of the free schools of the State shall be vested in the West Virginia board of education" }, { "id": "wv-authority5", "title": "West Virginia Code §18-2-5: Board powers and duties", "authority": "West Virginia Legislature", "url": "https://code.wvlegislature.gov/18-2-5/", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Subsections (a)-(c)", "supports": [ "rulemaking authority", "conformity with Constitution and laws", "bounded alternative-program authority" ], "excerpt": "Subject to and in conformity with the Constitution and laws of this state" }, { "id": "wv-authority6", "title": "West Virginia Code §18-2-6: Standards for degrees and diplomas", "authority": "West Virginia Legislature", "url": "https://code.wvlegislature.gov/18-2-6/", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Subsections (a)-(b)", "supports": [ "Board minimum diploma standards", "prohibition on awards below Board standards" ], "excerpt": "shall determine the minimum standards for granting diplomas, advanced certifications, and certificates of proficiency" }, { "id": "wv-hb3113", "title": "Enrolled Committee Substitute for House Bill 3113 (2023)", "authority": "West Virginia Legislature", "url": "https://www.wvlegislature.gov/bill_status/bills_text.cfm?billdoc=hb3113%20sub%20enr.htm&yr=2023&sesstype=RS&i=3113", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Enrolled header and §18-2-7c(b)-(d); passed March 3, 2023", "supports": [ "original half-credit law", "original junior/senior timing", "2024-25 entering cohort", "express implementation delegation", "90-day effective-date provision" ], "excerpt": "each high school student shall complete one-half credit course of study in personal finance during their 11th or 12th grade year" }, { "id": "wv-rule-register", "title": "Secretary of State active rule record: 126-42, Policy 2510", "authority": "West Virginia Secretary of State", "url": "https://apps.sos.wv.gov/adlaw/csr/ruleview.aspx?document=18016", "sourceType": "regulation", "publicationDate": "2024-05-08", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Active rule; final filing May 8, 2024; effective July 1, 2024; comments attachment", "supports": [ "formal rule status", "filing and effective dates", "current registered version", "official response log" ], "excerpt": "Assuring the Quality of Education: Regulations for Education Programs" }, { "id": "wv-comments", "title": "Policy 2510 filed public comments and Department responses", "authority": "West Virginia Department of Education / Secretary of State", "url": "https://apps.sos.wv.gov/adlaw/csr/readfile.aspx?DocId=57198&Format=PDF", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2024-05-08", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Comment 1 and response, PDF pages 1-2; related comments refer back to response 1", "supports": [ "deliberate full-credit choice", "stakeholder and teacher-credential rationale", "express acknowledgment of half-credit statute", "no statute-specific minimum-versus-sufficiency analysis" ], "excerpt": "The recommendation from stakeholders was to make the course a full credit course" }, { "id": "wv-adoption", "title": "West Virginia Board of Education minutes, May 8, 2024", "authority": "West Virginia Board of Education", "url": "https://wvde.us/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/wvbeminutes5-8-24.pdf", "sourceType": "board_action", "publicationDate": "2024-06-12", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "PDF page 3, Policy 2510 action; minutes approved June 12, 2024", "supports": [ "May 8 operative adoption", "rescission of April approval", "omitted comment-response changes", "July 1 effective date" ], "excerpt": "rescind its approval of Policy 2510 as presented in April" }, { "id": "wv-sb283", "title": "Signed Enrolled Committee Substitute for Senate Bill 283 (2025)", "authority": "West Virginia Legislature", "url": "https://code.wvlegislature.gov/signed_bills/2025/2025-RS-SB283-SUB1%20ENR_signed.pdf", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Passed March 26, 2025; effective June 24, 2025; §18-2-7c on PDF page 5", "supports": [ "grades 8-12 amendment", "retained half-credit amount", "qualifying retroactive completion", "statutory sufficiency language" ], "excerpt": "satisfies the personal finance course of study requirement of this subsection" }, { "id": "wv-waiver", "title": "West Virginia Board of Education July 2025 minutes", "authority": "West Virginia Board of Education", "url": "https://wvde.us/sites/default/files/2025-08/Attachment%20B%2008.13.25.pdf", "sourceType": "board_action", "publicationDate": "2025-08-13", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "July 9 meeting, Consent Agenda; PDF pages 3-4 (meeting pages 1-2); minutes approved August 13", "supports": [ "formal statewide Policy 2510 waiver", "grades 8-12", "retroactive 2024-25 credit", "timing conflict resolved" ], "excerpt": "Approved a statewide waiver of Policy 2510" }, { "id": "wv-statute", "title": "West Virginia Code §18-2-7c: Program in personal finance", "authority": "West Virginia Legislature", "url": "https://code.wvlegislature.gov/18-2-7C/", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": "2025-06-24", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Subsections (b)-(d)", "supports": [ "graduation requirement", "half-credit text", "2024-25 cohort", "grades 8-12", "integrated option" ], "excerpt": "Each high school student shall complete one-half credit course of study in personal finance during their 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th, or 12th grade year." }, { "id": "wv-policy", "title": "WVBE Policy 2510: Assuring the Quality of Education", "authority": "West Virginia State Board of Education", "url": "https://wveis.k12.wv.us/wvboe/policies/policy.php?p=2510", "sourceType": "regulation", "publicationDate": "2024-05-08", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Section 6.1.b, Personal Finance; PDF page 14 (printed page 13); effective July 1, 2024", "supports": [ "one prescribed credit", "course 1451", "2024-25 freshman cohort", "formal board policy", "older timing subject to July 2025 waiver" ], "excerpt": "1 Prescribed Credit Personal Finance (1451)." }, { "id": "wv-guidance", "title": "Policy 2510 Foundations for High-Quality Developmentally Appropriate High School Programming", "authority": "West Virginia Department of Education", "url": "https://wvde.us/sites/default/files/2025-09/WVDE%20HS%20Policy%202510%20Best%20Practices%20-September%202025.pdf", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2025-09", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "PDF pages 3 and 22, Personal Finance", "supports": [ "one-credit implementation guidance", "course 1451", "2024-25 freshman cohort", "grades 8-12", "credentialing" ], "excerpt": "Graduation requirements increase to 23 credits, including 1 full credit in Personal Finance, (Course Code 1451)." }, { "id": "wv-green-book", "title": "2025 Green Book: Summary of Public Education Bills Enacted during the 2025 Regular Session", "authority": "West Virginia Department of Education", "url": "https://wvde.us/sites/default/files/2025-06/2025%20Green%20Book%20Final%20Version.pdf", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2025-06", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "PDF pages 34-35, Senate Bill 283", "supports": [ "enactment", "June 24 effective date", "grade expansion", "retroactivity", "statutory text" ], "excerpt": "This Act expands the grade levels that students may take the personal finance course required for high school graduation to include students in 8th, 9th, and 10th grades." }, { "id": "wv-criteria", "title": "Personal Finance Criteria 2025", "authority": "West Virginia Department of Education", "url": "https://wvde.us/media/8432/personal-finance-criteriaxlsx", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2025", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Specific Evaluation Criteria, Personal Finance course 1451", "supports": [ "complete 85-expectation instructional-resource criteria", "course scope", "materials-review context" ], "excerpt": "This course is designed to develop student understanding and skills in such areas as money management, budgeting, financial goal attainment, credit, insurance, investments, and consumer rights and responsibilities." }, { "id": "wv-criteria-page", "title": "Instructional Resources Criteria", "authority": "West Virginia Department of Education", "url": "https://wvde.us/academics/middle-secondary-education/adopting-instructional-resources/instructional-resources-criteria", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2026-05-07", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Personal Finance Criteria, high school course 1451", "supports": [ "current course code", "official criteria file", "instructional-materials review context" ], "excerpt": "High School | 1451 | Personal Finance | Personal Finance Criteria 2025." } ], "faq": [ { "question": "Does West Virginia require personal finance to graduate?", "answer": "Yes. Students entering grade 9 in 2024-25 or later must complete personal finance before graduation.", "sourceIds": [ "wv-statute", "wv-policy" ] }, { "question": "How much personal finance credit does West Virginia require?", "answer": "Current Policy 2510 prescribes one credit in Personal Finance 1451, while the statute specifies one-half credit. The Board's filed responses show the higher amount was deliberate. Its general diploma-setting powers do not expressly reconcile the specific statutory sufficiency language, so this record remains under review and does not claim that half a credit alone satisfies current Board policy.", "sourceIds": [ "wv-statute", "wv-policy", "wv-comments", "wv-authority6" ] }, { "question": "Does West Virginia require a stand-alone personal finance course?", "answer": "The statutory-policy relationship remains unresolved. The statute permits an integrated program, while the formal policy prescribes course 1451 in its ordinary graduation table. Neither a universal stand-alone classification nor an integrated-credit alternative satisfying both authorities is asserted here.", "sourceIds": [ "wv-statute", "wv-policy" ] }, { "question": "When can West Virginia students complete personal finance?", "answer": "Current law permits grades 8-12. A statewide Policy 2510 waiver approved July 9, 2025, implements that expansion and qualifying retroactive 2024-25 credit. The older junior/senior wording is therefore not controlling statewide timing.", "sourceIds": [ "wv-statute", "wv-sb283", "wv-waiver", "wv-guidance" ] }, { "question": "What do West Virginia's personal finance criteria cover?", "answer": "Course 1451's instructional-resource criteria contain 85 expectations covering careers, income, banking, spending and budgeting, credit, saving, investing, insurance, identity protection, and taxes.", "sourceIds": [ "wv-criteria", "wv-criteria-page" ] } ], "relatedStates": [] }, { "name": "Wisconsin", "abbreviation": "WI", "slug": "wisconsin", "jurisdictionType": "state", "lastReviewed": "2026-09-20", "researchStatus": "verified", "indexable": true, "seo": { "title": "Wisconsin Personal Finance Standards & Requirements", "description": "Wisconsin requires 0.5 personal finance credit starting with the Class of 2028. Review the 2026 course alternatives, credit limits, and official standards.", "socialImage": "/icon-512.png" }, "summary": "Wisconsin requires at least one-half credit of personal financial literacy for public-school students graduating in 2028 and later, subject to statutory school and diploma-pathway exceptions. It is not a universal stand-alone-course mandate: a 2026 law expressly allows AP Business with Personal Finance and qualifying financial-institution programs offered through a branch located in a school. Ordinary personal finance coursework must earn its own subject credit; DPI does not permit simply embedding the content in another course or counting the same half-credit as mathematics or social studies. Districts also must provide financial literacy instruction in grades K-12.", "summarySourceIds": [ "wi-statute", "wi-act60", "wi-act223", "wi-faq", "wi-act94" ], "requirement": { "overallStatuses": [ "graduation_requirement", "integrated_requirement", "pending_or_phased" ], "standaloneCourseRequired": false, "graduationRequirement": true, "creditRequirement": "At least 0.5 credit of personal financial literacy", "gradeLevels": [ "Grades K-12 instruction", "High school graduation credit; qualifying grades 7-8 credit under § 118.33(1)(em)" ], "effectiveDate": "2023-12-08", "effectiveSchoolYear": null, "firstGraduatingClass": "2028", "assessmentRequired": null, "responsibleAgency": "Wisconsin Department of Public Instruction", "deliveryNotes": "A separate personal financial literacy credit is the ordinary structure, not unrestricted integration or double-counting. Current § 118.33(1)(a)1.f expressly requires boards to award 0.5 credit for successful high-school AP Business with Personal Finance or a qualifying financial-institution program through a branch located in a school, with board approval of the latter program's compliance. All six statutory subjects remain required. DPI describes course alignment, assessment, mastery work, and documentation for the AP option. General statutory proficiency, equivalent-program, and conditional grades 7-8 credit provisions also apply; independent charter and private-choice diploma rules differ.", "sourceIds": [ "wi-statute", "wi-act60", "wi-act223", "wi-pi18", "wi-faq", "wi-act94" ] }, "standardsDocument": { "title": "Wisconsin Standards for Personal Financial Literacy", "adoptingAuthority": "Wisconsin State Superintendent of Public Instruction", "adoptionDate": "2020-05-27", "effectiveDate": null, "officialUrl": "https://dpi.wi.gov/sites/default/files/imce/standards/New%20pdfs/PersonalFinancialLiteracyStandards2020.pdf", "sourceId": "wi-standards" }, "narrative": [ { "text": "Act 60 established the half-credit requirement, effective December 8, 2023, first applying to pupils graduating in 2028. The later 2025 Wisconsin Act 223 was enacted April 8, 2026, and took effect April 10, 2026. It added two express credit routes without changing that first graduating class: AP Business with Personal Finance and qualifying financial-institution programs through school branches.", "sourceIds": [ "wi-act60", "wi-act223", "wi-statute" ] }, { "text": "The half-credit must include financial mindset, education and employment, money management, saving and investing, credit and debt, and risk management and insurance. Administrative rule PI 18.03(7), effective June 1, 2025, implements these content requirements. PI 18 defines credit through instructional time or its board-determined equivalent and provides for approved equivalent graduation policies. No particular statewide personal finance examination or course title is established by these provisions.", "sourceIds": [ "wi-statute", "wi-pi18" ] }, { "text": "DPI's FAQ requires ordinary coursework to produce personal financial literacy credit, not the same half-credit counted again as math or social studies. Its general stand-alone wording must be read with the later statute and the FAQ's express AP Business with Personal Finance option. That combined course is permitted; unrestricted embedding in any course is not. DPI requires the AP option to cover all six areas, assess and grade the financial literacy content, include mastery work, and be supported by district alignment and assessment documentation. The sources establish a subject-credit award, not a universal transcript course title or a right to double-count it toward another required subject.", "sourceIds": [ "wi-statute", "wi-act223", "wi-faq" ] }, { "text": "District-authorized charter schools are covered; independent charter schools under § 118.40(2r) or (2x) and private-choice schools have separate diploma provisions under § 118.33(1)(f), so the ordinary district credit mandate should not be generalized to all private schools. Section 118.33 also permits equivalent alternative-program diplomas, board-authorized proficiency or portfolio credit, and grades 7-8 credit when its readiness, teacher-licensing, and high-school-equivalence conditions are met. A technical-education diploma still requires the subjects in subsection (1)(a). Disability status is not a categorical exemption from ordinary diploma credits; applicable accommodations and individual program provisions must be considered.", "sourceIds": [ "wi-statute", "wi-pi18", "wi-faq" ] }, { "text": "Wisconsin also has a broader K-12 instruction rule. Act 94, enacted in 2017, requires each public school district to adopt academic standards for financial literacy and incorporate financial literacy instruction into the curriculum in kindergarten through grade 12. That instruction rule is distinct from the new high school graduation credit.", "sourceIds": [ "wi-act94", "wi-standards" ] }, { "text": "The State Superintendent adopted the current Wisconsin Standards for Personal Financial Literacy on May 27, 2020. They provide grade-band indicators across six strands. Wisconsin state standards are a model for local adoption, while locally elected school boards select the academic standards and curriculum used in their communities.", "sourceIds": [ "wi-standards" ] }, { "text": "The 2026 statute resolves the previous delivery-classification gap. This page's integrated-delivery classification refers to the specific lawful alternatives, not generic content embedding. The 2020 standards PDF still contains repeated or inconsistent printed high-school indicator labels; the list below preserves the distinct expectations and identifies the affected labels rather than silently treating the typography as authoritative.", "sourceIds": [ "wi-act223", "wi-faq", "wi-standards" ] } ], "domains": [ { "name": "Financial mindset", "summary": "High-school indicators cover intentional decisions, financial psychology, consumer judgment, opportunity cost, goals, philanthropy, and digital financial awareness.", "standards": [ { "code": "PFL.FM1.a.h", "title": "Critical consumer", "description": "Apply consumer rights and protections, multiple information sources, and analysis of advertising techniques and possible deception to purchasing decisions.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 18" }, { "code": "PFL.FM1.b.h", "title": "Functions and structure of money", "description": "Evaluate the functions and value of U.S. money and explain foreign exchange, currency values, purchasing power, and global prices.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 19" }, { "code": "PFL.FM1.c.h", "title": "Opportunity costs", "description": "Perform a cost-benefit analysis on a real-world situation.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 19" }, { "code": "PFL.FM2.a.h", "title": "Values and behavior", "description": "Assess how individual values and behaviors influence financial decisions and goals.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 20" }, { "code": "PFL.FM2.b.h", "title": "Emotional influences", "description": "Evaluate strategies for managing emotions that affect financial decisions.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 20" }, { "code": "PFL.FM2.c.h", "title": "External influences", "description": "Critique a financial plan and identify decisions shaped by external sources.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 20" }, { "code": "PFL.FM2.d.h", "title": "Financial goals", "description": "Connect goal-development strategies in an investment plan to age, values, income, liabilities, assets, family size, risk tolerance, and net worth.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 20" }, { "code": "PFL.FM2.e.h", "title": "Civic engagement and philanthropy", "description": "Describe how philanthropic opportunities can be incorporated into personal financial goals.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 21" }, { "code": "PFL.FM3.a.h", "title": "Online and account security", "description": "Manage and protect passwords and respond to viruses, phishing, identity theft, scams, telemarketing, and vulnerabilities in online transactions.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 22" }, { "code": "PFL.FM3.b.h", "title": "Digital footprint", "description": "Assess the financial benefits and harms of online actions and develop strategies to improve a financial digital footprint.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 22" }, { "code": "PFL.FM3.c.h", "title": "Digital resources", "description": "Appraise user agreements for financial websites and applications and evaluate the benefits and costs of exclusively online banking.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 23" } ] }, { "name": "Education and employment", "summary": "High-school indicators connect career planning, taxes, compensation, postsecondary choices, and labor-market trends to personal finance.", "standards": [ { "code": "PFL.EE1.a.h (career development)", "title": "Career development", "description": "Prioritize occupations using assessments, create a career plan, and connect goals with skills, current activities, earnings, and postsecondary plans.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 24" }, { "code": "PFL.EE1.a.h (deductions and taxes)", "title": "Deductions and taxes", "description": "Evaluate paychecks, payroll deductions, state and federal tax liability, tax structures, public benefits, and income-tax filing requirements.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 24" }, { "code": "PFL.EE1.b.h", "title": "Types of compensation", "description": "Assess how workers in different industries and sectors receive wages, salaries, fringe benefits, and pension compensation.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 24" }, { "code": "PFL.EE2.a.h", "title": "Postsecondary education, skills, and training", "description": "Compare employment rates and evaluate the return on investment of education, training, and career preparation in a changing labor market.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 25" }, { "code": "PFL.EE2.b.h", "title": "Emerging employment and education trends", "description": "Identify future high-demand work connected to emerging technologies and assess how employment trends affect career paths.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 25" } ] }, { "name": "Money management", "summary": "High-school indicators address budgeting, financial plans and advice, institutions, payment systems, records, and digital currency.", "standards": [ { "code": "PFL.MM1.a.h", "title": "Budgeting", "description": "Prepare a budget or spending plan with varying income, planned saving, taxes, and fixed and variable expenses.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 26" }, { "code": "PFL.MM1.b.h", "title": "Financial management", "description": "Compare income, saving, and investment vehicles; develop and critique financial plans; and evaluate when and how to seek professional financial advice.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 26" }, { "code": "PFL.MM2.a.h", "title": "Financial institutions and service providers", "description": "Compare financial providers and analyze why financial services are regulated and what federal and Wisconsin regulators do.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 27" }, { "code": "PFL.MM2.b.h", "title": "Payment types", "description": "Assess digital banking and explain tax and legal reasons to retain records of major financial transactions.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 28" }, { "code": "PFL.MM2.c.h", "title": "Alternative financial currency", "description": "Compare online and mobile systems or applications used as alternative currency or payment mechanisms.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 28" } ] }, { "name": "Saving and investing", "summary": "High-school indicators cover accounts, goals, compound growth, investment products, planning, regulation, risk, and professional duties.", "standards": [ { "code": "PFL.SI1.a.h", "title": "Saving principles", "description": "Manage and reconcile savings accounts, evaluate opportunity costs including inflation and taxes, and compare pay-yourself-first with paycheck-to-paycheck outcomes.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 29" }, { "code": "PFL.SI1.b.h", "title": "Savings types and features", "description": "Compare savings accounts, money-market accounts, and certificates of deposit and explain electronic funds transfers.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 29" }, { "code": "PFL.SI1.c.h", "title": "Saving goal planning", "description": "Select products and services that best support specific short- and long-term saving goals.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 30" }, { "code": "PFL.SI1.d.h", "title": "Saving risk and reward", "description": "Compare opportunity costs and rewards among basic saving options and evaluate compound interest.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 30" }, { "code": "PFL.SI1.e.h", "title": "Government's role in saving", "description": "Explain how the FDIC, NCUA, and other government agencies protect deposits.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 30" }, { "code": "PFL.SI2.a.h", "title": "Investing principles", "description": "Connect revenue-generating assets, compound growth, time value of money, and digital investment reliability to net worth.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 31" }, { "code": "PFL.SI2.b.h", "title": "Investment types and features", "description": "Compare short- and long-term investments, asset allocation, fees, returns, and retirement accounts including IRAs and employer plans.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 31" }, { "code": "PFL.SI2.c.h", "title": "Investment goal planning", "description": "Create investment criteria and a plan based on net worth, paying yourself first, age, income, liabilities, goals, family size, and risk tolerance.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 32" }, { "code": "PFL.SI2.d.h", "title": "Investment risks and rewards", "description": "Compare risk, return, and liquidity; identify inflation, deflation, and recession risks; and assess long-term stock-market principles including diversification and dollar-cost averaging.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 33" }, { "code": "PFL.SI2.e.h", "title": "Government's role in investing", "description": "Use regulator information, compare taxable and tax-advantaged investments, and assess financial professionals' fiduciary duties and due diligence.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 33" } ] }, { "name": "Credit and debt", "summary": "High-school indicators address borrowing benefits and costs, payment, debt resolution, loan products, alternative lending, reports, scores, and consumer rights.", "standards": [ { "code": "PFL.CD1.a.h", "title": "Benefits of using credit", "description": "Analyze financial and personal benefits of credit and reasons a consumer may use credit instead of cash. The source prints this high-school code as CD1.a.e; this record uses the grade-band sequence.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 34" }, { "code": "PFL.CD1.b.h", "title": "Costs of using credit", "description": "Assess total loan cost using interest rates, origination fees, early repayment, and loan term.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 34" }, { "code": "PFL.CD1.c.h", "title": "Interest and fees", "description": "Evaluate credit-card payment options, compare debt repayment methods, and calculate loan cost at different rates and terms.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 34" }, { "code": "PFL.CD1.d.h", "title": "Debt resolution", "description": "Evaluate counseling and coaching, bankruptcy types and effects, avoidance strategies, nondischargeable debt, common causes of difficulty, and collateral recovery.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 35" }, { "code": "PFL.CD2.a.h", "title": "Credit products and services", "description": "Compare credit and debit, student loans and repayment, fixed and adjustable debt, debt's effect on net worth, and transportation financing.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 36" }, { "code": "PFL.CD2.b.h", "title": "High-cost alternative lending", "description": "Compare the risks and tradeoffs of refund-anticipation, payday, rent-to-own, rapid-access, peer-to-peer, and financial-institution loans.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 36" }, { "code": "PFL.CD2.c.h", "title": "Consumer credit rights and responsibilities", "description": "Apply federal debt-collection and credit-reporting rights, identify permissible report uses and reporting organizations, and analyze credit-score factors.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 37" } ] }, { "name": "Risk management and insurance", "summary": "High-school indicators examine perceptions and consequences of risk, insurance purposes and products, costs, contracts, and coverage planning.", "standards": [ { "code": "PFL.RMI1.a.h", "title": "Risk", "description": "Examine how perceptions of risk vary and compare the financial cost of retaining a risk with transferring or outsourcing it.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 38" }, { "code": "PFL.RMI1.b.h", "title": "Consequences of financial risk", "description": "Evaluate financial decisions that can prevent consumers from obtaining necessary goods and services with cash or credit.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 38" }, { "code": "PFL.RMI2.a.h", "title": "Purpose of insurance", "description": "Evaluate why laws require some forms of insurance.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 39" }, { "code": "PFL.RMI2.b.h", "title": "Types of insurance", "description": "Compare insurance types and levels of protection offered personally, through employers, and by government, including legally mandated coverage.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 39" }, { "code": "PFL.RMI2.c.h", "title": "Cost factors of insurance", "description": "Analyze coverage needs, compare policies, rates, premiums, and deductibles, and determine when young adults need life, auto, health, and disability insurance.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 39" }, { "code": "PFL.RMI2.d.h", "title": "Meaning of insurance contracts", "description": "Determine when insurance contracts are used and interpret their components, common terms, rights, and responsibilities.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 40" }, { "code": "PFL.RMI2.e.h", "title": "Loss-prevention plan", "description": "Justify appropriate coverage levels and evaluate insurance professionals and companies for different needs.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "wi-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 40" } ] } ], "policyTimeline": [ { "date": "2017-11-30", "event": "Act 94 was enacted, requiring district standards and K-12 financial literacy instruction.", "sourceId": "wi-act94" }, { "date": "2020-05-27", "event": "The State Superintendent adopted the current Wisconsin Standards for Personal Financial Literacy.", "sourceId": "wi-standards" }, { "date": "2023-12-06", "event": "Act 60 was enacted.", "sourceId": "wi-act60" }, { "date": "2023-12-08", "event": "Act 60 took effect the day after publication.", "sourceId": "wi-act60" }, { "date": "2025-06-01", "event": "PI 18.03(7) took effect, specifying the six financial literacy content areas in the graduation rule.", "sourceId": "wi-pi18" }, { "date": "2026-04-08", "event": "2025 Act 223 was enacted, adding AP Business with Personal Finance and qualifying school-branch financial-institution programs as credit routes.", "sourceId": "wi-act223" }, { "date": "2026-04-10", "event": "Act 223 took effect the day after its April 9 publication; the Class of 2028 start remained unchanged.", "sourceId": "wi-act223" }, { "date": "2028", "event": "The half-credit graduation requirement first applies to students graduating in 2028.", "sourceId": "wi-act60" } ], "lawsAndRules": [ { "identifier": "Wis. Stat. § 118.33", "title": "Current high school graduation statute", "summary": "Requires the financial literacy half-credit and expressly permits two qualifying program routes; also specifies school scope, equivalent-program diplomas, proficiency credit, and conditional grades 7-8 credit.", "officialUrl": "https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/statutes/statutes/118.pdf", "effectiveDate": null, "sourceId": "wi-statute" }, { "identifier": "2025 Wis. Act 223", "title": "Additional ways to earn the personal financial literacy credit", "summary": "Amends § 118.33(1)(a)1.f to require credit for successful high-school AP Business with Personal Finance or a board-approved qualifying financial-institution program through a branch located in a school.", "officialUrl": "https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/2025/related/acts/223.pdf", "effectiveDate": "2026-04-10", "sourceId": "wi-act223" }, { "identifier": "Wis. Admin. Code PI 18", "title": "High school graduation standards", "summary": "Defines courses, credits, and equivalent graduation policies; PI 18.03(7) adds the six financial literacy subjects effective June 1, 2025.", "officialUrl": "https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/code/admin_code/pi/18.pdf", "effectiveDate": "2025-06-01", "sourceId": "wi-pi18" }, { "identifier": "Wis. Stat. § 118.33(1)(a)1.f / 2023 Wis. Act 60", "title": "Personal financial literacy graduation credit", "summary": "Requires at least one-half credit covering six named personal financial literacy areas, first applicable to students graduating in 2028.", "officialUrl": "https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/2023/related/acts/60.pdf", "effectiveDate": "2023-12-08", "sourceId": "wi-act60" }, { "identifier": "Wis. Stat. § 121.02(1)(L)7 / 2017 Wis. Act 94", "title": "K-12 financial literacy standards and instruction", "summary": "Requires public school districts to adopt academic standards and incorporate financial literacy instruction throughout kindergarten through grade 12.", "officialUrl": "https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/2017/related/acts/94.pdf", "effectiveDate": "2017-12-02", "sourceId": "wi-act94" } ], "educatorNotes": [ { "text": "Ensure the half-credit includes all six areas expressly named in Act 60. The state standards use the same six strands and provide detailed grade-band indicators for local planning.", "sourceIds": [ "wi-act60", "wi-standards" ] }, { "text": "Continue K-12 financial literacy instruction under Act 94; the Class of 2028 graduation credit supplements rather than replaces the district's broader kindergarten-through-grade-12 obligation.", "sourceIds": [ "wi-act94", "wi-act60" ] }, { "text": "Award the required personal financial literacy credit; do not double-count the same half-credit as math or social studies. The statutory AP and school-branch program alternatives do not authorize arbitrary embedding. For the AP route, follow DPI's licensure, six-area alignment, assessment, mastery-work, and documentation guidance.", "sourceIds": [ "wi-statute", "wi-act223", "wi-faq" ] }, { "text": "Use the statute for exceptions and scope. In particular, the FAQ's general high-school timing does not repeal the conditional grades 7-8 credit provision in § 118.33(1)(em). Do not infer an entering school year from the officially stated Class of 2028.", "sourceIds": [ "wi-statute", "wi-act60", "wi-faq" ] } ], "sources": [ { "id": "wi-statute", "title": "Wisconsin Statutes, Chapter 118: General school operations", "authority": "Wisconsin Legislature", "url": "https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/statutes/statutes/118.pdf", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": "2026-09-04", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "§ 118.33, PDF pages 50-53; certified through 2025 Act 247", "supports": [ "current half-credit requirement", "specific alternative programs", "school and diploma scope", "grades 7-8 conditions", "proficiency credit", "superintendent authority" ], "excerpt": "an advanced placement course in business with personal finance" }, { "id": "wi-act223", "title": "2025 Wisconsin Act 223", "authority": "Wisconsin Legislature", "url": "https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/2025/related/acts/223.pdf", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": "2026-04-09", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Section 1 and effective-date footnote; enacted April 8, 2026", "supports": [ "AP Business with Personal Finance alternative", "qualifying school-branch program", "April 10 effective date", "amendment to Act 60 requirement" ], "excerpt": "an advanced placement course in business with personal finance" }, { "id": "wi-pi18", "title": "Wisconsin Administrative Code PI 18: High School Graduation Standards", "authority": "Wisconsin Department of Public Instruction / Wisconsin Legislature", "url": "https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/code/admin_code/pi/18.pdf", "sourceType": "regulation", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "PI 18.02-.05; PI 18.03 history, CR 24-075, Register May 2025 No. 833", "supports": [ "six required content areas", "June 1, 2025 rule effective date", "credit and equivalent-policy definitions", "accommodations and policy approval" ], "excerpt": "Personal financial literacy including the following: Financial mindset. Education and employment. Money management. Saving and investing. Credit and debt. Risk management and insurance." }, { "id": "wi-faq", "title": "Personal Financial Literacy Frequently Asked Questions", "authority": "Wisconsin Department of Public Instruction", "url": "https://dpi.wi.gov/finance/pfl-faq", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Stand-alone credit; AP Business with Personal Finance; General Questions", "supports": [ "ordinary separate subject credit", "no math or social-studies double-counting", "AP route and documentation", "charter and private-choice scope", "disability and dual-credit guidance" ], "excerpt": "Students may satisfy the graduation requirement by successfully completing AP Business with Personal Finance." }, { "id": "wi-act60", "title": "2023 Wisconsin Act 60", "authority": "Wisconsin Legislature", "url": "https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/2023/related/acts/60.pdf", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": "2023-12-07", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Section 1, Wis. Stat. § 118.33(1)(a)1.f; Section 2, initial applicability", "supports": [ "0.5 credit", "six required areas", "Class of 2028", "enactment and publication dates", "effective date", "limits of enacted delivery language" ], "excerpt": "At least 0.5 credit of personal financial literacy that includes financial mindset, education and employment, money management, saving and investing, credit and debt, and risk management and insurance." }, { "id": "wi-act94", "title": "2017 Wisconsin Act 94", "authority": "Wisconsin Legislature", "url": "https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/2017/related/acts/94.pdf", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": "2017-12-01", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Section 1, Wis. Stat. § 121.02(1)(L)7", "supports": [ "district standards adoption", "K-12 instruction requirement", "enactment date" ], "excerpt": "Adopt academic standards for financial literacy and incorporate instruction in financial literacy into the curriculum in grades kindergarten to 12." }, { "id": "wi-standards", "title": "Wisconsin Standards for Personal Financial Literacy", "authority": "Wisconsin Department of Public Instruction", "url": "https://dpi.wi.gov/sites/default/files/imce/standards/New%20pdfs/PersonalFinancialLiteracyStandards2020.pdf", "sourceType": "standards", "publicationDate": "2020-05", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Foreword and PDF pages 18-40, all grade 9-12 performance indicators", "supports": [ "May 27, 2020 adoption", "six strands", "complete high-school indicators", "local standards context", "printed indicator-label inconsistencies" ], "excerpt": "On May 27, 2020, I formally adopted the Wisconsin Standards for Personal Financial Literacy." } ], "faq": [ { "question": "Does Wisconsin require personal finance to graduate?", "answer": "Yes. The ordinary public-school diploma requires at least one-half credit for students graduating in 2028 and later. Independent charter and private-choice schools have different diploma rules, and statutory alternative-credit and diploma provisions also apply.", "sourceIds": [ "wi-act60", "wi-statute", "wi-faq" ] }, { "question": "What must Wisconsin's financial literacy credit cover?", "answer": "It must include financial mindset, education and employment, money management, saving and investing, credit and debt, and risk management and insurance.", "sourceIds": [ "wi-act60" ] }, { "question": "Does Wisconsin require a stand-alone personal finance course?", "answer": "Not universally. Ordinary coursework must earn a separate personal financial literacy credit, but 2025 Act 223 expressly permits AP Business with Personal Finance and qualifying financial-institution programs through school branches. These specific alternatives do not allow unrestricted embedding in other courses.", "sourceIds": [ "wi-statute", "wi-act223", "wi-faq" ] }, { "question": "Can Wisconsin's personal finance half-credit also count as math or social studies?", "answer": "No. DPI says the same half-credit cannot count as both personal financial literacy and mathematics or social studies. The statutory AP option earns personal financial literacy credit; it does not establish a right to double-count that credit toward another required subject.", "sourceIds": [ "wi-statute", "wi-faq" ] }, { "question": "When does Wisconsin's personal finance graduation requirement begin?", "answer": "Act 60 first applies to pupils graduating from high school in 2028.", "sourceIds": [ "wi-act60" ] }, { "question": "Does Wisconsin require financial literacy before high school?", "answer": "Yes. Separate from the graduation credit, Act 94 requires public school districts to adopt financial literacy standards and incorporate instruction in kindergarten through grade 12.", "sourceIds": [ "wi-act94" ] } ], "relatedStates": [] }, { "name": "Wyoming", "abbreviation": "WY", "slug": "wyoming", "jurisdictionType": "state", "lastReviewed": "2026-09-20", "researchStatus": "verified", "indexable": true, "seo": { "title": "Wyoming Personal Finance Standards & Requirements", "description": "Wyoming requires personal financial management within its statewide life-skills framework but no separate course or credit. Review the standards, diploma rules, and official sources.", "socialImage": "/icon-512.png" }, "summary": "Wyoming law requires every school district to provide an educational program that meets the state's common core of skills, including life skills and personal financial management. The requirement may be integrated into other state content standards, and Wyoming does not prescribe a separate personal finance course, a dedicated financial literacy credit, or a first affected graduating class. High-school social studies standards address financial institutions, banking, investment, credit, regulation, and debt within the broader economics strand.", "summarySourceIds": [ "wy-statute", "wy-chapter-10", "wy-standards" ], "requirement": { "overallStatuses": [ "integrated_requirement" ], "standaloneCourseRequired": false, "graduationRequirement": false, "creditRequirement": null, "gradeLevels": [ "K-12 common core of skills", "Grades 9-12 social studies standards" ], "effectiveDate": null, "effectiveSchoolYear": null, "firstGraduatingClass": null, "assessmentRequired": true, "responsibleAgency": "Wyoming Department of Education and Wyoming State Board of Education", "deliveryNotes": "Districts must provide programs sufficient to meet the statewide common core of skills, including personal financial management. Chapter 10 permits those skills to be integrated into content-area standards. Students are taught and assessed through the district system on applicable content and performance standards, including the high-school social studies framework. Wyoming's diploma rules require three school years of social studies, including economic systems and institutions, but do not assign a separate personal finance course or credit.", "sourceIds": [ "wy-statute", "wy-chapter-10", "wy-chapter-31", "wy-standards" ] }, "standardsDocument": { "title": "All Currently-Adopted High School Standards - Wyoming", "adoptingAuthority": "Wyoming State Board of Education", "adoptionDate": "2014 with 2018 additions", "effectiveDate": null, "officialUrl": "https://edu.wyoming.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/2025-High-School-Comprehensive-WYCPS_no-PLDs_public.pdf", "sourceId": "wy-standards" }, "narrative": [ { "text": "Wyoming's personal finance requirement is an integrated statewide skill rather than a named high-school course. Wyoming Statutes section 21-9-101 requires every district to provide an educational program sufficient to meet the common core of skills, which expressly includes life skills and personal financial management.", "sourceIds": [ "wy-statute" ] }, { "text": "The State Board's current Chapter 10 rules, effective July 16, 2025, explain how that requirement operates. Personal financial management is included in the common core of skills, and those skills may be integrated into the uniform content and performance standards. Districts choose local curriculum and delivery while providing students the state-required learning opportunities.", "sourceIds": [ "wy-chapter-10", "wy-standards-page" ] }, { "text": "At the high-school level, Wyoming's current social studies economics strand contains five standards on production, distribution, consumption, financial institutions, and economic decision-making. SS12.3.4 directly identifies banking, investment, credit, regulation, and debt. The current standards compilation classifies grades 9-12 social studies as content and performance standards, so districts teach and assess the framework through their local assessment systems.", "sourceIds": [ "wy-standards" ] }, { "text": "Wyoming's statewide diploma framework requires four school years of English and three each of mathematics, science, and social studies. Social studies must include economic systems and institutions, but neither the statute nor the graduation rule creates a distinct personal finance credit. A district may add local requirements and decides which aligned courses satisfy its diploma policy.", "sourceIds": [ "wy-statute", "wy-chapter-31" ] } ], "domains": [ { "name": "Personal financial management common-core skill", "summary": "State law places personal financial management inside the life-skills component that every district's educational program must address.", "standards": [ { "code": "W.S. 21-9-101(b)(iii)(F)", "title": "Provide an educational program sufficient to meet the statewide…", "description": "Provide an educational program sufficient to meet the statewide life-skills expectation, including personal financial management skills.", "gradeOrCourse": "K-12 common core of skills", "sourceId": "wy-statute", "sourcePage": "W.S. 21-9-101(b)(iii)(F)" } ] }, { "name": "Grades 9-12 production, distribution, and consumption", "summary": "Wyoming's complete high-school economics strand contains five standards. One directly names financial institutions, banking, investment, credit, regulation, and debt; the others establish the surrounding economic decision-making framework.", "standards": [ { "code": "SS12.3.1", "title": "Analyze the impact of supply, demand, scarcity, prices, incentives,…", "description": "Analyze the impact of supply, demand, scarcity, prices, incentives, competition, and profits on what is produced, distributed, and consumed.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 social studies", "sourceId": "wy-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 27" }, { "code": "SS12.3.2", "title": "Analyze and evaluate how people organize for the production,…", "description": "Analyze and evaluate how people organize for the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services in various economic systems, including capitalism, communism, and socialism.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 social studies", "sourceId": "wy-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 27" }, { "code": "SS12.3.3", "title": "Analyze and evaluate the impact of current and emerging technologies at…", "description": "Analyze and evaluate the impact of current and emerging technologies at the microeconomic and macroeconomic levels and their impact on global economic interdependence.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 social studies", "sourceId": "wy-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 27" }, { "code": "SS12.3.4", "title": "Explain how financial and government institutions make economic…", "description": "Explain how financial and government institutions make economic decisions, including banking, investment, credit, regulation, and debt.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 social studies", "sourceId": "wy-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 27" }, { "code": "SS12.3.5", "title": "Evaluate how values and beliefs influence microeconomic and…", "description": "Evaluate how values and beliefs influence microeconomic and macroeconomic decisions.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12 social studies", "sourceId": "wy-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF page 27" } ] } ], "policyTimeline": [ { "date": "2018-07-12", "event": "The State Board adopted the current Chapter 31 graduation rules, preserving the three-year social studies requirement that includes economic systems and institutions without adding a separate personal finance credit.", "sourceId": "wy-chapter-31" }, { "date": "2025-07-16", "event": "The current Chapter 10 rules took effect, retaining personal financial management within the common core of skills that may be integrated into content-area standards and defining district instruction and assessment duties.", "sourceId": "wy-chapter-10" }, { "date": "2025-07", "event": "The Department published its comprehensive current high-school standards compilation and confirmed that the 2014+2018 social studies standards remain in effect.", "sourceId": "wy-standards" }, { "date": "2026-2027", "event": "Wyoming scheduled the social studies standards for review; the current set remains effective until a replacement is adopted and reaches its implementation date.", "sourceId": "wy-standards" } ], "lawsAndRules": [ { "identifier": "W.S. 21-9-101(b)(iii)(F)", "title": "Educational programs and common core of skills", "summary": "Requires district educational programs to meet the statewide common core of skills, including life skills and personal financial management.", "officialUrl": "https://wyoleg.gov/statutes/compress/title21.pdf", "effectiveDate": null, "sourceId": "wy-statute" }, { "identifier": "W.S. 21-2-304(a)(iii)", "title": "State standards and graduation components", "summary": "Directs the State Board to prescribe uniform standards and requires three school years of social studies, including economic systems and institutions, among the statewide diploma components.", "officialUrl": "https://wyoleg.gov/statutes/compress/title21.pdf", "effectiveDate": null, "sourceId": "wy-statute" }, { "identifier": "Wyoming Education Rules, Chapter 10", "title": "Wyoming Content and Performance Standards", "summary": "Defines personal financial management as a common-core life skill, permits integration into content-area standards, and establishes district instruction and assessment duties.", "officialUrl": "https://edu.wyoming.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/WDE-Ch-10-Rules-7.16.25_24898.pdf", "effectiveDate": "2025-07-16", "sourceId": "wy-chapter-10" }, { "identifier": "Wyoming Education Rules, Chapter 31", "title": "Wyoming Graduation Requirements", "summary": "Sets statewide course components and district diploma-policy duties without creating a separate personal finance course or credit.", "officialUrl": "https://edu.wyoming.gov/downloads/accountability/Chapter31_CLEAN.pdf", "effectiveDate": null, "sourceId": "wy-chapter-31" } ], "educatorNotes": [ { "text": "Document where the district's curriculum addresses personal financial management. Chapter 10 allows the common-core skill to be integrated rather than taught in a separately named course.", "sourceIds": [ "wy-statute", "wy-chapter-10" ] }, { "text": "Use the full grades 9-12 economics strand when mapping financial-literacy instruction, while distinguishing the directly financial SS12.3.4 standard from the broader economic standards around it.", "sourceIds": [ "wy-standards" ] }, { "text": "Do not report a statewide personal finance credit or stand-alone course. State graduation rules identify social studies and economic systems requirements, while districts publish the eligible aligned courses and any added local requirements.", "sourceIds": [ "wy-chapter-31", "wy-statute" ] } ], "sources": [ { "id": "wy-statute", "title": "Wyoming Statutes, Title 21 - Education", "authority": "Wyoming Legislature", "url": "https://wyoleg.gov/statutes/compress/title21.pdf", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "W.S. 21-9-101(b)(iii)(F) and 21-2-304(a)(iii)", "supports": [ "personal financial management common-core skill", "district educational-program duty", "graduation components", "no separate statewide personal finance credit" ], "excerpt": "Life skills, including personal financial management skills." }, { "id": "wy-chapter-10", "title": "Wyoming Education Rules, Chapter 10: Content and Performance Standards", "authority": "Wyoming State Board of Education", "url": "https://edu.wyoming.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/WDE-Ch-10-Rules-7.16.25_24898.pdf", "sourceType": "regulation", "publicationDate": "2025-07-16", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Current rules, sections 2(b) and 3, PDF pages 2-4", "supports": [ "current rule", "common-core skill definition", "integrated delivery", "instruction duty", "district assessment duty" ], "excerpt": "These skills may be integrated into the uniform student content and performance standards for the Common Core of Knowledge." }, { "id": "wy-chapter-31", "title": "Wyoming Education Rules, Chapter 31: Wyoming Graduation Requirements", "authority": "Wyoming State Board of Education", "url": "https://edu.wyoming.gov/downloads/accountability/Chapter31_CLEAN.pdf", "sourceType": "regulation", "publicationDate": "2018-07-12", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Clean rules, section 4, PDF pages 3-4", "supports": [ "state diploma components", "three years of social studies", "economic systems and institutions", "district diploma policies", "no separate personal finance credit" ], "excerpt": "Three (3) school years of social studies, including history, American government, and economic systems and institutions." }, { "id": "wy-standards", "title": "All Currently-Adopted High School Standards - Wyoming", "authority": "Wyoming Department of Education", "url": "https://edu.wyoming.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/2025-High-School-Comprehensive-WYCPS_no-PLDs_public.pdf", "sourceType": "standards", "publicationDate": "2025-07", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "PDF pages 26-27, Grade 9-12 Social Studies (2014+2018)", "supports": [ "current social studies set", "local grade-band delivery", "complete SS12.3.1 through SS12.3.5 economics strand", "2026-27 review schedule" ], "excerpt": "The below set (2014+2018) will continue to be in effect until a new or updated set is adopted." }, { "id": "wy-standards-page", "title": "Content and Performance Standards", "authority": "Wyoming Department of Education", "url": "https://edu.wyoming.gov/transparency/content-performance-standards/", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "State standards overview and district responsibilities", "supports": [ "state standards role", "local curriculum decisions", "standards access" ], "excerpt": "Wyoming standards define what students should know and be able to do." } ], "faq": [ { "question": "Does Wyoming require financial literacy in school?", "answer": "Yes. Wyoming law requires district educational programs to meet a common core of skills that expressly includes personal financial management. The state allows this learning to be integrated into other content areas and requires applicable performance standards to be assessed through district systems.", "sourceIds": [ "wy-statute", "wy-chapter-10", "wy-standards" ] }, { "question": "Does Wyoming require a personal finance course for graduation?", "answer": "No separate statewide personal finance course is required. Wyoming requires three school years of social studies, including economic systems and institutions, but the state does not assign a dedicated financial literacy course or credit.", "sourceIds": [ "wy-statute", "wy-chapter-31" ] }, { "question": "How much personal finance credit does Wyoming require?", "answer": "Wyoming does not set a separate statewide personal finance credit amount. Districts determine how to organize aligned courses and may add local graduation requirements.", "sourceIds": [ "wy-chapter-31" ] }, { "question": "What do Wyoming's high-school financial literacy standards cover?", "answer": "The high-school economics strand covers production and consumption, economic systems, technology, financial and government institutions, banking, investment, credit, regulation, debt, and economic decision-making.", "sourceIds": [ "wy-standards" ] }, { "question": "Who decides how Wyoming schools teach personal financial management?", "answer": "The state sets the required skill and content standards, while local districts select curriculum, organize courses, assess students, and publish the courses eligible for their diploma policies.", "sourceIds": [ "wy-chapter-10", "wy-chapter-31", "wy-standards-page" ] } ], "relatedStates": [] }, { "name": "District of Columbia", "abbreviation": "DC", "slug": "district-of-columbia", "jurisdictionType": "district", "lastReviewed": "2026-09-20", "researchStatus": "verified", "indexable": true, "seo": { "title": "District of Columbia Personal Finance Standards & Requirements", "description": "Washington, D.C. has grades 9-12 financial literacy standards for a stand-alone elective, but no District-wide financial literacy graduation credit. Review all standards and official D.C. sources.", "socialImage": "/icon-512.png" }, "summary": "Washington, D.C. has adopted financial literacy standards for grades 9-12 that are intended for a stand-alone elective course and were implemented beginning in the 2024-25 school year. The District of Columbia's current 24-credit graduation framework does not list a personal finance or financial literacy credit, so the standards do not by themselves create a District-wide student-completion or graduation requirement.", "summarySourceIds": [ "dc-standards-page", "dc-learning-standards", "dc-graduation" ], "requirement": { "overallStatuses": [ "standards_only", "no_statewide_requirement_located" ], "standaloneCourseRequired": false, "graduationRequirement": false, "creditRequirement": null, "gradeLevels": [ "Grades 9-12" ], "effectiveDate": null, "effectiveSchoolYear": "2024-25 standards implementation", "firstGraduatingClass": null, "assessmentRequired": null, "responsibleAgency": "District of Columbia Office of the State Superintendent of Education", "deliveryNotes": "OSSE describes the standards as intended for a stand-alone elective. LEAs that implement financial literacy must use the adopted standards, but the current District graduation requirements do not require every student to complete the elective or earn a financial literacy credit.", "sourceIds": [ "dc-standards-page", "dc-learning-standards", "dc-graduation", "dc-graduation-modernization", "dc-code" ] }, "standardsDocument": { "title": "District of Columbia Financial Literacy Standards", "adoptingAuthority": "District of Columbia State Board of Education", "adoptionDate": "2024-03-20", "effectiveDate": "2024-25 school year", "officialUrl": "https://osse.dc.gov/sites/default/files/dc/sites/osse/page_content/attachments/Financial%20Literacy%20Standards%20-%20Final.pdf", "sourceId": "dc-standards" }, "narrative": [ { "text": "The District of Columbia State Board of Education unanimously adopted the current high school financial literacy standards on March 20, 2024. OSSE says the grades 9-12 framework is intended for a stand-alone elective and began implementation in the 2024-25 school year.", "sourceIds": [ "dc-standards-page", "dc-board-resolution", "dc-standards" ] }, { "text": "The phrase stand-alone elective describes the intended course format, not a District-wide mandate that every student take the course. OSSE's standards page requires LEAs implementing financial literacy to use the standards, while the current graduation framework lists 24 credits without a separate personal finance or financial literacy credit. The State Board's live modernization page still labels that 24-credit framework as current while proposed revisions remain in process.", "sourceIds": [ "dc-learning-standards", "dc-graduation", "dc-graduation-modernization" ] }, { "text": "D.C. Code section 38-731.02 required the Mayor to submit an implementation plan for financial literacy education after the 2008 law. That provision does not itself establish a credit, course-completion, or graduation requirement, and this record does not treat it as one.", "sourceIds": [ "dc-code" ] }, { "text": "The 57 adopted standards are tailored to Washington, D.C. students and cover earning income, saving and investing, spending, credit, and managing risk. They include District-specific public programs and consumer protections alongside national financial concepts.", "sourceIds": [ "dc-standards" ] } ], "domains": [ { "name": "Earning Income", "summary": "Ten standards examine wages and benefits, education and careers, entrepreneurship, taxes, and District-specific support for postsecondary education and advancement.", "standards": [ { "code": "EI.K.1", "title": "Compare factors that can affect wages, including employment type,…", "description": "Compare factors that can affect wages, including employment type, occupational field, education, race, gender, union participation, and safety risk.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 5-6" }, { "code": "EI.K.2", "title": "Compare compensation models including hourly wages, salary, commissions,…", "description": "Compare compensation models including hourly wages, salary, commissions, tips, bonuses, health benefits, retirement benefits, and education reimbursement.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 5-6" }, { "code": "EI.K.3", "title": "Analyze noncash employment factors including working conditions, hours,…", "description": "Analyze noncash employment factors including working conditions, hours, telework, advancement opportunities, wages, and benefits.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 5-6" }, { "code": "EI.K.4", "title": "Analyze differences among retirement-income sources including Social…", "description": "Analyze differences among retirement-income sources including Social Security, employer-sponsored plans, personal investments, and continued employment.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 5-6" }, { "code": "EI.K.5", "title": "Evaluate the accessibility and cost of education and training in…", "description": "Evaluate the accessibility and cost of education and training in relation to potential future earnings.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 5-6" }, { "code": "EI.K.6", "title": "Evaluate the risks and benefits of starting and owning a business", "description": "Evaluate the risks and benefits of starting and owning a business.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 5-6" }, { "code": "EI.S.1", "title": "Assess income opportunities and recognize the signs and risks of…", "description": "Assess income opportunities and recognize the signs and risks of predatory income schemes.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 5-6" }, { "code": "EI.S.2", "title": "Identify District of Columbia programs that provide financial support…", "description": "Identify District of Columbia programs that provide financial support for higher education and career advancement.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 5-6" }, { "code": "EI.S.3", "title": "Analyze tax-preparation tools and services and determine when and how to…", "description": "Analyze tax-preparation tools and services and determine when and how to file taxes.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 5-6" }, { "code": "EI.S.4", "title": "Identify common tax forms and functions and determine payroll, income,…", "description": "Identify common tax forms and functions and determine payroll, income, property, and sales taxes.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 5-6" } ] }, { "name": "Saving and Investing", "summary": "Seventeen standards cover accounts, inflation, institutions and regulators, assets, diversification, investment costs, retirement accounts, and professional advice.", "standards": [ { "code": "SI.K.1", "title": "Compare the functions, benefits, and drawbacks of different checking and…", "description": "Compare the functions, benefits, and drawbacks of different checking and savings account types.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 7-9" }, { "code": "SI.K.2", "title": "Identify the features and risks of mobile-payment services,…", "description": "Identify the features and risks of mobile-payment services, stock-trading applications, and cryptocurrency, including the absence of federal deposit insurance for some products.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 7-9" }, { "code": "SI.K.3", "title": "Analyze how generational wealth and inherited assets can influence…", "description": "Analyze how generational wealth and inherited assets can influence financial opportunity.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 7-9" }, { "code": "SI.K.4", "title": "Assess the effect of inflation and deflation on savings", "description": "Assess the effect of inflation and deflation on savings.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 7-9" }, { "code": "SI.K.5", "title": "Interpret the roles of financial institutions including banks, credit…", "description": "Interpret the roles of financial institutions including banks, credit unions, and brokerages.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 7-9" }, { "code": "SI.K.6", "title": "Describe the roles of federal financial regulators and local…", "description": "Describe the roles of federal financial regulators and local counterparts, including the Federal Reserve, FDIC, SEC, and NCUA.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 7-9" }, { "code": "SI.K.7", "title": "Assess tax policies intended to encourage saving", "description": "Assess tax policies intended to encourage saving.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 7-9" }, { "code": "SI.K.8", "title": "Examine why companies issue stock and why investors choose to buy it", "description": "Examine why companies issue stock and why investors choose to buy it.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 7-9" }, { "code": "SI.K.9", "title": "Investigate ethical dimensions of investing, including environmental,…", "description": "Investigate ethical dimensions of investing, including environmental, social, and governance considerations.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 7-9" }, { "code": "SI.K.10", "title": "Compare the tradeoff between greater investment risk and the possibility…", "description": "Compare the tradeoff between greater investment risk and the possibility of a higher return.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 7-9" }, { "code": "SI.K.11", "title": "Assess how federal market regulation supports accurate information and…", "description": "Assess how federal market regulation supports accurate information and protects investors from fraud.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 7-9" }, { "code": "SI.S.1", "title": "Identify saving practices for short-term and long-term financial goals", "description": "Identify saving practices for short-term and long-term financial goals.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 7-9" }, { "code": "SI.S.2", "title": "Compare nominal annual investment returns using cash flow and price changes", "description": "Compare nominal annual investment returns using cash flow and price changes.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 7-9" }, { "code": "SI.S.3", "title": "Analyze diversification and asset allocation in relation to risk…", "description": "Analyze diversification and asset allocation in relation to risk tolerance, financial goals, and time horizon.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 7-9" }, { "code": "SI.S.4", "title": "Examine how transaction costs, holding expenses, and tax rules affect…", "description": "Examine how transaction costs, holding expenses, and tax rules affect investment returns.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 7-9" }, { "code": "SI.S.5", "title": "Analyze interest, dividends, capital appreciation, and other forms of…", "description": "Analyze interest, dividends, capital appreciation, and other forms of passive income.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 7-9" }, { "code": "SI.S.6", "title": "Evaluate financial professionals using licensing, certification,…", "description": "Evaluate financial professionals using licensing, certification, education, experience, and cost.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 7-9" } ] }, { "name": "Spending", "summary": "Twelve standards address spending influences, budgets, payments, housing, vehicles, consumer protection, and District-specific assistance.", "standards": [ { "code": "SP.K.1", "title": "Assess how marketing, community, lived experience, and psychology…", "description": "Assess how marketing, community, lived experience, and psychology influence values and attitudes toward spending.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 10-11" }, { "code": "SP.K.2", "title": "Analyze how people manage resources across different levels of income…", "description": "Analyze how people manage resources across different levels of income and wealth.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 10-11" }, { "code": "SP.K.3", "title": "Identify District of Columbia agencies and programs that provide…", "description": "Identify District of Columbia agencies and programs that provide financial relief and explain their value.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 10-11" }, { "code": "SP.K.4", "title": "Interpret factors that shape consumer decisions", "description": "Interpret factors that shape consumer decisions.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 10-11" }, { "code": "SP.K.5", "title": "Analyze housing decisions and accessibility, including preferences,…", "description": "Analyze housing decisions and accessibility, including preferences, discrimination, cost, tax credits, budgets, and availability.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 10-11" }, { "code": "SP.K.6", "title": "Identify legal protections for homeowners and renters, including…", "description": "Identify legal protections for homeowners and renters, including District assistance programs.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 10-11" }, { "code": "SP.K.7", "title": "Explain the roles of federal and District consumer-protection laws,…", "description": "Explain the roles of federal and District consumer-protection laws, regulators, and agencies.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 10-11" }, { "code": "SP.S.1", "title": "Create a budget that responds to changing income, expenses, constraints,…", "description": "Create a budget that responds to changing income, expenses, constraints, and goals.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 10-11" }, { "code": "SP.S.2", "title": "Analyze different forms of payment", "description": "Analyze different forms of payment.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 10-11" }, { "code": "SP.S.3", "title": "Assess unexpected expenses and strategies for managing them", "description": "Assess unexpected expenses and strategies for managing them.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 10-11" }, { "code": "SP.S.4", "title": "Identify local and federal resources beyond budgeting that can support…", "description": "Identify local and federal resources beyond budgeting that can support financial goals.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 10-11" }, { "code": "SP.S.5", "title": "Interpret the full cost of buying or leasing a vehicle, including down…", "description": "Interpret the full cost of buying or leasing a vehicle, including down payment, interest rate, loan terms, and registration.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 10-11" } ] }, { "name": "Credit", "summary": "Nine standards cover the purpose and price of credit, debt assistance, bankruptcy, high-cost services, mortgages, student aid, and credit scores.", "standards": [ { "code": "CR.K.1", "title": "Explain the purpose, risks, and benefits of credit", "description": "Explain the purpose, risks, and benefits of credit.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 12-13" }, { "code": "CR.K.2", "title": "Assess sources of assistance for managing debt", "description": "Assess sources of assistance for managing debt.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 12-13" }, { "code": "CR.K.3", "title": "Identify the financial implications of bankruptcy", "description": "Identify the financial implications of bankruptcy.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 12-13" }, { "code": "CR.K.4", "title": "Analyze high-cost financial services including payday lending, check…", "description": "Analyze high-cost financial services including payday lending, check cashing, pawn loans, and instant tax refunds.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 12-13" }, { "code": "CR.S.1", "title": "Examine the cost of credit using APR, effective annual rate,…", "description": "Examine the cost of credit using APR, effective annual rate, compounding, and contract terms.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 12-13" }, { "code": "CR.S.2", "title": "Compare the risks and benefits of different mortgage plans", "description": "Compare the risks and benefits of different mortgage plans.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 12-13" }, { "code": "CR.S.3", "title": "Assess how down payments and interest rates affect borrowing and total cost", "description": "Assess how down payments and interest rates affect borrowing and total cost.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 12-13" }, { "code": "CR.S.4", "title": "Compare postsecondary financing through federal and private loans,…", "description": "Compare postsecondary financing through federal and private loans, forgiveness programs, grants, scholarships, and savings.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 12-13" }, { "code": "CR.S.5", "title": "Identify factors that affect a credit score and methods for improving it", "description": "Identify factors that affect a credit score and methods for improving it.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 12-13" } ] }, { "name": "Managing Risk", "summary": "Nine standards examine required and optional insurance, deductibles and premiums, online safety, identity theft, fraud, and service contracts.", "standards": [ { "code": "MR.K.1", "title": "Explain why certain forms of insurance are mandatory", "description": "Explain why certain forms of insurance are mandatory.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 14-15" }, { "code": "MR.K.2", "title": "Compare the costs and benefits of disability insurance", "description": "Compare the costs and benefits of disability insurance.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 14-15" }, { "code": "MR.K.3", "title": "Explain how auto, homeowner's, and renter's insurance reimburse losses…", "description": "Explain how auto, homeowner's, and renter's insurance reimburse losses and cover liability costs.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 14-15" }, { "code": "MR.K.4", "title": "Analyze when a person may need life insurance", "description": "Analyze when a person may need life insurance.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 14-15" }, { "code": "MR.K.5", "title": "Assess online security, privacy, identity-theft, and fraud risks", "description": "Assess online security, privacy, identity-theft, and fraud risks.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 14-15" }, { "code": "MR.K.6", "title": "Evaluate extended warranties and service contracts", "description": "Evaluate extended warranties and service contracts.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 14-15" }, { "code": "MR.S.1", "title": "Analyze factors that affect insurance premiums, copayments, deductibles,…", "description": "Analyze factors that affect insurance premiums, copayments, deductibles, and plan costs and benefits.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 14-15" }, { "code": "MR.S.2", "title": "Compare health-insurance plans and preventive-care coverage", "description": "Compare health-insurance plans and preventive-care coverage.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 14-15" }, { "code": "MR.S.3", "title": "Analyze the financial risks and consequences of gambling", "description": "Analyze the financial risks and consequences of gambling.", "gradeOrCourse": "Grades 9-12", "sourceId": "dc-standards", "sourcePage": "PDF pages 14-15" } ] } ], "policyTimeline": [ { "date": "2008-08-15", "event": "D.C. Law 17-209 required the Mayor to submit a plan for implementing financial literacy education in public schools.", "sourceId": "dc-code" }, { "date": "2024-03-20", "event": "The State Board of Education unanimously adopted the District of Columbia Financial Literacy Standards.", "sourceId": "dc-board-resolution" }, { "date": "2024-25", "event": "OSSE began implementation support and monitoring for the grades 9-12 financial literacy standards.", "sourceId": "dc-learning-standards" } ], "lawsAndRules": [ { "identifier": "D.C. Code § 38-731.02", "title": "Financial literacy education in schools", "summary": "Required the Mayor to submit an implementation plan within 180 days after August 15, 2008; it does not state a student credit or graduation requirement.", "officialUrl": "https://code.dccouncil.gov/us/dc/council/code/sections/38-731.02", "effectiveDate": "2008-08-15", "sourceId": "dc-code" }, { "identifier": "5-A DCMR § 2203", "title": "Graduation requirements", "summary": "Establishes the District's 24-credit graduation framework, which does not list a separate personal finance or financial literacy credit.", "officialUrl": "https://osse.dc.gov/node/1295071", "effectiveDate": null, "sourceId": "dc-graduation" } ], "educatorNotes": [ { "text": "Use the complete 57-standard framework for a grades 9-12 financial literacy course; OSSE describes the intended course as a stand-alone elective.", "sourceIds": [ "dc-standards", "dc-learning-standards" ] }, { "text": "Do not present the elective framework as a District-wide graduation mandate. The current 24-credit framework does not assign a personal finance credit.", "sourceIds": [ "dc-graduation", "dc-learning-standards" ] }, { "text": "District-specific programs and protections appear throughout the standards and should be preserved in local course planning.", "sourceIds": [ "dc-standards" ] } ], "sources": [ { "id": "dc-standards", "title": "District of Columbia Financial Literacy Standards", "authority": "District of Columbia Office of the State Superintendent of Education", "url": "https://osse.dc.gov/sites/default/files/dc/sites/osse/page_content/attachments/Financial%20Literacy%20Standards%20-%20Final.pdf", "sourceType": "standards", "publicationDate": "2024-03", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "PDF pages 4-15, grades 9-12 domains and standards", "supports": [ "complete 57-standard framework", "five domains", "grades 9-12", "stand-alone elective intent", "2024-25 implementation" ], "excerpt": "These standards are intended to be implemented as a standalone, elective course for high school students across the District beginning in the 2024-25 school year." }, { "id": "dc-standards-page", "title": "Financial Literacy Standards", "authority": "District of Columbia Office of the State Superintendent of Education", "url": "https://osse.dc.gov/financialliteracystandards", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": "2024-03-20", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Adoption statement and 2024-25 implementation timeline", "supports": [ "March 20 adoption", "unanimous vote", "stand-alone elective intent", "implementation year" ], "excerpt": "On March 20, 2024, the State Board of Education voted to adopt financial literacy standards." }, { "id": "dc-learning-standards", "title": "District of Columbia Standards of Learning", "authority": "District of Columbia Office of the State Superintendent of Education", "url": "https://osse.dc.gov/service/dc-standards-learning", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Financial Literacy Standards, grades and monitoring for school year 2024-25", "supports": [ "grades 9-12", "stand-alone elective intent", "LEA implementation condition", "OSSE support and monitoring" ], "excerpt": "The financial literacy standards are intended to be implemented as a standalone, elective course for high school students." }, { "id": "dc-board-resolution", "title": "SR24-9: Approving the District of Columbia's Financial Literacy Standards", "authority": "District of Columbia State Board of Education", "url": "https://sboe.dc.gov/sites/default/files/dc/sites/sboe/publication/attachments/SR24-9%20Approving%20the%20District%20of%20Columbia%27s%20Financial%20Literacy%20Standards.pdf", "sourceType": "board_action", "publicationDate": "2024-03-20", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Resolution SR24-9, adoption vote", "supports": [ "formal State Board adoption", "March 20, 2024 vote" ], "excerpt": "The State Board approved the District's Financial Literacy Standards through Resolution SR24-9." }, { "id": "dc-graduation", "title": "District of Columbia Graduation Requirements", "authority": "District of Columbia Office of the State Superintendent of Education", "url": "https://osse.dc.gov/node/1295071", "sourceType": "regulation", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "5-A DCMR § 2203 and current 24-credit subject distribution", "supports": [ "24-credit minimum", "current subject credits", "no separate financial literacy credit" ], "excerpt": "The current requirements total 24 credits across English, mathematics, science, social studies, world language, arts, physical education and health, and electives." }, { "id": "dc-graduation-modernization", "title": "Modernizing Our High School Graduation Requirements", "authority": "District of Columbia State Board of Education", "url": "https://sboe.dc.gov/page/modernizing-our-high-school-graduation-requirements", "sourceType": "agency_guidance", "publicationDate": null, "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Current Graduation Requirements and proposal process", "supports": [ "current 24-credit framework", "proposal status", "State Board approval process", "no current financial literacy credit" ], "excerpt": "The District of Columbia's graduation requirements were most recently updated in 2018." }, { "id": "dc-code", "title": "D.C. Code § 38-731.02: Financial literacy education in schools", "authority": "Council of the District of Columbia", "url": "https://code.dccouncil.gov/us/dc/council/code/sections/38-731.02", "sourceType": "statute", "publicationDate": "2008-08-15", "accessedDate": "2026-09-20", "isPrimary": true, "locator": "Full section", "supports": [ "implementation-plan requirement", "limited statutory scope" ], "excerpt": "The Mayor shall submit to the Council, within 180 days after August 15, 2008, a plan for the implementation of financial literacy education in public schools." } ], "faq": [ { "question": "Does Washington, D.C. require financial literacy to graduate?", "answer": "No District-wide financial literacy credit appears in the current 24-credit graduation framework. D.C. has adopted grades 9-12 financial literacy standards, but the standards alone do not create a student-completion requirement.", "sourceIds": [ "dc-graduation", "dc-learning-standards" ] }, { "question": "Does the District of Columbia require a stand-alone personal finance course?", "answer": "No. OSSE intends the standards for a stand-alone elective course, but the official materials reviewed do not require every high school student to complete that elective.", "sourceIds": [ "dc-standards-page", "dc-learning-standards", "dc-graduation" ] }, { "question": "When did D.C.'s financial literacy standards take effect?", "answer": "The State Board adopted the standards on March 20, 2024, and OSSE began implementation in the 2024-25 school year.", "sourceIds": [ "dc-standards-page", "dc-board-resolution" ] }, { "question": "What do Washington, D.C.'s financial literacy standards cover?", "answer": "The 57 grades 9-12 standards cover earning income, saving and investing, spending, credit, and managing risk, with several expectations focused on District programs and protections.", "sourceIds": [ "dc-standards" ] }, { "question": "What does D.C.'s financial literacy law require?", "answer": "D.C. Code section 38-731.02 required the Mayor to submit an implementation plan after the 2008 law. The section does not state a course credit or graduation requirement.", "sourceIds": [ "dc-code" ] } ], "relatedStates": [] } ] }